Processes
·
2026
·Vol. 14
·期 17
·2708
·
IF 3.4
Xiaoqian Li,Haojie Song,Xiaohua Jia
The sturdy and stable unique polyhedral structure of FeOOH nanoparticles facilitates stress and load transfer, thereby forming a tighter mechanical interlock at the carbon fiber–matrix interface. In this work, the FeOOH nanocrystal layer in situ grown on flexible carbon fiber cloth was rationally designed and fabricated through hydrothermal synthesis. Then, the non-covalent cation–π bond was constructed at the interface between the iron ion-loaded FeOOH nanoparticles and indole-based poly(hexahydrotriazine) (In-PHT). Owing to the collaborative effects of physical anchoring and chemical bonding, the resultant composite exhibited an outstanding tensile strength of 322 MPa, and the friction coefficient significantly decreased by 63% compared with the composites without FeOOH nanoparticles. Moreover, the resultant worn composite showed an excellent self-healing property owing to the introduction of polyethylene wax (PEW) with a low melting point, and the healed friction coefficient remained almost unchanged. Extensive analyses verify that the phase-separated structure and Fe3+–π interactions across multiscale interfaces achieve the combined advantages of wear resistance and durability for recyclable carbon fiber-reinforced poly(hexahydrotriazine) composites (PHT-CFRPs).
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EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF LIPID SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2026
·Vol. 128
·期 9
·e70142
·
IF 2.4
Yunping Yao,Zehui Zhang,Bingxin Li,Changmo Li
Accurate qualitative and quantitative determination of free radicals during lipid oxidation, which is the core process of edible oil quality deterioration and essentially a free radical chain reaction, is of crucial importance. To overcome this problem, we developed and validated an analytical method for the specific characterization of key radicals in lipid oxidation. These radicals (R•, RO•, and ROO•) were trapped using N-tert -butyl-α-phenylnitrone under iron-mediated conditions, leading to the formation of stable adducts that were subsequently analyzed by LC–MS/MS–IT–TOF. This method offers good sensitivity with low limits of detection (0.06–0.15 µM) and limits of quantification (0.20–0.50 µM). Density functional theory calculations further confirm that the reaction proceeds readily and yields thermodynamically stable products. When applied to the methyl linoleate oxidation system, the method demonstrated that methyl linoleate alkyl radical (L•) predominated during oxidation, with its concentration peaking at 3.74 × 10 −2 mM (accounting for up to 70% of radicals) at 4 h followed by a decline due to chain termination reactions, whereas methyl linoleate peroxyl radicals (LOO•) concentration stabilized as oxidation progressed (1.46 × 10 −2 mM, 27% of radicals), and methyl linoleate alkoxyl radicals (LO•) remained at a consistently low concentration (1.58 × 10 −3 mM) owing to its preferential conversion via the β-scission pathway. These results were consistent with electron spin resonance (ESR) data, thereby validating the method's reliability. Consequently, this method enables the precise monitoring of lipid oxidation processes, serving as a valuable tool for assessing antioxidant efficacy in lipid science. Practical Applications : We present an analytical method integrating N-tert -butyl-α-phenylnitrone (PBN)-based spin trapping with LC–MS/MS–IT–TOF for direct tracking of key lipid radicals (L•, LO•, and LOO•) throughout the lipid oxidation process. This method addresses a long-standing technical gap in lipid oxidation research, providing a robust, practical tool for both high-throughput screening of high-efficacy antioxidants and rational design of stable lipid-containing food formulations. By bridging fundamental analysis and product development, our technique has clear real-world implications for extending the shelf life of lipid-based foods, offering significant value to food chemistry research while delivering substantial economic and sustainability benefits to the global food industry.
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Small Methods
·
2026
·
IF 8.7
Shuqi Lu,Xiaoxin Shen,Jiali Wang,Jiawei Yan,Yurong Zeng,Siyuan Wei,Yanting Zheng,Zanyong Zhuang,Yan Yu
Incorporating high-density mesoporosity into single crystals has long posed a fundamental challenge, as traditional pore-engineering methods inevitably impair long-range crystalline order. Here, we repurpose an inherent crystallographic defect—the Jahn–Teller distortion (JTD)—as a programmable tool for encoding mesoporosity within monodisperse metal–organic framework (MOF) single crystals. As proof of concept, by incorporating metastable Mn 3+ ions and regulating their releasing from lattice through simple kinetic levers (time and temperature), we can directly “write” an interconnected mesopore network with tunable pore size of 5–30 nm into uniform Prussian blue analogs (PBAs) single crystals (37–272 nm) while completely retaining their structural integrity. This internally encoded porosity enhances mass transport and confines reactive intermediates, boosting catalytic efficiency as demonstrated for ciprofloxacin oxidation. Time-resolved X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS) spectroscopy reveals the atomic scale origin of this process: contraction of the Mn-N bond from 1.46 to 1.39 Å directly links the relief of JTD strain to pore evolution. Thus, simple kinetic parameters such as temperature and time function as powerful and readily adjustable handles for precise porosity programming. This work may offer a generalizable strategy for rationally engineering porosity in a wide range of crystalline materials, with promising implications for sustainable energy and environmental applications.
