Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society
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2026
·Vol. 23
·期 1
·33
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IF 2.4
Yan Jiaqi,Fu Weiwen,You Kuiyi,Zhao Fangfang,Luo He’an
A mild and efficient method for the solvent-free catalytic nitration of o-xylene (OX) employing silicon sulfonic acid (SSA) as a catalyst and NO 2 as a clean nitrating agent, leads to high selectivity for 4-nitro-o-xylene (4-NOX). Under optimal conditions, a 64.6% selectivity for 4-NOX and a 46.7% conversion of OX were achieved. The results showed that the enhanced OX conversion and target product selectivity were attributed to the synergistic catalysis of the combination of the SSA catalyst and the NO 2 –O 2 system. The characterization results showed that the immobilized SSA, which is not only simple and economical to prepare but also exhibits excellent nitration activity, was effectively synthesized via the chemical bonding method. The highly dispersed sulfonic acid groups were covalently anchored to the surface of the silicon acid (SA), thereby enriching acid sites and stabilizing the catalytic performance. Additionally, a possible reaction mechanism for nitrating OX with NO 2 –O 2 over the SSA catalyst was proposed. Compared with the traditional method, this study promotes the selectivity of the target product while reducing acidic wastewater streams, indicating potential application prospects.
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SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
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2026
·
IF 8.3
Chen Chen,Sijie Chen,Yu Zhang,Jinhong Liu,Shenghui Xia,Vishal Chaudhary,Praveen Sekhar,Larry Nagahara,Chao Wang,Hui Zhang,Pengfei Cheng,Pradeep Bhadola,Wei Liu,Thomas Thundat,Zhimin Li,Ajit Khosla
Pristine metal oxide gas sensors often suffer from poor selectivity and limited polarizability. The objective of this work is to overcome these bottlenecks by developing an advanced material tailored specifically for highly sensitive and intelligent NO 2 sensing applications. Consequently, oxygen vacancy-rich 2D ultrathin Cs-doped WO 3-x nanosheets were synthesized via a solvothermal method. KPFM, UPS, and TAS confirmed that optimal Cs doping (0.08 mol%) optimizes the surface work function and drastically prolongs the photo-generated carrier lifetime (
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APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2023
·
IF 6.7
Yaqing Zhang,Zhimin Yang,Liang Zhao,Yunpeng Xing,Congcong Xin,Zefeng Wei,Teng Fei,Sen Liu,Tong Zhang
Reduced graphene oxides (RGO)-based materials exhibit high carrier mobility and selective recognition ability to NO 2 , making them constitute promising platform for room-temperature NO 2 detection. However, the low sensitivity becomes the main bottleneck for their further development. Here, we demonstrate that synergy of Pd nanoparticles (NPs) and oxygen vacancies can modulate the surface active sites over SnO 2 NPs modified RGO hybrids (labeled as SR), leading to improving the sensitivity of room-temperature NO 2 sensors. Experimentally, a wet-chemical method was used to introduce oxygen vacancies onto SR, leading to forming SR with rich oxygen vacancies (labeled as SR-Vo), which were subsequently deposited with Pd NPs, resulting in preparing Pd NPs loaded SR-Vo hybrids (labeled as Pd-SR-Vo). Impressively, the response value to 1 ppm NO 2 of Pd-SR-Vo hybrids reaches to 9.8, which is much higher than that of R-Vo hybrids (5.6) and SR hybrids (3.3). The improvement of sensitivity toward NO 2 for Pd-SR-Vo hybrids is attributed to the synergy effect of Pd NPs and oxygen vacancies, including shortening the band gap of Pd-SR-Vo hybrids with raising conduction band level, widening the width of electron depletion layer between SnO 2 -Vo and RGO, introducing Schottky contact between Pd and SnO 2 -Vo, improving efficiency for gas sensing reaction. This work not only provides an efficient approach to fabricate high-performance NO 2 sensors, but also opens a new avenue for sensing materials design and modification.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2025
·
IF 6.3
Yan Jiang,Ping Wang,Ji Li,Xianfa Zhang,Yingming Xu,Hui Zhao,Xiaoli Cheng,Shan Gao,Lihua Huo
The porous and tubular structure is conducive to improving performance of sensing materials. At present, how to obtain sensitive materials with unique porosity and high surface activity by green, low-cost and simple synthesis methods is still a challenge. In this work, novel In 2 O 3 porous microtubes were obtained by water etching of MIL-68-In and calcination methods for the first time. The as-prepared microtubes exhibit excellent NO 2 sensitivity at 50 ℃ (S=156–3 ppm NO 2 ), and the limit of detection is 50 ppb. The sensor also has good NO 2 detection ability in the actual environment. The excellent NO 2 sensing performance at low temperature is closely related to high surface activity of In 2 O 3 porous microtubes. Combined with TPD, in-stiu DRIFT and XPS technologies, the NO 2 sensing mechanism was detailed analyzed. This work provides useful guidance for constructing high performance NO 2 sensor. The excellent NO 2 sensing performance at low temperature makes a positive contribution to promoting the application of metal oxide sensors in environmental detection.
