Case Studies in Construction Materials
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2025
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IF 6.6
Xiaer Xiahou,Xingyuan Ding,Keke Yu,Cong Lu
This study investigates the sustainable valorization of recycled polyethylene terephthalate (rPET) fibers through dopamine surface modification for enhanced 3D printed concrete (3DPC). Comprehensive tests on flowability, rheology, buildability, and mechanical anisotropy were conducted to assess the impacts of various MPET fiber content (0–0.5 vol%). The results showed that 0.5 vol% MPET fibers significantly increased dynamic yield stress and plastic viscosity by 247.6 % and 200.0 %, respectively, compared to the control group (P-0), while moderately reducing flowability. The 0.3 vol% content was found to be optimal, enhancing maximum printing heights in hollow cylindrical and rectangular structures by 114.8 % and 130 %, respectively, compared to the control. At this content, the 30-minute early compressive strength reached 66.0 MPa. Quantitative analysis revealed a strong correlation (R² > 0.94) between early strength development parameters and buildability performance, with rate of strength gain exerting greater influence than initial strength. Mechanical anisotropy tests showed that MPET fibers significantly enhanced the flexural strength of 3DPC in the Z-direction of printing. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis confirmed that dopamine modification significantly enhanced the fiber-matrix interface bonding. This research applies modified recycled PET fibers to enhance 3DPC performance while contributing to sustainability efforts in the construction sector, supporting approaches that integrate material recycling with technical innovation.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2025
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IF 13.2
Xingbo Jie,Xingmei Lu,Xiujie Cheng,Hui Duan,Qing Zhou,Yi Li,Jiayu Xin,Junli Xu,Dongxia Yan,Suojiang Zhang
The high-value recycling of post-consumer PET requires breakthroughs in directed depolymerization and carbon chain topology regulation technologies. However, the long-range uniformity of the internal structure of PET, combined with the inability of existing catalysts to differentiate between disordered amorphous regions and ordered crystalline regions, renders the controlled degradation of PET a challenging area of research. In this study, we utilized metal-free phosphate diester ionic liquids (PDILs) to achieve the controlled glycolysis of PET (1500 to 1800 g·mol −1 ) for the first time. By exploiting the difference in degradation difficulty between the amorphous and crystalline regions, a two-stage degradation model “amorphous degradation-crystallization degradation” was employed to achieve controlled glycolysis of PET. Under the catalysis of PDILs, the molecular weight of PET particles decreased overall through the permeation of ethylene glycol and the sequential degradation of PET's amorphous and crystalline regions. The “crystallization protection” effect of the crystalline regions enabled the achievement of a high yield (>70 %) while maintaining controlled molecular weight equilibrium. In addition, this study presented a utilization strategy for oligomer by developing a conductive hydrogel sensor with enhanced mechanical properties. This approach established a novel upgrade pathway of “waste PET - oligomer - advanced materials” providing new insights into the controlled degradation of PET and the subsequent utilization of its degradation products.
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CATALYSIS TODAY
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2025
·
IF 5.3
Yan Fang,Chengcheng Cai,Hiromi Yamashita,Xufang Qian,Yixin Zhao
Electrocatalytic CO 2 reduction reaction (CRR) to produce value-added chemicals offers a sustainable strategy to address energy crisis and climate change. However, the conventional CRR is always coupled with the anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER), suffering from large overpotential, and high energy consumption. To overcome this, we proposed an alternative system by pairing CRR with the electrocatalytic oxidation of ethylene glycol (EGOR), a product derived from the depolymerization of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic waste. This novel coupled system enabled the simultaneous production of formate on both electrodes, achieving the dual utilization of plastic waste and CO 2 . In this study, we developed a commercially viable system combining a robust NiOOH electrocatalyst synthesized through a facile electrodeposition for EGOR with a low-cost Bi 2 O 3 electrocatalyst for CRR. The NiOOH electrocatalyst achieved Faradaic efficiencies over 88 % for EG oxidation into formate within a broad potential window (1.4–1.8 V RHE ), while Bi 2 O 3 delivered Faradaic efficiencies more than 90 % for CO 2 -to-formate conversion within −0.8 to −1.2 V RHE . When integrated in a two-electrode configuration, the EGOR/CRR system produced formate at both electrodes with Faradaic efficiencies above 85 % across a wide cell voltage (2.0–2.6 V), requiring a ∼300 mV lower cell potential compared to the OER/CRR system. This coupled system reached commercial-level current densities above 200 mA cm −2 or 400 mA cm −2 at 3.0 V when implemented in the flow cell or the MEA cell, respectively. These results demonstrated the potential to use waste-derived reactants and commercially accessible eletrocatalytsts to realize energy-efficient and scalable conversion into formate.
