Nanomaterials
·
2022
·Vol. 12
·期 12
·2082
·
IF 5.719
Aihong Xu,Ruoming Wang,Mengqin Yao,Jianxin Cao,Mengjun Li,Chunliang Yang,Fei Liu,Jun Ma
An Li1.3Al0.3SnxTi1.7−x(PO4)3(LATP-xSn) ceramic solid electrolyte was prepared by Sn doping via a solid phase method. The results showed that adding an Sn dopant with a larger ionic radius in a concentration of x = 0.35 enabled one to equivalently substitute Ti sites in the LATP crystal structure to the maximum extent. The uniform Sn doping could produce a stable LATP structure with small grain size and improved relative density. The lattice distortion induced by Sn doping also modified the transport channels of Li ions, which promoted the increase of ionic conductivity from 5.05 × 10−5to 4.71 × 10−4S/cm at room temperature. The SPE/LATP-0.35Sn/SPE composite solid electrolyte with a sandwich structure was prepared by coating, which had a high ionic conductivity of 5.9 × 10−5S/cm at room temperature, a wide electrochemical window of 4.66 V vs. Li/Li+, and a good lithium-ion migration number of 0.38. The Li||Li symmetric battery test results revealed that the composite solid electrolyte could stably perform for 500 h at 60 °C under the current density of 0.2 mA/cm2, indicating its good interface stability with metallic lithium. Moreover, the analysis of the all-solid-state LiFePO4||SPE/LATP-0.35Sn/SPE||Li battery showed that the composite solid electrolyte had good cycling stability and rate performance. Under the conditions of 60 °C and 0.2 C, stable accumulation up to 200 cycles was achieved at a capacity retention ratio of 90.5% and a coulombic efficiency of about 100% after cycling test.Keywords:NASICON-type LATP;Sn doping;sandwich structure;composite solid electrolyte;lattice distortion
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Frontiers in Chemistry
·
2022
·
IF 5.545
Hu Yanru,Zhang Gengrui,Liu Lele,Chi ZiXin,Wang Shuai,Lin Jingdong,Xiong Haifeng,Wan Shaolong
The thermocatalytic conversion of hexose into valuable chemicals such as methyl lactate under mild conditions is very appealing. Here, we report that Mo, Mg co-modified Sn-β catalyst can effectively catalyze the transformation of glucose and fructose into alkyl lactate at moderate temperatures. A maximum yield of around 35% of methyl lactate was achieved from the conversion of glucose in methanol at 100°C over Sn-β catalyst modified with 3 wt% Mo and 0.5 wt% Mg. However, up to 82.8% yield of ethyl lactate was obtained in the case of fructose in ethanol upon the same catalytic condition, suggesting a significant solvent effect. The Mo species plays a key role to enable the retro-aldol condensation of fructose, in which the competing side reactions are significantly suppressed with the assistance of neighboring Mg species probably through a synergetic effect of Lewis acid-base.
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Nanoscale
·
2021
·Vol. 13
·期 36
·15285-15291
·
IF 7.79
Xiaoyu Wang,Qibin Shen,Yansong Chen,Nasir Ali,Ziyang Ren,Gang Bi,Huizhen Wu
The toxicity of Pb in conventional perovskites impedes the commercialization of their optoelectronic devices. Therefore, the search for comparable Pb-free perovskites is vital and needs urgent attention. Herein, for the first time, we successfully synthesize the Sn(II)-doped Pb-free zinc-based perovskite variant Cs2ZnCl4. The influence of doping is investigated both experimentally and theoretically. Broad bright red emission with a large Stokes shift is observed and attributed to the self-trapped exciton (STE) emission of the doped disphenoidal [SnCl4]2− units in the host matrix, from 3P1 to 1S0. Temperature-dependent photoluminescence (PL) shows a peak split at cryogenic temperature, which is ascribed to the Jahn–Teller effect of the 3P1 state. Theoretical study reveals that the impurity states of Sn2+ shrink the bandgap and localize the band edges, and distortion of [SnCl4]2− under excitation ultimately leads to the STE emission. This work is significant for STE emission studies and will pave a way for Pb-free perovskite variants in illumination applications.
