BMC PLANT BIOLOGY
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2025
·Vol. 25
·期 1
·1613
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IF 4.8
Ghanaim Amira M.,Mahmoud Ghada A.,Mohamed Heba I.,Hanafy Rania S.,Zaki Laila M.,Mahmoud Mohamed,Mogazy Asmaa M.
Background Plant viral infections threaten global food security and cause major crop losses. This study investigates the antiviral effects of biosynthesized Chitosan nanoparticles (ChNPs) with Bacillus subtilis 1211 EMCCN against potato virus Y (PVY) and their influence on tomato growth and yield. Results Scanning electron microscopy showed clusters of crystals on ChNPs, while transmission electron microscopy revealed that the nanoparticles were spherical, ranging from 12 to 198 nm. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy confirmed the presence of carbon, oxygen, sodium, and phosphorus, and Fourier-transform infrared analysis identified typical chitosan functional groups, including hydroxyl, carbonyl, and amine. Tomato leaves were treated with ChNPs, B. subtilis , or both to evaluate their effectiveness against PVY. The treated plants exhibited a marked reduction in both disease severity and PVY concentration compared to the untreated controls. By 28 days post-inoculation, infectivity decreased to 46.7% in plants treated with Bacillus subtilis, 33.3% with ChNPs, and reached the lowest level of 20% in the combined treatment. The combined priming strategy significantly enhanced plant growth attributes, with increases in shoot length (95.0%), root length (47.0%), leaf area (668.1%), plant height (30.7%), shoot and root fresh weight (370.0% and 162.9%), and shoot and root dry weight (562.7% and 127.7%). Biochemical and physiological analyses revealed substantial increases in total pigments (268.4%), flavonoids (112.2%), phenols (59.4%), α-tocopherol (92.1%), ascorbic acid (30.1%), anthocyanins (71.3%), peroxidase (51.9%), catalase (39.6%), polyphenol oxidase (73.6%), amino acids (119.9%), proline (93.3%), soluble sugars (128.0%), and proteins (614.0%) in shoots. Yield components, including carotenoids and anthocyanins, were also significantly enhanced. Importantly, oxidative stress indicators were markedly reduced, with malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide levels decreasing by 76.8% and 72.6%, respectively, in treated plants compared to infected plants. Conclusion These findings suggest that combination between ChNPs and B. subtilis offers an eco-friendly method to enhance tomato yield and effectively manage viral diseases by activating the plants' defense mechanisms.
研究领域:
植物病理学
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纳米生物技术
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农业病毒学
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作物保护
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胁迫生理学
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可持续农业
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Journal of Water Process Engineering
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2023
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IF 7
Yimin Xie,Naiwen Chen,Zhiwei Liang,Yihuai Huang,Hojae Shim
An indigenous bacterial strain, Bacillus sp. MY156, was isolated from a local wastewater treatment plant and utilized for degradation of dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and diethyl phthalate (DEP). The isolate showed a substrate preference of DBP to DEP. The optimal biodegradation conditions were pH 7, 30 °C, 0.2 (in terms of OD 600 ) inoculum size, and 2 % (v v −1 ) bacterial load. The biodegradation of DBP and DEP as sole carbon source was comprehensively investigated via degradation kinetics and mass balance analysis. The isolate achieved complete degradation and over 80 % removal of 300 mg L −1 DBP within 60 h and 200 mg L −1 DEP in 5 days. The biodegradation of DBP and DEP fitted the inhibitory kinetic model, and the maximum degradation rates for DBP and DEP were 183.34 and 66.90 mg L −1 day −1 , respectively. The cell surface responses to biodegradation were investigated by analyses of morphology, Fourier transform-infrared, and extracellular polymeric substance. The potential intermediates were mono-n-butyl phthalate, mono-ethyl phthalate, phthalic acid, and protocatechuic acid by β-oxidation, hydrolysis, and decarboxylation . The esterase and dehydrogenase activities reached the highest at the initial and middle phases during biodegradation. The docking studies also elucidated the relevant enzyme preferred DBP to DEP via binding energy and bond distance.
