Polymer Chemistry
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2024
·
IF 4.1
Heng Wang,Weilu Ding,Zhencai Zhang,Yiwen Zhang,Zhao Yang,Mi Feng,Ming Jiang,Fei Xu
The synthesis of intraocular lenses (IOLs) with a high refractive index (RI) and good transparency to create patient-specific eye power is of primary importance, while the development of a novel IOL material, especially with outstanding optical characteristics and biocompatibility, is still an ongoing challenge. Herein, a bio-based poly(isosorbide thioether) (PITE) with excellent optical properties was developed as a novel IOL material and a new strategy for synthesizing high molecular weight PITE using ionic liquid catalysts was proposed. Compared to traditional IOLs (RI = 1.45–1.54), the synthesized bio-based PITEs showed the highest RI of 1.64 and an optical transparency of 93%, indicating that they were excellent optical materials. Furthermore, the resultant PITEs also exhibited ideal glass transition temperatures (Tg = 7.5–50.9 °C), good thermal stability (Td-5% > 312 °C) and excellent biocompatibility for L929 and HeLa cells. In order to achieve efficient synthesis of PITE, a series of functional ionic liquid catalysts were designed and synthesized. Among them, 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]-undec-7-en-8-ium lactate ([DBU][Lac]) in a trace amount (0.5 mol%) exhibited the highest catalytic performance, presenting a Mw value of up to 63.3 kg mol−1, higher than 7.4 kg mol−1 without an IL. Detailed mechanistic investigations using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations revealed that the “amphiphilic” character of ILs showed a cation–anion synergistic catalytic mechanism and then promoted nucleophilic hydrothiolation. The present study could provide enormous opportunities for the design and synthesis of bio-based optical polymers with high performance for IOLs, corneal contact lenses and other optical uses.
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JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
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2024
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IF 5.7
Liuying Zhu,Minghui Wang,Hongyan Li,Ting Luo,Zeyuan Deng,Jing Li,Liufeng Zheng,Bing Zhang
3′-Sialyllactose (3′-SL), a major acidic oligosaccharide found in human milk, has been investigated to improve cognitive-enhancing effects with 3 weeks old C57BL/6 mice by administering 3′-SL orally at a dose of 350 mg/kg/day for 6 weeks. Behavioral tests indicated that supplementation with 3′-SL promoted cognitive and memory development in young mice. Through interaction network and coenrichment analysis, nine differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to memory and cognition were identified and localized in the hippocampal tissue of mice. The intervention of 3′-SL significantly increased the metabolism of sialic acid in mouse hippocampal tissue and promoted the expression of learning-related genes (p < 0.05). Notably, it increased the expression of genes associated with neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM, p < 0.05), glutamate receptors, and fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR, p < 0.05). This suggests that 3′-SL may elevate polysialylated NCAM (PSA-NCAM) levels, which could subsequently interact with FGFR and glutamate receptors, thereby enhancing synaptic growth and plasticity. Additionally, 3′-SL altered the composition of the mouse intestinal microbiota. The synergistic action of gut microbiota and intestinal sialidase promoted the production of free sialic acid, providing essential nutritional elements for the development of the brain’s nervous system. In conclusion, our findings provide new insights into the promoting effect of 3′-SL on cognitive development in growing mice and elucidate its molecular mechanisms.
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FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2025
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IF 9.8
Wudan Cai,Shuai Chen,Xiao Zhang,Dan Wu,Xinyi Zhu,Honglin Zhu,Yangchao Luo,Qilin Huang
The current study aimed to investigate the effect of ultrasound assisted H 2 O 2 /Vc degradation on the digestive characteristics of Lignosus rhinocerotis polysaccharide (LRP) and gut microbiota regulation. Results showed that during in vitro digestion, no changes were observed in molecular weight ( M w ) of LRP and its antitumor activity remains stable. However, M w of degraded LRP (DLRP) slightly decreased from 45.66 × 10 4 Da to 36.61 × 10 4 Da with no free monosaccharides released, enhancing its antitumor activity. The supplementation with LRP or DLRP significantly elevated mice fecal water content and modulated microbiota composition. The total short chain fatty acids concentration of control, LRP, and DLRP groups were 20.07, 24.13, and 28.08 mmol/L, respectively. Compared with LRP, DLRP significantly increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Alloprevotella and Mucispirillum , exhibiting protective effects on intestinal health. This study provides a theoretical foundation for targeted regulation of intestinal flora by LRP and DLRP.
