ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
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2026
·
IF 8.2
Zeyi Guan,Yidong Huang,Suye Li,Liuyan Zhang,Renyu Zhou,Lichan Wu,Danting Wu,Gengzhe Shen,Guibin Tan
Designing electrocatalysts that are both highly efficient and remarkably stable for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) holds immense significance in enhancing the performance efficiency of water electrolysis within renewable energy systems. In this study, a MoSe2@NiFe2O4 p–n heterostructure was constructed to effectively regulate the interfacial built-in electric field (BIEF), thereby tuning the electronic distribution and transfer behavior and optimizing the adsorption/desorption reaction kinetics. Structural and electronic characterizations confirmed a pronounced work function difference (Δ = 1.9 eV) between MoSe2 and NiFe2O4, which drives spontaneous electron migration from MoSe2 to NiFe2O4. This leads to the generation of a strong BIEF at the interface, which, in turn, promotes efficient separation and transfer of charge. Benefiting from this, the MoSe2@NiFe2O4 electrode exhibits outstanding OER performance in 1.0 M KOH, requiring only 212 mV to achieve a current density of 10 mA cm–2 and 290 mV to deliver 1000 mA cm–2, while sustaining a minimal overpotential and demonstrating exceptional stability, even when subjected to high current densities, thereby outperforming the majority of previously reported OER catalysts. This work demonstrates that exploiting work function differences to construct and regulate interfacial BIEF offers a new strategy and theoretical foundation for designing highly efficient OER electrocatalysts via interfacial engineering.
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Antibiotics-Basel
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2026
·Vol. 15
·期 2
·208
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IF 5.5
Haixin Sun,Yujie Zhang,Guoqing Gi,Chen Yao
Background: Natural antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) present a promising solution to address the global threat of drug-resistant infections; however, their clinical translation is challenged by limitations in stability, cytotoxicity, and production costs. Methods: In the present study, a linear Battacin-derived peptide (DDLFD) was modified at the N-terminus with lipid chains, cinnamic acid, or lipoic acid. The lipoic acid-modified variant was further crosslinked by UV irradiation to form stable nanoparticles. The antibacterial performance against planktonic and biofilm bacteria was systematically evaluated in vitro. Results: The results demonstrated that lauric acid-modified pentapeptide (C12-5) and crosslinked lipoic acid-modified pentapeptide (cLA-5) exhibited potent and rapid-acting effects against various pathogens, including methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA). Moreover, they showed enhanced efficacy in eradicating bacterial biofilms. Biosafety assessments based on hemolysis and cytotoxicity assays indicated favorable biocompatibility profiles of cLA-5. Mechanistic investigations confirmed that the modified pentapeptides retained a membrane-targeting mode of action characteristic of natural AMPs, involving membrane depolarization and increased permeability. This physical mechanism effectively prevented the development of resistance in sequential passaging assays and showed strong synergistic effects with ciprofloxacin against ciprofloxacin-resistant strains, effectively restoring their antibiotic susceptibility. Conclusions: Together, these findings underscore the strategic potential of rational structural modification, especially the crosslinked nanostructure, in advancing engineered AMPs toward clinical application.
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CELL
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2026
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IF 45.1
Lihui Lin,Jing Zhong,Fuqing Jiang,Yu-xiang Wang,Lan-yue Ma,Jia-xin Yang,Yu-yan Li,Rong-Rong Gao,Huijian Feng,Baomei Cai,Ziyu Feng,Xin Zhou,Ya-hai Shu,Pan Chen,Xue Wu,Chen-Leng Cai,Qiang Wang,Guangming Wu,Duanqing Pei,Shangtao Cao,Yang Liu,Guangdun Peng,Jiekai Chen,Qi Chen
Endothelial cells (ECs) are essential components of the vertebrate circulatory system; however, a comprehensive atlas characterizing how ECs acquire organ-specific transcriptomic heterogeneity has not been established. Here, we generated a time-series endothelial resource covering the entirety of mouse embryonic development, including 26 time points and 8 organs. Time-series multi-organ comparison revealed emergence timing and lineage trajectory of organotypic ECs together with organ-specific genes and pathways. Using these resources, we found that most ECs showed distinguishable organ specificity before late gestation. The organotypic EC-enriched genes were associated with vascular function in the organs. Human and mouse pulmonary ECs underwent an evolutionarily conserved transcriptional transition. Endothelial-specific knockout of Casz1, a pulmonary EC-enriched transcription factor, resulted in impaired vascular growth, disturbed pulmonary endothelial organotypic differentiation, and deficient epithelial-EC crosstalk. Our work provides a powerful endothelial resource that reveals fundamental principles of organ-specific EC differentiation and uncovers previously unknown molecular mechanisms governing lung-specific vascular development.
