MICROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2021
·Vol. 188
·期 5
·1-10
·
IF 5.833
Liu Hui,Huang Pengcheng,Wu Fang-Ying,Ma Lihua
A colorimetric assay for acid phosphatase (ACP) was constructed that is based on in situ polymerization of aniline catalyzed by gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Aniline can be polymerized by ammonium persulfate (APS) in acidic condition and form gold-polyaniline core-shell nanoparticles (Au@PANI NPs) in the presence of AuNPs with the assistance of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). AuNPs were also found to accelerate the polymerization process of aniline and thus shorten the reaction time. Upon the introduction of ascorbic acid (AA), the oxidant APS was consumed via the redox reaction. That led to the suppression of the formation of PANI. Consequently, ACP activity can be supervised on the basis of hydrolysis of 2-phospho-L-ascorbic acid trisodium salt (AAP) catalyzed by ACP to release AA. With the increase of ACP activity, the intensity ratio of the absorbance at λ 705 nm (A 705 ) and the absorbance at λ 530 nm (A 530 ) gradually decreased and the color gradually changed from dark-green to light-green to blue-gray to purple and eventually to pink. This method for ACP determination worked in the range 0.40 to 2.00 U·L −1 . The detection limit is 0.043 U·L −1 . The assay was applied to determine ACP in human serum. The recovery ranged from 81.0 to 104.6%. Relative standard deviation was less than 5%. This suits the request for biological sample analysis.
Schematic presentation of the colorimetric determination of acid phosphatase activity and inhibitor screening based on in situ polymerization of aniline catalyzed by gold nanoparticles. : acid phosphatase (ACP); : gold nanoparticles (AuNPs); : gold-polyaniline core-shell nanoparticles (Au@PANI NPs); ascorbic acid (AA); 2-phospho-L-ascorbic acid trisodium salt (AAP).
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SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
·
2021
·
IF 7.46
Junyang Chen,Shan Jiang,Mengke Wang,Xiaolei Xie,Xingguang Su
Herein, a ratiometric fluorescent nanoprobe was successfully fabricated through incapsulating quantum dots (QDs) and carbon dots (CDs) into the cavities of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 by self-assembly, which generated QDs/ [email protected] The QDs/ [email protected] nanoprobe combined the properties of metal − organic frameworks (MOFs) and ratiometric fluorescent nanoprobe, thus it possessed following advantages including strong adsorption and enrichment ability for the analytes, and the ability of eliminating interferences of environmental and instrumental factors. The fluorescence of QDs loaded in the cages of ZIF-8 was initially quenched by mercury ions. However, mercury ions could be reduced to mercury atom by ascorbic acid (AA), leading to the restoration of QDs fluorescence. Moreover, under the catalysis of ascorbate oxidase (AAO), AA was oxidized to dehydroascorbic acid that couldn’t reduce mercury ions, resulting in the fluorescence of QDs quenched again. Simultaneously, the fluorescence of CDs loaded in the ZIF-8 was not affected under above procedures. Hence, with QDs serving as reporter signal and CDs acting as stable reference signal, a ratio fluorescence platform was constructed for sensitive determination of AA and AAO with the linear calibration in the range of 0.01−0.2 μM and 0.05–4 U·L −1 and the detection limit of 4 nM and 0.02 U·L −1 , respectively.
