ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2026
·
IF 7.8
Feng Han,Zhen Ye,Shaoze Wang,Wenfeng Shangguan,Zhi Jiang
Facet engineering is an effective strategy for enhancing the photocatalytic performance of semiconductor single crystals. However, conventional high-temperature solid-state synthesis often suffers from coupled crystallization and grain coarsening, making it difficult to simultaneously achieve high crystallinity, controlled facet exposure, small particle size, and good dispersibility. Herein, we report an integrated strategy combining solid-state recrystallization and facet engineering for the synthesis of small-sized SrTiO3:Rh single crystals with co-exposed (100)/(110) facets. Specifically, this approach employs partially crystallized SrTiO3 nanosphere precursors, which are subsequently subjected to SrCl2 molten-salt-assisted high-temperature recrystallization to enable crystal reconstruction, while suppressing excessive grain growth. The incorporation of Rh, together with the SrCl2 molten-salt environment, influences crystal growth behavior and facilitates selective facet exposure, which is associated with the formation of octadecahedral SrTiO3:Rh single crystals. The resulting particles simultaneously exhibit high crystallinity, anisotropic facet exposure, reduced particle size, and enhanced suspension stability in aqueous media. These structural features are closely correlated with improved charge carrier separation behavior and higher mass-normalized activity under low catalyst loading conditions. Compared with conventional Rh2O3-derived SrTiO3:Rh, the optimized samples exhibit significantly enhanced charge separation behavior and photocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance. Furthermore, upon Cr co-doping, the SrTiO3:Rh,Cr/BiVO4 system with the highest activity among the investigated Cr concentrations, coupled with the Fe3+/Fe2+ redox mediator, achieves an apparent quantum yield (AQY) of 4% under 420 nm monochromatic irradiation and demonstrates stable overall water splitting activity in a liquid-phase Z-scheme configuration.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2026
·
IF 8.7
Ziyu Zhou,Dengjie Zhong,Yunlan Xu
A novel ternary FLP composite was synthesized to remove Cr(VI) efficiently. • Superior adsorption capacity of 536 mg g −1 was achieved via PEI-Fc synergy. • As a redox-active component, ferrocene accelerated the reduction of Cr(VI). • Cr(VI) removal by FLP follows the synergistic mechanism of “capture-reduction-fixation” on lignin skeleton. To overcome the limitations of low specific surface area and functional group reactivity of lignin, a novel ferrocene-loaded, polyethyleneimine (PEI)-crosslinked lignin composite (FLP) was developed via glutaraldehyde-mediated grafting of PEI and strategic immobilization of ferrocene (Fc), which effectively improved the pore structure, surface accessibility, and redox-assisted reduction capability of the material. FLP achieved a Cr(VI) removal efficiency of 96.53%, and the maximum adsorption capacity was 536 mg g −1 . The adsorption behavior followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, while the Freundlich and Temkin isotherm models jointly suggested that the Cr(VI) removal process involved heterogeneous surface adsorption and adsorbate–adsorbate interactions. Thermodynamic analysis demonstrated that the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic. Furthermore, FLP exhibited exceptional stability and reusability. The removal of Cr(VI) by FLP was the synergistic effect of “capture-reduction-fixation”: Cr(VI) was initially captured through electrostatic attraction by the protonated amino groups of PEI, after which the incorporation of the redox-active Fc component facilitated interfacial electron transfer, reduced the charge-transfer resistance, and promoted the in-situ reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III), and finally Cr(III) was immobilized through multi-site chelation with amine groups from PEI and oxygen-containing functional groups on the lignin skeleton. This research provides a novel strategy for the high-value application of lignin-based materials in Cr(VI) wastewater remediation.
