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Materials Science and Engineering B-Advanced Functional Solid-State Materials · 2025 · IF 4.6

Preparation and antibacterial properties of visible-light-active ZnO/Allicin nanocomposites

Yan Li,Ming Shen,Jing Kong

Although the antibacterial properties of ZnO nanoparticles have been widely studied for potential biomedical applications, their relatively mild antibacterial activity still limits the clinical application of ZnO-based antibacterial materials. Here, we reported a new method to improve the antibacterial activity and visible light absorption of ZnO nanoparticles by incorporating allicin on the surface. The synthesis was performed through a simple condensation reflux reaction to obtain the designed series of ZnO/Allicin composites. FT-IR, XRD, and TEM analysis proved the structure and composition of the obtained composites. All composites show visible light absorption in the UV–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy analysis. Through antibacterial activity tests, the ZnO/allincin-1 % sample showed significantly enhanced activity (2-fold increase) against Staphylococcus aureus after visible light excitation. Antibacterial mechanistic investigations reveal that the composition of allicin with the ZnO nanoparticles not only improves ROS productive ability but also enhances the release of Zn 2+ . Overall, this study provides a practical, convenient, and economic strategy to refine the visible light absorption and antibacterial activity of ZnO without introducing more toxic metal ions. In the meantime, this new nanomaterial could be a good starting point for initiating clinically applicable ZnO nanocomposites.

CAS / MDL: 1314-13-2
研究领域: 材料科学 · 微生物学 · 生物医学工程
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JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY · 2024 · IF 4.8

The water extract of Rheum palmatum has antioxidative properties and inhibits ROS production in mice

Cheng-fang Ma,Li Yang,Abraham Allan Degen,Lu-ming Ding

Ethnopharmacological relevance Rheum palmatum (RP) is a widely used traditional herb, which possesses antioxidant properties, inhibits ROS production and reduces fever. Aim of the study The aim of this study was to examine the antioxidative properties of the water extract of RP on oxidative-stressed mice. Materials & methods Forty mice were administered with DL-homocysteine (DL-Hcy) to induce oxidative stress and were divided into four groups: 1) CK: NaCl and water; 2) DL-Hcy: DL-Hcy and water; 3) DL-Hcy+50RP: DL-Hcy with 50 mg kg −1 body weight (BW) d −1 RP; and 4) DL-Hcy+150RP: DL-Hcy with 150 mg kg −1 BW d −1 RP. Rhein (0.3 mg g −1 dry matter) was the main active ingredient in RP. Results When compared with Dl-Hcy mice, the mice with supplementary RP mitigated oxidative stress by reducing the liver concentrations of superoxide dismutase (SOD) by 27% and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) by 32%, and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the kidney and spleen. These responses were more pronounced in DL-Hcy+150RP than DL-Hcy+50RP mice. RP also exhibited therapeutic effects on liver steatosis, chronic kidney nephritis and intestinal villus width shortening caused by oxidative stress, and concomitantly decreased the serum glucose concentration (RP vs. DL-HCY, 2.3 vs. 4.1 mmol L −1 ). Conclusion It was concluded that RP possesses antioxidant and therapeutic properties that can mitigate lesions on organs and prevent diabetes in oxidative-stressed mice. This study highlights the potential of RP as a medicinal supplement for animals in the future.

CAS / MDL: 302-17-0
研究领域: 药理学 · 民族药学 · 医学
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · 2023 · IF 9.5

Dynamic Microenvironment-Adaptable Hydrogel with Photothermal Performance and ROS Scavenging for Management of Diabetic Ulcer

Xinxin Jia,Jie Li,Yin Zheng,Xiaopeng Yang,Tingting Che,Jun Zhang,Yuanyuan Zhang,Xinge Zhang,Zhongming Wu