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Insects
·
2021
·Vol. 12
·期 6
·507
·
IF 2.769
Yan Lu,Shouyu Zhang,Shibo Sun,Minghuo Wu,Yongming Bao,Huiyan Tong,Miaomiao Ren,Ning Jin,Jianqiang Xu,Hao Zhou,Weiping Xu
Simple SummaryBlack soldier fly larvae (BSFL) have received global research interest and industrial application due to their high performance on the organic waste treatment. However, the substrate C/N property, which may affect larvae development and the waste bioconversion process greatly, is significantly less studied. The current study focused on the food waste treatment by BSFL, compared the nitrogen supplying effects of 9 nitrogen species (i.e., NH4Cl, NaNO3, urea, uric acid, Gly, L-Glu, L-Glu:L-Asp (1:1,w/w), soybean flour, and fish meal), and further examined the C/N effects on the larval development and bioconversion process. We found that NH4Cl and NaNO3led to poor larval growth and survival, while 7 organic nitrogen species exerted no harm to the larvae. Urea was further chosen to adjust the C/Ns. Results showed that lowering the C/N from the initial 21:1 to 18:1–14:1 improved the waste reduction and larvae production performance, and C/N of 18:1–16:1 was further beneficial for the larval protein and lipid bioconversion, whereas C/N of 12:1–10:1 resulted in a significant performance decline. Therefore, the C/N range of 18:1–16:1 is likely the optimal condition for food waste treatment by BSFL and adjusting food waste C/N with urea could be a practical method for the performance improvement.AbstractBiowaste treatment by black soldier fly larvae (BSFL,Hermetia illucens) has received global research interest and growing industrial application. Larvae farming conditions, such as temperature, pH, and moisture, have been critically examined. However, the substrate carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N), one of the key parameters that may affect larval survival and bioconversion efficiency, is significantly less studied. The current study aimed to compare the nitrogen supplying effects of 9 nitrogen species (i.e., NH4Cl, NaNO3, urea, uric acid, Gly, L-Glu, L-Glu:L-Asp (1:1,w/w), soybean flour, and fish meal) during food waste larval treatment, and further examine the C/N effects on the larval development and bioconversion process, using the C/N adjustment with urea from the initial 21:1 to 18:1, 16:1, 14:1, 12:1, and 10:1, respectively. The food wastes were supplied with the same amount of nitrogen element (1 g N/100 g dry wt) in the nitrogen source trial and different amount of urea in the C/N adjustment trial following larvae treatment. The results showed that NH4Cl and NaNO3caused significant harmful impacts on the larval survival and bioconversion process, while the 7 organic nitrogen species resulted in no significant negative effect. Further adjustment of C/N with urea showed that the C/N range between 18:1 and 14:1 was optimal for a high waste reduction performance (73.5–84.8%,p< 0.001) and a high larvae yield (25.3–26.6%,p= 0.015), while the C/N range of 18:1 to 16:1 was further optimal for an efficient larval protein yield (10.1–11.1%,p= 0.003) and lipid yield (7.6–8.1%,p= 0.002). The adjustment of C/N influenced the activity of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD,p= 0.015), whereas exerted no obvious impact on the larval amino acid composition. Altogether, organic nitrogen is more suitable than NH4Cl and NaNO3as the nitrogen amendment during larval food waste treatment, addition of small amounts of urea, targeting C/N of 18:1–14:1, would improve the waste reduction performance, and application of C/N at 18:1–16:1 would facilitate the larval protein and lipid bioconversion process.Keywords:nitrogen source;carbon to nitrogen ratio;food waste;urea;black soldier fly larvae;Hermetia illucens
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ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2021
·
IF 6.901
Junlin Ma,Zewei Cui,Yuhang Du,Qianlong Xu,Qinghua Deng,Nan Zhu
Wearable devices have attracted great interest in practical applications, satisfying controllable size and comfortable human-computer interaction environment. Regarding as two core parts in electrochemistry, it is essential to explore an effective and simple integration process of wearable biosensors and supercapacitors. Herein, flexible electrochemical biosensors and supercapacitors based on Prussian blue/Reduced graphene oxide (PB/RGO) ink (PRG ink) have been fabricated via facile screen printing technique. As-prepared biosensors not only possess stable response to substrates, but also exhibit excellent sensing performance towards hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and ascorbic acid (AA), revealing promising prospects in practical use (e.g., juice or VC tablet samples). Meanwhile, multifunctional PRG ink enables supercapacitors with competitive capacitive characteristics. Significantly, electron transfer (ET) of electrocatalysis has been particularly discussed and evaluated during electrochemical biosensing and charge-discharge process. Prospectively, these flexible integrated devices would make attractive electrochemical platforms for highly-efficient and cost-effective wearable biosensors and supercapacitors in further application.