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Materials
·
2021
·Vol. 14
·期 20
·6166
·
IF 3.623
Hongbo Gao,Kewang Zhang,Ailijiang Abudurusuli,Chen Bai,Zhihua Yang,Kangrong Lai,Junjie Li,Shilie Pan
Two new diamond-like (DL) chalcogenides, Li2MgGeSe4and Li2MgSnSe4, have been successfully synthesized using a conventional high-temperature solid-state method. The two compounds crystallize in the non-centrosymmetric space groupPmn21witha= 8.402 (14) Å,b= 7.181 (12) Å,c= 6.728 (11) Å,Z= 2 for Li2MgSnSe4, anda= 8.2961 (7) Å,b= 7.0069 (5) Å,c= 6.6116 (6) Å,Z= 2 for Li2MgGeSe4. The calculated results show that the second harmonic generation (SHG) coefficients of Li2MgSnSe4(d33= 12.19 pm/v) and Li2MgGeSe4(d33= −14.77 pm/v), mainly deriving from the [MSe4] (M = Ge, Sn) tetrahedral units, are close to the one in the benchmark AgGaS2(d14= 13.7 pm/V). The calculated band gaps for Li2MgSnSe4and Li2MgGeSe4are 2.42 and 2.44 eV, respectively. Moreover, the two compounds are the first series of alkali and alkaline-earth metal DL compounds in the I2-II-IV-VI4family, enriching the structural diversity of DL compounds.Keywords:diamond-like structure;chalcogenides;infrared nonlinear optical materials;second harmonic generation
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ELECTROANALYSIS
·
2020
·Vol. 33
·期 4
·947-955
·
IF 2.544
Yanqiu Fu,Jinrui Li,Wei Jin,Zhonggang Liu
In this work, a dual-functional electrochemical sensor has been proposed based on Sn-doped defective Bi 2 S 3 (TDDB) microspheres, which exhibited the excellent electrochemical performance on Pb(II) and H 2 O 2 detection. The TDDB offered a satisfied detection limit of 8.0 nM towards Pb(II) with a sensitivity of 96.7 μA ⋅ μM −1 . As a H 2 O 2 sensor, a high sensitivity of 3540 μA mM −1 cm −2 was obtained in a linear range from 0.45 mM to 10 mM with a detection limit of 10 nM. Moreover, the electrochemical detection of Pb(II) in Taihu Lake and H 2 O 2 in human serum was achieved with high reliability and good recovery.
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ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2020
·
IF 7.632
Bo Tang,Shuang Li,Wei-Chao Song,En-Cui Yang,Xiao-Jun Zhao,Naijia Guan,Landong Li
In this work, BEA-type hierarchically structured stannosilicate zeolite Sn-Beta-H was developed, which involved alkali-induced degradation of all-silica Beta (Si-Beta) and self-assembly of the resultant Si-Beta fragments with SnCl2·2H2O in the hydrothermal condition templated with tetraethylammonium hydroxide (TEAOH) and polydiallydimethylammonium chloride (PDADMAC). The synthesized Sn-Beta-H zeolite was comprehensively characterized by means of XRD, N2 physisorption, TEM, UV–vis, XPS, TG, DRIFT, and FTIR spectroscopy with pyridine and deuterated acetonitrile adsorption. The Lewis acidity related to isolated tetrahedrally coordinated Sn species in the hierarchical porous Beta framework was revealed, which existed in the form of partially hydrolyzed and framework-integrated species. The Sn-Beta-H zeolite worked efficiently in the catalytic transformation of a series of carbohydrates into methyl lactate, outperforming the microporous Sn-Beta and postsynthesized mesoporous meso-Sn-Beta counterparts. The influence parameters such as mesoporosity, hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity, and Lewis acidity on the glucose conversion were studied in detail.