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JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
·
2026
·Vol. 109
·期 5
·e70867
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IF 4.2
Sibang Peng,Cheng Peng,Yingliang Xu,Zhenjie Ye,Ming Lv,Kang Guan
Cr-doped Al 2 O 3 ceramics with static-dissipative property were prepared via a liquid-phase infiltration method. By varying the number of infiltration cycles, the amount of Cr 2 O 3 doping in the Al 2 O 3 ceramics can be precisely controlled. The experimental results show that Cr ions are completely incorporated into the lattice of the Al 2 O 3 ceramics, and promote the sintering of the Al 2 O 3 ceramics when the doping amount is small. The incorporation of Cr leads to a significant reduction of volume resistivity from 4.86 × 10 1 3 to 1.54 × 10 9 Ω·cm, which is within the static-dissipative range. Meanwhile, the optical bandgap decreases from 4.32 to 3.36 eV, which can be attributed to the impurity states introduced by Cr in the band structure. Cr doping enhanced the Vickers hardness of alumina ceramics by up to 12.0% compared with the undoped sample. This method offers a simple and effective way for tailoring the optical and electronic properties of Al 2 O 3 ceramics.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
·
2026
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IF 4.4
Lin Tao,Sun Yaping,Wang Bo,Shao Huiping
In order to get a filter with oxidation resistance at high temperature, Ni–Cr alloy foam was prepared by vacuum evaporation deposition chromium on pure nickel foam. The effects of evaporation temperature and evaporation time on the Cr content, microstructure, compressive property and oxidation performance of the Ni–Cr alloy foams were investigated. The Ni–Cr alloy foam has a filament diameter of approximately 60–130 μm and a pore size of 200–330 μm, respectively. The results showed that increasing evaporation temperature and extending evaporation time can significantly increase Cr deposition and improve the uniformity of element distribution. The Ni–Cr alloy foam prepared by evaporation at 1100 ℃ for 1 h has a Cr content about 22.9 wt%, and its compressive strength reached 5.5 MPa at a strain of 0.35 while no fracture occurred. The Ni–Cr alloy foam has oxidation rates of 71.6, 79.2 and 171.0 mg/(m 2 ·h) at 600 °C, 700 °C and 800 °C, respectively, showing a good oxidation resistance. Therefore, vacuum evaporation deposition can realize alloying of pure nickel foam with chromium to get Ni–Cr alloy foam, with the characteristics of simple process, controllable composition and good properties.
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2026
·
IF 6
Mingyang Zhao,Zhisen Feng,Yupeng Jiao,Xiao Chen,Linjue Xiao,Tao Hong,Zhenfeng Tong
Cr-substituted hollandite ceramics are promising crystalline waste forms for immobilizing radioactive cesium, yet achieving high densification is challenging within temperature windows that mitigate Cs loss. Here, we develop a practical, sintering-aid-assisted reactive sintering route to densify Ba 0.667 Cs 0.667 Cr 2 Ti 6 O 16 at relatively low temperature and to identify the key factors controlling densification. Nine commonly used sintering aids were screened individually, and CuO was found to be uniquely effective. Guided by this screening, we correlate thermal behavior, crystallographic evolution, and microstructural development to clarify the role of CuO. Thermal analysis shows that CuO shifts BaCO 3 -related mass-loss/endothermic events to a lower temperature, indicating earlier BaCO 3 decarbonation and CO 2 release. Rietveld refinement of the X-ray diffraction data further reveals systematic crystallographic evolution, consistent with limited Cu substitution and associated defect-compensation effects that may enhance mass transport. These effects coincide with a marked change in grain-growth behavior, where anisotropic growth is suppressed, and grains become more equiaxed, improving packing efficiency and enabling grain-growth-controlled densification. The resulting increase in relative density is accompanied by significantly reduced Cs release, indicating improved chemical durability. Overall, this work establishes CuO-enabled reactive sintering as a practical low-temperature processing strategy for refractory Cr-hollandite waste forms and highlights grain-growth control as a key microstructural mechanism linking processing, densification, and durability.
