International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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2022
·Vol. 20
·期 1
·671
·
IF 4.614
Yameng Ma,Jia Zhu,Jianghua Yu,Yicheng Fu,Chao Gong,Xiao Huang
Phosphorus widely existing in rainfall and wastewater impacts the water environment. In this study, sludge, cement block, and coal fly ash were employed as ceramsite material to synthesize Al-doped waste ceramsite (Al-ceramsite) for removing phosphate (PO43−-P) from aqueous solutions. Batch static adsorption–desorption experiments were designed to investigate the effect of various parameters such as Al-ceramsite dosage, PO43−-P concentration, temperature, initial pH, coexisting ions, and desorbents on the removal of PO43−-P. Also, the fate of PO43−-P removal efficiency in actual rainwater was studied through dynamic adsorption column experiments using Al-ceramsite. Results showed that Al-ceramsite could remove PO43−-P efficiently under the optimum parameters as follows: Al-ceramsite dosage of 40 g/L, initial PO43−-P concentration of 10 mg/L, temperature of 25 °C, and pH of 5. Besides that, the Al-ceramsite could completely remove PO43−-P in actual rainwater, and the effluent PO43−-P concentration was lower than the environmental quality standards for surface water Class Ⅰ (0.02 mg/L). The adsorption characteristics of Al-ceramsite on PO43−-P by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were further explained. As a result, ligand exchange and complexation were confirmed as the main PO43−-P removal mechanism of Al-ceramsite. Thus, Al-ceramsite was prepared from industrial waste and has shown excellent potential for phosphorus removal in practical applications.Keywords:phosphate;ceramsite;adsorption;desorption;column experiment
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PubMed
高影响因子
PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS
·
2019
·Vol. 44
·期 12
·1600-1607
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IF 1.634
Daixiong Zhang,Rui Pei,Xiofei Peng,Qing Xiang,Xia Wang
In this study, nano-Al/Fe 2 O 3 bilayer was successfully formed via aqueous electrophoretic deposition (EPD) route for the first time. For this formation, the first layer of nano-Fe 2 O 3 was prepared by EPD using the bi-additive of 0.015 mM HCl+10 mg L −1 PEI, and then the second layer of nano-Al was immediately prepared by EPD using 5 mg L −1 PEI as additive. The electrophoretic nano-Al/Fe 2 O 3 bilayer had high heat release of ∼2800 J g −1 and exhibited good combustion performance. In comparison with the previous work realized by using organic-solvent-EPD, we believe this study can pave a new way for preparing the bilayers of nanothermites or metallic reactive materials by more cost-effective and environment-friendly aqueous EPD route.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
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2019
·
IF 4.175
Xu Guan,Zheng Zhou,Ping Luo,Fengshun Wu,Shijie Dong
Al-rich alloys prepared by milling and melting were characterized by a range of instrumental analysis techniques and employed for hydrolytic hydrogen production. The hydrolysis reaction of each Al-rich alloy with water was measured. The hydrolysis properties of Al-rich alloys prepared by milling method were superior to those prepared by melting method with same composition. In particular, the Al-5wt%Ga-3wt%In-5wt%Sn alloy prepared by milling featured better hydrolysis properties than that obtained by melting, achieving a hydrogen yield of 1146.0 mL g −1 and a maximum hydrogen generation rate of 840.0 mL min −1 g −1 in tap water within 10 min at 25 °C and atmospheric pressure. Moreover, the phase compositions, chemical states, elemental distributions, and thermal behaviors of melting and milling samples were investigated, and the activation mechanism was discussed as well.
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Journal of Materials Chemistry A
·
2018
·Vol. 6
·期 36
·17713-17723
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IF 9.931
Xiang Ke,Shuangfeng Guo,Gensheng Zhang,Xiang Zhou,Lei Xiao,Gazi Hao,Ning Wang,Wei Jiang
In this study, to improve the safety in the preparation process of energetic materials, vacuum freeze-drying technology is applied to develop nanoenergetic thin films in which Al nanoparticles (Al NPs) are used as the fuel and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) powders act as the oxidant. The whole process effectively avoids high temperature and thus ensures operational safety. The morphology and composition characterizations confirm that Al NPs are dispersed uniformly in the hydrophobic energetic binder, endowing the films with increased water-proof, anti-aging and anti-corrosion characteristics. The results of thermal analysis show that a pre-ignition reaction (PIR) destroys the Al2O3 shell and a sharp exothermic peak from the reaction between the exposed Al core and PVDF is found before the melting point of Al. Combustion tests reveal that the film with the highest content of Al NPs possesses the fastest flame propagation speed. The preliminary reaction mechanism obtained by probing the reaction products and intermediates suggests that a two-step reaction exists when the film is slowly heated in N2, while a competitive reaction between oxidation and fluorination of Al NPs is observed when the film burns in air. These results indicate the promising potential of vacuum freeze-drying technology in manufacturing nanoenergetic materials.