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ANALYST
·
2021
·Vol. 146
·期 9
·2862-2870
·
IF 4.616
Weidi Sun,Xue Han,Fengli Qu,Rong-Mei Kong,Zilong Zhao
The development of sensitive methods for alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity analysis is an important analytical topic. Based on the stimulus-responsive lanthanide coordination polymer, a simple ratiometric fluorescence sensing strategy was proposed to detect ALP activity. A carbon dot (CD) doped fluorescent supramolecular lanthanide coordination polymer (CDs@Tb-GMP) was prepared with Tb3+ and the ligand guanine single nucleotide (GMP). To construct a ratiometric fluorescence biosensor, the fluorescence of Tb-GMP was used as a response signal, and the fluorescence of CDs was used as a reference signal due to its good stability. When excited at 290 nm, the polymer network Tb-GMP emits characteristic fluorescence at 545 nm, while the CDs encapsulated in the polymer network emit fluorescence at 370 nm. After adding ALP to the system, the substrate GMP can be hydrolyzed by ALP, resulting in the destruction of the polymer network. Accordingly, the fluorescence of Tb-GMP significantly decreased, while the fluorescence of CDs slightly increased due to their release from the polymer network. By comparing the relationship between the fluorescence intensity ratio of the two signals and the concentration of ALP, sensitive detection of ALP could be achieved with the linear range from 0.5 to 80 U L−1 and a detection limit of 0.13 U L−1. Furthermore, the proposed ratiometric sensing system was applied to the detection of ALP in human serum samples with desirable results, indicating potential application in clinical diagnosis.
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SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
·
2021
·
IF 7.46
Zhenfei Chen,Yan Zhang,Yongqiang Yang,Xuerong Shi,Lu Zhang,Guangwen Jia
The determination of organophosphorus pesticide (OPS) residues is of great importance in reducing environmental pollution and ensuring food safety. A high-performance nitrogen-doped holey graphene (N-HG) electrochemical sensor for determination of methyl parathion (MP; one of the most commonly used OPS) based on a hierarchical macro- and nanoporous 3-D architecture has been successfully developed. The influence of various N-configurations on electron transfer kinetics and the sensing performance of the N-HG modified electrode was investigated systematically through combined practical and theoretical studies. Three N-bonding configurations were investigated in N-HG, namely, pyridinic N, pyrrolic N, and graphitic N. It was found that N-HG with a high pyrrolic-N content exhibited the largest electron transfer rate and the best sensing performance (ultralow detection limits: 3.5 pg·ml −1 ; wide linear range: 1 ng ml −1 –150 μg·ml −1 ), indicating that pyrrolic-N in the N-HG played a critical role in the electrochemical process and in enhanced electrocatalysis, as confirmed by first-principle calculations. Furthermore, the N-HG based sensor exhibited excellent selectivity and freedom from interference, good accuracy and satisfactory recoveries for real samples, confirming N-HG based electrochemical sensors have great scope for applications in environmental analysis and bio-sensing.
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RSC Advances
·
2021
·Vol. 11
·期 15
·9021-9028
·
IF 3.361
Meifang Wang,Jing Lin,Jiawei Gong,Mingchen Ma,Hongliang Tang,Jiyang Liu,Fei Yan
Direct and accurate detection of doxorubicin (DOX) in unprocessed human whole blood is of vital importance in medical diagnosis and monitoring. In this work, we demonstrate the utilization of electrochemically pretreated glassy carbon electrodes (p-GCE) modified with vertically-ordered mesoporous silica films (VMSF) for rapid and sensitive electrochemical detection of DOX. The electrochemically pretreated process is a simple, cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach for improving interface catalytic properties and introducing oxygen-containing groups into the GCE surface, which could be suitable for stably growing VMSF without any adhesive layer simultaneously retaining the underlying electrode activity. Benefiting from the highly sensitive electrode substrate of p-GCE and electrostatic preconcentration effect of VMSF, the present VMSF/p-GCE sensor was able to determine DOX with an ultrahigh sensitivity (23.94 μA μM−1) and a relatively low limit of detection (0.2 nM) and a rather wide linear range (0.5 nM to 23 μM). Furthermore, direct and reliable electrochemical detection of DOX in human whole blood without complicated sample pretreatments was achieved owing to the excellent anti-fouling and anti-interference ability of VMSF.
