Materials
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2022
·Vol. 15
·期 3
·793
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IF 3.748
Hai Tang,Yuhao Zhou,Wenjie Yuan
To investigate the action mechanism of titanium, the effects of different Ti-bearing compounds, including CaTiO3, MgTiO3, and nano-TiO2, on the properties of alumina–magnesia castables were studied. By analyzing the phase compositions, microstructures, and physical and mechanical properties of the castables, it was demonstrated that an intermediate product, CaTiO3, was first generated. This was then consumed by solid-solution reactions, and titanium was involved in the liquid formation as the temperature increased. The solid-solution reaction of CA6(CaAl12O19) was more prominent due to the incorporation of more titanium in the crystal lattice of CA6instead of spinel (MgAl2O4). Moreover, the liquid formation was strongly promoted when more titanium accompanied the calcium, which finally accelerated the densification and improved the strengths of alumina–magnesia castables. On the whole, castables with CaTiO3addition presented higher bulk density and excellent strength after the heat treatment. Besides, the castables with 2 wt.% CaTiO3contents were estimated to possess greater thermal shock resistance.Keywords:Ti-bearing compounds;CA6;spinel;castables
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
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2022
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IF 6.371
Chaorui Xue,Ruirui Huang,Ruizhi Xue,Qing Chang,Ning Li,Jinfang Zhang,Shengliang Hu,Jinlong Yang
Recently, nanosized titanium oxides have attracted much attention for the technology of interfacial solar driven water evaporation (ISDWE). Various titanium oxides, such as TiO 2 nanocage, Ti 2 O 3 nanoparticle , and TiO 2 nanotube , are favorable to provoke high water evaporation performance. In this work, ultrathin TiO 2 nanosheets coated Ti plates were developed and applied on ISDWE. The ultrathin TiO 2 nanosheet was obtained through hydrothermal treatment of Ti plate in aqueous NaOH solution, and C, N co-doping was realized through adding methionine in the solution. As the formation of nanosheet and C, N co-doping, the TiO 2 nanosheets coated Ti plate exhibited enhanced solar light absorbility, water pumping ability, and specific surface area. Molecular dynamics simulations also indicated that the water-water and TiO 2 -water interactions can be weakened by C, N co-doping. Owning to the above reason, a notable high water evaporation rate of 1.57 kg•m −2 •h −1 was achieved. Furthermore, the shape of Ti plate also affected the ISDWE performance, C, N co-doped TiO 2 nanosheets coated square Ti plate showed a higher water evaporation rate than other shapes. Lastly, the enhanced photocatalytic activity of C, N co-doped TiO 2 nanosheets coated Ti plate also enabled purification of unevaporated water and stable water evaporation rate during ISDWE experiment on RhB solution. This report highlights the advantages and potential of TiO 2 nanosheet in the application of ISDWE on water purification.
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CATALYSIS TODAY
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2022
·
IF 6.562
Xinchao Liu,Huan Liu,Lihua Chen,Baolian Su,Xinhuan Lu,Qinghua Xia,Dan Zhou
Herein, highly efficient Ti-containing zeolite catalyst (Ti/Al-HSZ) has been prepared by an active catalysis species surface implanting strategy (ACS-SIS) through the combination of precedent acid treatment and subsequent recrystallization. Compared with commercial titanosilicate zeolite catalysts and Ti-HSZ catalyst synthesized by one-step method, Ti/Al-HSZ- c - 3.5d-AT catalyst presents highly enhanced catalytic activity and turnover number values in the epoxidation of linear and cycloalkenes by using 30% H 2 O 2 as oxygen agent under mild reaction conditions. Particularly for the conversion of bulky linear alkene and cycloalkene (1-dodecene and cycloheptene), the catalytic activity of Ti/Al-HSZ- 4M‐3.5d‐AT can attained more than three times than that over Ti-HSZ- 3.5d-AT . Based on systematical comparison and analysis, on one hand, the excellent catalytic performance of Ti/Al-HSZ is ascribed to its unique hollownest morphology that acts as ideal reaction space by providing with plenty of hierarchical porous structure and high external surface, which is beneficial for the diffusion and mass transfer of bulky substrate. On the other hand, the high content of active open Ti species locating on the surface of catalyst is particularly beneficial for the formation of transition state to accelerate the epoxidation reaction. Not only the Ti source utilization rate but also the Ti open incorporated rate of Ti/Al-HSZ- 4M‐3.5d‐AT prepared by ACS-SIS is much higher than that of Ti-HSZ prepared by one-step hydrothermal synthesis route. The effects of acid treatment and recrystallization on the zeolite framework, morphology, chemical composition, and Ti coordination states have been thoroughly discussed. The ACS-SIS is believed to be an effective route to construct excellent solid heterogeneous catalyst to meet the urgent need of green chemistry for sustainable development.