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EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
·
2025
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IF 6.3
Hezhen Pang,Jian Wang,Penglei Guo,Jie Zhang,Weiwei Zhao,Na Wang,Xiaoqing Liu
2,2,4,4-Tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol (CBDO) modified co-polyesters are expected to replace bisphenol A polycarbonate applications in many fields, and the cis – trans isomerisation of CBDO directly affects the co-polyester properties. However, the separation of cis – trans CBDO isomers and the influence of cis–trans isomer ratio on the performance of co-polyester are poorly investigated at present. In this paper, an efficient method of separating cis – trans CBDO isomers was proposed, and CBDO modified PET co-polyesters (PEBT) with a total CBDO content of about 40 % and a cis -CBDO content of 20–100 % were synthesized by modulating the cis - content. The glass transition temperature (T g ) of the co-polyester with 100 % cis -CBDO was as high as 117.8 °C, and the increment in T g of the co-polyester with per mol of cis -CBDO introduced was calculated to be 0.92 °C, which was 2.7 times of the increment of trans -CBDO (0.34 °C). With the increase of cis -CBDO content from 20 % to 100 %, the tensile strength was correspondingly increased from 35.4 MPa to 40.2 MPa, and the elongation at break decreased from 74 % to 18 %, respectively. This paper provides a theoretical basis for the preparation of high-performance CBDO-modified co-polyesters.
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BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
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2026
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IF 8.2
Rui Xiao,Yushu Li,Peng Liu,Howard H. Chou
Oxidase–protease fusion enzyme (A20674) removes recalcitrant nitrogenous compounds. • PETase-evolved strain B84 shows 3 × higher IAA and 4 × PET removal. • Synthetic symbiosis enables 9 × microplastic and 5 × plastic fragment removal. • Optimized microalgal-bacterial consortium reduced organic nitrogen to ≤ 5 mg/L. • Performance validated in industrial and defined wastewaters. Industrial wastewaters—particularly those from the printing and dyeing sector—contain complex mixtures of recalcitrant nitrogen-containing organic compounds and microplastics that resist conventional treatment. Here we report a previously undescribed oxidase–protease fusion enzyme (A20674), discovered through transcriptomic analysis of wastewater-acclimated Chlorella vulgaris . Domain dissection reveals that the oxidase-like region drives broad-spectrum removal of N -heterocyclic and aromatic compounds, while the protease-like domain removes organic nitrogen. Engineered overexpression of this enzyme boosted organic nitrogen removal up to fifty-five-fold (final concentration 13–100 mg/L) across different industrial wastewaters. Capitalizing on this metabolic specialization, we constructed a synthetic microalgal–bacterial consortium in which Pseudomonas putida uses microalgal extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) as a carbon source to sustain growth, while supplying indole-3-acetic acid that stimulates microalgal biomass and EPS production. Reciprocal engineering of EPS overproduction in C. vulgaris and enhanced polysaccharide-catabolism in P. putida amplified this mutualistic loop. An evolved, PETase/MHETase-expressing P. putida strain simultaneously acquired elevated IAA output, further strengthening the symbiosis. The optimized consortium reduced organic nitrogen concentrations by sixteen-fold to discharge-compliant levels (≤5 mg/L), enhanced removal of recalcitrant organic nitrogen compounds by five-fold (final concentration 34 mg/L), and improved PET microplastic removal by nine-fold (initial concentration 1 g/L and final concentration 684 mg/L) in printing and dyeing wastewater. These findings uncover a bifunctional enzyme architecture for degrading structurally diverse industrial pollutants, and establish a synthetic-ecology framework for integrated removal of dissolved nitrogen-containing organic compounds and particulate microplastics—a combination unattainable by any single organism or conventional treatment process.
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JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
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2026
·
IF 2.8
Mingzhu Sun,Linlin Zhao
To achieve high-value utilization of waste resources, this study employed discarded purple mussel shells as raw materials. A catalyst was prepared through one-step calcination at 850°C for the directed synthesis of diisooctyl terephthalate (DOTP) via the alcoholysis of waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) with 2-ethylhexanol (2-EH). Through response surface methodology (RSM) optimization (reaction temperature 185°C–190°C, catalyst loading 6.10 wt% relative to PET, n(2-EH): n(PET) = 5.26, reaction time 3.18 h), complete PET degradation was achieved with a stable DOTP yield of 83.12%. This study established a closed-loop utilization system for “waste-to-waste resource conversion,” marking the first successful conversion of purple mussel shell waste into a high-efficiency PET alcoholysis catalyst. This breakthrough enabled the direct, one-step, targeted synthesis of the target product DOTP from waste PET alcoholysis, overcoming the technical bottleneck of traditional PET alcoholysis processes that rely on chemical catalysts and struggle to directly synthesize DOTP. It offered a novel strategy for the synergistic development of marine biomass waste utilization and green polymer recycling.
