CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2025
·
IF 13.2
Shuanghui Liu,Zefeng Ge,Mingxun Zeng,Huiyan Zhang
Aldehydes and ketones are regarded as important precursors for hydrocarbon fuel production due to their structural stability and ease of hydrodeoxygenation. In this study, a composite metal catalyst was constructed using alumina as the matrix and Zr and Ce as the active components, which was applied to catalyze the rapid pyrolysis of cellulose for the preparation of aldehydes and ketones. The synergistic roles of metal elements and the transformation pathway of aldehydes and ketones were elucidated, along with the influence of process parameters on product distribution and catalyst structure on activity and coke formation. The results demonstrate that the bimetallic alumina-supported catalyst outperformed the single-metal counterpart, with Zr-Ce/α-Al 2 O 3 showing higher aldehyde and ketone selectivity than Zr-Ce/γ-Al 2 O 3 due to two additional acid sites. Under in-situ pyrolysis at 450 °C and a 1:3 feedstock-to-catalyst ratio, 76 % selectivity to aldehydes and ketones was achieved. ZrO 2 and CeO 2 regulated the acidic sites of alumina and provided lattice oxygen, while the alumina support, in turn, enhanced the catalytic activity of the active metals. The co-precipitated catalyst, with higher BET surface area and stronger acidity, enabled a lower dosage and exhibited greater CeO 2 reducibility. Furfural was identified as the main product of catalytic pyrolysis. Under limited acid sites, it could be converted to 2-methylfuran via hydrogenation or to butanone through ring-opening. Excessive acidity promoted its oxygen addition, leading to acetic acid, which was subsequently ketonized to acetone. In addition, FTIR of the spent catalyst revealed oxygen in coke deposits mainly existed as bound water.
研究领域:
催化化学
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生物能源
·
材料科学
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热化学转化
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可再生燃料
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
·
2025
·
IF 3.8
Yang Bai,Yantao Zhang,Junbin Lu,Mingming Sheng,Jie Jing,Haoyu Fang,Yijie Zhou,Hongyu Gong
The concept of producing structure–function integrated wave-absorbing ceramics by combining three-dimensional (3D) printing with the precursor conversion method has sparked extensive discussion and research. However, the synergistic enhancement of both the mechanical and electromagnetic (EM) properties of structural wave-absorbing ceramics remains an area requiring further exploration. In this study, we employed the direct ink writing (DIW) process and polymer-derived ceramics (PDCs) method to fabricate SiOC/SiCN composites with excellent mechanical and EM properties, modified by the polymer infiltration pyrolysis (PIP) process. The results demonstrated that PIP significantly improved the mechanical properties of SiOC/SiCN composites. After one cycle of infiltration pyrolysis, the compressive strength of the material was 6.3 times that of the unmodified state, and after three cycles, the compressive strength reached 10.13 MPa, which was 12.8 times that of the original. Furthermore, after three cycles of infiltration pyrolysis, the material exhibited effective absorption across the entire X-band range (8.2–12.4 GHz) for thicknesses of 4.0 mm and 4.5 mm, with a minimum reflection loss (RL min ) of −64 dB, showcasing excellent wave-absorbing capabilities. This study provides an innovative solution for the synergistic enhancement of both mechanical and EM properties in structure–function integrated wave-absorbing ceramics.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电磁学
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制造技术
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
PROGRESS IN REACTION KINETICS AND MECHANISM
·
2026
·Vol. 51
·期 1
·
IF 4.8
Songsong Zhang,Daokuan Liang,Xiaofeng Li,Yaohui Fan,Heyi Huang,Xiao He,Lin Wang,Zhaoying Li,Yong Dong
As a major type of agricultural waste, bagasse is rich in volatile matter and low in ash, making it an ideal raw material for thermochemical conversion to hydrogen-rich gas. In this study, an ex-situ microwave-assisted catalytic pyrolysis technique was used. CaO and Na2CO3 and their mixed catalysts in different ratios were selected for the experiments at 550 °C. The aim is to optimize both the hydrogen yield and concentration of the components to produce high-quality fuel. Thermogravimetric analysis (TG/DTG) revealed the influence of the catalysts: Na2CO3 significantly promotes low-temperature deoxygenation, and CaO can effectively adsorb CO2. Molecular dynamics simulations showed that elevated temperatures promote carbon chain breakage, but too high a temperature (2,500 K) may lead to a carbonization cascade reaction, which inhibits bond breakage. The gas-phase products indicate that the mixed catalyst is most effective at a ratio of CaO : Na2CO3 of 1:3, achieving the highest H2 yield (maximum 17.26%) along with significant hydrocarbon generation inhibition (24.90%), and CO content reduction (23.45%). Catalyst characterization confirmed the presence of CaCO3 in the mixed catalysts after pyrolysis. The CaO : Na2CO3 = 1:3 catalyst was found to have a unique fibrous structure and a microporous network. Raman spectroscopy reveals the ordering of the carbon structure and differences in functional groups under the action of different catalysts. This study provides a theoretical basis for further optimizing the pyrolysis process of bagasse, and helps improve the conversion efficiency of biomass energy.
