RSC Advances
·
2025
·Vol. 15
·期 48
·40456-40468
·
IF 4.6
Muhammad Sarfraz,Farishta Shafiq,Karma M. Albalawi,Nadeem Raza,Ibrahim A. Shaaban,Asim Waseem,Irfan Ijaz
The discharge of synthetic dyes and the improper disposal of industrial red mud (RM) pose serious environmental challenges worldwide. This study introduces an innovative adsorbent, RMI, synthesized by functionalizing raw red mud with sodium iodide (NaI) to remove methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions effectively. Comprehensive characterization using XRD, TG, DTG, SEM, and BET analysis confirmed the enhanced structural and surface properties of the RMI composites. Batch adsorption experiments revealed that RMI-5 achieved a maximum MB removal capacity of 245.2 mg g−1 under optimal conditions. The adsorption process followed pseudo-second-order kinetics (R2 = 0.99), suggesting that chemisorption is the dominant mechanism, while the Langmuir isotherm model best described the equilibrium behaviour. Thermodynamic analysis showed that MB adsorption was spontaneous and exothermic. The primary adsorption mechanisms include hydrogen bonding, electrostatic attraction, and pore diffusion. These findings demonstrate the high efficiency and sustainability of NaI-modified red mud as a low-cost, high-performance adsorbent for dye-contaminated wastewater treatment. Hence, this study illustrates the efficient elimination of contaminants, particularly methylene blue, from aqueous solutions with NaI-modified red mud composites. The results underscore the potential for practical applications in water treatment technologies for dye elimination and other pollutant remediation techniques.
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Results in Chemistry
·
2026
·
IF 5.8
Yaning Wang,Jin Yang,Kai Yang,Wen Zhou,Wenshuai Jiang
The 3D porous structure of graphene functional materials possessed characteristics such as high porosity and large specific surface area, enabling dye molecules to easily enter and diffuse within the 3D network, thereby emerging as a promising solution for treating dye wastewater pollution. In this study, reduced graphene oxide@MXene (RGO@MXene) composite hydrogels with a 3D porous structure were prepared using the hydrothermal reduction method with MXene and graphene oxide as raw materials, and their adsorption performance toward methylene blue (MB) was investigated. The RGO@MXene composite hydrogels doped with 20 wt% MXene exhibited the best removal efficiency for MB, showcasing excellent adsorption performance following the introduction of MXene. During the preparation of the composite hydrogels, the introduction of Ca 2+ as a cross-linking agent not only reduced the preparation time but also adjusted the specific surface area and pore size distribution of the hydrogel. Therefore, the RGO@MXene-CaCl 2 composite hydrogels achieved an MB removal rate of 86.25% within a shorter timeframe. The results indicated that the adsorption process conformed to the pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models and was heat-absorbing and spontaneous, and the RGO@MXene-CaCl 2 composite hydrogels had an adsorption capacity of up to 1568.6 mg·g −1 for MB. This observation suggested that the adsorption process was influenced by various mechanisms such as external diffusion, surface adsorption, and internal diffusion. In addition, our study showed that the RGO@MXene-CaCl 2 composite hydrogels not only had better reusability, but also exhibited better adsorption for wastewater containing large amounts of inorganic salts.Our study further revealed that the microwave irradiation spectra of 3D RGO@MXene composite aerogels changed before and after MB adsorption, exhibiting characteristic features of RGO or MXene. This finding confirms the adsorption of MB, suggesting a potential new method for its detection. This research demonstrates promising applications in both dye wastewater treatment and the detection of MB.