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Journal of Water Process Engineering
·
2026
·
IF 6.6
Shifeng Zhao,Xin Fan,Fengzhu Lv,Yanping Zhao,Yuli Cui
Mg 0.6 Fe 0.4 (OH) 2 enables simultaneous removal of CR and Cr(VI) from wastewater. • Maximum removal capacities reach 2861.56 mg/g for CR and 295.68 mg/g for Cr(VI). • Removal mechanisms mainly include interlayer immobilization, degradation and precipitation. • Mg 0.6 Fe 0.4 (OH) 2 maintains high efficiency across pH 3–13 and in presence of competing anions. Organic dyes and the heavy metal frequently coexist in industrial wastewater, such as from textile dyeing processes, posing a serious threat to the environment and human health. In this study, an efficient and environmentally friendly Fe 2+ -doped brucite, Mg 0.6 Fe 0.4 (OH) 2 , was successfully synthesized for the simultaneous removal of the anionic dye Congo red (CR) and heavy metal Cr(VI) from wastewater. Mg 0.6 Fe 0.4 (OH) 2 achieved maximum removal capacities of 2861.56 mg/g for CR and 295.68 mg/g for Cr(VI) in single pollutant systems. In the coexisting system of CR and Cr(VI), due to the higher binding energy between CR and Mg 0.6 Fe 0.4 (OH) 2 as revealed by molecular simulation calculations, Mg 0.6 Fe 0.4 (OH) 2 exhibited preferential removal of CR. The presence of CR significantly inhibited the removal of Cr(VI), while Cr(VI) had a minimal effect on CR removal. Mechanism studies revealed that CR removal was achieved through interlayer immobilization, hydrogen bonding, and degradation (with 1 O 2 and ·O 2 − as the main active species). Cr(VI) removal occurred primarily via interlayer immobilization and reductive precipitation (forming (Fe,Mg)(Cr,Fe) 2 O 4 ). Moreover, Mg 0.6 Fe 0.4 (OH) 2 maintained excellent removal performance across a wide pH range (3−13) and in the presence of common coexisting anions. The reusability was tested and illustrated that Mg 0.6 Fe 0.4 (OH) 2 can be reused for several times. This work provides an efficient and feasible material for the simultaneous treatment of wastewater co-contaminated dyes and heavy metals, demonstrating significant potential for practical application.
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Nanomaterials
·
2026
·Vol. 16
·期 13
·832
·
IF 4.8
Yingjie Jiang,Xiaoli Jia,Li Fang,Qin Zhang,Ruiting Li,Bingqian Zhao,Jiancong Liu,Yaorui Li
Defect engineering of anatase TiO2nanosheets by hydrogen reduction is a compelling strategy to boost visible light photocatalytic Cr(VI) reduction, a process of vital importance for detoxifying highly toxic and carcinogenic Cr(VI) pollutants. However, the necessary high-temperature hydrogen treatment invariably induces morphological collapse, negating the structural merits of the two-dimensional nanosheets. Herein, we propose an ethylenediamine reflux protection strategy combined with hydrogen reduction to fabricate defect-rich TiO2nanosheets (EN-TiO2−x-NS) that preserve the original morphology. The resulting EN-TiO2−x-NS retained the square nanosheet structure and (001) facets, while Ti3+and oxygen vacancies were successfully introduced. The bandgap narrowed from 2.95 to 2.55 eV, leading to enhanced visible light absorption and charge separation efficiency. For photocatalytic Cr(VI) reduction under visible light, EN-TiO2−x-NS achieved a removal rate of 97.3% within 20 min, with a rate constant 1.93 times higher than that of pristine TiO2nanosheets and 3.17 times higher than that of the directly hydrogenated sample. The catalyst also exhibited excellent cycling stability. This work demonstrates a synergistic strategy combining morphology preservation and defect engineering, providing a new approach for designing high-performance TiO2-based photocatalysts.