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APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2026
·
IF 6.9
Yan Li,Zi-Ning Li,Xiao-Xue Lian,Jing-wen Liu,Ai-lin Li
The development of highly sensitive and selective gas sensors for detection of nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) is imperative for environmental monitoring and industrial safety. Herein, we report a novel multi-dimensional heterostructure, 1D MXene (Ti 3 C 2 T x ) nanofibers were derived from 2D MXene (Ti 3 C 2 T x ) through alkaline treatment, then integrated with 0D ZnO nanoparticles for high-performance NO 2 sensing. The unique architecture synergistically combines the high carrier mobility and abundant surface functional terminals of MXene (Ti 3 C 2 T x ) with tunable semiconducting characteristics of ZnO. Benefiting from enhanced charge transfer at the heterointerfaces and maximized active sites, optimized sensor demonstrates exceptional responses to NO 2 at room temperature, realizing a substantial response value of 64.58% towards 50 ppm NO 2 , significantly surpassing pristine MXene (Ti 3 C 2 T x ). Notably, the multi-dimensional composite exhibits an ultra-low limit of detection of 25.14 ppb for NO 2 , which meets the requirements for ppb-level detection. Additionally, the response of sensor to NO 2 (64.58%) significantly exceeds that to other interfering gases at equivalent concentrations, such as NH 3 (0.7%) and trimethylamine (7.3%). Furthermore, during long-term stability testing, the response to NO 2 at equivalent concentrations exhibited only a 4.7% decay over approximately 30 days. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the binding energy of this multi-dimensional structure for NO 2 is 0.5 eV, significantly higher than that for other gas species. Theoretical simulations reveal that improved performance originates from strengthened NO 2 adsorption energy and modulated electron depletion layers at hybrid interface. This work provides viable solution for fabricating advanced gas sensors through multi-dimensional material engineering, demonstrating great potential in real-time air quality analysis.
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SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
·
2018
·
IF 5.667
Ziying Wang,Tong Zhang,Tianyi Han,Teng Fei,Sen Liu,Geyu Lu
In this paper, SnO 2 nanoparticles (NPs) decorated reduced graphene oxide hybrids with abundant vacancies (designated as SnO 2 -RGO-OVs) have been successfully prepared by a combined hydrothermal synthesis and chemical solution deposition method. It is found that high density SnO 2 NPs with the size of 3–5 nm are uniformly distributed on the surface of RGO nanosheets. Most importantly, SnO 2 -RGO-OVs hybrids exhibit excellent room-temperature NO 2 sensing properties with the low detection limit of 50 ppb. When SnO 2 -RGO-OVs-based sensor was exposed to 1 ppm NO 2 , the response is 3.80 and response time and recovery time are 14 s and 190 s, respectively. These sensing performances are superior to those of most reported room-temperature NO 2 sensors based on RGO-based materials and other materials. The excellent sensing performances of SnO 2 -RGO-OVs hybrids can be attributed to their specific structure, e.g., RGO that could facilitate transferring carriers during sensing progress, and abundant OVs that could facilitate adsorption of more NO 2 molecules onto SnO 2 NPs in SnO 2 -RGO-OVs hybrids.
