CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
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2024
·
IF 5.1
Linghong Xue,Fan Zhang,Jiale Dang,Yu Zhang,Xu Li,Tong Liu,Qingji Wang
The room temperature gas sensor has attracted sufficient attention due to the fact that low-power products are more suitable for practical environments. However, developing gas sensors with low detection limits remains challenging. In this paper, a room-temperature sensor was prepared by in situ growth of WO 3 nanospheres on SnO 2 inverse opal (IO) by aerosol assisted chemical vapor deposition (AACVD) method, detecting ppb level of ammonia. The WO 3 nanospheres are directly fabricated on IO, and their elemental composition, morphology and structure is characterized using XRD, SEM and TEM. The results show that WO 3 nanospheres have been prepared on SnO 2 IO successfully. It showes that the WO 3 /SnO 2 (WS) type sensor has a detection limit as low as 1 ppb at room temperature from the gas sensitivity data. In addition, the sensor's response value to 100 ppm NH 3 reached 65 %. Its excellent sensing performance depends on the distinctive morphology features of WO 3 and SnO 2 . The hierarchical characteristic effectively enhances the sensing performance for NH 3 . Consequently, this presents a feasible solution for fabricating the room temperature NH 3 sensor.
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Nanomaterials
·
2024
·Vol. 14
·期 8
·719
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IF 4.4
Xueyan Li,Zeyi Wu,Xiangyu Song,Denghua Li,Jiajia Liu,Jiatao Zhang
Nowadays, metal oxide semiconductor gas sensors have diverse applications ranging from human health to smart agriculture with the development of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies. However, high operating temperatures and an unsatisfactory detection capability (high sensitivity, fast response/recovery speed, etc.) hinder their integration into the IoT. Herein, a ternary heterostructure was prepared by decorating WO3nanoplates with Au and SnO2nanoparticles through a facial photochemical deposition method. This was employed as a sensing material for 3-hydroxy-2-butanone (3H-2B), a biomarker ofListeria monocytogenes. These Au/SnO2–WO3nanoplate-based sensors exhibited an excellent response (Ra/Rg= 662) to 25 ppm 3H-2B, which was 24 times higher than that of pure WO3nanoplates at 140 °C. Moreover, the 3H-2B sensor showed an ultrafast response and recovery speed to 25 ppm 3H-2B as well as high selectivity. These excellent sensing performances could be attributed to the rich Au/SnO2–WO3active interfaces and the excellent transport of carriers in nanoplates. Furthermore, a wireless portable gas sensor equipped with the Au/SnO2–WO3nanoplates was assembled, which was tested using 3H-2B with known concentrations to study the possibilities of real-time gas monitoring in food quality and safety.
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高影响因子
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
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2025
·
IF 19
Yingyu Chen,Wei Jiang,Chenyang Zhang,Qing Shen,De Li,Zhen Wang
Tungsten trioxide (WO 3 ) is considered one of the most promising inorganic electrochromic materials due to its low cost, environmental friendliness, and high optical modulation capability. However, during the coloring/bleaching process, WO 3 films often suffer from performance degradation caused by ion trapping, resulting in slow response times and poor cycling stability. Herein, a transparent WO 3 /Nb 2 O 5 heterostructured electrode is designed, where a built-in electric field is formed at the interface due to differences in band alignment and Fermi levels between WO 3 and Nb 2 O 5 . This internal field acts as a critical driving force for charge transfer and ion migration, thereby enabling a fast and reversible electrochromic response. The prepared WO 3 /Nb 2 O 5 heterostructure exhibits a high optical contrast (78.4% at 700 nm), fast switching speed (t c /t b = 9.3/10.4 s), and excellent cycling stability (maintaining 97.2% of its initial modulation after 10 000 cycles). Moreover, simulation results indicate that the electrochromic window based on the WO 3 /Nb 2 O 5 heterostructure demonstrate effective solar radiation regulation and significant energy-saving potential across various global regions. This work provides an effective strategy for the rational design of electrochromic materials and holds great promise for applications in smart windows and intelligent display technologies.