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ACS Catalysis
·
2025
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IF 13.1
Jie Ni,Jie Wei,Yeqi Yu,Ming-Hui Fan,Wanting Liu,Kwun Nam Hui,Yan Yan,Yan Liu,Yanqiang Huang,Jie Zeng
Hydroxylamine (NH2OH) is an important nitrogenous feedstock in the production of numerous valuable chemicals. The selective electroreduction of nitrate (NO3–) into NH2OH paves a promising avenue for the synthesis of NH2OH. Bi-based catalysts are regarded as the most promising candidates owing to the weak adsorption for NH2OH, preventing the further reduction of NH2OH. It is worth noting that Bi-based catalysts exhibited a dramatic activity gap in the acid and neutral/alkaline electrolytes toward the synthesis of NH2OH. Unfortunately, the mechanistic origin of pH-dependent NH2OH production has rarely been investigated, lacking an insightful interpretation on the atomic and molecular scale. Herein, taking Bi nanosheets (NSs) as a model catalyst, we investigated the underlying origin of the pH-dependent selectivity in NO3– electroreduction toward NH2OH production. The Faradaic efficiency (FE) for NH2OH of Bi NSs dramatically decreased from 86.6 to 12.0%, with the pH value ranging from 0 to 3. Combining the in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and theoretical calculations, we revealed that the dominant 4-coordinated hydrogen-bonded water in acid media favored the involvement of *H in the hydrogenation of *NO to *NHO, thereby facilitating the synthesis of NH2OH. Moreover, 10 kinds of amino acids were successfully synthesized by Bi NSs, demonstrating the wide universality of Bi nanosheets for the synthesis of amino acids.
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Food Frontiers
·
2025
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IF 6.9
Xiaole Zhao,Bing Zheng,Tianxiang Ao,Jianhua Xie,Yi Chen,Hesham El-Seedi,Hairong Huang,Baoting Liu,Qiang Yu
Polygonatum cyrtonema polysaccharide (PCP-80%) is one of the major active ingredients in Polygonatum cyrtonema . By establishing the type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rat model and applying multi-omics analysis, the present study aimed to explore the potential mechanism of PCP-80% to alleviate T2DM in terms of the interactions between intestinal microbiota and their metabolites. The results suggested that PCP-80% effectively improve the blood glucose and lipids levels, enhance intestinal barrier function. In addition, PCP-80% restored gut microbiota disorders, increased the secretion of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and enhanced bile acid (BA)-converting enzyme-rich microbiota abundance. Furthermore, PCP-80% intervention significantly ameliorated BA dysmetabolism while enhancing metabolic homeostasis in T2DM rats. These changes activated the G protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1 (TGR5) and farnesoid X receptor (FXR), triggering fibroblast growth factor 15 (FGF15) secretion to ameliorate T2DM-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction and glucose/lipid dysregulation. Mechanistically, PCP-80% exerted therapeutic effects through a microbiota-bile acid crosstalk axis, wherein gut microbiota remodeling enhanced bile acid metabolism and amplified TGR5/FXR-FGF15 signaling, ultimately restoring metabolic homeostasis in T2DM rats.
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Foods
·
2025
·Vol. 14
·期 13
·2390
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IF 5.1
Xi Peng,Yushi Wei,Deming Gong,Guowen Zhang
Background: Exploring new strategies to improve type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the frontier hotspots in the field of healthy food. Flavonoid–metal complexes have become one of the research hotspots in the field of health foods due to their unique structural and functional properties. Methods: In this study, the effect of hesperetin–copper(II) complex [Hsp–Cu(II)] on the gut microbiota of mice with T2DM was investigated by the 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing. Results: The analyses of α and β diversity indicated that the richness and diversity of gut microbiota in the T2DM mice decreased and the community structure was significantly different from the normal mice. Hsp–Cu(II) increased the abundances of the beneficial bacteria (Lactobacillus,Ligilactobacillus,Romboutsia,Faecalibaculum, andDubosiella), and decreased the amounts of the harmful bacteria (Desulfobacterota,Corynebacterium, andDesulfovibrio) and the ratio ofFirmicutes/Bacteroidetes(from 44.5 to 5.8) in the T2DM mice, which was beneficial for regulating the composition of intestinal microbiota. The linear discriminant analysis effect size analysis showed that the intervention of Hsp–Cu(II) made the short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) producers (o_Lachnospirales,f_Lachnospiraceae,g_Faecalibaculum,g_Romboutsia, andg_Turicibacter) and the lactic acid bacteria producers (f_Lactobacillaceaeando_Lactobacillales) highly enriched, and the production of its metabolite SCFAs (acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, and valeric acid) were increased in a dose-dependent manner, promoting the SCFA metabolism. Conclusions: Hsp–Cu(II) may improve glucose metabolic disorders and alleviate T2DM by modulating gut microbiota composition, promoting probiotics proliferation and SCFAs production, restoring intestinal barrier integrity, and suppressing local inflammation. These research findings may provide a theoretical basis for developing Hsp–Cu(II) as a new hypoglycemic nutritional supplement, and offer new ideas for the dietary food nutritional regulation to alleviate T2DM.