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JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
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2023
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IF 13.6
Li-Hui Liu,Jia-Yan Zhang,Guang-Xuan Tang,Yu-Hong Huang,Xiang-Qing Xie,Jun Geng,Hui-Xiong Lü,Hui Li,Yan-Wen Li,Ce-Hui Mo,Hai-Ming Zhao,Quan-Ying Cai
Endophytic bacteria can degrade toxic phthalate (PAEs). Nevertheless, the colonization and function of endophytic PAE-degrader in soil-crop system and their association mechanism with indigenous bacteria in PAE removal remain unknown. Here, endophytic PAE-degrader Bacillus subtilis N-1 was marked with green fluorescent protein gene. Inoculated strain N-1- gfp could well colonize in soil and rice plant exposed to di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) as directly confirmed by confocal laser scanning microscopy and realtime PCR. Illumina high-throughput sequencing demonstrated that inoculated N-1- gfp shifted indigenous bacterial community in rhizosphere and endosphere of rice plants with significant increasing relative abundance of its affiliating genus Bacillus than non-inoculation. Strain N-1- gfp exhibited efficient DBP degradation with 99.7% removal in culture solutions, and significantly promoted DBP removal in soil-plant system. Strain N-1- gfp colonization help plant enrich specific functional bacteria (e.g., pollutant-degrading bacteria) with significant higher relative abundances and stimulated bacterial activities (e.g., pollutant degradation) compared with non-inoculation. Furthermore, strain N-1- gfp displayed strong interaction with indigenous bacteria for accelerating DBP degradation in soil, decreasing DBP accumulation in plants and promoting plant growth. This is the first report on well colonization of endophytic DBP-degrader Bacillus subtilis in soil-plant system and its bioaugmentation with indigenous bacteria for promoting DBP removal.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2023
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IF 8.2
Yawen Zhou,Juan Shen,Huibing Chi,Xiaoyu Zhu,Zhaoxin Lu,Fengxia Lu,Ping Zhu
Type II L-asparaginase (ASNase) has been approved by the FDA for treating acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL), but its therapeutic effect is limited by low catalytic efficiency and L-glutaminase (L-Gln) activity. This study utilized free energy based molecular dynamics calculations to identify residues associated with substrate binding in Bacillus licheniformis L-asparaginase II (BLASNase) with high catalytical activity. After saturation and combination mutagenesis , the mutant LGT (74 L/75G/111 T) with intensively reduced l -glutamine catalytic activity was generated. The l -glutamine/L-asparagine activity (L-Gln/L-Asn) of LGT was only 6.6 % of parent BLASNase, whereas the L-asparagine (L-Asn) activity was preserved >90 %. Furthermore, structural comparison and molecular dynamics calculations indicated that the mutant LGT had reduced binding ability and affinity towards l -glutamine. To evaluate its effect on acute leukemic cells, LGT was supplied in treating MOLT-4 cells. The experimental results demonstrated that LGT was more cytotoxic and promoted apoptosis compared with commercial Escherichia coli ASNase. Overall, our findings firstly provide insights into reducing l -glutamine activity without impacting L-asparagine activity for BLASNase to possess remarkable potential for anti-leukemia therapy.
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Surfaces and Interfaces
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2023
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IF 6.2
Diandi Li,Haijun He,Zhongxuan Xu,Hong Deng
Coexistence of chromium and iron, manganese and copper in industries is common, which may affect the microbial treating efficiency and toxicity to microorganisms, thus restricting the application of microbial treatment technology. In this research, Cu 2+ promoted the reduction of Cr(VI) and the fixation of total chromium in bimetallic systems for both Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 and Bacillus subtilis , while Mn 2+ and Fe 3+ exhibited inhibition effects. Generally, groups with coexisting heavy metal of 0.1 mM were most affected, no matter promotive or inhibitive. Toxicity analysis revealed that high concentration of heavy metal ions led to damage to the cell membranes and reduction of their survival rate. To clarify the optimal condition for microbial treatment, response surface methodology was used to investigate the influencing factors of Cr(VI) reduction by S. oneidensis . The total chromium concentration in the supernatant was correlated with three factors, and the significant order of influence was: culture time > culture temperature > pH.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2021
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IF 6.953
Junxin Zhao,Shichang Liu,Yifang Gao,Maomao Ma,Xianghui Yan,Ding Cheng,Dongman Wan,Zheling Zeng,Ping Yu,Deming Gong
Enzymatic degradation has become the most promising approach to degrading organic ester compounds. In this study, Bacillus licheniformis NCU CS-5 was isolated from the spoilage of Cinnamomum camphora seed kernel, and its extracellular lipase was purified, with a specific activity of 192.98 U/mg. The lipase was found to be a trimeric protein as it showed a single band of 27 kDa in SDS-PAGE and 81 kDa in Native-PAGE. It was active in a wide range of temperatures (5–55 °C) and pH values (6.0–9.0), and the optimal temperature and pH value were 40 °C and 8.0, respectively. The enzyme was active in the presence of various organic solvents, metal ions, inhibitors and surfactants. Both crude and purified lipase retained more than 80% activity after 5 h in the presence of commercial detergents, suggesting its great application potential in detergent industry. The highest activity was found to be towards medium- and long-chain fatty acids (C 6 -C 18 ). Peptide mass spectrometric analysis of the purified lipase showed similarity to the lipase family of B. licheniformis . Furthermore, it degraded more than 90% 2,4-D butyl ester to its hydrolysate 2,4-D within 24 h, indicating that the novel lipase may be applied to degrade organic ester pesticides.