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MOLECULES
·
2024
·Vol. 29
·期 19
·4561
·
IF 4.2
Suiying Dong,Jiafu Dai,Ying Yang,Amir Zada,Kezhen Qi
The large-scale utilization of antibiotics has opened a separate chapter of pollution with the generation of reactive drug-resistant bacteria. To deal with this, in this work, different mass ratios of CoFe 2 O 4 /WO 3 nanocomposites were prepared following an in situ growth method using the precursors of WO 3 and CoFe 2 O 4 . The structure, morphology, and optical properties of the nanocomposite photocatalysts were scrutinized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectra (UV-Vis DRS), photoluminescence spectrum (PL), etc. The experimental data signified that the loading of CoFe 2 O 4 obviously changed the optical properties of WO 3 . The photocatalytic performance of CoFe 2 O 4 /WO 3 composites was investigated by considering tetracycline as a potential pollutant. The outcome of the analyzed data exposed that the CoFe 2 O 4 /WO 3 composite with a mass ratio of 5% had the best degradation performance for tetracycline eradication under the solar light, and a degradation efficiency of 77% was achieved in 20 min. The monitored degradation efficiency of the optimized photocatalyst was 45% higher compared with the degradation efficiency of 32% for pure WO 3 . Capturing experiments and tests revealed that hydroxyl radical (·OH) and hole (h + ) were the primary eradicators of the target pollutant. This study demonstrates that a proper mass of CoFe 2 O 4 can significantly push WO 3 for enhanced eradication of waterborne pollutants.
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APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL
·
2025
·
IF 4.8
Qing Hua,Lei Cheng,Wenqiang Qu,Da Wu,Yuehua Li,Zixiang Xu,Xi Cao,Ming Xie,Xiaodong Yan,Chunwei Dong,Dengsong Zhang
The reactive oxygen species (ROS) are of paramount importance for indoor volatile organic compounds removal through photocatalytic technology. However, generating abundant ROS under visible light remains challenging, resulting in the poor photocatalytic performance. Herein, we report a bismuth-modified tungsten oxide (WO 3 -Bi) photocatalyst with enhanced performance in the visible-light-driven degradation of acetaldehyde, a major indoor air pollutant. Bismuth atoms are atomically doped onto WO 3 surface, in which the strong Bi-O adsorption strength facilitates the water and oxygen adsorption to provide abundant ROS. Mechanistic investigations reveal that the photocatalytic oxidation of acetaldehyde involves the C-C breaking of acetic acid into methanol, followed by the complete elimination. These results demonstrate that the surface modification in photocatalyst plays a pivotal role in improving ROS generation and photocatalytic performance, offering a robust and sustainable solution for indoor air purification under visible light.
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ACS Applied Nano Materials
·
2025
·
IF 5.5
Haopeng Jing,Kun Li,Shuling Xiang,Ran Jiang,Jumei Zhou,Hongliang Zhang
Electrochromic energy storage devices (EESDs) integrating optical modulation and energy storage are gaining attention for smart building applications. The WO3 thin films with a biphasic nanocrystalline structure were prepared using a facile solution-based method and a low-temperature scalable blade-coating technology. Combined with zinc as the counter electrode, the WO3–Zn EESDs utilizes the redox reactions of WO3 and Zn to achieve dual functionality of energy storage and electrochromism. The structure with biphasic nanocrystals embedded in the amorphous WO3 matrix strengthens the electrochemical activity and structural stability of the film, thereby improving the optical performance and cycling stability of the device. The device exhibits a 76% optical modulation at 633 nm, a high areal capacity of 106.8 mAh m–2 at 0.1 A m–2, and exceptional cycling stability, retaining 90.8% of optical modulation after 5000 cycles. These findings highlight the potential of WO3–Zn EESDs for sustainable energy systems and multifunctional smart window applications.
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Surfaces and Interfaces
·
2025
·
IF 6.3
Longtao Fang,Chunjian Wang,Shuling Xiang,Weiping Xie,Hongliang Zhang
Tungsten trioxide (WO 3 ) is regarded as one of the most promising electrochromic materials due to its relatively low material cost, dual-band tunability and high optical modulation. Currently, the key interface of WO 3 /electrolyte suffers from severe cycling degradation, which limits its further practical applications. Herein, we report the design of a robust in-situ solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) via electrolyte engineering with lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate (LiDFOB) and fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) as additives. The resulting SEI is a thin, compact organic–inorganic composite comprising LiF, Li 2 O, Li 2 CO 3 , and LiCl, which collectively enhance interfacial mechanical strength, facilitate Li⁺ transport, and suppress ion trapping in WO 3 . As a result, the WO 3 electrodes exhibit outstanding cycling stability, retaining 90.87% of the initial optical contrast after 1500 electrochromic cycles and maintaining 71.97% capacity after 5000 charge–discharge cycles. This work provides the first direct evidence of in-situ SEI formation in WO 3 -based electrochromic systems and offers a scalable interfacial design strategy. It contributes fundamentally to surface and interface science by enabling stable ion transport and interfacial regulation, paving the way for next-generation electrochemical devices.