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JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2011
·
IF 3.723
Hui Wang,Yuming Huang
Prussian-blue (PB)-modified γ-Fe 2 O 3 magnetic nanoparticles (PBMNPs) were successfully synthesized based on electric interactions between negatively charged [Fe(CN) 6 ] 4− and positively charged γ-Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticles. The in situ PB coating was generated by the coordinating reaction between the adsorbed [Fe(CN) 6 ] 4− and the ferric ions on the surface of γ-Fe 2 O 3 NPs. The as-prepared PBMNPs were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, TEM, and used to remove organic pollutants from aqueous solution, namely, using methylene blue (MB) as model compound. The experimental results showed that the target compound could be removed efficiently from solution over a wide pH range from 3 to 10 in the presence of PBMNPs as peroxidase-like catalyst and H 2 O 2 as oxidant. Under optimal conditions, MB could be removed completely after 120 min of reaction at 298 K; the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency and the total organic carbon (TOC) abatement efficiency were 53.6% and 35%, respectively. Furthermore, the PBMNPs catalysts showed high magnetization, temperature tolerance, long-term storage and operational stability, and they could be readily separated from solution by applying an external magnetic field. Finally, a possible reaction mechanism for MB degradation was also discussed.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
纳米材料学
·
催化化学
·
水处理技术
·
环境功能材料
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ChemistrySelect
·
2026
·Vol. 11
·期 33
·e73880
·
IF 2.3
Jinyi Guo,Baoyue Cao,Feng Li,Meina Jiang,Dan Wang,Yifan Fang
Developing efficient heterogeneous photo-Fenton catalysts with broadened pH adaptability remains important for sustainable wastewater treatment. In this work, a carbon-based catalyst (C-KFS) containing Fe-based active phases was rationally designed and applied to methylene blue (MB) degradation under visible light. Structural characterization confirmed the successful loading of Fe-containing species on the carbon carrier, providing abundant active sites and favorable interfacial properties. Under optimized conditions, C-KFS achieved 99.2% MB removal within 30 min and retained 92.1% of its activity after five consecutive cycles, with low Fe leaching. The catalyst was evaluated over a tested pH range of 3-9 and maintained high degradation efficiency particularly within pH 3-6, indicating improved pH tolerance compared with conventional homogeneous Fenton systems. Under the studied conditions, the degradation kinetics can be described by an apparent pseudo-first-order model with a rate constant of 0.128 min −1 . Mechanistic analysis suggests that the enhanced activity arises from the synergistic effects of visible-light-assisted Fe redox cycling, H 2 O 2 activation, and reactive oxygen species generation. The present study mainly evaluates MB degradation/decolorization rather than directly verified complete mineralization, but it nevertheless provides a useful strategy for constructing carbon-based heterogeneous photo-Fenton catalysts for wastewater treatment. Graphical A carbon-based heterogeneous photo-Fenton catalyst (C-KFS) with dispersed Fe species and sulfonic acid functionalities was rationally designed via ultrasonic acid activation coupled with Fenton-like immobilization. The catalyst efficiently activated H 2 O 2 under visible light for methylene blue degradation, delivering high removal efficiency, widened pH applicability, low Fe leaching, and good reusability.
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ACS Omega
·
2026
·Vol. 11
·期 32
·47638-47653
·
IF 5.2
Liu Yanchi,Sun Mohan,Qian Chengchao,Fu Yabo,Qiao Junwei,Wang Diangang,Shi Jiazi,Zhang Gaimei,Zhang Xinlin,Liu Hui
To overcome the poor
visible light response and high
recombination
rate of photogenerated carriers in bare TiO 2 , a Pt/Co 3 O 4 /TiO 2 photocatalyst was fabricated
via a template-assisted spontaneous galvanic replacement route. The
as-prepared material contains anatase–rutile mixed-phase TiO 2 , Co 3 O 4 , and metallic Pt and retains
a dodecahedral morphology with a high specific surface area of 122.64
m 2 /g. Under visible light irradiation for 120 min, its
degradation rates for tetracycline and methylene blue reached 85%
and 93%, respectively, which are significantly better than those of
pure TiO 2 and Pt/Co 3 O 4 . The composite
also exhibited excellent stability and recyclability. Its superior
performance is ascribed to the synergistic effects of the mixed-phase
TiO 2 , the p–n heterojunction between TiO 2 and Co 3 O 4 , the Schottky barrier at the Pt/TiO 2 interface, the localized surface plasmon resonance of Pt,
and the high adsorption capacity of the porous material. This work
offers a new strategy for treating dye- and antibiotic-containing
wastewater.
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POLYMER
·
2026
·
IF 5.1
Xiangtai Zhang,Yingxin Wu,Ninghai Wang,Lei Wu
The constraints faced by adsorbents in adsorbing dye wastewater include limited adsorption capacity, difficulties in regeneration with high costs, and the competition for adsorption as well as restrictions on conditions such as pH and temperature, all of which limit their wide application. Here we develop a novel adsorbent AC/Fe 3 O 4 @PDA with high adsorption capacity, rapid adsorption rate as well as magnetic property for efficiently adsorption organic methylene blue (MB). The surface morphology, crystal structure, chemical structure, elementals compositions, pore structure, magnetic property and wettability were all well characterized. It is proposed that an innovative superhydrophilic nanocomposite adsorbent based on highly magnetic and chemically stable biomass nanoparticles are covered by an adsorptive surface layer of PDA. Batch tests were performed to evaluate the influence of temperature, initial pH values, initial MB concentration and time on the performance of the target nanomaterial. The existence of open mesopores and macropores, three-dimensional cavity architecture, super-hydrophilic wettability and abundant amino/hydroxyl functional groups were all beneficial for well contact and chemical firmly bond with water-soluble toxic MB dye. After functionalized by mussel-inspired PDA modification, AC/Fe 3 O 4 @PDA, the active adsorbent could be easily removed from wastewater surface by a magnet. After adsorption, the three-dimensional pores of the carbon skeleton were well maintained. Super-hydrophilic and surface-adhering PDA coating make MB more tightly contact with AC/Fe 3 O 4 @PDA composite at aqueous media. More importantly, this strategy could be easily extended for fabrication of many other highly efficient magnetic adsorbents to solve the removing problem for the environmental applications of mussel inspired chemistry.