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ChemNanoMat
·
2019
·Vol. 5
·期 11
·1408-1417
·
IF 3.431
Qiqi Sun,Qi Liu,Lei Gong,Chiming Wang,Xia Kong,Chaoyi Yang,Weigang Feng,Dongdong Qi,Fangna Dai,Xiyou Li,Yanli Chen
Graphical Moisture-resistant : Remarkably specific sensors for NO 2 have been developed based on hierarchical self-assembly of porphyrin devices. They are effective sensors over a broad humidity range. A metal free meso -tetrakis(1-pyrenyl)porphyrin H 2 T[(Pyr) 4 ]P ( 1 ) and its cobalt congener CoT[(Pyr) 4 ]P ( 2 ) are firstly fabricated into the hierarchical nanopetals and micro-ball-flowers, respectively, by a simple solution-based method. Unexpectedly highly sensitive, stable, selective and reproducible responses to 50–400 ppb NO 2 gas are obtained at room temperature for the aggregates of both 1 and 2 , within 2 min dynamic exposure period at a broad relative humidity (RH) range of 0%-75%. In particular, the micro-ball-flowers of 2 achieve a sensitivity of 91.4 and 214% ppm −1 at 45% RH and 75% RH, respectively, demonstrating the potentials as chemical sensors operating in real-world atmospheres. Furthermore, the sensitivity of 1 and 2 remains almost unchanged under 0%–75% RH after 6 months. The present work represents one of the best results among organic-based ppb-level NO 2 sensors operating under a broad RH range in terms of sensitivity and stability to humidity variations at room temperature.
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NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
·
2017
·Vol. 41
·期 15
·7171-7176
·
IF 3.269
Jing Chen,Qin Ma,Caihe Wang,Xiaoyan Hu,Yunjing Gao,Huan Wang,Dongdong Qin,Xiaoquan Lu
A novel strategy was developed for the fluorescence detection of nitrite (NO2−) in real samples. The method is based on the reaction of water-dispersible graphite-like carbon nitride (w-g-C3N4) with nitrite (NO2−) in an acidic medium to form a new kind of weak fluorescence species. Under optimal conditions, the limit of detection (LOD) for nitrite (NO2−) detection was determined to be 0.16 nM (S/N = 3), and the relative fluorescence intensity versus logarithm concentration of nitrite (NO2−) showed good linearity in the range from 0 to 58.5 μM with R2 = 0.997. This probe displayed several appealing properties including low-cost, simplicity and convenience, high sensitivity, and excellent selectivity.
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
·
2024
·
IF 4.9
Fengdan Zhu,Chang Liu,Desheng Yang,Chaofei Bai,Xinlong Zeng,Ziteng Niu,Guoping Li,Yunjun Luo
Nitro complexes (NCs) have been selected as combustion catalysts for propellants due to their synergistic behavior. However, NCs prepared by traditional methods suffer from poor dispersion and irregular shape, which limit their catalytic potential. Hence, a polymer-assisted anti-solvent crystallization (PAASC) strategy was developed to fabricate potassium barium hexanitronickelate (K 2 Ba[Ni(NO 2 ) 6 ], PBHNN) crystals. In this method, emulsion particles created by mixing the solvent with the poor solvent serve as spherical templates. The particle size and monodispersity of PBHNN are controlled by PVP content. With 0.042 mol/L PVP, PBHNN were monodisperse with a particle size of 1.05±0.03 μm, which showed the best catalytic behavior for increasing the exothermic amount of hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW) by 100.6 %. The high catalytic performance is due to the large specific surface area and improved contact efficiency. The in-situ TG-FTIR-MS test revealed that the procedure of PBHNN enhanced the pyrolysis of HNIW. The N-NO 2 bonds of HNIW are weakened by the strong attraction of metal oxides to electrons, which accelerates the formation of NO 2 . Consequently, increased NO 2 promotes subsequent oxidation reactions and improves the pyrolysis efficiency of individual HNIW. Therefore, the PAASC method is crucial for the fabrication of spherical monodisperse NCs with uniform particle size and high catalytic activity.