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy
·
2019
·Vol. 13
·期 6
·870-905
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IF 0
Iqbal Tahir,Lu Qiang,Zhang Zhen-Xi,Ali Zulfiqar,Li Kai,Ma Shan-Wei,Abbas Adnan,Dong Chang-Qing
Analytical pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) technique was employed to explore lignocellulosic biomass catalytic pyrolysis with transition metal nitride catalysts (TiN, ZrN, and W2N). Various factors like suitability of catalysts, catalyst to biomass
(C/B) ratio and pyrolysis temperature on pyrolytic product distribution were investigated for their roles in improvement of fuel properties of pyrolysis oil. The results indicated that TiN significantly facilitated the cleavage of lignin to produce phenolic compounds. It also devolatilized
holocellulose to produce organic volatile compounds by reducing linear aldehydes while increasing furans and cyclopentanones. The maximum volatile product yield was recorded when the pyrolysis temperature was 500 °C and C/B ratio was 1. It was further noted that maximum contents of phenolics,
cyclopentanones and furans produced from the catalytic process were 1.53, 1.37 and 1.80 times higher than those in the noncatalytic process, respectively. In addition, the content of linear aldehydes was reduced expressively to 3.32 times compared to non-catalytic process. The maximal content
of stable phenolics obtained from the catalytic process was 2.31 times greater than non-catalytic process. Comparing overall effect, TiN was most capable to upgrade bio-oil by lowering oxygen content and increasing phenolics, cyclopentanones and furans. It expressed promising catalytic properties
towards high grade pyrolysis oil.
研究领域:
生物能源
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催化化学
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生物质转化
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分析化学
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可再生燃料
✓ 已验证
DOI
BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
·
2026
·
IF 5.8
Kai Wu,Yijie Zheng,Mingfan Li,Wenguang Zheng,Mingguang Song,Liandong Hu,Ke Yang,Jiajun Yu,Huiyan Zhang
Renewable and short-season bamboo is a potential feedstock to produce pyrolytic sugars (e.g., levoglucosan) that can be upgraded into liquid fuels and chemicals. However, cellulose in bamboo is tightly intertwined with lignin and hemicellulose, forming a high recalcitrance and complex composition, resulting in hindering the effective release of levoglucosan during fast pyrolysis. The novel route of bamboo pretreated by deep eutectic solvents (DESs) coupled with fast pyrolysis was proposed for producing pyrolytic sugars. The results showed that the bamboo pretreated by choline chloride (ChCl)/formic acid (FA) produced the levoglucosan yield of 198.6 mg/g via fast pyrolysis, increased by about 43 times as compared to raw bamboo, while the relative contents of phenols and acids were significantly reduced. The characteristic analysis showed that the activation energy of the pretreated sample is in a direct proportional relationship with the crystallinity index. The change of crystallinity index and removal of lignin and AAEMs promoted the levoglucosan formation. This work provides an effective route to convert highly resistant lignocellulose into pyrolytic sugars via fast pyrolysis.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
·
2019
·Vol. 25
·期 68
·15586-15593
·
IF 5.16
Rengui Li,Yixuan Yang,Na Sun,Long Kuai
