INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY
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2026
·
IF 5.7
Gaolei Bai,Jing Gao,Shizi Zhang,Liumi Meng,Ren Chu,Jichang Zhang,Lijuan Luo,Lingyan Jiang
The search for natural and safe alternatives to synthetic fungicides is crucial for controlling postharvest anthracnose in papaya, a disease primarily caused by Colletotrichum species. This study identifies Bacillus cereus ZW21 as a potent biocontrol agent and delineates the mechanism of its volatile organic compounds (VOCs) directly in a fruit system. In vivo assays on papaya fruit demonstrated that ZW21 VOCs significantly reduced lesion area and disease incidence by up to 80.95% and 70.46%, respectively. Bioactivity-guided identification revealed hydroxyacetone (HA) and 3-methyl-3-buten-1-ol (ME) as the key antifungal VOCs. These compounds exhibited direct antifungal activity by disrupting fungal membrane integrity, inducing mitochondrial dysfunction, and elevating reactive oxygen species. Beyond direct inhibition, transcriptomic analysis of treated fruit revealed that HA and ME activated host defense pathways, including phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and hormone signaling, while suppressing ripening-related metabolism. A critical distinction was observed: ME enhanced glycolysis and pyruvate metabolism, providing a mechanistic explanation for potential phenolic overflow and fruit blackening, whereas HA avoided this metabolic overdrive. Our findings not only validate the efficacy of a novel biocontrol strain and its defined VOCs but also provide a comprehensive mechanistic framework supporting their application for sustainable postharvest protection.
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高影响因子
PLoS One
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2016
·Vol. 11
·期 6
·e0158351
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IF 3.057
Yanzhou Zhang,Xunhang Li,Zhikui Hao,Ruchun Xi,Yujie Cai,Xiangru Liao
For the more efficient detoxification of phenolic compounds, a promising avenue would be to develop a multi-enzyme biocatalyst comprising peroxidase, laccase and other oxidases. However, the development of this multi-enzyme biocatalyst is limited by the vulnerability of fungal laccases and peroxidases to hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 )-induced inactivation. Therefore, H 2 O 2 -resistant peroxidase and laccase should be exploited. In this study, H 2 O 2 -stable CotA and YjqC were isolated from the outer coat of Bacillus altitudinis SYBC hb4 spores. In addition to the thermal and alkali stability of catalytic activity, CotA also exhibited a much higher H 2 O 2 tolerance than fungal laccases from Trametes versicolor and Trametes trogii . YjqC is a sporulation-related manganese (Mn) catalase with striking peroxidase activity for sinapic acid (SA) and sinapine (SNP). In contrast to the typical heme-containing peroxidases, the peroxidase activity of YjqC was also highly resistant to inhibition by H 2 O 2 and heat. CotA could also catalyze the oxidation of SA and SNP. CotA had a much higher affinity for SA than B . subtilis CotA. CotA and YjqC rendered from B . altitudinis spores had promising laccase and peroxidase activities for SA and SNP. Specifically, the B . altitudinis spores could be regarded as a multi-enzyme biocatalyst composed of CotA and YjqC. The B . altitudinis spores were efficient for catalyzing the degradation of SA and SNP in rapeseed meal. Moreover, efficiency of the spore-catalyzed degradation of SA and SNP was greatly improved by the presence of 15 mM H 2 O 2 . This effect was largely attributed to synergistic biocatalysis of the H 2 O 2 -resistant CotA and YjqC toward SA and SNP.
研究领域:
微生物学
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酶工程
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食品科学
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高影响因子
FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2021
·
IF 7.514
Junxin Zhao,Maomao Ma,Xianghui Yan,Guohua Zhang,Jiaheng Xia,Guibing Zeng,Wenran Tian,Xianliang Bao,Zheling Zeng,Ping Yu,Deming Gong
A novel lipase from Bacillus licheniformis NCU CS-5 was expressed in different Escherichia coli cells. The recombinant enzyme achieved a high activity (161.74 U/mL) with protein concentration of 0.27 mg/mL under optimal conditions at the large-scale expression of 12 h. The recombinant lipase showed optimal activity at 40 ℃ and pH 10.0, and maintained more than 80% relative activity after 96 h of incubation at pH 9.0–10.0. This typical alkaline lipase was activated under medium temperature conditions (30 and 45 ℃ for 96 h). The lipase exhibited a degree of adaptability in various organic solvents and metal ions, and showed high specificity towards triglycerides with short and medium chain fatty acids. Among different substrates, the lipase showed the strongest binding affinity towards p NPP ( K m = 0.674 mM, V max = 950.196 μM/min). In the experiments of its application in enhancing fatty acids flavor release for low-fat cheeses, the lipase was found to hydrolyze cheeses and mainly increase the contents of butyric acid, hexanoic acid, caprylic acid and decanoic acid. The results from NMR and GC provided the possibility of enhancing fatty acids flavor released from low-fat cheeses by the lipolysis method.