Persistent bacterial infections and excessive oxidative stress prevent the healing of diabetic ulcers, leading to an increased disability rate. Current treatments fail to kill bacteria while simultaneously relieving oxidative stress. Herein, a dynamic microenvironment-adaptable hydrogel (BP@CAu) with photothermal performance and reactive oxygen species scavenging is presented for diabetic ulcer healing. This hydrogel prepared using a dynamic borate-ester could respond to acidity in the infection microenvironment for a controllable drug release. An excellent photothermal conversion effect was integrated in the hydrogel, which exhibited strong antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The hydrogel attenuated intracellular oxidative stress and inflammation and promoted cell migration. In a full-thickness skin defect model of diabetic rats, the BP@CAu hydrogel contributed to the fastest wound closure, with ideal reepithelialization, granulation tissue formation, and regeneration of blood vessels. Further mechanistic studies revealed that the hydrogel relieved oxidative stress and downregulated the expression of inflammatory cytokines, resulting in dramatic therapeutic effects on diabetic wounds. Therefore, this study provides a synergistic therapeutic strategy for efficient photothermal performance and reactive oxygen species scavenging in diabetic ulcers.

研究领域: 生物医学工程 · 材料科学 · 药剂学 · 组织工程
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES B-BIOINTERFACES · 2024 · IF 5.4

Stabilized, ROS-sensitive β-cyclodextrin-grafted hyaluronic supramolecular nanocontainers for CD44-targeted anticancer drug delivery

Xianshuo Zhang,Peipei Wang,Xinsheng Wang,Yaoyu Xu,Taolin Cheng,Chengjie Zhang,Jiaying Ding,Yunfeng Shi,Wei Ma,Cui-Yun Yu,Hua Wei

Hyaluronic acid (HA)-based tumor microenvironment-responsive nanocontainers are attractive candidates for anticancer drug delivery due to HA's excellent biocompatibility , biodegradability, and CD44-targeting properties. Nevertheless, the consecutive synthesis of stabilized, stealthy, responsive HA-based multicomponent nanomedicines generally requires multi-step preparation and purification procedures, leading to batch-to-batch variation and scale-up difficulties. To develop a facile yet robust strategy for promoted translations, a silica monomer containing a cross-linkable diethoxysilyl unit was prepared to enable in situ crosslinking without any additives. Further combined with the host-guest inclusion complexation between β -cyclodextrin-grafted HA (HA-CD) and ferrocene-functionalized polymers, ferrocene-terminated poly(oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (Fc-POEGMA) and Fc-terminated poly( ε -caprolactone)- b -poly(3-(diethoxymethylsilyl)propyl(2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl) carbamate) (Fc-PCL- b -PDESPMA), a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-sensitive supramolecular polymer construct, Fc-POEGMA/Fc-PCL- b -PDESPMA@HA-CD was readily fabricated to integrate stealthy POEGMA, tumor active targeting HA, and an in situ cross-linkable PDESPMA sequence. Supramolecular amphiphilic copolymers with two different POEGMA contents of 25 wt% ( P1 ) and 20 wt% ( P2 ) were prepared via a simple physical mixing process, affording two core-crosslinked (CCL) micelles via an in situ sol-gel process of ethoxysilyl groups. The P1 -based CCL micelles show not only desired colloidal stability against high dilution, but also an intracellular ROS-mimicking environment-induced particulate aggregation that is beneficial for promoted intracellular release of the loaded cargoes. Most importantly, P1 -based nanomedicines exhibited greater cytotoxicity in CD44 receptor-positive HeLa cells than that in CD44 receptor-negative MCF-7 cells. Overall, this work developed HA-based nanomedicines with sufficient extracellular colloidal stability and efficient intracellular destabilization properties for enhanced anticancer drug delivery via smart integration of in situ crosslinking and supramolecular complexation.