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Frontiers in Chemistry
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2022
·
IF 5.545
Wang Chuan,Cao Zhifen,Huang Hongtao,Liu Hong,Wang Sha
Nitrate pollution is already a global problem, and the electrocatalytic reduction of nitrate is a promising technology for the remediation of wastewater and polluted water bodies. In this work, Co3O4/Ti electrodes were prepared by electrodeposition for the electrocatalytic reduction of nitrate. The morphology, chemical, and crystal structures of Co3O4/Ti and its catalytic activity were investigated. Then, the electrocatalytic nitrate reduction performance of Co3O4/Ti as the cathode was evaluated by monitoring the removal efficiencies of nitrate (NO3−-N) and total nitrogen (TN), generation of reduction products, current efficiency (CE), and energy consumption (EC) at different operating conditions. Under the catalysis of Co3O4/Ti, NO3− was reduced to N2 and NH4+, while no NO2− was produced. After the introduction of chloride ions and IrO2-RuO2/Ti as the anode, NH4+ was selectively oxidized to N2. The removal efficiencies of NO3−-N (at 100 mg/L) and TN after 2 h were 91.12% and 60.25%, respectively (pH 7.0; Cl− concentration, 2000 mg/L; current density, 15 mA/cm2). After 4 h of operation, NO3−-N and TN were completely removed. However, considering the EC and CE, a 2-h reaction was the most appropriate. The EC and CE were 0.10 kWh/g NO3−N and 40.3%, respectively, and electrocatalytic performance was maintained after 10 consecutive reduction cycles (2 h each). The cathode Co3O4/Ti, which is prepared by electrodeposition, can effectively remove NO3−-N, with low EC and high CE.
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NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
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2022
·Vol. 46
·期 37
·17767-17775
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IF 3.925
Ji-Ping Jia,Yu-Lu Zhang,Jin-Yu Gou,Yi-Xuan Zhang,Yu-Ke Dai,Hong-Hua Ge,Yu-Zeng Zhao,Xin-Jing Meng
A Ti/SnO2–Sb–Cu–Zn electrode was prepared for the electrocatalytic oxidation of Acid Red 18 (AR18). The addition of Zn to the coating results in smaller surface cracks and greater roughness. When Cu and Zn coexist, high-index crystal planes are generated on smaller-sized grains formed on the coating surface, which allows the coating surface to adsorb oxygen. Sb5+ and the adjacent Cu2+–Zn2+ on the surface of the Cu–Zn co-doped coating are the advantageous active sites for adsorbed oxygen. The electrode exhibits a larger electrochemically active surface area and smaller electrochemical reaction resistance. The appearance of high-index crystal planes is beneficial to improve the electrocatalytic activity of the electrode, although the oxygen evolution potential of the electrode is not greatly improved. Cu–Zn co-doping produces synergistic mineralisation and enhances the ability to degrade AR18, and ˙OH is the main active species. During the thermal decomposition of the coating, Zn induces Cu to form more active sites on the high-index crystal planes of SnO2, a phenomenon that may be responsible for the synergistic production of more reactive oxygen species on the electrode surface.