Development of Pt group metal-free catalysts for low-temperature CO oxidation remains critical. In this work, active and stable mesoporous Cu-Ce-O x solid solutions are prepared by using spray pyrolysis. The specific surface areas and pore volumes reach as high as 170 m 2 g −1 and 0.24 cm 3 g −1 , respectively. The results of CO oxidation study suggest that (1) the catalyst obtained by spray pyrolysis possesses much higher activity than those made by co-precipitation, sol-gel, and hydrothermal methods; (2) the optimal Cu 0.2 -Ce 0.8 -O x solid solution presents a reactivity over 28 times that of both single-component CuO and CeO 2 at 70 °C. Based on the study of pure-phase Cu-Ce-O x solid solutions by selective leaching of segregated CuO x species, the active center for CO oxidation is confirmed as the bimetallic Cu-Ce-O site, whereas the individual CuO x particles not only act as spectators but also block the active Cu-Ce-O sites. A low apparent activation energy of approximately 48 kJ mol −1 is detected for CO oxidation at the Cu-Ce-O site, making Cu-Ce-O x solid solutions able to present high activity at low temperature. Furthermore, the Cu-Ce-O x catalysts exhibit excellent stability and thermal tolerance toward CO oxidation. Graphical Pt-free CO oxidation : Well-shaped mesoporous Cu-Ce-O x solid solutions were produced for low-temperature CO oxidation by using a nitrate spray pyrolysis route, and a selective leaching strategy was adopted to remove the surface segregated CuO x species. The bimetallic Cu-Ce-O site was confirmed as the active center for CO oxidation, whereas the individually segregated CuO x species not only acted as spectators, but also blocked the active Cu-Ce-O sites (see scheme).
研究领域:
催化化学
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材料科学
·
环境化学
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能源化学
·
纳米材料
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2026
·
IF 6.7
Tong Zeng,Hui Cheng,Jingmei Zhang,Shuai Xiong,Enxin Dong,Dongchao He,XiangMin Zhao,Qin Guo
The development of highly efficient catalysts for hydrogen production via water electrolysis is crucial for advancing hydrogen energy applications. This study successfully synthesized a Cu-W 2 C heterostructure supported on carbon nanofibers (Cu-W 2 C /CNFs) using a combined solid-phase hot-pressing and pyrolysis strategy. The prepared Cu-W 2 C/CNFs catalyst exhibits outstanding hydrogen evolution reaction performance, achieving a current density of 10 mA cm −2 in alkaline pure water and simulated seawater with overpotentials of only 89 and 102 mV, respectively. The catalyst maintains good stability after 100 h of continuous operation. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the Cu-W 2 C heterostructure effectively optimizes the Gibbs free energy of hydrogen adsorption. Strong synergistic interactions at the heterointerface induce significant interfacial charge redistribution, thereby enhancing HER catalytic activity. This study provides guidance for synthesizing non-precious metal/carbon electrocatalysts via solid-phase hot-pressing technology.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2026
·
IF 6
Qiang Liu,Yunman Li,Shuojian Wu,Lingjiao Zhan,Mengxu Zhang,Xiaolei Song
The performance of sol-gel-derived fibers is critically governed by the pyrolysis process. This study investigates the structure-directing effect of water vapor during the pyrolysis stage on the phase evolution, microstructural development, and mechanical properties of alumina-mullite fibers. The results reveal a strong non-monotonic dependence of microstructural evolution on water vapor flow rate. At 0.72 mL/h, a moderate degree of hydroxylation effectively modifies the amorphous aluminosilicate network. Through a significant legacy effect, this early-stage chemical modification promotes uniform crystallization of γ-Al 2 O 3 nanocrystals at 800 °C and subsequent homogeneous reaction sintering. Consequently, the fibers develop a dense, fine-grained microstructure at 1400 °C with a peak tensile strength of 1.59 GPa. Insufficient hydroxylation triggers premature mullitization and coarsening, whereas excess moisture fragments the network and promotes abnormal grain growth. Finally, this study proposes a cross-scale regulatory model that links the early-stage chemical modification via hydroxylation to microstructural inheritance.