研究领域: 纳米医学 · 癌症研究 · 药物递送系统 · 材料科学
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Biomaterials Science · 2021 ·Vol. 9 ·期 17 ·5824-5840 · IF 6.843

A NO/ROS/RNS cascaded-releasing nano-platform for gas/PDT/PTT/immunotherapy of tumors

Mengchao Ding,Kai Shao,Lijuan Wu,Yuping Jiang,Bing Cheng,Lili Wang,Jinsheng Shi,Xiaoying Kong

Nitric oxide (NO) gas treatment offers a promising strategy for tumor therapy; however, its practical application is still limited due to its poor efficacy and biotoxicity which were caused by gas leakage during blood delivery. Herein, a nano-platform (CMH-OBN) composed of chlorin e6-melanin-hyaluronic acid nanoparticles (Ce6-MNP-HA, CMH) and oxidized bletilla striata polysaccharide microcapsules (Oxi-BSP) carrying NO donors was prepared for responsive and cascaded release of NO, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and its secondary metabolite reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in tumor sites. Melanin not only endowed CMH with good photothermal properties, but also helped Ce6 to produce a large number of ROS under near-infrared (NIR) irradiation. OBN microcapsules, which were sensitive to ROS, can release NO donors under the stimulation of ROS released by CMH nanoparticles under NIR irradiation and can further release NO in the tumor microenvironment (TME) with high expression of glutathione (GSH). NO could further up-regulate soluble guanylate cyclase-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (sGC-cGMP) signal pathways to relieve hypoxia, thus further enhancing the photodynamic therapy (PDT). Moreover, the cascaded release of ROS and NO could produce RNS with higher lethality, which could sequentially initiate the cellular apoptotic procedure and promote immunotherapy by activating T cells at the tumor sites. More interestingly, the CMH-OBN nano-platform could supply magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and infrared photothermal imaging guidance for tumor therapy. In conclusion, the development of a CMH-OBN nano-platform provides a satisfactory demonstration by combining NO therapy with photothermal therapy (PTT), PDT and immunotherapy for the treatment of cancer.

研究领域: 癌症治疗 · 纳米技术 · 生物医学工程 · 药学
✓ 已验证 DOI PubMed 高影响因子
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Acta Biomaterialia · 2022 · IF 10.633

ROS-responsive polymer nanoparticles with enhanced loading of dexamethasone effectively modulate the lung injury microenvironment

Wali Muhammad,Jiaqi Zhu,Zihe Zhai,Jieqi Xie,Jiahang Zhou,Xudong Feng,Bing Feng,Qiaoling Pan,Shifen Li,Rajiu Venkatesan,Pan Li,Hongcui Cao,Changyou Gao

The acute lung injury (ALI) is an inflammatory disorder associated with cytokine storm, which activates various reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling pathways and causes severe complications in patients as currently seen in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). There is an urgent need for medication of the inflammatory lung environment and effective delivery of drugs to lung to reduce the burden of high doses of medications and attenuate inflammatory cells and pathways. Herein, we prepared dexamethasone-loaded ROS-responsive polymer nanoparticles ( [email protected] NPs) by a modified emulsion approach, which achieved high loading content of DEX (11.61 %). DEX was released faster from the [email protected] NPs in a ROS environment, which could scavenge excessive ROS efficiently both in vitro and in vivo . The PFTU NPs and [email protected] NPs showed no hemolysis and cytotoxicity. Free DEX, PFTU NPs and [email protected] NPs shifted M1 macrophages to M2 macrophages in RAW264.7 cells, and showed anti-inflammatory modulation to A549 cells in vitro . The [email protected] NPs treatment significantly reduced the increased total protein concentration in BALF of ALI mice. The delivery of [email protected] NPs decreased the proportion of neutrophils significantly, mitigated the cell apoptosis remarkably compared to the other groups, reduced M1 macrophages and increased M2 macrophages in vivo . Moreover, the [email protected] NPs had the strongest ability to suppress the expression of NLRP3, Caspase1, and IL-1β. Therefore, the [email protected] NPs could efficiently suppress inflammatory cells, ROS signaling pathways, and cell apoptosis to ameliorate LPS-induced ALI. Statement of Significance The acute lung injury (ALI) is an inflammatory disorder associated with cytokine storm, which activates various reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling pathways and causes severe complications in patients. There is an urgent need for medication of the inflammatory lung environment and effective delivery of drugs to modulate the inflammatory disorder and suppress the expression of ROS and inflammatory cytokines. The inhaled [email protected] NPs prepared through a modified nanoemulsification method suppressed the activation of NLRP3, induced the polarization of macrophage phenotype from M1 to M2, and thereby reduced the neutrophil infiltration, inhibited the release of proteins and inflammatory mediators, and thus decreased the acute lung injury in vivo .