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ADVANCED MATERIALS
·
2026
·
IF 29.1
Shengxi Jiang,Huijia Nong,Chen Song,Yujia Zheng,Peiji Yang,Huabin Liu,Dongyi Feng,Yuhuizi Han,Mohan Wang,Lili Jiang,Xiong Lu,Chaoming Xie,Leyu Wang
Myocardial infarction (MI) creates a hostile microenvironment characterized by oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis, and electrical conduction block, posing a multifaceted challenge for tissue repair. To address this, we developed a multifunctional hydrogel (Gel-PDZC), through an artificial neural network (ANN)-guided optimization process, incorporating nanoparticles comprising a ZIF-8@CaO 2 core for sustained oxygen release, a polydopamine (PDA) interlayer for adhesion and antioxidant activity, and a conductive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) shell. The hydrogel exhibits a unique “adhesion-electrocoupling” effect, where robust tissue adhesion facilitates a pseudocapacitive charge injection mechanism. This not only enables active electrical intervention in the avascular scar but also leverages the endogenous myocardial electric field to restore the hydrogel's antioxidant properties. In a rat MI model, the Gel-PDZC hydrogel comprehensively remodeled the myocardial interstitial microenvironment. It alleviated hypoxia, reduced oxidative stress and apoptosis, suppressed pro-inflammatory C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2 + ) macrophages recruitment and promoted electrical coupling between resident CCR2 − macrophages and cardiomyocytes (CMs), inhibited fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition via the PI3K/AKT pathway, and stimulated angiogenesis. These coordinated cellular and molecular changes translated into substantial functional recovery, evidenced by restored epicardial electrical propagation, improved electromechanical coupling, and a significant increase in cardiac function. Our findings demonstrate that this ANN-optimized, adhesive-electrocoupling hydrogel provides a comprehensive and synergistic solution for repairing the infarcted heart.
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Advanced Energy Materials
·
2026
·
IF 25.5
Xinren Zhang,Jing Wang,Hao Xiong,Jing Sun,Xiao Ma,Zelin Ma,Rong Zhuang,Jiaying Yang,Tengfei Cao,Hongqiang Wang,Fei Xu
Aqueous Zn-MnO 2 batteries are promising for large-format energy deployment due to their inherent safety and environmental compatibility. Nevertheless, their commercial implementation is critically bottlenecked by the elusive proton co-insertion mechanism at the cathode, in contrast to the relatively well-understood anode stability. Herein, we unveil the underlying H + -storage phenomenon within MnO 2 via a tailored hydrogen-bond intervention strategy. Our findings reveal that the catastrophic capacity degradation originates squarely from the second discharge plateau, which is intrinsically governed by the hydrogen-bond network. By reinforcing the hydrogen-bond environment, we effectively modulate proton intercalation kinetics and suppress the excessive H + flux that otherwise triggers structural collapse. While traditional aqueous electrolytes lead to severe manganese dissolution and irreversible vacancy formation, our strategy preserves the structural integrity of the MnO 2 ’s 2 × 2 tunnel framework. Theoretical calculations confirm that the incorporation of H + into α-H x MnO 2 weakens the Mn─O bonds with notable vacancy formation. Leveraging these mechanistic insights, we demonstrate Zn-MnO 2 pouch cells under stringent practical conditions—high areal capacity (2.62 mAh cm −2 ), restricted N/P ratio (2.2), and lean electrolyte (30 µL mAh −1 )—yielding a specific energy of 167 Wh kg −1 . Meanwhile, this electrolyte demonstrates an excellent one-year cycling lifespan at −10°C. This work provides insight for high-performance aqueous batteries.
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MOLECULES
·
2026
·Vol. 31
·期 16
·2818
·
IF 5.1
Ning Sun,Xinyu Guo,Enxi Li,Yan Zhou,Shuli Yin,Peizhe Cui
In this study, five levulinic acid-based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were evaluated for the ultrasound-assisted extraction of curcuminoids fromCurcuma longa. The relationship between DES composition, intermolecular interactions, and extraction performance was investigated by combining extraction experiments with spectroscopic characterization and quantum chemical calculations. The levulinic acid–ethylene glycol system at a 1:2 molar ratio exhibited the best performance, achieving an extraction yield of 99.9 mg·g−1. FTIR and1H NMR analyses characterized the interactions within the DES, while SEM observations indicated structural disruption of the turmeric matrix after ultrasound treatment. Molecular analyses suggested that hydrogen bonding and van der Waals interactions contributed to the association between the DES and curcuminoids. These results provide molecular insights into the extraction process and a basis for designing greener solvent systems for curcuminoid extraction.