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REACTIVE & FUNCTIONAL POLYMERS
·
2026
·
IF 5.4
Xu Dong,Yi Wang,Jiahao Xu,Liangjun Chen,Yanqing Cai,Yancheng He,Chengyan Li,Xudong Cui,Feng Wang,Xuxu Zheng,Yongjun Zhan,Xiangling Lai,Yanhao Huang
A polysiloxane with linear chain was fabricated. • The adhesion between PET and Al was enhanced by polysiloxane. • Condensed Al films were prepared and its regulation mechanism was revealed. • High-performance composite current collectors for LIBs were fabricated. Composite current collectors (CCCs) are promising for improving the mass energy density and safety characteristics of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), but are recently challenged by poor combination between polymer matrix and metal layer. In this study, a poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) based composite current collector (PET-DMDS basic -Al) was fabricated by constructing a silane coupling agent (KH-560)/ dimethoxydimethylsilane (DMDS) co -hydrolyzed polysiloxane interlayer on the surface of PET, followed by magnetron sputtering of an aluminum (Al) layer, where linear molecular chain were formed in the polysiloxane interlayer under alkaline condition. The results demonstrate that the linear polysiloxane chain contributes to the formation of refined Al crystals, further enabling PET-DMDS basic -Al to exhibit a modulus approximately 300 MPa higher than that of PET-Al current collectors, together with a 3.8-fold increase in elongation at break. In addition, the Al shedding area was reduced from 10.03% for PET-Al to 2.11% for PET-DMDS basic -Al. Owing to the strong adhesion of Al layer on PET brought by linear polysiloxane and Al crystal grains controlled by growth conditions, the modified collectors also show significant improvements in corrosion resistance, thermal stability, and electrochemical performance compared to representative reported works. This study provides an effective interfacial engineering strategy and a practical materials basis to develop PET-based composite current collectors for LIB safety. Download: Download high-res image (147KB) Download: Download full-size image
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ACTA PHYSICO-CHIMICA SINICA
·
2025
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IF 13.5
Shiyi Chen,Jialong Fu,Jianping Qiu,Guoju Chang,Shiyou Hao
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has increased the necessity of medical masks, and to date, many waste masks have been discarded without being reprocessed, causing environmental harm. PET, a commonly used plastic product, presents certain hurdles to its natural degradation. In this work, waste medical masks were converted into carbon quantum dots (MCQDs) with blue fluorescence emissions using a simple solvothermal process and then doped into BiOBr/g-C 3 N 4 composite material to construct S-scheme heterojunctions for PET degradation. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed that an interfacial electric field (IEF) was formed between g-C 3 N 4 and BiOBr. The findings demonstrate that the MCQDs, as a cocatalyst for electron transmission and storage, encourage S-scheme heterojunctions to further separate photogenerated electrons and holes. Levofloxacin (LEV) was used as a molecular probe to visually compare the catalytic activities of various catalysts. These catalysts with different photocatalytic activity were then used to degrade PET. The findings demonstrate that the degradation efficiency of PET over the BiOBr/g-C 3 N 4 /3MCQDs in seawater is 39.88 ± 1.04% (weight loss), which is 1.37 times higher than that of BiOBr/g-C 3 N 4 , and also better than those reported in most of the literature. Free radical capture tests, electrostatic field orbital trap high-resolution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HRGC-MS), and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) experiments uncovered and briefly revealed the key products in the photocatalytic degradation of PET, as well as the relevant mechanism of photocatalytic degradation of PET. The degradation products are expected to become precursors for the further production of polymers and medicines, etc . This study offers fresh perspectives for the creation of innovative photocatalysts for the ecologically benign breakdown of PET, which helps to further lessen environmental damage caused by microplastics (MPs) and enhance resource sustainability.
研究领域:
环境科学
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材料科学
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化学工程
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纳米技术
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高分子科学
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催化
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JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
·
2025
·
IF 6.8
Guolin Wang,Qianhe Xu,Shuyi Zhang,Ying Han,Xili Lu,Xuefen Li,Xinhui Su,Zhenfeng Liu
Fatty acid metabolism plays a critical role in cancer development. In this study, a novel medium-chain fatty acid (MCFA) PET tracer, 2-[18F]fluorohexanoic acid (18F-FHA), was successfully synthesized with high radiochemical yield (65 ± 5.4%) and purity (>99%). Tumor radiotracer uptake at 60 min in A431, Hek293, Kpc, 4T1, Hep3b, and Lm3 xenograft models was 7.1 ± 0.4, 8.8 ± 0.6, 7.7 ± 0.5, 7.2 ± 0.4, 5.1 ± 0.3, and 4.9 ± 0.3 percentage injected dose per gram (% ID/g), respectively. Pretreatment with salicylic acid (SA), an inhibitor of medium-chain acyl-CoA synthetase (ACSM), significantly enhanced tumor uptake (p < 0.05) but showed no effect on blood uptake (p = 0.115). The biodistribution analysis demonstrated that 18F-FHA exhibited rapid hepatic and cardiac accumulation followed by gradual clearance, whereas tumor uptake exhibited gradual elevation within the initial 20 min and remained relatively stable through the 90 min observation period. 18F-FHA warranted further investigation as a potential PET imaging agent for tumors.