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JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
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2021
·Vol. 131
·期 4
·1890-1908
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IF 3.772
Win T.T.,Bo B.,Malec P.,Fu P.
AimsThis study sought to utilize indigenous soil micro‐organisms to suppress wilt‐causing fungal pathogens of the banana.Methods and ResultsFungal pathogens were isolated from wilt‐affected rhizospheric soil, and potential antagonistic bacterial strains were isolated from healthy rhizospheric soil in the same area from which fungal pathogens were isolated. The antifungal activity of isolated micro‐organisms against fungal pathogens was studied both in vitro and in vivo against fungal pathogens. It was found that Fusarium oxysporum and Alternaria sp. were pathogenic, while Penicillium sp., Bacillus velezensis and Bacillus subtilis were antagonistic. Moreover, it was seen that B. velezensis, B. subtilis and Penicillium sp. inhibited the growth of the two fungal pathogens in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. Further investigation indicated that B. velezensis, B. subtilis and Penicillium sp. were able to produce enzymatic antifungal compounds (chitinase and β‐1,3‐glucanase). The spray application around rhizome revealed that a combination of Bacillus spp. and Penicillium sp. in greenhouse conditions gave the highest reduction in disease severity by up to 60% to both fungal pathogens among the treatments.ConclusionsBanana disease is seen to be induced not only by F. oxysporum but also by Alternaria sp. The isolated indigenous micro‐organisms can effectively control both the pathogens. The combination of isolated antagonistic micro‐organisms has thus demonstrated substantial potential for suppressing banana disease.Significance and Impact of the StudyAn antagonistic consortium isolated in this study has demonstrated remarkable potential for controlling fungal diseases caused by Fusarium sp. and Alternaria sp. Therefore, the use of indigenous microflora to improve disease suppression of banana plants against soil‐borne pathogens is a preferable approach.
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JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
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2016
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IF 2.667
Waseem Raza,Zhong Wei,Ning Ling,Qiwei Huang,Qirong Shen
Three organic fertilizers made of different animal and plant waste materials (BOFs) were evaluated for their effects on the production of antibacterial volatile organic compounds (VOCs) by two Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strains SQR-9 and T-5 against the tomato wilt pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum (RS). Both strains could produce VOCs that inhibited the growth and virulence traits of RS; however, in the presence of BOFs, the production of antibacterial VOCs was significantly increased. The maximum inhibition of growth and virulence traits of RS by VOCs of T-5 and SQR-9 was determined at 1.5% BOF2 and 2% BOF3, respectively. In case of strain T-5, 2-nonanone, nonanal, xylene, benzothiazole, and butylated hydroxy toluene and in case of strain SQR-9, 2-nonanone, nonanal, xylene and 2-undecanone were the main antibacterial VOCs whose production was increased in the presence of BOFs. The results of this study reveal another significance of using organic fertilizers to improve the antagonistic activity of biocontrol agents against phytopathogens.
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JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
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2025
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IF 6.2
Tianxiang Zhu,Songlin Liu,Yu Gao,Xiongjie Sun,Haiming Hu,Zhigang Zhang,Wenwen Zhang,Lei Xiong,Hongtao Liu
Endoglucanases may not only act on β-1,4-linkages in β-glucan but also target d-glucose in glucomannan, which can expand their utility in the preparation of prebiotics. In this study, a highly efficient endoglucanase (BlGH5) from Bacillus licheniformis BJ2022 was expressed and characterized. BlGH5 exhibited the highest activity at pH 7.0 and 60 °C. It maintained over 80% activity at pH 4.0–7.0 and 30–60 °C. BlGH5 specifically cleaved β-1,4-glycosidic bonds linked to d-glucose. Site-directed mutagenesis results suggested that Arg91, Asn167, Glu168, Trp206, His228, Tyr230, Ser263, and Trp290 are key residues for its binding and catalytic activity. Moreover, BlGH5 displayed high activity against konjac glucomannan (KGM), indicating that BlGH5 could be used to prepare low-molecular-weight konjac glucomannan (KGM-L). Based on the physicochemical properties of KGM and KGM-L, KGM-L was characterized by reduced molecular weight and viscosity. Fecal fermentation experiments demonstrated that KGM and KGM-L could promote the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Still, KGM-L was more conducive to the growth of the gut probiotics. In conclusion, we identified an endoglucanase for the degradation of KGM. Results indicated that KGM-L would have superior prebiotic effects. Thus, our study provides a basis for the future development and application of KGM-L as a prebiotic.