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
·
2026
·
IF 6.7
Rongjing Zhang,Yi Zhang,Ziyue Tang,Yingquan Chen,Haiping Yang,Hanping Chen
Protein-rich biomass is a promising feedstock for producing N-containing chemicals via catalytic pyrolysis, yet poor product selectivity remains a critical bottleneck. Therefore, it is of great significance to improve the catalyst activity and catalytic efficiency for the for the highly selective synthesis of N-containing chemicals. This study pioneered bottleneck the modification of HZSM-5 zeolite with Fe and Co for the catalytic pyrolysis of soybean protein to produce indoles. The results indicated that Fe and Co loading reduced the number of Brønsted acid sites on HZSM-5 while generating novel Lewis acid sites, such acid rearrangement improved the yield of liquid oil and facilitated indoles formation. Among monometallic Fe or Co modified HZSM-5, 1 wt% Fe/HZSM-5 obtained the maximum content and selectivity of total indoles (35.5% and 55.6%, respectively). Furthermore, Fe-Co bimetallic modification with Low Fe/Co ratio exists a synergistic effect on indole, but excess Fe is unfavorable for indoles production. Fe 1 Co 3 /HZSM-5 further increased total indoles content and selectivity (37.6% and 61.6%, respectively). The Lewis acid sites were conducive to the formation of indole, Fe 1 Co 3 /HZSM-5 had the highest content of Lewis acid sites. This work provides a novel technical pathway for indole production via catalytic pyrolysis of biomass with endogenous nitrogen.
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DOI
高影响因子
Applications in Energy and Combustion Science
·
2021
·
IF 0
Chao Li,Yifan Sun,Lijun Zhang,Qingyang Li,Shu Zhang,Xun Hu
Coal and biomass are two important carbonaceous feedstock and their co-pyrolysis has been proven to modify the fuel properties of resulting oil and char. Nevertheless, how do the volatiles from coal impact the property of biochar from biomass is largely unknown. In this study, sequential pyrolysis of coal in upper bed with sawdust, cellulose, or lignin in lower bed at 600 °C was investigated. The volatiles from the pyrolysis of coal did react with the biochar from biomass, which promoted cracking reactions and resulted in the formation of more gases at expense of biochar. The coal-derived volatiles enhanced the cracking or gasification of sugar derivatives and impacted the evolution of aromatic phenols. Furthermore, coal-derived volatiles also promoted the cracking or deoxygenation of oxygen-containing functionalities, making the biochar carbon-rich with higher crystallinity but reduced the thermal stability. Additionally, the hydrophilicity and the evolution of functionalities on surface biochar was also significantly affected by the volatiles from pyrolysis of coal.
研究领域:
能源与燃料
·
化学工程
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
CRYSTENGCOMM
·
2014
·Vol. 17
·期 5
·1168-1172
·
IF 3.858
Shaojuan Luo,Jiyun Feng,Ka Ming Ng
Indium–tin carboxylate precursors were successfully synthesized by a direct reaction of indium and tin metals with a molten fatty acid under a nitrogen atmosphere at 260 °C. A linear relationship between the reaction initiation temperature and the number of carbon atoms of the fatty acids ranging from capric acid to stearic acid was observed. There was a 7 °C increase in the reaction initiation temperature for an increase of one carbon atom in the fatty acid. Nearly monodisperse 7–9 nm ITO nanocrystals without agglomeration were synthesized by direct pyrolysis of the as-synthesized precursors without using additional organic solvents. The fatty acid had a minor effect on the decomposition temperature and the mean ITO particle size, but affected the particle size distribution. TOF-SIMS data confirmed that the residue fatty acids on the surface of the indium tin oxide (ITO) nanoparticles served as a built-in surfactant leading to excellent dispersity of the ITO nanocrystals in non-polar solvents.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
纳米技术
·
化学合成
·
表面化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS
·
2021
·
IF 3.178
Qiaoyan Shang,Jifa Xiao,Xiaojuan Liu,Yujie Ling,Wenge Liu,Guanwei Cui,Xifeng Shi,Shuqian Xia,Bo Tang
Biomass pyrolysis oil is a renewable resource and some of compounds (such as ketones, phenols and furans) in biomass pyrolysis oil are very useful compounds that can be used as raw materials for production of fine chemicals. Vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) data are critical and fundamental for designing distillation separation process. The VLE experiment and calculation of ketone-related binary systems (2-butanone + cyclopentanone, 2,3-butanedione + cyclopentanone) at atmospheric pressure are studied in this work. Binary interaction parameters of activity coefficient models (NRTL, Wilson and UNIQUAC) are obtained by correlating VLE experimental data. The new group CH 2 COCH 2 is defined and the new group interaction parameters are presented and used to predict VLE data by UNIFAC-DMD model. The distillation separation process of ketones is designed and simulated based on VLE results. This work will provide theoretical basis and technical guidance for industrial separation process of biomass pyrolysis oil.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
可再生能源
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）