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高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2017
·
IF 2.986
Hanqin Liang,Kaihui Zuo,Yongfeng Xia,Dongxu Yao,Jinwei Yin,Yuping Zeng
Lu-Al-Si-O-N tapes with different thickness were used to join gas pressure sintered Si 3 N 4 ceramics. The microstructure of the joints and the influences of the joint thickness and joining temperature on the bonding strength of the as-joined Si 3 N 4 ceramics have been investigated. The highest bonding strength about ~ 300 MPa of the joined specimens was achieved by using 450 µm interlayer at 1450 °C. The existence of Si 3 N 4 nanowires was beneficial for the improvement of the bonding strength by interweaving the oxynitride glass matrix in the joint region.
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高影响因子
FUEL
·
2024
·
IF 6.7
Ruixuan Xu,Jiaxing Xu,Zhihua Xue,Qi-Long Yan
Modulation of burning rates and inhibition of aluminum agglomeration in solid propellants have generated considerable research interest in the field of energetic materials. In this paper, integrated Al/oxidizer composites have been prepared by a spray-drying technique, which offer intimate contact between the fuel and oxidizers . The morphologies, thermal stability, density, heats of explosion and combustion performance of the resulted solid propellants containing these Al-based composites were systematically investigated, where the condensed combustion products (CCPs) analysis and the agglomeration behavior of Al particles have been focused. After well control of the Al/oxidizers structure, 9 % higher explosion heat, 58 % higher pressurization rate and 65 % stronger flame radiation intensity were achieved in comparison to the conventional solid propellants with the same formulation. The burn rate of the propellants can also be well controlled by using different type of Al/oxidizers composites, in the range of 3.6–5.9 mm s −1 under 0.5 MPa and 9.2–10.9 mm s −1 under 15 MPa. More importantly, very low burn rate pressure exponent of 0.1 within 0.5–15 MPa was obtained. Inspired by decreasing size of CCPs, the evolution of Al on the burning surface was studied and the agglomeration inhibition was observed, whose potential mechanism was then proposed and elucidated.
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FUEL
·
2024
·
IF 6.7
Yuxiang Li,Kaili Zhang
Aluminum powder is widely used as a high-energy fuel in the domain of energetic materials, while the oxidation kinetics of Al is limited by the oxide shell on the particle surface which acts as a reaction barrier. Recently, transition metal fluorides have emerged as an intriguing type of fluorine-containing oxidizers which can improve reactivity of Al through interfacial fluorination. However, most previous research focused on micron-sized fluorides, while the reactivity of nanosized fluoride in energetic composite was rarely studied. In this work, nanosized NiF 2 (∼100 nm) was synthesized through a facile and safe approach, and it was coupled with nanosized and micron-sized Al powders to form energetic composites. Regardless of dimension of Al, Al/NiF 2 composite exhibited higher specific heat release, higher reaction efficiency, and lower reaction temperature than that of corresponding Al/NiO composite. Post-characterizations suggested that elemental Ni and AlF 3 were produced from the reaction of Al/NiF 2 composite at 710 °C, and AlF 3 was found to evaporate over 900 − 1050 °C. The long-term stability of energetic composites was evaluated through a real-time aging test for 12 months, and only slight energy degradation (<7.5 %) was founded in Al/NiF 2 composite. Concerning combustion behavior, Al/NiF 2 composite showed relatively low flame brightness but a comparable pressure generation compared to Al/NiO composite, which is presumably attributed by the endothermic evaporation of AlF 3 . A notable finding is that hybrid Al/NiF 2 /NiO composite exhibits superior pressure output, and this composite is rather explosive even for small charge amount, which shows the potential as a novel primary explosive.