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Nano Materials Science
·
2025
·
IF 17.9
Haineng Bai,Cheng Feng,Yiru Chen,Yunxiao Du,Yamin Feng,Kuili Liu,Yali Yan,Jia Liu,Baohua Zhang,Jin Wang,Dunjun Chen,Youdou Zheng,Fuqiang Guo
The porous NiO nanoplates modified with rGO nanosheets and SnO 2 nanoparticles are developed for accurate and rapid ppb-level NO 2 detection. The developed SnO 2 /NiO/rGO sensor towards 50 ppm NO 2 gas demonstrates an excellent gas-sensing response of 14.8 at 23 °C, which is 3.03 times that of NiO/rGO sensor (4.89) and 6.49 times that of NiO sensor (2.28), respectively. The developed SnO 2 /NiO/rGO sensor exhibits faster response/recovery speed (12.7/32.8 s @5 ppm), with extra-low theoretical detection limit of 0.15 ppb at room temperature. More fascinatingly, our sensors indicate great sensitivity, outstanding repeatability and long-term stability for longer than 7 weeks. Additionally, it also suggests that 1 °C and 1 % relative humidity have the same effect on the SnO 2 /NiO/rGO sensor signal as approximately 13 ppb and 7.0 ppb NO 2 gas change, respectively. Such excellent properties are mainly attributed to the large surface-to-volume ratio, which provides active sites to NO 2 gas spread, adsorption and diffusion on material surface in redox reaction. Moreover, the ternary heterojunctions formed by NiO, rGO and SnO 2 may serve as highly conductive channels to accelerate carrier transfer and abundant oxygen vacancies to reduce the adsorption energy for O 2 and NO 2 gas, thus further improving performance of the sensors.
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APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL
·
2020
·
IF 5.006
Renjie Deng,Kuiyi You,Wenjin Ni,Fangfang Zhao,Pingle Liu,He’an Luo
In this work, we developed a low-temperature and efficient approach for the highly selective preparation of valuable p -nitrochlorobenzene from the liquid-phase catalytic nitration of chlorobenzene with NO 2 in O 2 -Ac 2 O-Hβ composite system. The results demonstrated that the introduction of molecular oxygen remarkably enhanced the chlorobenzene conversion and the cooperation catalysis of Hβ zeolite and Ac 2 O envidently improved the selectivity to para -nitro product. Under the optimized reaction conditions, 93.6 % of the selectivity to p -nitrochlorobenzene with 84.0 % of chlorobenzene conversion was obtained, and the ratio of p -nitrochlorobenzene to o -nitrochlorobenzene could reach up to 20.3. Furthermore, the selectivity distribution of nitration products was reasonably explained by the density functional theory (DFT) calculation. Finally, the possible nitration reaction pathway of chlorobenzene with NO 2 was suggested in O 2 -Ac 2 O-Hβ composite catalytic system. The present work affords a new and mild nitration approach for highly selective preparation of valuable para -nitro products, and has potential industrial application prospects.
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SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
·
2021
·
IF 7.46
Rui Gao,Lang Gao,Xianfa Zhang,Shan Gao,Yingming Xu,Xiaoli Cheng,Ghuanyu Guo,Qinghua Ye,Xin Zhou,Zoltán Major,Lihua Huo
ZnO@the reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanorod arrays were grown in-situ on the ceramic tube substrate by one-step hydrothermal without any template or surfactant. The reduced graphene oxide was evenly coated around the ZnO nanorods through the controllable assembly of the rGO and ZnO heterojunction interface. rGO contributed to the improvement of material conductivity and provided more active sites to adsorb NO 2 molecules. The combination of rGO and ZnO significantly enhanced the response of the composite to NO 2 at room temperature . It showed an excellent selectivity to NO 2 and a good linear relationship in the concentration range of 0.1∼10 ppm. In order to explore the response mechanism of ZnO@rGO composite to NO 2 , the change of element composition and status was performed by XPS technology before and after the exposure of the composite to NO 2 . The gaseous products after the reaction were also tested by GC–MS technology. DFT calculations were performed based on the test results, which demonstrated that the p-n heterostructure produced by the ZnO@rGO composite had a beneficial effect on improving the gas response capability.
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