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ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
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2025
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IF 6
Yuling Li,Weiran Zhao,Xiang Xiang,YunLei Hu,Xiaoqiang Zhang,Wenjian Sun,Xiaoxuan Liu
Background Perturbed lipid metabolism in cellular environment plays an essential role in the progression of peripheral neuropathy, such as Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1A (CMT1A). Current deep-profiling of lipidome still has certain limitations for high-throughput analysis of clinical samples, such as low sensitivity, extensive requirement of instrument modification, technician-dependent pretreatment and lack of method-adapted data-processing software. Results Herein, a new generation aza-Prilezhaev aziridination (APA) reagent has been designed for coupling with high-resolution liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) to conduct comprehensive untargeted deep lipidomics of CMT1A disease. It facilitates large-scale lipid structural annotations over a wide polarity range in a single run with high-sensitivity. With the developed method, an extensive library containing information on retention time, m / z , and MS/MS down to C=C location levels for 393 unsaturated lipids of CMT1A was created. Significant disease-related differences in C=C isomer profiles were observed from the comparison of plasma between CMT1A patients (N=9) and controls (N=8). Specifically, 40 different lipids were identified, predominantly comprising n-6, n-7, and n-9 C=C positional isomers. Significance This innovative methodology would offer substantial potential to enhance diagnosis and therapeutic strategies for CMT1A and other diseases based on lipid isomerization information.
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Food Bioscience
·
2025
·
IF 5.9
Kai-Xin Jiang,Jin-Lei Geng,Qin Yuan,Jie Li,Wen Liu,Hong-Yan Liu,Yi-Chen Hu,Liang Zou,Shengpeng Wang,Ding-Tao Wu
Thinned unripe kiwifruit, a significant byproduct of commercial kiwifruit production, contains abundant pectic polysaccharides comparable to mature kiwifruit. Although acidic heteropolysaccharides from mature kiwifruit exhibit potent anti-inflammatory activity, the protective effects of unripe kiwifruit-derived pectic polysaccharides against ulcerative colitis (UC) remain unclear, ultimately limiting their potential utilizations. Therefore, to bridge this knowledge gap and facilitate their utilization, the chemical structures and anti-UC effects of two pectic polysaccharides, TKP (from unripe kiwifruit) and MKP (from mature kiwifruit), were systematically studied and compared. Results demonstrated that TKP and MKP share nearly identical primary chemical structures, predominantly comprising homogalacturonan (HG) and rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) domains. Particularly, TKP exhibited a longer side chain length (14.37 vs. 8.21) and higher RG-I content (73.62 mol% vs. 50.02 mol%) than MKP. Furthermore, both TKP and MKP significantly alleviated dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC in mice. Notably, TKP exhibited superior effects to MKP in several aspects, such as enhanced butyrate production, more effective restoration of goblet cell populations, enhanced upregulation of tight junction protein ZO-1, and greater reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α). Both TKP and MKP effectively suppressed pathogenic bacteria (e.g., Escherichia-Shigella and Oscillibacter ) while promoted beneficial bacteria (e.g., Akkermansia and Bacteroides ). Notably, TKP significantly and selectively enhanced Paraprevotella growth, an effect not observed within MKP. These differential effects between TKP and MKP may be linked to their structural differences. Collectively, these findings provide valuable insights to develop TKP as a promising functional food or ingredient for preventing and ameliorating intestinal inflammatory disorders.
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Foods
·
2025
·Vol. 14
·期 17
·2954
·
IF 5.1
Xiaolong Ji,Ke Jiang,Yuqing Liu,Chenyu Zhao,Jun Du,Liang Chen,Zhigang Zhu,Xiaoqiong Li
Recent studies have increasingly emphasized the regulatory potential of plant-derived polysaccharides on gut microbial composition and metabolic function. Despite this growing interest, investigations focusing specifically on the simulated digestion and fermentation properties of arecanut polysaccharide (PAP1b) remain limited. In this work, we employed the standardized INFOGEST 2.0 protocol to mimic the oral, gastric, and intestinal digestion of PAP1b, followed by 48 h anaerobic fermentation using pooled human fecal samples from healthy adult donors. PAP1b treatment led to a progressive decrease in pH and a substantial elevation in SCFAs levels, notably acetic, propionic, and butyric acids. Simultaneously, PAP1b significantly promoted the growth of SCFA-producing microbial taxa, particularly members of theFirmicutesphylum such asLachnospiraceae,Lachnoclostridium,Bilophila, andPhascolarctobacterium, while markedly suppressingBacteroidotapopulations. Metabolomic analysis further indicated that PAP1b intake enhanced bile acid metabolism, suggesting its potential as a prebiotic candidate for improving intestinal health.