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ELECTROANALYSIS
·
2021
·Vol. 33
·期 6
·1471-1483
·
IF 3.223
Shufang Ren,Runyan Feng,Shounian Cheng,Qingtao Wang,Zhixiang Zheng
Ti 3 C 2 T X MXene was synthesized by exfoliating pristine Ti 3 AlC 2 phase with hydrofluoric acid. The simple methods of mechanical mixing and drop-casting of Ti 3 C 2 T X and MWCNTs were carried out to prepare sensing electrode of Ti 3 C 2 T X /MWCNTs/GCE. The composite and topography, especially the surface functional groups of Ti 3 C 2 T X /MWCNTs were analyzed by XRD, SEM, FTIR, XPS, and Raman spectrum. The results turned out that Ti 3 C 2 T X was characteristic by accordion-like 2D nanostructure with the surfaces terminated with −OH, −F, and =O. When combining with acid pretreated, the interaction between the functional groups of Ti 3 C 2 T X and MWCNTs facilitated the convenience and reproducibility of the robust modified electrodes and could make Ti 3 C 2 T X /MWCNTs/GCE possess good synergistic catalytic acceleration by increasing the electron transfer efficiency as well as adsorption and aggregation of MOP analyte onto the electrode surface. Versatile electrochemical measurements of CV, DPV and EIS were used to investigate the electrochemical performance of Ti 3 C 2 T X /MWCNTs/GCE sensing platform. The linear detection range is 0.01–100 μM with the limit of detection of 0.0092 μM (S/N=3). The sensor has good stability, repeatability, reproducibility and anti-interference. In the detection of serum and urine samples, it has a good recovery rate.
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JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
·
2021
·
IF 4.464
Kewei Meng,Xiaomin Hu,Yuanyuan Zhang,Ting Zeng,Qijin Wan,Guosong Lai,Xinyue Chen,Nianjun Yang
Quantitative analysis of biologically important compounds plays extraordinary roles in diagnostic studies of human health. In this study, a versatile electrochemical sensing platform is proposed for selective quantification of ascorbic acid (AA), dopamine (DA), uric acid (UA), acetaminophen (AC) and l -tryptophan (Trp). Such a platform is based on a nanocomposite of FeOOH nanorod and expanded graphite (FeOOH nanorod/EG), prepared through a hydrothermal process. The characterization of its morphology and electrochemical properties by means of microscopic methods and electrochemical techniques reveals that this nanocomposite exhibits outstanding electrocatalytic activity and sensing performance toward these bioanalytes. A combined action between EG and FeOOH is confirmed, where the former provides a huge electroactive surface area as well as a fast electron transfer rate, while the latter features strong electrical catalytic ability. This platform exhibits high sensitivity toward voltammetric quantitation of AA, DA, UA, AC and Trp, and their detection limits are 3.28, 0.22, 0.02, 0.0014 and 0.03 μM (S/N = 3), respectively. Beyond that, the proposed FeOOH nanorod/EG electrochemical sensing platform shows good selectivity, high reproducibility and stability in the quantitative analysis of these bioanalytes. The established sensing platform has been also successfully adopted in analyzing these bioanalytes in real biological serum and urine samples or commercial drugs. Consequently, the fabricated FeOOH nanorod/EG nanocomposite is a promising electrode material in the applications of sensing different bioanalytes.