研究领域:
生物化学
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食品科学
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酶学
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微生物学
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Immunity & Ageing
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2025
·
IF 5.6
Liu Xiaofeng,Zhou Jipeng,Hou Qian,Zhou Zejun,Bai Yongping
Background Aging is characterized by progressive immunosenescence and inflammaging, in which impaired gut barrier and dysregulated mucosal immunity exacerbate systemic senescence. While probiotics modulate gut health, their role in mitigating age-related immune dysfunction via specific microbial metabolites remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the effects of Bacillus velezensis DS2, a novel probiotic, in alleviating inflammaging, with a focus on tryptophan-metabolic signaling and immune regulation. Results In senescent endothelial cells, DS2-sourced indole-3-lactic acid (ILA) activated aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signaling. This activation reduced the expression of senescence markers (p16, γ-H2A.X) and decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory molecules (ICAM-1, VCAM-1). In aged mice, DS2 supplementation increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria, including Lactobacillus and Ligilactobacillus . DS2 administration also elevated plasma ILA and IL-22 levels, and reduced intestinal permeability. This was evidenced by the expansion of IL-22-producing type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) and activation of the AhR-IL-22 axis. Consequently, DS2 enhanced intestinal barrier integrity and mitigated systemic inflammation (TNF-α, IL-6). Exogenous ILA was sufficient to recapitulate these benefits by potentiating gut mucosal immunity and attenuating inflammaging, as all these effects were abolished by the AhR antagonist CH223191. Conclusions We demonstrate that DS2 mitigates inflammaging by producing ILA, which acts as a key metabolite to activate the AhR-IL-22-ILC3 axis. Our findings highlight the potential of targeting the gut-immune axis with specific probiotics as a novel strategy against age-related immune decline.
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AQUACULTURE NUTRITION
·
2023
·
IF 3.5
Jianxin Zhang,Mengyuan Huang,Junchang Feng,Yongyan Chen,Meng Li,Xiaolin Meng,Xulu Chang
This study is aimed at exploring the effects of Bacillus coagulans NRS 609 on the growth performance, intestinal health, antioxidant activity, and immune response in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) by colonizing the intestinal tract with the beneficial strain. Gavage B. coagulans with GFP-tag at 109 CFU/mL into common carp for 7 days. Results indicated that B. coagulans were maintained in the intestine for at least 14 days. Four groups fed B. coagulans at different levels of inclusion, including 0 (CK), (A), (B), and (C) CFU/g of feed for 8 weeks. Experimental groups showed significantly better growth performance than the control (). The treatment groups had higher digestive enzyme activity, villus height, and muscle thickness than the control (). Supplementation with B. coagulans also altered the composition of the intestinal flora. In addition, an enhancement of the antioxidant enzyme and a reduction of malondialdehyde in the liver were observed with the addition of B. coagulans (). Moreover, the cytokines of IL-1β and IL-12, IL-10, and TGF-β, significant upregulation in experimental groups (). Based on the results, the optimal level of B. coagulans was 107 CFU/g in diets for common carp.
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Food Bioscience
·
2024
·
IF 4.8
Jun Huang,Yaoyao Su,Xiaoman Chen,Gang Yang,Zhirong Wang,Kewei Chen,Muying Du,Zsolt Zalán,Ferenc Hegyi,Jianquan Kan
Sterigmatocystin (STC), a mycotoxin that pollutes wheat and other grains and is related to health risks, has attracted increasing attention. In this study, we have explored the toxicity conditions of Aspergillus versicolor in wheat and identified a potential biological control method. By constructing a water activity (Aw)-water content curve, the effects of temperature, Aw, and culture time on toxin production by A . versicolor in wheat were determined. The Aw was found to be 0.96, and the concentration of STC in wheat reached the maximum (105.7 mg/kg) after 10 d of culture at 28 °C. Biocontrol bacteria were screened using plate confrontation, agar diffusion, and co-culture in wheat. The results showed that Bacillus subtilis HJ4 has significant antifungal activity against A. versicolor in vitro and in vivo . In vivo experiments showed that B. subtilis HJ4 significantly reduced the toxicity of A. versicolor to wheat (51%) on day-7, but the control effect was weakened (10%) on day-20. Finally, research on the antifungal mechanism of B. subtilis HJ4 revealed that its action primarily relies on competition for space and nutrients, destroying the cellular structure of the fungus and secreting substances with antifungal activity, such as proteins, cyclic lipopeptides, and oligosaccharides, aiding in control against A. versicolor . In summary, this study has emphasized the influence of environmental factors on the growth and toxin production of A. versicolor in wheat and evaluated the potential of B. subtilis HJ4 in reducing the pollution caused by A. versicolor and STC in wheat.