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FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
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2024
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IF 11
Jun Li,Fu-Yu Liu,Bao-Lin He,Rui Cui,Hong Wu
Carvacrol has great antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus , and its action mechanism was comprehensively studied in this work. It could not only control the growth of B. cereus by affecting the integrality of cellular structure and physiological metabolism, but also inhibit the swarming motility, biofilm formation, and toxins production. To increase the stability of carvacrol during the application, the sodium casein (SC)/hydroxypropyl- β -cyclodextrin (HPCD)/carvacrol nanoemulsion was fabricated. The mean particle size and polydispersity index of the nanoemulsions were 113.8 nm and 0.23, respectively, at SC and HPCD concentrations of 2% and 1%. FTIR analysis demonstrated that carvacrol was successfully encapsulated into the nanoemulsions. The MIC and MBC of nanoemulsions against B. cereus were 0.15 and 0.30 mg/mL, respectively, which were lower than those of free carvacrol (0.19 and 0.38 mg/mL). Carvacrol in nanoemulsions showed a slow and sustained release behavior. Furthermore, the nanoemulsions had good stability (particle size <200 nm) after storage at 4 °C and 25 °C for 15 days. Notably, the nanoemulsions were effective in controlling the growth of B. cereus in whole, low-fat, and skim milk and had better antimicrobial activity than free carvacrol. The results indicated that carvacrol nanoemulsions have potential in the antibacterial application of the food industry.
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PROCESS BIOCHEMISTRY
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2024
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IF 3.7
Yanting Xu,Jing Zhuang,Shuo Wang,Jianying Dai,Zhi-Long Xiu
The aim of this work was to develop an integrated process of 2,3-butanediol production and extraction of active components from Chinese herbs via fermentation, and evaluate their potential as cosmetic ingredients in vitro. A GRAS strain DL2–2 of Bacillus licheniformis was isolated and the fermentation medium was optimized using the ingredients that could be used in cosmetics. Four types of Chinese herbs were added solely or in combination into the fermentation medium to perform 2,3-butanediol production and active components extraction simultaneously. The release of polysaccharides and flavonoids was promoted, and the antioxidant, whitening and antibacterial abilities were improved. The highest antioxidant and antibacterial activity was obtained from the ferment filtrate of Dendrobium devonianum and Gastrodia elata f. glauca , resulting from the highest contents of flavonoids (0.44 g/L) and polyphenols (0.31 g/L), and 42.2 g/L 2,3-butanediol was also produced. The highest polysaccharide concentration was obtained from the ferment filtrate containing Polygonatum kingianum , which exhibited the highest inhibitory effect on tyrosinase (65 %), similar to that of 1 g/L arbutin. Therefore, the filtrate of 2,3-butanediol-Chinese herbal fermentation broth is promising as an ingredient in the production of natural high-value cosmetics.
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Frontiers in Microbiology
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2024
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IF 4
Yongqing Wan,Siyuan Liu,Yunhao Song,Ruihua Tian,Ruigang Wang,Kaihong Duan,Mandlaa Mandlaa
The enhancement of cellulose degradation is important for improving the quality of corn-stalk silage. However, the rapid drop in pH caused by the propagation of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) can influence the degradation of cellulose by cellulose-degrading microorganisms (CDMs) during the mixed fermentation process of ensilage. In this study, a CDM (Bacillus methylotrophic 2–4, BM 2–4) was isolated, and its lyophilization condition was studied. Moreover, a slow-release strategy was developed to delay the release of LAB (Lactobacillus plantarum S-1, LP S-1) by embedding technology to provide time for BM 2–4 to degrade cellulose during the corn-stalk ensilage process. The results showed that BM 2–4 had a higher survival rate (89.53%) under the following conditions: cell collection (5,600 r/min in 4.4°C for 9.5-min centrifugation) and lyophilization using cryoprotectants [skim milk (10.4%), peptone (10.4%), and glucose (5.2%)] at −50°C with a vacuum pressure of <10 Pa. Based on the results of the previous study on embedded LP S-1, simultaneous inoculation of embedded LP S-1 and lyophilized BM2-4 at a 2:1 ratio, with an inoculum size of 6% and moisture content of 85%, significantly degraded CF by 3.8% and increased CP by 3.7% (p < 0.05). This treatment did not significantly influence the final pH of corn-stalk silage (p > 0.05) after 7 days of fermentation.
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