JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
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2026
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IF 3.1
Yilin Gao,Wang Xi,Hongtao Wang,Ming Gao,Ligang Tang
In this study, inspired by the adhesive proteins of mussels, a series of microencapsulated flame retardants M-DA@APP were prepared by coating ammonium polyphosphate (APP) with dopamine (DA) via coordination with metal ions, and then incorporated into epoxy resin (EP). The effects of these modifiers on the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of EP composites were systematically investigated. The results show that APP modified with Fe 3+ or Ni 2+ coordination exhibited excellent flame-retardant performance in EP. Specifically, the Fe-DA@APP/EP composite achieved a limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 30.1% and passed the UL-94V-0 rating. Cone calorimetry tests revealed that M-DA@APP significantly reduced the heat release rate, total heat release, and smoke production. The flame-retardant mechanism is mainly attributed to the metal-ion-catalyzed formation of a dense, highly graphitized char layer, which effectively insulates heat and oxygen. Moreover, owing to the improved interfacial compatibility between APP and the EP matrix enabled by the M-DA coating, the impact strength, tensile strength, and elongation at break of the composites were notably enhanced, overcoming the negative effect of conventional APP on mechanical performance. This work offers a promising strategy for developing efficient, environmentally friendly epoxy resin composites with superior flame retardancy and mechanical properties.
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
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2026
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IF 3.1
Zibo Du,Wen Zhao,Jianlei Qi,Shuyu Wang,Yang Su,Yanping Wang
Surface contamination on photovoltaic glass severely degrades its power-generation efficiency, thereby making the development of transparent anti-soiling coatings an important research direction. Herein, a poly (methylmethacrylate)/1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane/SiO 2 (PMMA/PFOTS/SiO 2 ) organic–inorganic hybrid transparent superhydrophobic anti-fouling coating is developed via a one-step sol–gel method. The coating exhibits a stable Cassie-Baxter state with high water contact angle (155.2° ± 1.1°) and a low sliding angle (4.8° ± 0.7°), demonstrating excellent superhydrophobic characteristics. Optical tests demonstrate an average transmittance of 87.6% in the 400–2500 nm range and only 8.3% external quantum efficiency (EQE) attenuation at 800 nm compared to photovoltaic devices, significantly outperforming commercial superhydrophobic coatings (58.3% attenuation). This enables synergistic gains in dust resistance and photon capture efficiency. Additionally, after 24 h immersion in alkaline solution, the coating hydrophobicity is enhanced, with WCA increasing to 165.1° ± 1.4°. We believe that the designed superhydrophobic coating with integrated functionalities of self-cleaning, high transmittance, and alkali-induced self-enhancement can provide important solutions for maximizing the long-term power generation efficiency of photovoltaic glass in complex outdoor environments.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
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2026
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IF 3.1
Bo Zhu,Shijie Xu,Yu Feng,Weijie Xu,Ji Liu,Xinlao Wei
Surface flashover is a common insulation failure in high-voltage equipment. Conventional anti-flashover coatings can raise flashover voltage, but scratches and microcracks often reduce their long-term reliability because most coatings cannot repair damaged interfaces. Here, a self-healing anti-flashover coating was prepared by introducing β-cyclodextrin–adamantane host–guest units into a fluorocarbon resin (FEVE) matrix. Quantum chemical calculations, molecular dynamics simulations, and electrical tests were used to examine host–guest stability, trap regulation, charge dissipation, scratch healing, and DC flashover behavior. The β-CD–Ad inclusion structure was thermodynamically favorable and remained stable during simulation. HG incorporation changed the surface trap distribution of FEVE and promoted charge transport by introducing high-density shallow traps. The 10 wt% HG/FEVE coating showed the best overall performance, with a DC flashover voltage 15.12% higher than that of pure FEVE. After damage and water-assisted repair, it retained 96.57% of its flashover performance. The improved performance is attributed to two coupled effects: reversible host–guest interactions help close damaged interfaces, while shallow-trap-dominated charge transport reduces surface charge accumulation and local electric-field distortion. This work offers a route for designing repairable anti-flashover coatings for high-voltage insulation.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