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MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
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2025
·
IF 5.1
Mei Cui,Yunqian Chi,Yangyang Lin,Yinglei Liu,Jingru Chen,Liangqia Guo
On-site detection of Cr(VI) is highly desirable due to its potential threat to ecological environment and human health. Herein, a portable photocatalysis-based, smartphone-assisted colorimetric device, which integrated a UV light torch, a sample chamber and a smartphone, was developed by 3D printing technology for on-site Cr(VI) detection. A sensing membrane was prepared by incorporating chromogenic substrate (XTT), photocatalyst (CACN), silica gel, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) into polyester fiber membrane. Under the irradiation of UV light, XTT was catalytically reduced into orange formazan by CACN. In the presence of Cr(VI), Cr(VI) was also reduced by competing with XTT to capture the photoelectrons, leading to the fading of orange color. After taking photo by a smartphone, the RGB values of the sensing membrane were obtained by a color picking APP. The portable colorimetric device achieved a limit of detection for Cr(VI) as low as 0.59 μmol L −1 . Finally, the portable colorimetric device was applied for on-site detection of Cr(VI) in real environmental samples and chromium-containing wastewater samples. This work not only provides a portable detection device for on-site Cr(VI) detection in the environment but also extends the photocatalysis for sensing application.
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Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A
·
2025
·Vol. 99
·期 10
·2506-2515
·
IF 0.8
Ang Yu,Dong Kaijie,Yang Zhaokun,Liu Qinze
Benefiting from dual functional group synergy of catechol and amino group, poly(phenol-amine) deliver satisfactory adsorption performance for Cr(VI). Considering strong chelating capability with Cr(VI) and high reactivity of thiol group, this work goes beyond dual functional group synergy between catechol and amino group, and demonstrates triple functional group cooperation among catechol, amino group, and sulfur. A sulfur-containing poly(phenol-amine) was fabricated through simple oxidative polymerization between catechol and cysteamine. The effects of different parameters including solution pH, adsorption time, Cr(VI) initial concentration, temperature, and coexistence of other ions on adsorption performance were studied in detail. Kinetic models, isothermal models, and intra particle diffusion model were used to fitting adsorption process. Benefited from triple functional group cooperation among catechol, amino group, and sulfur, as-prepared sulfur-containing poly(phenol-amine) deliver maximum adsorption capacity of 327.89 mg/g for Cr(VI), which is higher than that of recently reported poly(phenol-amine) adsorbents. Additionally, as-prepared sulfur-containing poly(phenol-amine) exhibit good recoverability, and competitive adsorption performance in the presence of coexisting ions. This work would provide an important inspiration for future construction of poly(phenol-amine) adsorbent.
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Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2025
·
IF 7.2
Lipei Ren,Shuaifei Zhao,Milad Laghaei,Han Wang,Jiaqi Zhang,Weimin Gao,Joselito M. Razal,Weilin Xu,Lingxue Kong
Converting CO 2 into valuable chemicals through photocatalytic reduction is a promising method to achieve carbon neutrality. Nonetheless, the insufficient active sites of photocatalysts lead to low CO 2 reduction efficiency and product selectivity. Taking advantage of the synergistic effect of photocatalytic heterostructures is an effective way to overcome this shortcoming. Here, metal-organic frameworks (MIL-101(Cr))-titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) staggered gap (type II) heterojunctions were deposited on different woven polyimide (PI) substrates (MIL-101-TiO 2 PI hybrid photocatalysts) via atomic layer deposition and hydrothermal reaction for CO 2 photoreduction. The immobilized photocatalysts on the PI substrates resolved the challenge of separating powdered photocatalysts from liquid products or reactants. The prepared MIL-101(Cr)-TiO 2 PI hybrid photocatalysts displayed synergistic photocatalytic reduction performance towards CO 2 by separating the photogenerated charge carriers. The charge transfer between the heterojunctions and the substrates extended the lifetime of the excited electrons and holes, thereby generating synergy effects and promoting the CO 2 reduction yield. The rougher surface and higher specific area of the PI felt enabled higher loadings of heterojunctions compared with other woven structures of the fabric and mat. As a result, MIL-101(Cr)-TiO 2 PI felts showed multiple reduction pathways over the heterostructures and enhanced photocatalytic performance, with the main product yields of 29.6, 9.2, and 0.8 μmol g −1 h −1 for CO, CH 4 and H 2 , respectively. Meanwhile, CO selectivity of the MIL-101(Cr)-TiO 2 PI felt reached as high as 75 %. This study provides significant insights into the role of the substrate in flexible and immobilized hybrid photocatalysts with synergistic performance to achieve enhanced CO 2 reduction yield.