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WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION
·
2026
·Vol. 237
·期 8
·497
·
IF 3.5
Yang Yuanfang,Xu Yunlan,Tang Danli,Xiang Tanxia
In this work, CoFe-layered double metal oxide (CoFe-LDO) was obtained by a co-precipitation-calcination route using CoFe-layered double metal hydroxide (CoFe-LDH) as precursor material, and then MoS 2 and chitosan-derived N-doped carbon co- modified CoFe-LDO composite catalyst (MoS 2 @CoFe-LDO/NCS) was prepared. This material was characterized by SEM, EDS, FTIR, XRD and XPS, and was synthesized to catalyze ozonation for the degradation of methylene blue (MB). The influence of CoFe-LDO dosage, O 3 flow rate, initial MB concentration, catalyst dosage, initial pH and coexisting compounds on MB removal efficiency were systematically investigated. The decomposition efficiency of 50 mg/L MB by 10%MoS 2 @CoFe-LDO/NCS reached 96.47% within 8 min under the conditions of 10% CoFe-LDO dosage (CoFe -LDO:CS), pH = 6.8, catalyst dosage of 0.4 g/L, Ozone flow rate of 1.87 mg/(L⋅min) and 25 °C. Stability tests and metal ion leaching experiments confirmed the excellent chemical stability and environmental compatibility of 10%MoS 2 @CoFe-LDO/NCS. Electrochemical characterization showed that 10%MoS 2 @CoFe-LDO/NCS possessed enhanced current density, redox activity and excellent electron transfer capability. Quenching experiments revealed that 1 O 2 , O 2 ∙ − and ∙ OH contributed to the MB degradation process, with O 2 ∙ − confirmed as the dominant reactive species.
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Carbon Letters
·
2023
·Vol. 33
·期 2
·573-585
·
IF 4.5
Zhu Wenjun,Zuo Xiaohua,Deng Xiangyi,Zhang Xinhao,Yao Chuang,Wang Xiaobo
Core–shell ZIFs wrapped CuO hybrid materials (CuO@ZIF-67(Co)) were designed, synthesized, characterized, and employed as peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activators to degrade methylene blue (MB). It demonstrated outstanding catalytic activity on account of the unique structure and the synergistic effect between CuO cores and ZIF-67(Co) shells, resulting in complete degradation of MB (10 mg/L) in 1 min. Reactive oxygen species (ROSs) research showed that both SO 4 − and OH were responsible for the removal of MB. The synergistic activation mechanisms in the CuO@ZIF-67(Co)/PMS system were investigated, which mainly involved the effective electron transfer of CuO and ZIF-67(Co) for accelerating the cycle of Cu II /Cu I and Co III /Co II . This study broadens the application of MOF-derived materials for wastewater treatment.
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WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION
·
2023
·Vol. 234
·期 2
·1-12
·
IF 2.9
Khatun Most Munera,Islam Ashraful,Yan Chunjie,Nesa Most Jinnatun
A nano-ZnO semiconductor material loaded with mineral attapulgite (ATP) photocatalyst has been investigated. Using ATP as a carrier, a variety of various mixtures of ZnO/ATP composites was synthesized. A scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), and UV-Vis spectrophotometer (UV-Vis) were used to examine the morphology, synergistic effects, and photocatalytic properties of ZnO/ATP nanocomposites. The target pollutant for photocatalytic degradation is methylene blue solution. When ATP is mixed with pure ZnO, the degrading performance of composite nanomaterials in methylene blue solution is considerably enhanced. The degree of methylene blue degradation increases as the amount of ATP in the composite grows, and the degradation rate of ZnO/40% ATP can reach 96% in 45 min under solar light illumination. The amount of ATP in the system is excessive, and the adsorption effect is visible. The optimal composite ratio was determined to be ZnO/30% ATP. After discovering the ideal composite ratio and synergy of ZnO/ATP, g-C 3 N 4 was compounded in the aforesaid system, dramatically increasing the composite’s photocatalytic activity. At 45 min, the degradation rate of methylene blue reaches 97%. The absorption range and intensity of ternary composites increased, and the photogenerated electron-hole recombination rate decreases significantly. The reaction rate constant increases from 0.033 to 0.069 min −1 . SEM revealed rod-like attapulgite particles packed with tiny zinc oxide particles and a moderate layered structure of C 3 N 4 . The XRD pattern indicated that C 3 N 4 ’s crystallinity is poor and ZnO’s peak intensity is excessively high, masking the composite material’s distinctive peaks. The degradation rate of g-C 3 N 4 /ZnO/30% ATP to methylene blue was found to be 91.5% after 5 cycles.