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2026
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IF 3.1
Usman Muhammad,Rulong Lv,Xuan Cao,Yun Wei
Conductive hydrogels have emerged as superior candidates for flexible electronics owing to their flexibility, biocompatibility, and self-healing properties. Nonetheless, challenges persist, including water evaporation upon exposure to air, leading to a reduction in flexibility. Moreover, conventional hydrogels rapidly absorb water, resulting in permanent destruction of their structure and electrical characteristics. Organogels have emerged as a viable solution to address these limitations. Herein, a multifunctional organogel was synthesized via the solvent exchange method, exhibiting outstanding stretchability, remarkable environmental stability, and good self-healing properties. The HA 3 PAmSm-PG organogel demonstrated a toughness of 2.45 MJ m −3 , an elongation at break of 1621%, and a tensile strength of 0.258 MPa. Furthermore, a HA 3 PAmSm-PG organogel-based multifunctional strain sensor was constructed, which showed excellent ability for real-time motion detection, underwater finger flexion motion sensing, and gesture recognition of humans by monitoring the movements of humans with outstanding sensitivity and accuracy even in multiple environments, such as in air and water. Moreover, a HA 3 PAmSm-PG organogel-based pressure sensor was constructed, displaying exceptional efficiency in the immediate detection of handwritten mathematical digits and English letters. This versatile organogel showed excellent potential in multifunctional human–machine interaction and human health monitoring applications.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
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2026
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IF 3.1
Shuailing Wang,Qi Li,Yuxi Zheng,Feng Wang
Donor–acceptor (D–A) conjugated polymers have emerged as promising photocatalysts for hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) production due to their unique optoelectronic properties. While extensive studies have explored the impact of D/A structures on photocatalytic H 2 O 2 production performance of conjugated polymers, the role of the linkage structure in modulating photocatalytic activity was rarely investigated. In this study, three D–A conjugated polymers, including ethylene-linked PSO-CC, imine-linked PSO-CN, and azo-linked PSO-NN, have been designed and synthesized by Suzuki coupling reaction. Remarkably, although the linkages differ by a single atom, the three polymers exhibit significantly different optoelectronic characteristics and charge transfer kinetics. It was revealed that photogenerated electrons preferentially migrated to the N sites in imine and azo linkages in PSO-CN and PSO-NN, respectively, thereby increasing photocatalytic H 2 O 2 production activity. The moderate polarized polymer PSO-CN shows excellent photocatalytic performance with an H 2 O 2 production rate of 1.43 mmol g −1 h −1 in pure water without any sacrificial agent. Theoretical investigation demonstrates that the imine linkages in PSO-CN serve as the active sites for photocatalysis. This work highlights the critical role of linkage electronic properties in modulating photocatalytic H 2 O 2 production performance for D–A conjugated polymers.
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
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2026
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IF 3.1
Heng Li,Dongwei Chu,Mingming Zhou,Huiyu Zhao,Jiule Gong,Lange Li,Wei Zhao,Jingjiang Sun,Qingfu Wang
4,4′-Diaminodiphenylmethane (MOCA)-based cast polyurethane (CPU) elastomers possess excellent mechanical properties but often exhibit insufficient wear resistance under high-load or abrasive conditions. To address this, surface-modified silica nanoparticles (D-SiO 2 ) were prepared using (N, N-dimethyl-3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane (DAPS) and incorporated into the CPU matrix via a solvent-assisted casting method. The introduced tertiary amine and organic groups on D-SiO 2 facilitated covalent bonding and hydrogen bonding with the CPU, significantly enhancing interfacial compatibility and dispersion uniformity. At an optimal loading of 0.3 wt%, the composite achieved a remarkable tensile strength of 59.1 MPa and an elongation at break of 394.75%, representing a substantial improvement over the neat CPU (44.2 MPa, 376.33%). Furthermore, the wear resistance was notably enhanced, with the abrasion volume reduced by 34% compared to the unfilled system, while the friction coefficient remained stable. This work demonstrates that low-loading, surface-modified silica can effectively reinforce MOCA-based CPUs, offering a viable strategy for developing high-performance MOCA-based CPU elastomers.