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JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY A-CHEMISTRY
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2022
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IF 5.141
Zekai Sheng,Fengming Hou,Leilei Zou,Yihang Li,Jiaxin Li,Jin Li,Libang Ai,Wei Wei,Ang Wei
Aspergillus fumigatus ( A. fumigatus ) is a representative significant pathogenic fungus and its spores are arduous to inactivate. Herein, an efficient and environmental-friendly photocatalytic method to eliminate A. fumigatus spores was demonstrated. Zn-Ti layered double hydroxide (Zn-Ti LDH), showed the admirable activity with above 99.34% disinfection rate under visible light illumination for 6 h. The compelling sterilization activities were ascribed to the potent synergistic effect of zinc ions (Zn 2+ ) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). The attack of these species caused the eradication of fungal cell structure, and resulting in the leakage of cytoplasmic as demonstrated by scanning electron microscope, confocal laser scanning microscope and potassium ions (K + ) leakage test. In addition, Zn-Ti LDH released Zn 2+ and ROS only under visible light irradiation, which endows the material light-triggered bactericidal property. Overall, these findings not only provide a green and sustainable way to control A. fumigatus contaminations, but also can be as an example to control other toxic fungi in future study.
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Journal of Energy Chemistry
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2022
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IF 13.599
Tingting Yang,Yalan Huang,Jian Zhang,He Zhu,Jincan Ren,Tianyi Li,Leighanne C. Gallington,Si Lan,Ligao Yang,Qi Liu
Iron- and manganese-based layered metal oxides, as cathodes for sodium ion batteries, have received widespread attention because of the low cost and high specific capacity. However, the Jahn-teller effect of Mn 3+ ions and the resulted unstable structure usually lead to continuously capacity decay. Herein, Titanium (Ti) has been successfully doped into Na 2/3 Fe 1/3 Mn 2/3 O 2 to suppress the Jahn-Teller distortion and improve both cycling and rate performance of sodium ion batteries. In situ high-energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction study shows that Ti-doped compound (Na 2/3 Fe 1/3 Mn 0.57 Ti 0.1 O 2 ) can maintain the single P2 phase without any phase transition during the whole charging/discharging process. Various electrochemical characterizations are also applied to explore the better kinetics of sodium ions transfer in the Na 2/3 Fe 1/3 Mn 0.57 Ti 0.1 O 2 . This work provides a comprehensive insight into the Ti-doping effects on the performance from both structural and electrokinetic perspectives.
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PLoS One
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2022
·Vol. 17
·期 8
·e0271075
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IF 3.752
Bicun Jiang,Fuqiang Liu,Yang Pan,Yan Tan,Chendong Shuang,Aimin Li
Tetracycline (TC) is widely-used antibiotic pollutant with high toxicity, refractory, persistence and bacteriostasis, and its removal from water needs to be enhanced. In this work, a novel Graphite-UiO-66(Zr)/Ti electrode was successfully prepared and evaluated for electrochemical oxidation degradation of TC. The electrochemical performance tests indicate the Graphite-UiO-66(Zr)/Ti electrode had higher electrochemical oxidation activity, which achieved higher TC removal efficiency (98.1% ± 1.5%) than Ti plate (65.2% ± 3.5%), Graphite-MIL-53(Al)/Ti electrode (79.5% ± 2.9%) and Graphite-MIL-100(Fe)/Ti electrode (89.0% ± 2.6%). The influence of operating condition was also systematically studied, and the optimized condition was pH 5.0, 20 mA/cm 2 current density and 0.1 M electrolyte (Na 2 SO 4 ). Through the liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS), the TC degradation pathway by Graphite-UiO-66(Zr)/Ti electrode oxidation was proposed. Under the •OH free radical oxidative decomposition effect, the double bond, phenolic group and amine group of TC were attacked. TC was transformed into intermediate product ① (m/z = 447), then was further degraded to intermediates ② (m/z = 401) and ③ (m/z = 417). The latter was fragmented into small fractions ④ (m/z = 194), ⑤but-2-enedioic acid (m/z = 116) and ⑥oxalic acid (m/z = 90, the proposed intermediate). In addition, TC removal remained at 89.6% ± 2.7% in the sixth cycle of operation, which confirmed the efficient reusability and stability for antibiotics removal from water.