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Nature Communications
·
2024
·Vol. 15
·期 1
·1-12
·
IF 14.7
Zhang Renfu,Zhou Qinqi,Huang Siyuan,Zhang Yiwen,Wen Rui-Tao
Ion trapping has been found to be responsible for the performance degradation in electrochromic oxide thin films, and a detrapping procedure was proved to be effective to rejuvenate the degraded films. Despite of the studies on ion trapping and detrapping, its dynamics remain largely unknown. Moreover, coloration mechanisms of electrochromic oxides are also far from clear, limiting the development of superior devices. Here, we visualize ion trapping and detrapping dynamics in a model electrochromic material, amorphous WO 3 . Specifically, formation of orthorhombic Li 2 WO 4 during long-term cycling accounts for the origin of shallow traps. Deep traps are multiple-step-determined, composed of mixed W 4+ -Li 2 WO 4 , amorphous Li 2 WO 4 and W 4+ -Li 2 O. The non-decomposable W 4+ -Li 2 WO 4 couple is the origin of the irreversible traps. Furthermore, we demonstrate that, besides the typical small polaron hopping between W 5+ ↔ W 6+ sites, bipolaron hopping between W 4+ ↔ W 6+ sites gives rise to optical absorption in the short-wavelength region. Overall, we provide a general picture of electrochromism based on polaron hopping. Ion trapping and detrapping were demonstrated to also prevail in other cathodic electrochromic oxides. This work not only provides the ion trapping and detrapping dynamics of WO 3 , but also open avenues to study other cathodic electrochromic oxides and develop superior electrochromic devices with great durability.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2026
·
IF 6.7
Shuhao Sun,Beibei Cai,Rui Tian,Junjie Xu,Dongying Wang,Lei Zhang,Fei He
Visible-light-driven photocatalysis offers a sustainable strategy to eliminate indoor volatile organic compounds (VOCs) like acetaldehyde (AA), thereby improving indoor air quality. Although heterojunctions based on MoS 2 quantum dots (MQDs) attract attention for oxidation reactions, MQDs/WO 3 composites for VOC removal remain largely underexplored. In this study, MQDs/WO 3 heterojunctions were constructed by coupling MQDs with monoclinic (m-WO 3 ) and hexagonal (h-WO 3 ) phases to systematically investigate phase-dependent charge transfer, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and AA degradation pathways. Comprehensive characterizations indicated that MQDs incorporation increased oxygen vacancies, promoted ROS generation, and enhanced visible-light absorption. Furthermore, PL and in situ DRIFTS analyses revealed that MQDs/m-WO 3 exhibited superior electron-hole separation and stronger surface reactivity than the h-WO 3 system. DFT calculations confirmed MQDs as the primary adsorption sites for indoor VOCs, with MQDs/m-WO 3 exhibiting stronger AA adsorption. Consequently, the optimized 0.5MQDs/m-WO 3 demonstrated enhanced AA degradation and mineralization under visible light, exhibiting excellent stability under indoor-relevant operating conditions. This work provides profound insights into interface-regulated charge transfer and offers a promising material design strategy for advanced indoor air purification.
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Nature Communications
·
2026
·
IF 18.1
Zhu Weijie,Lin Yu-Chang,Cong Jianlong,Zhao Mengting,Li Jiahao,Hao Cong,Jia Jun,Wang Xinlu,Huang Yunhui,Lin Yan-Gu,Yang Gang,Yao Fen,Liang Hanfeng
The electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction (NO 3 - RR) offers a promising route to sustainable ammonia synthesis, potentially replacing the energy-intensive Haber-Bosch process. While often studied in neutral or alkaline media, NO 3 - RR in acidic conditions is particularly relevant due to widespread industrial acidic nitrate wastewater, yet it remains challenging due to corrosion and dominant hydrogen evolution. To address this, we designed a corrosion-resistant Ru/WO 3- x heterostructure that spatially separates proton and nitrate adsorption sites. Here, we show that a reverse hydrogen spillover effect, where the WO 3- x support stores and transports protons to surface Ru active sites, dramatically enhances hydrogenation kinetics and suppresses parasitic hydrogen evolution. This catalyst achieves an ammonia Faradaic efficiency of 94.09% at a high current density of 500 mA cm −2 and a working potential of 0.026 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode. Furthermore, we demonstrate a sulfide-nitrate “batterolyzer” with a discharge power density of 43.4 mW cm −2 . This work reveals an effective proton-management strategy for efficient acidic NO 3 - RR, advancing its potential for coupled ammonia synthesis and wastewater treatment.