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JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2023
·
IF 13.6
Yulun Nie,Yuge Zhang,Xueyu Nie,Xike Tian,Chu Dai,Jianbo Shi
Colloids are wide-spread in natural waters and colloid-facilitated transport via adsorption was established as the most important mechanism for the mobilization of aqueous contaminants. This study reports another possible, but reasonable, role of colloids for the contaminants driven by redox reactions. Under the same conditions (pH 6.0, 0.3 ml 30% H 2 O 2 , and 25 °C), the degradation efficiencies of methylene blue (MB) at 240 min over Fe colloid, Fe ion, Fe oxide and Fe(OH) 3 were 95.38%, 42.66%, 4.42% and 9.40%. We suggested that, Fe colloid can promote the H 2 O 2 based in-situ chemical oxidation process (ISCO) compared with other iron species such as Fe(Ⅲ) ion, Fe oxide and Fe(OH) 3 in natural water. Furthermore, the MB removal via adsorption by Fe colloid was only 1.74% at 240 min. Hence, the occurrence, behavior and fate of MB in Fe colloid containing natural water system mainly depends on the reduction-oxidation rather than adsorption-desorption process. Based on the mass balance of colloidal iron species and characterization of iron configurations distribution, Fe oligomers were the active and dominant components for Fe colloid-driven enhanced H 2 O 2 activation among three types of Fe species. The quick and steady conversion of Fe(III) to Fe(II) was proven to be reason why Fe colloid can efficiently react with H 2 O 2 to produce hydroxyl radicals .
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Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2022
·
IF 7.968
Guirong Ye,Jinghong Zhou,Renting Huang,Yingjun Ke,Yecan Peng,Yongxin Zhou,Yu Weng,Chutong Ling,Weixi Pan
Fenton sludge was converted into magnetic sludge-based biochar (SMBC) using a one-step pyrolysis process and employed as a novel heterogeneous catalyst to activate hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) for the oxidative removal of methylene blue (MB). The crystal structure and catalytic activity of SMBC are strongly affected by the pyrolysis temperature. X-ray powder diffraction, Mössbauer, and scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectrometer analyses were conducted to determine the crystal phase transfer of iron (Fe) oxides at different pyrolytic temperatures and retention times. The results revealed that the catalytic efficiency of SMBC was strongly related to the crystal phase of Fe oxides. The catalyst obtained at 800 °C for 1 h exhibited superior catalytic properties and degraded 98.56% of the MB (100 mg·L −1 ) in 3 min via the synergistic effect of Fe 3 O 4 , Fe 0 , and biochar. Free radical quenching experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance studies demonstrated that ·OH, O 2 · − and 1 O 2 participated in the H 2 O 2 system, and·OH radicals were promptly generated owing to the catalysis of the SMBC. Aging tests were repeated for four cycles in three conditions to examine the stability of the material. The results showed that SMBC was relatively stable in non-aerated and aqueous conditions, but its activation performance was severely inhibited in an oxygen environment. Furthermore, the catalytic ability of SMBC was maintained at 88.13% after the 4th run. This study presents a cost-effective method of converting ferric sludge to an environmentally friendly catalyst that enables H 2 O 2 activation for degrading refractory organic contaminants .
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ENZYME AND MICROBIAL TECHNOLOGY
·
2022
·
IF 3.705
Kangli Wu,Meiling Shi,Xiaomei Pan,Jianqiang Zhang,Xiaomeng Zhang,Tong Shen,Yongqiang Tian
In this study, a ligninolytic enzyme-producing strain F5 was isolated and identified as Bacillus thuringiensis , which can efficiently degrade methylene blue (MB) dye. The optimal pH, temperature, rotation speed, NaCl concentration, and inoculum of strain F5 for MB degradation were pH 6.0, 30 °C, 140 rpm, 10 g/L NaCl, 4% inoculum (v/v), and the strain F5 had salt tolerance, the MB decolorization rate reached 95% after 12 h. The degraded products were characterized by UV–vis, FT-IR, and GC-MS. Based on products analysis, four different intermediates were identified, and a new pathway for the degradation of MB was proposed. The degradation of MB by strain F5 was due to the synergistic effects of laccase (Lac), manganese peroxidase (MnP), lignin peroxidase (LiP), and NADH-DCIP reductase ; among them, Lac and MnP were the key enzymes. The phytotoxicity results showed that MB degraded metabolites' toxicity was lower than that of the parent compound, indicating that the strain F5 had a detoxification effect on MB dyes.
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危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）