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Small Structures
·
2022
·Vol. 4
·期 1
·2200161
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IF 11.343
Lu Chen,Youbing Li,Ke Chen,Xiaojing Bai,Mian Li,Shiyu Du,Zhifang Chai,Qing Huang
Entropy stabilization is an effective method to design and explore MAX phases with outstanding properties via tuning constituent elements and crystal structures, which have received considerable critical attention. Currently, some medium-/high-entropy (ME/HE) MAX phases, whose A layers are composed of Al, S, and magnetic elements, are reported, while few discussions about ME/HE-MAX phases with other A elements (e.g., Sn) are conducted. Herein, fully dense ME/HE-MAX phase bulks ((TiVNb) 2 SnC, (TiVNbZr) 2 SnC, and (TiVNbZrHf) 2 SnC) are designed and synthesized because of the chemical diversity of MAX phases. The results of Rietveld refinement of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy-affiliated energy-dispersive spectrometer analysis comprehensively verify the crystal structure of ME/HE-MAX phases. Both the electrical conductivity and the charge carrier mobility are significantly lower than the reported correlation ternary MAX phases, due to the electron scattering and structural defects in ME/HE-MAX phase crystal structures. Similarly, the electron contribution of thermal conductivity is gradually declining; on the contrary, the phonon plays an increasingly dominant role as temperature increases. Owing to the richness in composition of MAX phases, herein, a composition design route for discovering new MAX phases and tuning their properties is indicated.
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MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
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2022
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IF 6.044
Hao Wang,Fei Chen,Jiahao Zhao,Yaojun Lin,Qiang Shen
This paper presents a method of dealloying combined molten salt electrolysis (MSE) to prepare porous Ti alloy. The oxidation produced in dealloying process can be reduced efficiently by MSE. Meanwhile, the grain grew and the second phase of acicular nanocrystals was precipitated to enhance the mechanical properties during MSE process.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2021
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IF 7.312
Guanglai Mo,Linxi Wang,Jianhong Luo
It is a challenge to achieve efficient photocatalytic activity of pure MOFs. Herein, the defective NH 2 -MIL-125(Ti) with adjustable linker vacancy level was successfully created by thermal treatment. The band gaps of samples decreased and the more Ti-O clusters on the surface of the samples can be achieved as the time of thermal treatment increased from 0 to 500 min, both of which facilitated the photocatalytic activity for the reduction of Cr(VI). Moreover, the ligands from the surface to the inside of the samples were successively decarboxylated, resulting in the declined specific surface area and the increased proportion of mesoporous and the defect level. The moderate defect level in NH 2 -MIL-125(Ti) can be obtained as the time of thermal treatment was 300 min, which facilitated the separation of photogenerated charges, contributing to the highest photocatalytic activity for reduction of Cr(VI), which was 9.2 times than that of the initial MOFs. However, the excessive linker vacancy defect level in NH 2 -MIL-125(Ti) may result in the seriously affected crystal structure and the retarded separation of photogenerated charges.
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Materials Chemistry Frontiers
·
2021
·Vol. 5
·期 16
·6101-6113
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IF 6.482
Haikuo Ma,Haoyi Lin,Xiuquan Liu,Hongying Lü,Zhiguo Zhu
Fabricating hierarchical porosity in a metallosilicate zeolite crystal is a facile and efficient approach to increase the accessibility of active sites and to enhance the diffusion performance in the process of catalytic reactions, particularly those involving bulky guest organics. The straightforward and efficient synthesis of hierarchical metallosilicate zeolites was intensively limited by the high-cost mesoporogen, complicated and tedious synthesis procedures, broad mesoporous size distribution, restricted zeolite topologies, and low solid yield. Herein, an innovative hydrothermal synthesis methodology of a hierarchical heteroatom-containing zeolite, in this case of Ti-Beta, via in situ structural reconstruction was proposed. Tetraethylammonium hydroxide (TEAOH) played significant roles of not only as base source, functioning etching effect, but also as structure directing agent (SDA), reconstructing the framework structure in this hydrothermal synthesis. The mesoporosity and Ti4+ species coordinate state could be regulated by varying the TEAOH content, which was closely related to the catalytic activity in oxidative desulfurization. The optimal hierarchical Ti-Beta zeolite with a mesopore size of 7.8 nm and a high solid yield of more than 96% exhibited outstanding catalytic oxidation performance, far outperforming the hydrothermally synthesized Ti-Beta zeolite and postsynthesized Ti-Beta zeolite. This work provides a straightforward and facile methodology for rationally constructing the hierarchical Ti-Beta zeolite, which is promising to be an extension to synthesize other hierarchical heteroatom-containing zeolites without the assistance of a mesoporogen in a short time.
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