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高影响因子
ACS Nano
·
2026
·
IF 17.3
Ruofan Zhang,Xingxing Xie,Zanhong Deng,Jie Meng,Xiaohua Ji,Qi Zhang,Ruoqing Zhang,Siyuan Liu,Dandan Rong,Shimao Wang,Xiaodong Fang,Gang Meng
Abstract Selective detection of trace (weakly reducing) dimethyl sulfide (DMS) in highly humid exhaled breath using metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) sensors, with the presence of strong reducing H2S interference gas, is essential for the early diagnosis of hepatic diseases. However, it remains a big challenge in principle. Herein, a bilayer MOS sensor with a Pd–WO3 sensing film and a CuO/Al2O3 filtering overlayer was proposed. The temperature-dependent H2S catalytic oxidation experiment suggests that CuO could effectively filter H2S even under room temperature. Dispersing the CuO particles into insulative Al2O3 carrier could not only selectively remove H2S without significant consumption of DMS but also isolate the underlying Pd–WO3 sensing layer’s response signal from interference caused by that of CuO. By adding the CuO/Al2O3 1:9 filtering overlayer, the response ratio of DMS to H2S was significantly enhanced from 3.3 to 50.4, furthermore, an ultrahigh response (701.3) to 10 ppm DMS, and a low limit of detection of 10 ppb under 90% RH were achieved, which promises the future breath disease diagnosis.
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SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
·
2026
·
IF 5.1
Mengqi Zhen,Yuanyue Qie,Jiahao Li,Yuhua Zhen,Cuiping Jia,Yan Shan
Dual-template hydrothermal synthesis of high-area WO 3 nanosheets. • Ce doping tunes WO 3 with optimal NO 2 sensing at 3% doping level. • Fivefold higher response (189.6 toward 10 ppm NO 2 at 150 °C) vs WO 3 . • Detection limit of 25 ppb with fast response/recovery (28/37 s). Nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) is a hazardous air pollutant, necessitating the development of highly sensitive sensors operating at low temperatures. Herein, Ce-doped WO 3 nanosheets with enhanced surface reactivity were fabricated via a dual-template hydrothermal strategy using PVP and P123. The dual-template approach enables the formation of uniform nanosheets with enlarged specific surface area and abundant accessible active sites, thereby boosting surface adsorption and reaction kinetics. Ce doping further tailors the surface and electronic structures by introducing abundant oxygen vacancies and defect levels that reduce the apparent optical bandgap from 2.45 to 2.37 eV, which enhances charge transfer and adsorption capability. As a result, the 3% Ce-WO 3 sensor exhibits optimal performance at 150°C, delivering a high response of 189.6 toward 10 ppm NO 2 , nearly five times higher than that of pristine WO 3 , along with a low detection limit of 25 ppb, excellent selectivity, and long-term stability. Mechanistic analysis reveals that the synergistic effects of dual-template-derived surface reactivity and Ce-induced electronic modulation reduce the activation energy from 0.57 to 0.31 eV, thereby facilitating NO 2 adsorption and surface redox reactions at low temperatures. This work provides an effective strategy for the rational design of high-performance gas sensors for low-temperature NO 2 detection. Download: Download high-res image (91KB) Download: Download full-size image In summary, we have successfully synthesized Ce-doped WO 3 nanosheets via a dual-template hydrothermal method and systematically investigated their NO 2 sensing performance. Among the investigated samples, the sensor with 3% Ce doping exhibited the optimal NO 2 sensing performance, delivering a high response of 189.6 toward 10 ppm NO 2 at 150°C, which is approximately five times higher than that of pristine WO 3 under identical conditions. In addition, a low detection limit of 25 ppb was achieved, along with rapid response and recovery times of 28 s and 37 s, respectively. Mechanistic investigations reveals that Ce doping introduces abundant surface oxygen vacancies, narrows the apparent optical bandgap from 2.45 to 2.37 eV, and shifts the Fermi level upward, as confirmed by XPS, UV-Vis, and Mott-Schottky measurements. These electronic structure modifications significantly reduce the activation energy and promote surface redox kinetics, thereby enabling highly efficient NO 2 detection at relatively low operating temperatures. This work demonstrates that rare-earth doping, combined with rational morphology engineering, is an effective strategy for regulating the electronic structure and surface properties of WO 3 , providing a promising approach for the development of high-performance gas sensors for next-generation environmental monitoring applications.
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