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
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2026
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IF 3.1
Xiaolin Qiu,Xiaojing Chen,Ziqian Ding,Lingli Gu
To overcome the intrinsic limitations of polymer-based phase change gels, including low thermal conductivity, supercooling, and insufficient mechanical robustness, self-healing hydrogel-based form-stable phase change materials (FPCMs) were designed by in situ polymerization of graphene oxide (GO)- or aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 )-enhanced 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([Emim][BF 4 ]) nanofluids within a dynamic poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-UPyMA) network. The incorporation of quadruple hydrogen-bonding UPy motifs endowed the polymer network with intrinsic self-healing capability and mechanical adaptability. Uniformly dispersed GO and Al 2 O 3 nanofillers significantly enhanced heat transport and crystallization behavior. At optimized loadings, the nanofluids exhibited markedly suppressed supercooling, and the phase transition temperature of the FPCMs could be effectively tuned by adjusting ionic liquid content, with melting point shifts exceeding 5°C. GO-based FPCMs completely eliminated supercooling, while Al 2 O 3 -based systems achieved an over 85% reduction. High latent heat values above 230 J/g were retained, together with thermal conductivity enhancements exceeding 140% compared to the neat ionic liquid. Benefiting from the dynamic polymer network, the FPCMs showed excellent self-healing performance, with strength recovery exceeding 80% and good durability upon repeated damage–healing cycles. This work highlights a polymer network engineering strategy for constructing multifunctional FPCMs with tunable thermal behavior, efficient crystallization regulation, and mechanical resilience for thermal energy storage applications.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
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2026
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IF 3.1
Yu Zeng,Lu Tang,Fangfang Guo
Fluorosilicone rubber (FSR) has emerged as a promising matrix for actuator composites, while the trade-off between dielectric performance and mechanical robustness restricts its practical applications. Herein, we report a series of FSR/Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene composites modified with nano-sized BaTiO 3 (nBT) and micro-sized BaTiO 3 (μBT) to investigate the size-dependent effects of BaTiO 3 on composite performance. Owing to the coordination effect between MXene and BaTiO 3 , uniform dispersion of fillers was achieved, and the composites exhibited thermal stability exceeding 400°C. The FSR/MXene composite with 8 phr (parts per hundred rubber) nBT showed a tensile strength of 486 kPa, elongation at break of 194%, and elastic modulus of 356 kPa, superior to the μBT-modified composite. It also possessed a higher dielectric constant (12.85 at 10 3 Hz) and lower dielectric loss (0.00522) than μBT-modified counterparts, attributed to stronger interfacial polarization and less particle agglomeration. Notably, an actuated strain of 19.58% at 45 kV mm −1 was achieved, 35.7% higher than the μBT-modified composite. This work reveals that BaTiO 3 particle size significantly regulates the synergistic interaction between ceramic particles and conductive MXene, providing a feasible strategy for designing high-performance FSR-based composites toward soft actuator and sensor applications.