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APPLIED ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY
·
2023
·
IF 3.9
Yongzhao Zhang,Xuzheng Chen,Zhenya Zhu,Luping Lv
5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) has been considered as an important biomass-based platform chemical for its wide applications. Currently, the production of 5-HMF from the catalytic dehydration of glucose is preferred, in which the Brønsted and Lewis acids in catalysts play an important role. Here, it was found that MIL-53(Al) modified with tin was an active, selective, and reusable catalyst for the transformation of glucose to 5-HMF in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solvent. Around 42.3% yield of 5-HMF with 93% glucose conversion was achieved, when the prepared metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) was used as the catalyst, showing superior catalytic performance compared with most of other MOFs. Moreover, the catalyst possessed inert catalytic properties in water with almost no any influence on the conversion of glucose, suggesting a compelling opportunity to act as a support material.
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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
·
2023
·
IF 9.9
Jianhui Zhu,Linchao Zeng,Yumin Song,Feng Peng,Yanyi Wang,Tingshu He,Libo Deng,Peixin Zhang
Room-temperature sodium-sulfur (RT Na-S) batteries have been attracting enormous interests due to their low-cost, high capacity and environmental benignity. However, the shuttle effect and the sluggish electrochemical reaction activity of sodium polysulfides (NaPSs) seriously restrict their practical application. To solve these issues, we rationally designed an advanced Sn-doped In 2 S 3 /S/C cathode for RT Na-S batteries by magnetron sputtering in this work, which exhibited a high reversible capacity (1663.5 mAh g −1 at 0.1 A g −1 ) and excellent cycling performance (902.9 mAh g −1 after 50 cycles). The in situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy indicated that the Sn-doped In 2 S 3 coating can accelerate charge-transfer kinetics and facilitate the diffusion of Na + . Furthermore, theoretical calculation revealed that doping of Sn into In 2 S 3 can reduce the energy band gap, thus accelerating the electron transfer and promoting the electrochemical conversion of active species. It is demonstrated that adjusting the electronic structure is a reliable method to improve the electrocatalytic effect of catalyst and significantly improve the performance of S cathode in RT Na-S batteries.
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JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
·
2023
·Vol. 56
·期 18
·185001
·
IF 3.4
Guohua Wu,Zhong Yu,Rongdi Guo,Zhiguang Wang,Hong Wang,Zhongqiang Hu,Ming Liu
To achieve compact and lightweight power conversion devices, magnetic core materials such as MnZn ferrite are highly desired with low core losses at high frequencies above megahertz. In this work, high-valent Sn4+ ions were doped into MnZn ferrite to manipulate the electromagnetic properties and suppress the high-frequency core losses. The distribution of Sn4+ in MnZn ferrite was investigated by transmission electron microscopy with energy dispersive x-ray analysis, which indicated that most of the substituted Sn4+ ions remained at the grain boundaries rather than dissolving into the lattice, and thus greatly impacted the electromagnetic properties of MnZn ferrite. The initial permeability and saturation induction decreased monotonically with the Sn substitution. The core loss was reduced to 457 kW m−3 at 3 MHz, 30 mT, and 25 °C when the Sn substitution content was 0.003, due to the effective suppression of eddy current loss and residual loss. The sample with a Sn content of 0.003 exhibited excellent overall electromagnetic properties, which could be potentially useful in high-frequency transformers, converters, and power sources.
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ChemSusChem
·
2019
·Vol. 12
·期 14
·3377-3382
·
IF 7.804
Rusheng Fu,Yongkang Wu,Chongzhao Fan,Zuxin Long,Guangjie Shao,Zhaoping Liu
Graphical Breaking the ICE : The SiO anode in Li-ion batteries has low initial coulombic efficiency (ICE) because of the irreversible formation of Li 2 O and lithium silicates. Sn-mixed SiO shows great promise to address these issues by reactivating Li 2 O, in the inverse reaction to that occurring at the metal oxide anodes. Sn is shown to form an outstanding conductive phase, which boosts the reaction kinetics and also reactivates Li 2 O. The application of SiO anodes in Li-ion batteries is greatly restricted by its low initial coulombic efficiency (ICE). Usually, a pre-lithiation procedure is necessary to improve the ICE, but the available technologies are associated with safety issues. Metal (M)-mixed SiO shows great promise to address these issues by reactivating Li 2 O through the reaction M+Li 2 O→MO x +Li + , which is the inverse reaction to that occurring at MO x anodes. Sn is found to be a good choice of metal for this concept. Nanoscale Sn-mixed SiO composites are prepared by mechanical milling. Sn forms an outstanding conductive phase, which boosts the reaction kinetics and also reactivates the Li 2 O byproduct. Sn/SiO (1:2 w/w) delivers a significant improvement in ICE from 66.5 % to 85.5 %. A higher ICE value of >90 % is obtained when the Sn content is ≥50 wt %. However, additional electrolyte decomposition occurs, which is catalyzed by Sn. In addition, coarsening of the nano-Sn material reduces the inverse conversion reactivity of Sn/Li 2 O and subsequently results in rapid capacity fading. The quantitative analysis indicates that, in contrast to transition metals, the alloying and dealloying nature of Sn gives a 50 % improvement in reversible capacity, attributed to Sn/Li 2 O. This work gives a general strategy to choose metals for increasing the ICE of SiO x and metal oxides.