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Nanoscale
·
2012
·Vol. 4
·期 6
·2150-2156
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IF 5.914
Na Li,Jin-Gui Wang,Jian-Xiong Xu,Jin-Yu Liu,Hui-Jing Zhou,Ping-Chuan Sun,Tie-Hong Chen
Hydrothermally stable mesoporous aluminosilicates Al-SBA-1 with hierarchical pore structure have been successfully synthesized under alkaline condition at 120 °C by employing organic mesomorphous complexes of polyelectrolyte (poly(acrylic acid) (PAA)) and cationic surfactant (hexadecyl pyridinium chloride (CPC)) as template. The Si/Al ratio could be as high as 5 and the incorporation of Al into the silica framework did not disturb the well-ordered cubic Pmn mesostructure. Meanwhile, the incorporation of Al could greatly increase the specific surface area and pore volume of the samples. The Al-SBA-1 materials exhibited a high hydrothermal stability and remained stable even after being treated in boiling water for 10 days. The catalytic activity of the Al-SBA-1 materials was investigated by employing the Friedel–Crafts alkylation of toluene with benzyl alcohol as a model reaction and they exhibited excellent catalytic property due to the incorporated acid sites and the hierarchically mesoporous structure.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
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2015
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IF 2.999
Renping Cao,Wenjie Luo,Qingqiang Xiong,Aihui Liang,Shenhua Jiang,Yongchun Xu
LiRGe 2 O 6 :xMn 4+ (R = Al or Ga) (0 ≤ x ≤ 1.0 mol%) phosphors are synthesized by solid-state reaction method in air, and their crystal structures, luminescence properties, and fluorescence lifetimes are investigated. Their photoluminescence (PL) bands peaking at ∼ 670 nm owing to the 2 E → 4 A 2 transition of Mn 4+ ion cover the region from 620 to 750 nm (λex = 289 nm), and photoluminescence excitation (PLE) bands (λem ≈ 670 nm) are observed in the range of 200–550 nm. With excitation 289 nm, PL intensity of LiAlGe 2 O 6 :0.6%Mn 4+ phosphor is far stronger than that of LiGaGe 2 O 6 :0.6%Mn 4+ phosphor owing to the influence of crystal field. The optimal Mn 4+ ions concentration is ∼0.6 mol%. The fluorescence lifetime and quantum efficiency of LiAlGe 2 O 6 :0.6%Mn 4+ and LiGaGe 2 O 6 :0.6%Mn 4+ phosphors are ∼1.55 ms, 68.5 μs, 32%, and 15%, respectively. Luminous mechanism, the temperature quenching mechanism, and the influence of crystal field to luminous properties are analyzed and discussed, respectively. The experiment results are helpful to develop other novel Mn 4+ -doped phosphors.
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高影响因子
APPLIED CLAY SCIENCE
·
2014
·
IF 2.703
Weiya Huang,Jie Chen,Fei He,Jinpeng Tang,Dan Li,Yi Zhu,Yuanming Zhang
Zirconium-pillared montmorillonite (Zr-Mt) and zirconium/aluminum-pillared montmorillonite (Zr/Al-Mt) were prepared by intercalating Zr 4 + and Zr 4 + /Al 3 + polyhydroxy-cations into the interlayer spaces of natural montmorillonite (Mt). Zr-Mt and Zr/Al-Mt exhibited greater specific surface areas and pore volumes, as compared with Mt. In particular, the enhancement in the phosphate removal performance of Zr/Al-Mt was more significant in terms of phosphate adsorption capacity and rate, in relation to Zr-Mt. Herein, several important parameters, such as contact time, temperature, initial solution pH and competing anion, were investigated in detail to evaluate the phosphate adsorption performances of Zr/Al-Mt. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model fitted our acquired phosphate adsorption data best, in comparison with the use of the pseudo-first-order or the pseudo-third-order kinetic model. The Langmuir model appeared to fit the adsorption process better than that of the Freundlich model, with a maximum phosphate adsorption capacity of 17.2 mg P/g at 25 °C. The thermodynamic parameters (ΔG°, ΔH° and ΔS°) were also determined, which revealed that the phosphate adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic in nature. A high adsorption capacity was observed at pH = 3.0, which decreased by increasing pH. The presence of competitive ions, e.g. Cl − , NO 3 − , and SO 4 2 − , slightly impacted the phosphate adsorption; whereas the introduction of CO 3 2 − caused the greatest adverse effect. The study on the Zr/Al-Mt leaching strongly suggested that the risk of Zr 4 + leakage during adsorption process be negligible within a wide pH range of 3.0–9.0. After three adsorption-desorption cycles, there was no significant loss in the adsorption performance of Zr/Al-Mt.