研究领域: 药学 · 纳米技术 · 肺科学 · 免疫学
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Nanomedicine · 2019 · IF 4.717

Poly(dopamine) and Ag nanoparticle-loaded TiO2 nanotubes with optimized antibacterial and ROS-scavenging bioactivities

Chenghao Gao,Hao Cheng,Na Xu,Yong Li,Yangmengfan Chen,Yong Wei,Biao Gao,Jijiang Fu,Kaifu Huo,Wei Xiong

Aim: To create polydopamine (PDA) and Ag nanoparticle-loaded TiO2 nanotubes coating on titanium (Ti) alloy. Materials & methods: TiO2-PDA-Ag coating was fabricated on Ti implants by electrochemical anodization. The in vitro and in vivo bactericidal and antibiofilm activities were tested. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidative capability were measured, and cell proliferation, adhesion and cell morphology were characterized. Results: TiO2-PDA-Ag coating showed satisfactory bactericidal and antibiofilm activities in vitro and in vivo, improved Ag release pattern, evident ROS scavenging properties and enhanced cell adhesion and proliferation. Conclusion: Our study successfully fabricated a PDA and Ag nanoparticle-loaded TiO2 nanotubes coating on Ti alloy. The improved Ag release kinetics and ROS-scavenging properties achieve an optimal balance between antibacterial ability and biocompatibility.

研究领域: 材料科学 · 生物材料 · 纳米技术 · 生物医学工程
✓ 已验证 DOI PubMed 高影响因子
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL · 2024 · IF 13.3

Melatonin-coated nanofiber cell sheets promote periodontal regeneration through ROS scavenging and preservation of stemness

Weibing Tang,Fangjun Huo,Rongbai Ju,Xinghui Gao,Min He,Jie Long,Jingyi Zhang,Siyuan Zhang,Weidong Tian

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based cell sheet engineering holds great promise for periodontal tissue engineering and restoring damaged tissues. However, achieving optimal regenerative outcomes remains a challenge. This study introduces a novel approach that integrates melatonin-coated nanofiber fragments (mNFs) into dental follicle stem cell sheets (mNF-CSs) to enhance their regenerative potential. The mNF-CSs were engineered using electrospun poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) nanofiber sheets fragmented into mNFs and coated with melatonin, a potent antioxidant and osteogenic agent. The mNF-CSs exhibited a homogenous morphology with sustained melatonin release over 21 days, providing a prolonged antioxidative effect critical for tissue regeneration. In vitro experiments demonstrated that mNF-CSs significantly reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and upregulated antioxidative proteins such as SOD1 and SOD2, resulting in improved cell viability, maintenance of stemness, and enhanced osteogenic differentiation potential of dental follicle stem cells (DFCs). In vivo studies using both a nude mouse and a rat periodontal defect model demonstrated that mNF-CSs promoted alveolar bone repair and periodontal tissue regeneration, with enhanced retention of MSCs at the defect site and increased expression of periodontal tissue-related markers. Transcriptome analysis revealed the upregulation of genes associated with biomineralization, odontogenesis, and autophagy pathways in mNF-CSs, suggesting their ability to modulate crucial cellular processes for tissue regeneration. Overall, mNF-CSs offer a promising strategy for enhancing periodontal tissue engineering applications, providing a platform for improving bone grafts and regenerative medicine strategies in the context of periodontal diseases.