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Chinese Physics B
·
2018
·Vol. 27
·期 4
·047211
·
IF 1.321
Chengyan Liu,Lei Miao,Xiaoyang Wang,Shaohai Wu,Yanyan Zheng,Ziyang Deng,Yulian Chen,Guiwen Wang,Xiaoyuan Zhou
Thermoelectric selenides have attracted more and more attentions recently. Herein, p-type SnSe polycrystalline bulk materials with good thermoelectric properties are presented. By using the SnSe2 nanostructures synthesized via a wet-chemistry route as the precursor, polycrystalline SnSe bulk materials were successfully obtained by a combined heat-treating process under reducing atmosphere and following spark plasma sintering procedure. As a reference, the SnSe nanostructures synthesized via a wet-chemistry route were also fabricated into polycrystalline bulk materials through the same process. The thermoelectric properties of the SnSe polycrystalline transformed from SnSe2 nanostructures indicate that the increasing of heattreating temperature could effectively decrease the electrical resistivity, whereas the decrease in Seebeck coefficient is nearly invisible. As a result, the maximum power factor is enhanced from 5.06\times {10}^{-4}\,{\rm{W}}/{\rm{m}}\cdot {{\rm{K}}}^{2} to 8.08\times {10}^{-4}\,{\rm{W}}/{\rm{m}}\cdot {{\rm{K}}}^{2} at 612 °C. On the other hand, the reference sample, which was obtained by using SnSe nanostructures as the precursor, displays very poor power factor of only 1.30\times {10}^{-4}\,{\rm{W}}/{\rm{m}}\cdot {{\rm{K}}}^{2} at 537 °C. The x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), x-ray fluorescence (XRF), and Hall effect characterizations suggest that the anisotropic crystal growth and existing Sn vacancy might be responsible for the enhanced electrical transport in the polycrystalline SnSe prepared by using SnSe2 precursor. On the other hand, the impact of heat-treating temperature on thermal conductivity is not obvious. Owing to the boosting of power factor, a high zT value of 1.07 at 612 °C is achieved. This study provides a new method to synthesize polycrystalline SnSe and pave a way to improve the thermoelectric properties of polycrystalline bulk materials with similar layered structure.
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JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY A-CHEMISTRY
·
2018
·
IF 2.891
Kedir Ebrahim Ahmed,Dong-Hau Kuo,Misganaw Alemu Zeleke,Osman Ahmed Zelekew,Angaw Kelemework Abay
Sn-WO 3 /g-C 3 N 4 composites were synthesized by calcination method. The materials were characterized with different techniques and photocatalytic activities examined by the degradation of anionic methyl orange (MO) and cationic Rhodamine B (RhB) under visible light. 8% Sn-WO 3 /g-C 3 N 4 showed superior degradation efficiency with 87% MO and 99% RhB dye removal within 120 and 50 min of irradiation time, respectively. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis reveals molecular oxygen adsorption on the surface of the as-prepared composite material. The introduction of tin in Sn-WO 3 solid solution with a high atomic Sn:W ratio of 1:2 and the construction of interfacial hetrojunction with graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) plays a vital role to enhance the photocatalytic activity of the as-prepared composites by activating oxygen to react with dye molecules.
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