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JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
·
2021
·Vol. 102
·期 5
·2032-2040
·
IF 3.639
Chunmei Wei,Qilong Wang,Wen Weng,Michael Adu-Frimpong,Elmurat Toreniyazov,Hao Ji,Ximing Xu,Jiangnan Yu
BACKGROUND This study focused on the development of a self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) to improve, potentially, the solubility and oral bioavailability of liquiritin (LQ). METHODS The solubility of LQ in different types of excipient, namely oils (OLs), emulsifiers (EMs), and co-emulsifiers (CO-EMs), was evaluated, and a pseudo-ternary phase diagram (PTPD) and the formulation optimization were established. The prepared self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system of liquiritin (LQ-SNEDDS) was assessed using droplet size (DS), zeta potential (ZP), polydispersity index (PDI), droplet morphology, drug release in vitro , and oral bioavailability. RESULTS After the dilution of the LQ-SNEDDS, a transparent nanoemulsion was obtained with an acceptable DS (24.70 ± 0.73 nm), ZP (−18.69 ± 1.44 mV), and PDI (0.122 ± 0.006). The LQ-SNEDDS that was developed had a better release rate in vitro than the free LQ suspension. Pharmacokinetic evaluation showed that the relative oral bioavailability of LQ-SNEDDS was increased by 5.53 times, and LQ-SNEDDS exhibited a delayed half life and longer retention time in comparison with those of free LQ. Similarly, LQ-SNEDDS had a better urate lowering effect and provided better organ protection than free LQ at the same dose ( P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The incorporation of LQ into SNEDDS could serve as a promising approach to improve the solubility, oral bioavailability, and anti-hyperuricemic effect of LQ. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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TALANTA
·
2021
·
IF 6.057
Xiao Yang,Pengcheng Zhao,Zhonggui Xie,Meijun Ni,Chenxi Wang,Pingping Yang,Yixi Xie,Junjie Fei
A nanocomposite of ordered mesoporous carbon/nickel oxide (OMC-NiO) was synthesized by hard-templating method. The nanocomposite remained ordered mesostructure and high surface area with the NiO nanocrystals embedded in the wall of the OMC. A sensitive sensor for electrochemical detection of epinephrine (EP) was developed with GCE modified by OMC-NiO nanocomposite. Cyclic voltammogram (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) were used as the techniques to explore the electrochemical behavior of EP on OMC-NiO/GCE surface. The result showed that the electrode demonstrated better electrocatalytic performance to EP compared to that seen at OMC/GCE. Under the optimum condition, DPV measurements of the electrode response displayed a linear detection range for 8.0 × 10 −7 to 5.0 × 10 −5 M with a detection limit of 8.5 × 10 −8 M (S/N = 3). It is worth noting that the electrocatalytic redox mechanism of EP on the electrode have studied through experiments and calculations (cyclic voltammetry and molecular electrostatic potential distribution). Moreover, the electrocatalytic behavior for the oxidation of EP and uric acid (UA) on OMC-NiO/GCE surface was investigated. The result showed that the sensor can be used to selectively determinate EP in the presence of an excesses of UA. Finally, the developed sensor was successfully applied to the determination of EP in spiked human blood serum and EP injection with satisfactory results.
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BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
·
2021
·
IF 10.618
Lihang Zhu,Shuang Li,Wenxin Liu,Jing Chen,Qiwen Yu,Zhen Zhang,Yi Li,Jun Liu,Xing Chen
As an oxidase stress biomarker, 3-nitrotyrosine is closely associated with many cardiovascular diseases. Thus, early diagnosis and real time detection of 3-nitrotyrosine at bedside are highly important. Herein, we developed a handheld electrochemiluminescence (ECL) analysis device, which integrates printed circuit board (PCB) for electrical stimulation and smartphone for optical signals readout. Fast and accurate determination of 3-nitrotyrosine was achieved with Antibody/Ru(dcpy) 3 2+ @AuNPs/MoS 2 modified Au electrode (Ab/Ru@AuNPs/MoS 2 ) for ECL analysis. The linear range of 3-nitrotyrosine detection was from 10 −8 mol/L to 10 −6 mol/L with a detection limit of 8.4 × 10 −9 mol/L. In addition, an Android application was developed to realize real time analysis of ECL emissions and results readout for detection. To confirm the usage of the device, spiked serum with different concentrations was tested and the results indicated the practical reliability and stability of this device. The operating procedure for ECL analysis in this device is extremely easy and electrical stimulation was adjustable from 0 V to 5 V for general ECL systems. Thus, we believe this handheld device for ECL analysis has extensive prospects for application in Point-of-care testing and health caring.
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危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）