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MOLECULES
·
2026
·Vol. 31
·期 17
·2946
·
IF 5.1
Jie Teng,Yuzhen Zhang,Xiangbo Ma,Wencheng Zhu,Pu Li,Mingguo Peng
17β-Estradiol (E2), a highly bioactive steroid estrogen, poses potential ecological risks even at trace concentrations in aquatic environments. In this study, a nanoconfined Co-based catalyst (Co@Cin) was employed to activate peracetic acid (PAA) for efficient E2 degradation. Microscopic and spectroscopic characterizations indicated that Co-containing species were highly dispersed within the CNT-based architecture, while the graphitic tubular framework was largely preserved. Compared with PAA alone, CNTs, Co@Cinalone, and the externally loaded Co@Cout/PAA system, Co@Cin/PAA exhibited substantially faster E2 degradation. Pseudo-first-order kinetic analysis further demonstrated the enhanced degradation kinetics of the internally confined system. Importantly, ICP analysis showed comparable Co loadings for Co@Cinand Co@Cout, while Co@Cinretained a markedly higher Co-normalized apparent kinetic activity, indicating that its enhanced performance cannot be explained simply by differences in total Co loading. Moreover, Co@Cinexhibited substantially lower Co leaching than Co@Coutand maintained considerable catalytic activity over five consecutive cycles, demonstrating improved stability of the confined Co species. The degradation performance was influenced by initial E2 concentration, catalyst dosage, PAA concentration, and pH, while Cl−and NO3−showed negligible effects and humic acid and CO32−caused only moderate inhibition. Scavenging experiments and controlled TEMP-EPR measurements with appropriate blank and control systems supported a dominant contribution of singlet oxygen (1O2), with radical pathways playing only minor roles. The enhanced performance is therefore associated with the nanoconfined reaction environment, which promotes efficient PAA activation while stabilizing the Co species. This work extends nanoconfinement-regulated PAA oxidation to the treatment of the highly bioactive steroid estrogen E2 and provides a quantitative assessment of the activity–stability advantages of internally confined Co species.
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Foods
·
2026
·Vol. 15
·期 17
·3002
·
IF 6
Min Li,Yulin Wang,Huajuan Yin,Xu Jing,Yunlong Li
Triazole fungicides (TFs) are widely used in cereal production due to their potent fungicidal activity and broad-spectrum efficacy. Nonetheless, residues of TFs in food products may pose risks to food safety and human health. Therefore, the development of efficient and environmentally friendly sample preparation methods is paramount for the reliable determination of TFs. Herein, a novel green solvent-based dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction method coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography (DLLME-HPLC) was developed for the determination of TFs in cereal samples. The prepared magnetic deep eutectic solvents (MDESs), composed of nonanoic acid and ferric hydroxide, served as green, magnetically responsive extraction solvents, enabling rapid magnetic separation without centrifugation. Four bio-based solvents (BBSs) were investigated as green dispersive solvents to facilitate the dispersion of MDESs and replace conventional toxic organic dispersants, thereby further enhancing the environmental sustainability of the extraction procedure. Owing to the combined effects of hydrophobic interactions, hydrogen-bonding networks, and magnetic responsiveness, the proposed method achieved efficient extraction and rapid phase separation while minimizing solvent consumption and operational complexity. The greenness of the method was evaluated using multiple green analytical chemistry metrics, confirming its low environmental impact, reduced waste generation, and improved operational safety compared with conventional DLLME procedures. Under optimized conditions, the method was successfully applied to determine TFs in rice, wheat, corn, buckwheat, and oat samples, achieving recoveries ranging from 75.0% to 101.9% and relative standard deviations of 1.6–4.8%. The developed DLLME method provides a rapid, sensitive, and environmentally friendly strategy for cereal pesticide residue analysis and expands the application of MDESs and BBSs in green sample preparation.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2026
·Vol. 18
·期 35
·48234-48243
·
IF 7.8
Wang Xiang,Zhang Xinyu,Li Le,Cai Qingyun,Liu Yu,Zhen Deshuai
Uranium-contaminated aqueous systems pose severe threats to life and health due to their combined chemical toxicity and radioactivity, particularly through bioaccumulation in the food chain. In this study, a novel near-infrared (NIR)-driven ratiometric fluorescent probe (UCNRs@COF) was fabricated by surface-growing a covalent organic framework (COF) onto upconversion nanorods (UCNRs). The synergistic effect between the COF and UCNRs significantly enhanced the upconverted red emission, enabling the composite to emit dual fluorescence peaks at 480 nm and 650 nm under 980 nm excitation. The intensity ratio ( I 650 / I 480 ) exhibited a linear relationship with UO 2 2+ concentration in the range of 1−45 μM, achieving a detection limit of 66 nM. Mechanistic studies confirmed that UO 2 2+ quenches the fluorescence of UCNRs@COF via a synergistic process of intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) and static quenching (SQE). The developed sensor demonstrates high sensitivity and selectivity for detecting UO 2 2+ in water, urine, and food samples. Furthermore, a portable smartphone-based sensing platform was developed for the visual detection of UO 2 2+ , enabling visible color changes under 980 nm excitation. This method offers accurate and selective sensing of UO 2 2+ , highlighting its potential for practical applications across various fields.