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NEUROCHEMICAL RESEARCH
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2026
·Vol. 51
·期 1
·73
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IF 4.5
Zhou Juan,Li Haipeng,Wen Ying,He Lingli,He Yangli,Meng Heng
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a rare but serious inflammatory demyelinating disease. A key characteristic of NMOSD is the presence of a pathogenic autoantibody in serum called aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G (AQP4-IgG). This study investigates the mechanism of astrocyte-derived small extracellular vesicles (EVs) carrying mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) to promote AQP4-IgG-induced microglial activation in neuromyelitis optica (NMO) via the toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)/myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88)/nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. Serum IgG was isolated from NMOSD patients (AQP4-IgG) and healthy controls (Con-IgG). Astrocytes were treated with AQP4-IgG or Con-IgG. EVs were isolated via ultracentrifugation, characterized, and examined for internalization. Microglia were exposed to EVs, and mtDNA levels were assessed. An NMO mouse model was established, with neurological damage, mouse behaviors, tissue damage, and microglial characterization evaluated using modified neurological severity score, open-field test, rotarod test, luxol fast blue staining, and flow cytometry. Inflammatory cytokines, TLR9, MyD88, p65, IκBα, p-p65, and p-IκBα in BV2 cells and spinal cord tissues were analyzed via ELISA, RT-qPCR, and western blot. AQP4-IgG-induced astrocyte-derived EVs increased Iba1-high-expressing and CD86/tumor necrosis factor-α-high-expressing cells, reduced CD206/transforming growth factor-β-high-expressing cells, and boosted inflammatory responses. AQP4-IgG-induced EVs carried mtDNA to activate microglia via the TLR9/MyD88/NF-κB pathway. TLR9/MyD88/NF-κB pathway inhibition reversed AQP4-IgG-induced EVs’ promotion on microglial activation. In vivo, AQP4-IgG-induced EVs-mtDNA exacerbated microglial activation and NMO through the TLR9/MyD88/NF-κB pathway. AQP4-IgG-induced EVs carried mtDNA to upregulate TLR9, further activating the MyD88/NF-κB pathway, thereby promoting microglial activation and transition toward pro-inflammatory gene-high-expressing cells to drive NMO progression.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2026
·
IF 9.1
Xinlu Li,Yong Cao,Jie Tang,Yihan Zhao,Subhan Mahmood,Shun Yao
Snake shedding skin (snake molt) exhibits good potential for nutritional and functional applications, yet current methods for sustainable and efficient extraction of protein peptides from such an animal raw material are relatively limited. Herein, we reported novel foaming deep eutectic solvents (FDES) loaded effervescent discs for enriching target protein peptides in hydrolyzed extract of snake molt. Two kinds of natural sweeteners were used in the FDESs, which played an important role on foam stabilization and endowed FDESs with higher biocompatibility. After comprehensive characterizations, the discs exhibited good properties and expected forming performance. Under the ideal conditions, the effervescent discs enriched 91.40% protein peptides within 4 min, which was much higher than the alcohol precipitation method (40.12% within 3 d) and the aqueous two-phase system (80.67% within 1 h). Green assessment and scale-up experiments were also carried out for possible actual applications. Finally, the enriched product was analyzed by comprehensive physicochemical characterizations confirmed structural integrity and performance. The developed method offers a rapid, sustainable approach for obtaining peptides from natural products.