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JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY · 2024 · IF 2.7

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles induce apoptosis through ROS-Ca2+-p38/AKT/mTOR pathway in TM4 cells

Qianqian Wang,Yaqian Yang,Pengfei Li,Ruoyun Dong,Chenhao Sun,Guanling Song,Yan Wang

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO 2 NPs) can cause apoptosis in TM4 cells; however, the underlying mechanism has not been entirely elucidated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of TiO 2 NPs on ROS, Ca 2+ level, p38/AKT/mTOR pathway, and apoptosis in TM4 cells and to evaluate the role of Ca 2+ in p38/AKT/mTOR pathway and apoptosis. After exposure to different concentrations (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 μg/mL) of TiO 2 NPs for 24 h, cell viability, ROS, Ca 2+ level, Ca 2+ -ATPase activity, p38/AKT/mTOR pathway-related proteins, apoptosis rate, and apoptosis-related proteins (Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase 3, Caspase 9, and p53) were detected. The ROS scavenger NAC was used to determine the effect of ROS on Ca 2+ level. The Ca 2+ chelator BAPTA-AM was used to evaluate the role of Ca 2+ in p38/AKT/mTOR pathway and apoptosis. TiO 2 NPs significantly inhibited cell viability, increased ROS level, and elevated Ca 2+ level while suppressing Ca 2+ -ATPase activity. TiO 2 NPs regulated the p38/AKT/mTOR pathway via increasing p-p38 level and decreasing p-AKT and p-mTOR levels. TiO 2 NPs significantly enhanced the apoptosis. NAC attenuated Ca 2+ overload and reduction in Ca 2+ -ATPase activity caused by TiO 2 NPs. BAPTA-AM alleviated TiO 2 NPs-induced abnormal expression of p38/AKT/mTOR pathway-related proteins. BAPTA-AM assuaged the apoptosis caused by TiO 2 NPs. Altogether, this study revealed that TiO 2 NPs elevated intracellular Ca 2+ level through ROS accumulation. Subsequently, the heightened intracellular Ca 2+ level was observed to exert regulation over the p38/AKT/mTOR pathway, ultimately culminating in apoptosis. These results provides a complementary understanding to the mechanism of TiO 2 NPs-induced apoptosis in TM4 cells.

CAS / MDL: 13463-67-7
研究领域: 纳米技术 · 细胞生物学 · 毒理学
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International Journal of Biological Sciences · 2026 ·Vol. 22 ·期 12 ·6363 · IF 11.7

Oridonin targets PRDX1 to promote apoptosis by inducing ROS-mediated ER stress and modulating autophagy

Ziyang Ding,Sisi Wang,Junhui Chen,Yali Song,Zhou Zhu,Haibo Tong,Ashok Iyaswamy,Peng Chen,Xu Wei,Wei Zhang,Jigang Wang,Chuanbin Yang,Yulin Feng

Oridonin is a bioactive diterpenoid derived from the widely used traditional Chinese medicinal herb Rabdosia rubescens , exhibits broad-spectrum anti-cancer activity, with several derivatives currently in clinical trials. However, the molecular mechanism underlying its anticancer effects, especially its direct target proteins, remain to be fully elucidated. Here, we found that Oridonin promoted intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, which in turn induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis. Moreover, ER stress was instrumental in inducing autophagy after Oridonin treatment, while blockade of autophagy further exacerbated Oridonin-induced cytotoxicity. Notably, using activity-based protein profiling (ABPP), we identified the anti-oxidant enzyme Peroxiredoxin 1 (PRDX1) as a key direct covalent target of Oridonin. By binding to Cysteine 173 of PRDX1, Oridonin increased intracellular ROS levels. Furthermore, PRDX1 over-expression mitigated, whereas PRDX1 knockdown potentiated, Oridonin-induced ROS accumulation, autophagy, and subsequently apoptosis. Overall, our results indicate that PRDX1 is a direct covalent binding target mediating Oridonin-induced apoptosis. These findings not only provide fresh insights into the core mechanism of Oridonin-induced cytotoxicity, but also highlight PRDX1 as a potential therapeutic target for renal cancer drug development.