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SENSORS
·
2026
·Vol. 26
·期 16
·5291
·
IF 4
Xiaoqin Zhang,Hongbin Zhu,Hao Liu,Jin Cao,Han Shi,Shanyuan Niu
Methanol is a critical molecular marker for the early aging of oil-paper insulation, and its rapid detection is highly valuable for insulation condition assessment and the fault warning of power transformers. Widely used chromatographic methods require sophisticated pretreatment workflow and are not suitable for in situ monitoring. Non-destructive spectroscopic methods remain challenging due to the intrinsically small cross section of trace molecules in complex liquid environments. The rapid, direct detection of trace methanol in an oil mixture has yet to be demonstrated. In this study, a high-performance Raman-enhancing substrate was developed through hierarchical microstructure regulation, combining microscale light-trapping structures and nanoscale field-confinement sites to sense the weak Raman response of methanol in transformer oil. Direct detection of ppm-level methanol in the oil matrix was achieved, without additional adsorption enrichment or other complicated pretreatment procedures. The characteristic Raman band of methanol in transformer oil was identified, and a quantitative sensing method was established. Furthermore, the intrinsic temperature-dependent Raman response of methanol was investigated to evaluate the stability of its characteristic fingerprint bands over a broad temperature range. This work demonstrates a rapid, sensitive, and pretreatment-free spectroscopic strategy for trace methanol detection in complex oil matrices, and also sheds light on the high-sensitivity detection of small molecular markers in complex liquid environments.
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SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS
·
2026
·
IF 6.6
Yaqi Liu,Biao Luo,Yun Xu,Dexiang Liu,Qiujing Wang
Ischemic stroke (IS) remains a leading cause of global disability and mortality, with limited effective anti-inflammatory interventions. Targeting histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) to reprogram microglial polarization holds great therapeutic promise, but the HDAC3-specific inhibitor RGFP966 suffers from poor blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration and systemic toxicity. Herein, we developed a pH-responsive brain-targeted lipid nanoparticle (CD-TLNP@RGFP966) by integrating T7 peptide modification for BBB transcytosis and cinnamaldehyde-α-cyclodextrin (CA-αCD) encapsulation for acidic lesion-triggered drug release. CD-TLNP@RGFP966 exhibited favorable colloidal stability, biosafety, and pH-dependent release behavior. It efficiently crossed the BBB, accumulated in ischemic brain tissue, promoted microglial M2 polarization, attenuated neuroinflammation, reduced infarct volume, and improved neurological function in tMCAO mice. This study provides a novel targeted nanocarrier strategy for the anti-inflammatory treatment of IS.
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AICHE JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 4.4
Peixin Zhang,Chaoming Hu,Zhenglong Zhu,Zhenwei Zhou,Hao Wang,Jingwen Chen,Shixia Chen,Zhenyu Zhou,Shuguang Deng,Jun Wang
The practical application of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) for CO 2 capture requires balancing high efficiency, cyclability, and scalable production. Herein, we report a novel MOF adsorbent, Cu 3 (ntrz) 2 (ox) 2 , which allows for low-cost and scalable synthesis in aqueous solutions under ambient conditions. Its tailored large pocket-like cavities interconnected by narrow pore apertures provide exceptional CO 2 adsorption capacities of 6.80 and 3.48 mmol g −1 at 1.0 bar and 0.15 bar (298 K), achieving a record-high VPSA working capacity of 5.03 mmol g −1 within 0.05–1.0 bar. Shaped pellets retain 95% CO 2 adsorption capacity and good mechanical strength, fulfilling industrial requirements. Experimental VPSA analysis demonstrates that a 15% CO 2 gas-stream can be enriched to 91.37% and 95.06% with productivities of 0.402 and 1.86 m 3 t −1 h −1 within 0.08–1.0 bar and 0.08–6.0 bar, outperforming zeolite 13X. The adsorption behaviors and mechanisms are elucidated via Grand Canonical Monte Carlo and dispersion-corrected density functional theory simulations.
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危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）