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MATERIALS & DESIGN
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2026
·
IF 8.2
Dashuai Li,Zijian Lin,Wanyi Zhao,Liqun Li,Pan Zhang
Diabetic chronic wounds (DCWs) remain a severe clinical challenge due to their prolonged inflammatory response, impaired tissue repair, high risk of bacterial infection, and limited angiogenesis. To address this, we developed a multifunctional dressing, HA-RHC-AP@MSC-Exo, integrating hyaluronic acid, recombinant human collagen, silver-containing apatite, and mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Exo). The dressing exhibits optimal hydrophilicity and degradation rates matching tissue repair. In vitro , it demonstrated potent antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli , augmented by photothermal effects under NIR irradiation. Furthermore, HA-RHC-AP@MSC-Exo promoted the transition of macrophages from pro-inflammatory M1 to anti-inflammatory M2 phenotypes and enhanced fibroblast migration and angiogenesis. In vivo studies in diabetic rat confirmed accelerated wound closure with nearly complete healing by day 15. Histological and transcriptomic analyses revealed enhanced collagen deposition, vascularization, and regulation of key signaling pathways involved in tissue remodeling. Consequently, HA-RHC-AP@MSC-Exo offers a synergistic therapeutic strategy for effective DCW treatment
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APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
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2026
·
IF 19.7
Huiluan Qin,Liang Luo,Qi Shen,Penglei Xu,Song Lu,Yeqing Wang,Jiadi Ying,Tiancun Liu,Min Guo,Wenna Huang,Kun Guo,Chun Chen,Guozhong Wang,Zhixin Yu
The development of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalysts operating under high current densities is critical for advancing industrial water electrolysis toward green hydrogen production. Herein, we report an ultra-stable hierarchical electrocatalyst Ru/(Ni 1- x Ru x )OOH on anodized nickel mesh (ANM) via a facile two-step anodization-substitution strategy. The catalyst features dual Ru active sites: lattice-doped Ru 3 + within the NiOOH framework and surface-deposited metallic Ru nanoparticles (NPs), supported by a hierarchical porous architecture derived from anodization. The optimized Ru/(Ni 1- x Ru x )OOH catalyst exhibits exceptional alkaline HER activity, with a low overpotential of 81 mV at 100 mA cm −2 . More importantly, it shows remarkable stability at a large current density of 1 A cm −2 for 500 h with a current decay rate of 0.1 mV h −1 , outperforming most of the state-of-the-art HER electrocatalysts. In situ Raman spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) calculations show that Ru 3+ doping modulates the electronic environment of NiOOH lattice O atoms, which accelerate H 2 O dissociation and generate H* intermediates adsorbed on O sites (*H-O). Thereafter, H* spills over to adjacent Ru NPs via Ni-O-Ru bonds, forming adsorbed *H-Ru 0 intermediates. These *H-Ru 0 species then accept electrons from Ni, which drives their recombination into H 2 . Additionally, weakly hydrogen-bonded interfacial water (2-HB-H 2 O and free-H 2 O) ensures a continuous supply of reactant to the active sites. This work provides a strategy for designing Ni-based electrocatalysts with tailored active sites and hierarchical structures, advancing alkaline water electrolysis at industrial-level current densities.
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SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
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2026
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IF 5.1
Jing-sheng Xia,Yuan-zhi Wang,Hong-ye Sun,Rahul Mitra,Ye Zhang,Chen Yao
Flexible hydrogels have garnered extensive research interest due to the synergy of toughness, rapid response and strain sensitivity. However, their applications have been largely confined to conventional strain sensing for human motion monitoring, leaving broader interactive functionalities underexplored. Herein, flexible sensing material based on a nanocomposite (NC) hydrogel synthesized via a one-pot polymerization of nano-clay (Laponite XLS) and N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM). The incorporation of silver nanowires (AgNWs) as conductive additives leads to a significant enhancement in the hydrogel’s electrical conductivity. The optimized NC‑AgNWs hydrogel exhibits remarkable synergistic properties: a tensile strength of 12.95 MPa paired with an ultrahigh elongation at break of 1977 %, a compressive strength of 86.38 kPa at 80 % strain, and an electrical conductivity of ∼2.42 mS·cm⁻¹ . The material also demonstrates excellent cyclic durability and millisecond-scale response times (350 ms and 80 ms under 10 % tensile and 2 % compressive loading, respectively). Capitalizing on its strain-sensitive resistive behavior, we further engineered a flexible writing screen that converts machine-written characters into distinguishable resistance waveforms. Additionally, the hydrogel serves as a highly responsive strain sensor for monitoring human movements. This work not only advances the design of multifunctional conductive hydrogels but also highlights their potential as a dynamic human-computer interface to address growing information security challenges.
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Nature Communications
·
2026
·
IF 18.1
Li Xiaofan,Jiang Qi,Xia Deming,Xie Hong-bin,Chen Jingwen
Phthalate esters (PAEs) are of significant concern due to their ubiquitous persistence in homogeneous environments and severe health effects on respiratory, reproductive, and endocrine systems. However, their fates in heterogenous environments remains elusive. Here, using integrated microdroplet experiments, and ab initio molecular dynamics, we demonstrate that PAEs undergo spontaneous degradation with short half-lives (<10 min) on microdroplet surfaces, representing a 4 to 11 orders of magnitude enhancement compared with bulk aqueous or gaseous phases. This fast process is driven by a unique interfacial mechanism initiated by spontaneously generated hydroxyl radicals, leading to stepwise dealkylation and hydroxylation. Critically, this pathway produces hydroxylated and, predominantly, carboxylated transformation products (TPs). Computational toxicology models further predict that these TPs, especially the carboxylated ones, exhibit amplified human hepatotoxicity (up to 37.5-fold increase), enhanced skin sensitization (~1.5-fold increase), and comparable developmental toxicity with respect to the parent PAEs. The study fundamentally challenges our understanding of PAE environmental fate and highlights a previously unrecognized global risk vector due to rapid PAE transformation in ubiquitous microdroplet systems, necessitating urgent revision on environmental persistence models and risk assessment frameworks to incorporate interfacial chemistry.