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SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
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2024
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IF 4.3
Rui Cao,Mengyu Zhang,Wen Tang,Jing Wu,Yang Luo,Yi Chen,Zhaodi Liu,Fuying Hao,Liangquan Sheng,Huajie Xu
In this work, a stable ratiometric nanofluorescent probe for the detection of 2,6-dipicolinic acid (DPA), a Bacillus anthracis biomarker, was developed based on confinement-induced emission enhancement of cationic styrylpyridine salt derivative L in MCM-22 molecular sieve pores. The cationic L and the lanthanide Tb 3+ were loaded into the pores of the molecular sieve by electrostatic interaction with the negatively charged AlO 4 tetrahedron unit, and L exhibited enhanced red fluorescence emission as a stable fluorescence reference mark in the nanoprobe platform due to the restricted molecular torsion of L in the pores of MCM-22. At the same time, the characteristic green fluorescence emission of Tb 3+ can be excited by energy transfer due to the “antenna effect” of DPA. The prepared Tb-L@MCM-22 nanoprobe showed specific selectivity and stable fluorescence ratiometric detection of DPA in tap water, lake water, bovine serum and actual bacterial spores. Benefiting from the confinement-induced fluorescence enhancement effect of L in the MCM-22 molecular sieve pores, the obtained Tb-L@MCM-22 can provide a stable reference signal for the fluorescence ratiometric detection of DPA with a limit of detection (LOD) of 78.6 nM and 1.310 × 10 4 spores per mL. More importantly, combining of the Tb-L@MCM-22 based DPA detection test strips with a smartphone app demonstrated a stable, convenient and rapid method for detecting of anthrax biomarkers.
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Biology-Basel
·
2025
·Vol. 14
·期 12
·1633
·
IF 3.5
Ye Zhang,Xiaoqing Tang,Jiaying Qi,Weixue Zhong,Xiaohui Li,Zhonghua Tang,Ying Liu,Dewen Li
Simple SummaryThis study explored howBacillus proteolyticus(B. proteolyticus) helps the root development ofEleutherococcus senticosus(Rupr. and Maxim.) Maxim. (therm E. senticosus). The researchers usedtherm E. senticosusseeds and watered the soil with different concentrations ofB. proteolyticussuspension. Results showed that after usingB. proteolyticus, the seed germination rate, number of root tips, total root length and total root volume oftherm E. senticosusfirst increased and then decreased. The 50% concentration ofB. proteolyticuswas best for seed germination. Compared with the control group, this concentration led to 16 different substances related to plant metabolism and an increase in the content of six main medicinal components. It also increased two types of nitrogen in the soil around roots and the amount of a specific kind of bacteria, which were all related to better root growth. This study found that 50%B. proteolyticuscan promotetherm E. senticosusgrowth, root development, and its medicinal quality. These bacteria can be made into a useful biological product. The study suggests using 50%B. proteolyticussuspension to growtherm E. senticosus, which can increase its yield and medicinal value, providing a sustainable way for its agricultural production.This study aimed to investigate the promoting mechanisms ofBacillus proteolyticus (B. proteolyticus)onEleutherococcus senticosus(Rupr. and Maxim.) Maxim. (therm E. senticosus) root development. Usingtherm E. senticosusseeds as experimental material, soil was drenched withB. proteolyticussuspensions at different concentrationsv/v(water, 25%; 50%; 75%, and 100%). The results showed that the germination rate, root tip number (52 ± 2.97), total root length (23.7 ± 0.46 cm), and total root volume (57.36 ± 1.64 mm3) exhibited an initial increase, then a decrease afterB. proteolyticustreatment (p< 0.05). Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that the soil ofB. proteolyticusat a 50% concentration was conducive to seed germination. Compared with CK, GC-MS analysis revealed that 16 differential primary metabolites were screened, primarily enriched in galactose metabolism, starch and sucrose metabolism, and TCA cycle pathways after 50%B. proteolyticustreatment. LC-MS analysis revealed that the contents of six main medicinal components were higher than those of CK, with the content of eleutheroside E being 2.62 times greater. In rhizosphere soil, the contents of NO3−-N and NH4+-N were promoted, and the abundance ofGemmatimonadeteswas increased in bacterial communities. Correlation analysis revealed significant correlations between the abundance ofGemmatimonadetesand the contents of NO3−-N and NH4+-N, as well as between total root length and D-galactose content, suggesting that these relationships may contribute to the root growth. Therefore, the soil ofB. proteolyticusat a 50% concentration could enhance both the biomass and medicinal value of cultivatedtherm E. senticosus. This study provided novel insight thatB. proteolyticuswould be expected to be developed as an effective microbial preparation, offering a sustainable strategy for its agricultural production.