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
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2026
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IF 3.1
Yangyi Ou,Peng Zhang,Yang Sheng,Yixin Sun,Rong Zhang
Silk fibroin (SF) derived from Bombyx mori is a promising natural biopolymer for biomedical applications. However, its practical utility is hindered by processing challenges including spontaneous gelation and poor post-lyophilization solubility, primarily attributed to β-sheet formation within its molecular structure. In this study, alkaline hydrolysis was employed to reduce the molecular weight of SF and partially disrupt its hydrophobic domains responsible for β-sheet formation, thereby enhancing the stability of its aqueous solution and the solubility of its lyophilized powder. The hydrolyzed SF was subsequently functionalized with dopamine and integrated into a poly(acrylic acid-co-acrylamide) network to fabricate a bioadhesive hydrogel. Results demonstrated that the alkaline hydrolysis process effectively preserved SF's primary structure while retaining its intrinsic biocompatibility. The dopamine grafting significantly boosted the material's reactivity, resulting in a composite hydrogel with exceptional mechanical strength; its tensile modulus was 3.2 times higher than that of native SF, along with superior tissue adhesion performance, achieving an adhesive strength of 148 kPa on porcine skin. These findings demonstrate a robust strategy for engineering advanced bioadhesive materials from natural silk proteins.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
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2026
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IF 3.1
Ying Ou,Chun-Chun Huang
Microporous polymer electrolytes (MPEs), which combine solid mechanical stability with liquid-like ion transport capabilities, have attracted considerable attention as an alternative solution to safety concerns in lithium-ion batteries. To address the trade-off between high liquid uptake and mechanical robustness in MPEs, this work employs PEGO-fluidized rigid-rod polymer-poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) ( f -PPTA) to reinforce PVDF-HFP. A series of PVDF-HFP/ f -PPTA microporous membranes was prepared via phase inversion. The PEGO ionic segments in f -PPTA contribute to good dispersibility and compatibility with the PVDF-HFP matrix, allowing the rigid-rod PPTA skeleton to fully exert its reinforcement effect. Moreover, due to the strong hydrogen-bonding interactions between the PEGO segments and non-solvent ethylene glycol, the prepared membrane exhibits a finer and more compact microporous structure, with significantly enhanced porosity and liquid absorption capacity. The resulting PVDF-HFP/ f -PPTA membrane enables a high ionic conductivity of 1.68 mS cm −1 at 20°C. Li-ion half-cell comprising Li/PVDF-HFP/ f -PPTA-4/LiCoO 2 delivers high charge–discharge capacity of 140 mAh g −1 and shows satisfactory rate and cycle performance.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
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2026
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IF 3.1
Liang Tang,Jingfeng Huang,Xiangying Chen,Zhongjie Zhang
This study prepared high-performance PBAT/starch composite films using biodegradable PBAT, starch, and a ternary deep eutectic solvent (DES) composed of glycerol/choline chloride/citric acid. The films were fabricated via in situ plasticization of starch with DES, melt blending, and film blowing. With 1.13 parts citric acid, 10.13 parts total DES, and 20% starch, the composite film achieved a longitudinal tensile strength of 19.63 MPa and elongation of 449%, and a transverse tensile strength of 20.75 MPa and elongation of 500%. Compared to the traditional glycerol-plasticized system (8.43/8.77 MPa), strength increased by over 130%; compared to the binary DES system (15.07/15.45 MPa), strength further increased by over 30%. The composite film also showed good thermal stability within the processing range (150°C–160°C), and the water contact angle was significantly improved, demonstrating high strength, toughness, enhanced hydrophobicity, and good thermal stability. The ternary DES effectively disrupts the crystalline structure of starch for efficient plasticization, and the citric acid it contains may trigger interfacial esterification crosslinking between starch and PBAT, thereby enhancing two-phase compatibility and stress transfer efficiency. This developed film has application potential in biodegradable packaging, disposable products, and environmentally friendly daily-use films.
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
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2026
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IF 3.1
Bing Zhao,Hongyang Deng,Keping Chen,Dedi Kang,Ningning Song,Yewei Xu,Shuen Liang
Polyurea (PUA) elastomers have been widely applied in impact protection fields owing to their excellent mechanical properties. However, the influences of hydrogen bonding structures on the mechanical properties of PUA elastomers under quasi-static and dynamic loadings remain unclear. Herein, two small molecular amines, hexamethylene diamine and oxalyl dihydrazide, with identical molecular weight and different molecular structures were used as chain extenders to obtain PUA elastomers with quadruple and sextuple hydrogen bonding structures, respectively. Hydrogen bonding and micro phase separated structures of PUA were characterized by FTIR and SAXS. Quasi-static mechanical performances, including tensile strength, elastic modulus, and energy dissipation capability, are significantly enhanced with increasing content and hydrogen bonding multiplicity of hard segments. Under dynamic loadings, the storage/loss moduli increase markedly with increasing content and hydrogen bonding multiplicity of hard segments in a wide temperature range. In the 0–7000 s −1 strain rate range, PUA with sextuple hydrogen bonding structure shows enhanced compressive stress and more pronounced strain rate sensitivity. The glass transition temperature/frequency is almost unaffected by the content and hydrogen bonding multiplicity of hard segments. This work provides valuable insights for molecular design of PUA elastomers with tailored impact protection performance.
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高影响因子
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