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FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
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2025
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IF 12.4
Danni Chang,Xinzhong Hu,Zhen Ma
This study explores the temporal interaction between the multi-scale structural evolution of pea-derived resistant starches (RS) and gut microbiota dynamics using a dynamic in vitro colonic model. RS from germinated (GPRS, RS2) and extruded pea seeds (EPRS, RS3) were isolated and their molecular weight, crystallinity, and morphological transformations were characterized during 24-h fermentation. EPRS featured a porous, low-crystallinity matrix that enabled rapid microbial degradation, leading to an early enrichment of Bacteroidetes through starch utilization systems and propionate-dominant short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production. In contrast, GPRS preserved its structural integrity with higher molecular order, promoting gradual colonization by Firmicutes via ABC transporter-mediated oligosaccharide uptake and sustained butyrate production. Interestingly, EPRS exhibited higher total SCFAs production than GPRS during the 8-24 h fermentation period. Enzymatic profiling revealed substrate-dependent strategies: EPRS upregulated amylolytic enzymes (K01187) during initial Bacteroidetes dominance, whereas GPRS activated ABC transporters (K10111-K10112) for oligosaccharide internalization by Firmicutes. These results demonstrate that the structural organization of RS in pea seeds fundamentally governs microbiota-SCFAs interactions during colonic fermentation, with extrusion processing enhancing overall fermentability and germination maintaining the butyrate-producing activity. This mechanistic insight could provide a conceptual framework for the rational design of legume-derived prebiotics with tailored physiological benefits.
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BIOCHIMIE
·
2025
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IF 3
Wenbo Cao,Jun Tan
Comprehensive characterization of fatty acid (FA) structures has important value, as they are important components of cells and are crucial for cell structure and function. However, in view of the different structural possibilities of unsaturated FAs due to the carbon–carbon double bond (C C) location and its chemical configuration, there are still certain difficulties in characterizing unsaturated FAs with high structural specificity. In this work, we present a method based on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy for comprehensive characterization of unsaturated FAs. Combining 1D and 2D-NMR spectroscopy, it could provide diagnostic information specific to C C locations and stereochemistry of unsaturated FAs, facilitating FA isomers identification. Structural characterization of unsaturated FAs at the isomeric level has been validated by examination of multiple sample types through our proposed approach. The capability of the proposed method for relative quantitation of FA isomers utilizing its specific diagnostic peaks was also demonstrated. Unlike conventional approaches requiring both reference standards and extensive sample processing, the current proposed method represents a potential alternative by resolving unsaturated lipid structures at high structural level directly.
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
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2025
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IF 5.4
Yicai Wang,Junhui He
Solar energy is green and abundant, and solar cells are essential to realizing carbon neutrality. However, their power conversion efficiency (PCE) is greatly impacted by energy losses brought about by surface pollution, spectrum mismatch, and reflection. In the current work, robust liquid-like, down-shifting, and anti-reflective DSL/DT coatings were developed by a novel design for the first time. The down-shifting layer (DSL) is composed of CaMoO 4 : Eu 3 + nanocrystals, ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), and acid-catalyzed silica sol (ACSS), which can absorb and convert harmful UV energy (200–400 nm) into harvestable visible light (400–800 nm). On top of the DSL, a highly transparent liquid-repellent layer (DT) was created in situ utilizing diethoxydimethylsilane (DEDMS) and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as precursors. The DSL/DT coating has liquid-like characteristics as a result of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) flexible chains that are enriched on the coating surface. A gradient refractive index is achieved by the double-layer structure, which enhances the light transmittance of coated glass (T max =91.5 %) to 94.9 % in the wavelength range of 400–1100 nm. Furthermore, the three-dimensional network formed by Si-O bonds provides significant mechanical strength, with a pencil hardness of at least 8 H and an adhesion rating of 5 A. The coating also displays UV/sunlight/chemical stability, and could withstand water falling, sand impacting and 3 M tape peeling. The DSL/DT double-layer structure successfully overcomes the limitations of current down-shifting coatings that cannot meet the comprehensive performance requirements for practical scenarios, achieving multi-function integration, high transmittance and mechanical strength and representing a notable progress in the field of down-shifting coatings, and therefore opens a new avenue to the design and fabrication of multifunctional coatings of mitigated contamination and sustained performance suitable for solar panels.
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