研究领域:
植物微生物学
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农业生物技术
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根际生态学
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药用植物科学
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土壤科学
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代谢组学
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AQUACULTURE
·
2022
·
IF 5.135
Xulu Chang,Meiru Kang,Lili Yun,Yihao Shen,Junchang Feng,Guokun Yang,Jianxin Zhang,Xiaolin Meng
Host-derived probiotics are widely used in aquaculture because they are able to adapt to the host intestinal environment more easily than other probiotics. However, decreased numbers and activity of live probiotics that occur during processing, storage, transportation, and consumption hinders the increased use of probiotics. In this study, the ability of sodium gluconate to promote the growth of Bacillus velezensis R7–1003, isolated from the intestinal tract of the common carp , was evaluated in vivo. The actions of dietary supplementation with B. velezensis R7–1003 and/or sodium gluconate were investigated in the common carp with respect to growth, the morphology of the intestine, digestive and immune functions, and antioxidant capacity, as well as intestinal microbiota. The results revealed that the addition of 0.3 and 0.6% sodium gluconate to the diet increased B. velezensis R7–1003 growth in the intestinal tract of the common carp. Furthermore, 0.6% sodium gluconate exhibited better results than 0.3%. A diet with host–derived B. velezensis R7–1003 supplementation improved the growth performance of the fish. It also increased the length of the intestinal villi and tight junction gene expression levels, including claudin-2, occludin , and ZO-1 . Host–derived B. velezensis R7–1003 supplementation enhanced the activities of protease, α-amylase, lipase , alkaline phosphatase , acid phosphatase , lysozyme , catalase , glutathione peroxidase , decreased the level of MDA, increased the level of the anti-inflammatory cytokine TGF-β, and decreased the level of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α. Furthermore, B. velezensis R7–1003 increased the levels of several probiotics, including Lactobacillus and Lactococcus , and bacteria that produce short-chain fatty acids, including Faecalibacterium , Bacteroides , and Clostridium . The ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes was reduced in the intestine of the common carp. Importantly, this study indicated that the combination of B. velezensis R7–1003 and sodium gluconate provided additional beneficial effects to the common carp. Thus, this study demonstrated that sodium gluconate promoted B. velezensis R7–1003 growth, which increased the growth performance and intestinal health of the common carp. The results indicated that further study is warranted concerning the use of B. velezensis R7–1003 combined with sodium gluconate as a diet supplement in other economically viable fish.