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Advanced Fiber Materials
·
2026
·
IF 22.6
Luan Ruifei,Liu Guoxu,Zhang Zhi,Qiao Liang,Cao Jie,Wang Ziyue,Luo Feiling,Fan Beibei,Gong Likun,Feng Yuan,Zhang Chi
Smart textiles demonstrate transformative potential for robotics and wearable applications, but their operational stability remains critically dependent on environmental conditions. Herein, we proposed a high-humidity resistance flexible knitted tribovoltaic smart textile (TST), which was prepared of Al wire and poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly (styrene sulfonate), and polyethylene glycol-based conductive cotton. Compared to traditional triboelectric textile that suffer from severe electrical output degradation or even signal failure in humid environments, the TST achieves advancement in electromechanical stability at high humidity. Under extreme conditions (85% RH), the open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current of TST are 0.88 V and 8.12 μA, exhibiting exceptional moisture resistance. Attaching to human joints (wrists, knees, fingers, etc.), the TST can effectively monitor the movement state of the human body. By integrating it with machine learning technology, the recognition and sensing of sign language gestures can be realized, whose recognition accuracy of eight different sign language gestures can reach 98.75%. This work demonstrates the application potential of tribovoltaic wearable electronic skin in fields such as motion monitoring and robotics. Graphical
The application and prospect of flexible smart textile in the fields of wearable devices and E-skin.
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WOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2026
·Vol. 60
·期 2
·33
·
IF 3.2
Zeng Shiyi,Duan Gaigai,Jin Haotian,He Shuijian,Zhang Chunmei,Han Xiaoshuai,Huang Yong,Han Jingquan,Jiang Shaohua
Metal–organic framework-derived porous carbons show promising potential as high-loading electrode materials for supercapacitors, while achieving efficient ion transport and conductivity remains a key challenge. In this work, a binder-free ZnCo bimetallic MOF-derived bamboo carbon (ZnCoBC) was fabricated through a one-step growth and carbonization strategy. The optimized ZnCoBC1000-5 exhibits a high specific surface area of 1385.49 m 2 g − 1 and a mesoporous volume of 0.51 cm 3 g − 1 , confirming a well-developed hierarchical pore network. Electrochemical measurements demonstrate that ZnCoBC1000-5 maintains stable CV and GCD profiles within 5–30 mA cm − 2 , reflecting efficient charge transport and reversibility. The assembled symmetric device delivers a volumetric energy density of 6.46 mWh cm − 3 , while retaining 97.1% capacitance after 10,000 cycles, indicating excellent durability. This work highlights the structural advantages of bimetallic MOF-derived carbon bamboo and provides meaningful insight for designing high-performance energy-storage electrodes.
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FIBERS AND POLYMERS
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2026
·
IF 3.1
Cui Jie,Deng Hangjun,Qi Dongming,Zhou Guiyang,Chen Tao
To enhance the surface hydrophilicity of polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) fibers and expand their industrial applications in fire-resistant/radiation-resistant workwear, water electrolysis hydrogen production diaphragms, and fiber paper, this study modified PPS nonwovens using three polyphenols: dopamine, gallic acid, and tannic acid. Specifically, the catechol groups in polyphenols were utilized to adsorb hydrolyzed titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) from an aqueous solution of ammonium hexafluorotitanate, thereby forming polyphenol/PPS/TiO 2 composites materials. The physicochemical properties (e.g., morphology, elemental composition) and surface properties (e.g., hydrophilicity, mechanical performance, etc.) of modified and unmodified fabrics were characterized using a suite of analytical techniques, including Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), contact angle measurement, water absorption testing, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and stress–strain testing. Additionally, the effects of polyphenol type, polyphenol concentration, and reaction time on hydrophilicity of the modified nonwovens were investigated to determine the optimal modification conditions. Results showed that polyphenol modification, combined with subsequent TiO 2 treatment, significantly improved the surface hydrophilicity of PPS nonwovens while preserving their favorable mechanical properties and friction resistance. Among the three polyphenols, the dopamine/PPS/TiO 2 composite exhibited the best wettability: when 2% dopamine (mass concentration) and subjected to 18 h of deposition, the water contact angle decreased from 146.0° (for unmodified PPS) to 51.9°, and the water absorption capacity of the PPS nonwovens increased to 508.4 mL/m 2 /s.
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