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JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2025
·
IF 11.3
Enjie Wu,Jintao Zhou,Dianming Ren,Honggui He,Jingyu Pan,Chuqing Tang,Xupin Zhuang
Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) contamination poses severe ecological risks due to its carcinogenicity and prevalence in industrial wastewater, where metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) show photocatalytic remediation potential. However, powdered MOFs suffer from poor recyclability and secondary pollution risks in practical applications. This study proposes an integrated structural-interfacial engineering strategy that combines the design of a robust three-dimensional fiber network framework with the interfacial engineering of MOFs and cellulose nanofibers to fabricate robust MOF-functionalized aerogel (MOFA) photocatalyst. The MOFAs feature hierarchical coordination effects enabling precise MOF crystallization control, achieving ultrahigh MOF loading (76.77 wt%), mechanical robustness (29 kPa stress at 70 % compression), exceptional stability (6.7 % permanent deformation after 100 cycles), and enhanced photocatalytic activity (photocurrent density of 2.87 μA/cm²). The optimized interfacial structure delivers superior adsorption (67 %) and photocatalytic performance (100 % Cr(VI) reduction in 80 min, > 94 % efficiency retention after 5 cycles), validated across diverse water matrices including high-salinity tanning wastewater under outdoor conditions. This innovative strategy offers a new design approach for developing high-performance photocatalytic materials and holds important application prospects in environmental governance.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 13.2
Yifei Yin,Wenjun Zhou,Ming Zhang
A microscale zero-valent iron (mZVI) composite integrating surface phosphate (P) modification and lattice nitrogen (N) doping (NP-mZVI) was successfully fabricated by one-step mechanochemical method in aim to establish synergistic adsorption-reduction pathways for enhanced Cr(VI) removal. NP-mZVI demonstrated superior reactivity for Cr(VI) removal with 100% of both removal efficiency and conversion rate, which significantly outperform the pristine ball-milled mZVI bm and P-modified mZVI bm . Furthermore, NP-mZVI also exhibited excellent removal performance for a range of heavy metals (e.g., Ni(II), Pb(II), Cu(II), and Cd(II)), and was also demonstrated to be pH-universal, long-term stability, and environmental applicability. The strategic integration of lattice N doping and surface P coordination in NP-mZVI establishes a dual-path optimization mechanism for enhanced Cr(VI) removal. Surface P groups enable bidentate Cr(VI) complexation through ligand-specific recognition, reducing adsorption energy barriers while creating Fe-O-P mediate directional charge transfer. Concurrently, interstitial N doping induces lattice tensile strain via Fe Fe bond elongation, weakening metallic bonding networks to amplify electron liberation from the Fe 0 core. N facilitates electron release through strain engineering while P directs interfacial electron utilization. This synergistic coupling of core activation and surface mediation resolves the kinetic mismatch between electron supply and interfacial demand, achieving superior Cr(VI) removal efficiency through adsorption-reduction pathway integration. This study highlighting the synergistic effects of surface P modification and lattice N doping for mZVI in enhancing the reduction and removal of Cr(VI), and provides a new insight into rational design of modified mZVI with high reactivity.
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