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Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2025
·
IF 7.2
Qiwen An,Jie Liu,Yitong Liu,Fuxuan Bi,Zonghao Dong,Xu Liu,Zhao Jiang,Libo Fu,Hongli Fan,Jianhua Qu,Ying Zhang
Herein, an innovative coupling remediation system integrating a functionalized bacterial agent (BBC-BS) derived from bone char (BC) and Bacillus subtilis (BS) combined with smooth vetch ( Vicia villosa var.) (SV) was developed and applied to actual Cd-contaminated farmland soil. Results revealed that mechanical ball milling significantly enhanced the S BET of BBC-BS, refined its particle size, and modified its crystalline structure, enabling effective BS immobilization while providing a stable microenvironment. This optimization elevated the phosphate solubilization capacity, representing a 26.9% increase compared to free BS. The coupled BBC-BS+SV system exhibited dual synergistic effects during plant growth: (1) BBC-BS promoted SV growth, while (2) markedly suppressing Cd accumulation in SV. Furthermore, after 28 d of SV pressed into soil, the DTPA-extractable Cd content treated by BBC-BS+SV decreased by 53.1% compared to the control (CK), surpassing the combined remediation efficiencies of individual BBC-BS application and SV incorporation alone (37.3%). The application of BBC-BS not only stimulated SV biomass accumulation but also accelerated SV residue decomposition via functional microbiota activation, generating more low-molecular-weight organic acids (LMWOAs) and humic acid (HA). Reciprocally, these products enhanced active sites on the BBC-BS surface, promoted Ca and P release from BBC-BS, and further strengthened Cd passivation. The coupled system ensured compliance with Cd residue standards in pepper while significantly improving fruit nutritional quality, achieving simultaneous soil remediation and safe crop production. This strategy provided a practical solution for Cd-contaminated farmland rehabilitation and sustainable enhancement of subsequent crop yield and quality.
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JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
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2025
·Vol. 136
·期 11
·
IF 3.2
Ling Lijun,Zhang Wenyue,Mo Rongxiu,Kong Fanjin,Jiang Yijuan,Feng Lijun,Li Yao,Yue Rui,Zhou Yongpeng
AimsLanzhou lily (Lilium davidli var. unicolor) possesses both nutritional and medicinal value, however, its bulbs are highly susceptible to postharvest physical damage. Pathogenic bacteria readily infiltrate through these wounds, resulting in extensive decay and consequent economic losses. This study demonstrates that optimized volatile organic compound (VOC) combinations can significantly reduce effective antimicrobial concentrations and broaden the antimicrobial spectrum through synergistic effects, while exhibiting excellent preservation potential.Methods and ResultsFrom decayed lily bulbs, this study isolated and identified two bacterial strains, Bacillus cabrialesii SH-3 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SH-5, both exhibiting opportunistic pathogenicity. Fifteen binary VOC combinations were evaluated using fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI), identifying QM (1/8 MIC 2-methylbutyric acid + 1/8 MIC 3- methylpentanoic acid, FICI = 0.25) and QH (1/2 3-methylpentanoic acid + 1/8 3-hepten-2-one, FICI = 0.625) as optimal formulations. Mechanistic studies revealed these combinations disrupt bacterial membrane integrity, induce protein/nucleic acid leakage, and trigger oxidative stress and metabolic dysfunction.ConclusionsAgainst SH-3, only QM showed synergistic effects, reducing required concentrations by 87.5% compared to individual minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). For SH-5, all combinations demonstrated additive effects, with QH achieving potent inhibition at 50% and 87.5% reduced concentrations for respective components. Applied at MIC levels, both formulations significantly suppressed postharvest decay while maintaining bulb quality.
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ANTONIE VAN LEEUWENHOEK INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GENERAL AND MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY
·
2026
·Vol. 119
·期 9
·205
·
IF 2
Raj Pranay,Sharma Harshit Kumar,Selvaraj Venkatesan,Pandey Abhay Kumar
The present research investigates the chemical profile of secondary metabolites produced by Bacillus paramycoides BOK01 and Microbacterium barkeri BPATH02 rhizospheric bacteria originating from the tea rhizosphere and their antifungal activity against major tea pathogens. GC–MS analysis revealed that dimethyl sulphate (77.09%) was a major compound (Compound I ) of B. paramycoides BOK01 and 1H-Purin-6-amine, [(2-fluorophenyl) methyl- (CAS) (Compound II; 16.88%), and docosane (Compound III; 11.75%) as putative major compounds in M. barkeri BPATH02. Furthermore, the ethyl acetate extract of both bacterial antagonists and compounds I, II , and III were evaluated for their efficacy against major tea pathogens, namely Exobasidium vexans , Pseudopestalotiopsis theae, and Fusarium concentricum causing respective blister blight, gray blight, and Fusarium dieback in tea crops using two-sealed-base-plate method. Laboratory screening of ethyl acetate (EA) extracts of both bacterial antagonists at 200 µg/mL provided a 65.95 to 82.5% range of growth inhibition of tested pathogens. At similar dose, compounds I, II, and III provided 70.88 to 77.53%, 67.7 to 78.0% and 71.8 to 73.07% range of growth inhibition of tested pathogens, respectively. Thus, this study shows that bacterial metabolites and their compounds are sources of putative antifungal agents, which can be harnessed for bio-fungicides development against tea diseases.
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