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES · 2026 ·Vol. 27 ·期 14 ·6334 · IF 5.6

Hyperbaric Oxygen Attenuates Cerebral Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury Through ROS-Dependent Remodeling of Microglial Mitochondrial Dynamics

Haotian Wei,Xingyue Du,Shushu Xu,Qiuli Bo,Yanan Guo,Lihua Xu,Zhenglin Jiang,Xia Li,Yuan Yuan

Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) shows neuroprotective potential in cerebral ischemia–reperfusion (CIR) injury, but its variable efficacy suggests that the underlying cellular mechanisms remain incompletely defined. We previously showed that HBO suppresses microglial NLRP3 inflammasome activation after CIR injury in a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent manner; yet, how ROS couples to this effect remains unclear. Since mitochondria regulate ROS and inflammasome signaling, we investigated whether HBO modulates microglial mitochondrial dynamics in CIR injury. In adult male ICR mice (n = 71, 8–12 weeks) subjected to 60 min middle cerebral artery occlusion followed by 24 h reperfusion, HBO improved neurological function, reduced infarct area, and decreased ASC-positive microglia/macrophages. In lipopolysaccharide/nigericin-stimulated primary microglia, HBO suppressed IL-1β release, reduced mitochondrial fragmentation, preserved mitochondrial membrane potential, maintained mitofusin 2 (MFN2) protein level, and reduced DRP1 Ser616 phosphorylation without altering total DRP1 or FIS1 expression. MitoTEMPOL abolished HBO-mediated protection against mitochondrial fragmentation, MFN2 reduction, and DRP1 Ser616 phosphorylation in vitro. Edaravone, when combined with HBO, attenuated HBO-mediated neuroprotection and counteracted HBO-induced regulation of MFN2 and DRP1 Ser616 phosphorylation in vivo. These findings support ROS-dependent remodeling of microglial mitochondrial dynamics as a mechanism contributing to HBO-mediated suppression of inflammasome-associated inflammation after CIR injury.

CAS / MDL: 75-85-4
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Frontiers in Materials · 2026 · IF 3.5

ROS-responsive exosome–hydrogel dressing for synergistic antimicrobial and immunomodulatory therapy of infected diabetic wounds

Xuan Han,Linlin Zheng,Ping Ma,Yi Cao

IntroductionChronic diabetic wounds are frequently colonized by multidrug-resistant bacteria and are often trapped in persistent inflammation. However, few wound dressings can simultaneously eradicate infection and remodel the immune microenvironment to promote tissue repair.MethodsHere, we developed a reactive-oxygen-species (ROS)-responsive exosome-laden hydrogel that integrates on-demand antibacterial peptide release with immunoregulatory therapy. A ROS-cleavable antibacterial peptide (RA) was conjugated onto macrophage-derived exosomes via strain-promoted azide–alkyne cycloaddition to generate RAEXO. The physicochemical properties, cellular uptake, macrophage polarization, ROS-triggered antibacterial activity, local retention, therapeutic efficacy and biosafety of the RAEXO-loaded calcium alginate hydrogel (CaAGel@RAEXO) were systematically evaluated.ResultsRAEXO retained the morphology, size distribution and marker expression of native exosomes and were efficiently internalized by macrophages. RAEXO promoted Arg-1/IL-10–associated M2 polarization while suppressing iNOS, IL-1β and TNF-α expression, and exhibited potent bactericidal activity under ROS stimulation. Encapsulation of RAEXO into calcium alginate hydrogel yielded an injectable dressing with enhanced local retention and gradual peptide release in ROS-rich wound microenvironments. In a full-thickness infected diabetic wound model, CaAGel@RAEXO significantly reduced bacterial burden, accelerated wound closure, shortened healing time and restored well-organized epidermal and collagen structures, without obvious systemic toxicity.DiscussionThis ROS-responsive exosome–hydrogel hybrid provides a programmable therapeutic platform for the synergistic antimicrobial and immunomodulatory treatment of infected chronic diabetic wounds.

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