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Journal of Energy Storage
·
2024
·
IF 8.9
Yifei Chen,Meng Li,Qin Zhu,Wei Bai,Xiaofang Liu,Mingwu Xiang,Junming Guo,Jintao Liu
The Jahn-Teller effect and Mn dissolution always restrict the practical electrochemical properties of spinel LiMn 2 O 4 cathode material. Herein, a low-temperature solid-state combustion method is employed to synthesize various truncated octahedral LiZn 0.03 Al x Mn 1.97- x O 4 ( x ≤ 0.08) with submicron structure. The Zn/Al dual-doping is conducive to forming {110} and {100} planes, and is also beneficial to the crystal development of LiMn 2 O 4 . It is found that as the amount of Al doping increases, the average particle size gradually decreases from 188 nm to 113 nm. In addition, the Zn/Al co-doping integrated with small particles can improve the high-rate performance. The optimal LiZn 0.03 Al 0.03 Mn 1.94 O 4 exhibits submicron truncated octahedral morphology, high crystallinity , and good particles dispersibility . Benefiting from these structure merits, the LiZn 0.03 Al 0.03 Mn 1.94 O 4 delivers the first discharge capacity of 113.1 mAh⋅g −1 and low capacity fade of 9.9 % after 300 cycles at 1C. It also shows the high first discharge capacity of 86.6 mAh⋅g −1 at 10C and the high capacity retention of 72.1 % after 2000 cycles. Even at ultrahigh current density of 15C and 20C, the ultralong cycling lifespans over 2000 cycles are also achieved in LiZn 0.03 Al 0.03 Mn 1.94 O 4 cathode material. The excellent electrochemical properties are ascribed to its relatively high Li + diffusion coefficient (1.60 × 10 −11 cm 2 ⋅s −1 ) and low apparent activation energy (25.45 kJ⋅mol −1 ) during the de-intercalation process. The Zn/Al dual-doping and submicron truncated octahedron designs of the LiMn 2 O 4 provide a scientific reference to prepare high-performance cathode materials.
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MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
·
2024
·
IF 4.3
Kang Chen,Mili Liu,Yongan Li,Shiqian Zhao,Xinxuan Cheng,Jincheng Huang,Jing Zhao,Lang Gan,Yanjie Ren,Liuzhang Ouyang
Aluminum (Al) and lithium borohydride (LiBH 4 , LB for short) are highly promising candidates for chemical hydrogen storage . However, the direct utilization of Al–H 2 O reaction faces significant challenges due to the inherent issue of surface passivation , which prevents the ongoing reaction between Al and H 2 O. Additionally, the hydrolysis of LB is constrained to temperatures exceeding 0 °C, and the development of cost-effective catalysts that enable efficient hydrogen release from LB hydrolysis remains a bottleneck in realizing its practical application. Herein, we present an efficient noncatalytic hydrogen generation system utilizing Al and LB mixtures, enabling H 2 production over a broad temperature range using methanol, ethanol, or their mixtures as reaction solvents. Our results demonstrate that the H 2 generation kinetics of Al-LB composites can be precisely tailored by adjusting various parameters, such as LB content, ball-milling time, reaction temperature, and solution composition. In comparison with the traditional Al and its alloy systems , Al-LB composites exhibit remarkable performance in both hydrogen capacity and H 2 kinetics. For instance, the Al-50 % LB composite achieves a hydrogen yield of 2322 mL g −1 H 2 within 5 min (∼80 % fuel conversion). Specifically, with a 70 % LB content, the composite generates over 3100 mL g −1 H 2 within the same time, realizing nearly 90 % fuel conversion. Notably, the apparent activation energy of the Al-30 % LB and Al-50 % LB composites is determined to be 29.1 kJ mol −1 and 13.9 kJ mol −1 , much lower than that of Al-based hydrolyzable materials. These findings hold significant importance for the advancement of practical Al-based hydrogen generation systems designed for mobile or portable applications.
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