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JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH
·
2023
·Vol. 30
·期 4
·1-13
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IF 2.8
Gao Bingying,Sun Xuzhang,Wang Can,Yao Chao,Mao Linqiang
Pyrolysis or dissolution of waste PET plastics (WPP) by specific solvents, which is inevitable in the resource’s secondary utilization, will lead to chemical bond fracture thus resulting in loss of mechanical strength. This greatly restricts the secondary utilization of WPP. We proposed a simple and economical new chemical method to transform WPP into a high–value monolithic material, which not only solves the problem of environmental pollution, but also provides a new idea for the disposal of WPP. The new high temperature resistant chemical structure Al–O–P–O–Al was successfully generated through the reaction of high temperature resistant adhesive Al(H 2 PO 4 ) 3 (AHP) with the monomer or polymer from dissolved WPP. New chemical bonds such as –OH, C = O, C–Cl, P = O were also formed in the transformed monolithic material structure, and they were the principal reason for the increase in mechanical strength of monolithic material. The original hydrophilic group on the surface of the monolithic material was replaced by the hydrophobic group –CH 3 after the treatment by triethoxyoctylsilane (TS). Ultimately, the resulting monolithic material exhibited good comprehensive properties of high flame retardancy, flame retardancy (~ 1300 °C), mechanical strength (maximum compressive strength of 29.1 MPa), and hydrophobicity (water contact angle: 110°). This work has important implications for solving the serious problem of a sharp decline in mechanical strength and inflammability in the reuse of WPP.
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JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
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2022
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IF 14.224
Hongcai Su,Tian Li,Shurong Wang,Lingjun Zhu,Yanjun Hu
The accumulation and improper disposal of a large amount of plastic waste have exacerbated the deterioration of the global ecosystem and environment. To simplify the complex management system and alleviate the environmental impact of plastic wastes, this study reports a novel one-pot hydrothermal conversion strategy for polyethylene terephthalate (PET), integrating three steps, namely depolymerization , subsequent in-situ aqueous phase reforming, and in-situ CO 2 capture. Here, the PET waste was converted directly into the clean high-purity H 2 fuel and the disodium terephthalate (Na 2 -TPA). A high yield of H 2 at 23.7 mol/kg PET with ca. 99 % of H 2 concentration was obtained at a temperature as low as 240 °C. The feasibility of this strategy in handling real-world PET plastic wastes was demonstrated through a series of tests on beverage bottles, food packaging, and polyester fabric waste. The Na 2 -TPA crystals produced from the proposed PET conversion system exhibited purity close to that of the standard sample, and thus had the potential to be directly used as an electrode material . Overall, this strategy provides an efficient way to transform PET waste into high-value products and improves the sustainability of the PET waste disposal process.
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Frontiers in Oncology
·
2022
·
IF 5.738
Ren Ya’nan,Liu Chen,Liu Teli,Duan Xiaojiang,Zhang Qian,Liu Jiayue,Wang Pei,Guo Qian,Yang Xing,Du Peng,Zhu Hua,Yang Zhi
Purpose: This study aimed to introduce a novel [18F]AlF-labeled ODAP-Urea-based Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) probe, named [18F]AlF-PSMA-137, which was derived from the successful modification of glutamate-like functional group. The preclinically physical and biological characteristics of the probe were analyzed. Polit clinical PET/CT translation was performed to analyze its feasibility in clinical diagnosis of prostate cancer.Methods: [18F]AlF-PSMA-137 was maturely labeled with the [18F]AlF2+ labeling technique. It was analyzed by radio-HPLC for radiochemical purity and stability analysis in vitro and in vivo. The PSMA specificity was investigated in PSMA-positive (LNCaP) and PSMA-negative (PC3) cells, and the binding affinity was evaluated in LNCaP cells. Micro-PET/CT imaging was performed in mice bearing LNCaP or PC3 tumors. Thirteen patients with newly diagnosed prostate cancer were included for [18F]AlF-PSMA-137 PET/CT imaging. Physiologic biodistribution and tumor burden were semi-quantitatively evaluated and the radiation dosimetry of [18F]AlF-PSMA-137 was estimated.Results: The radiochemical yield of [18F]AlF-PSMA-137 was 54.2 ± 10.7% (n = 16) with the radiochemical purity over 99% and the specific activity of 26.36 ± 7.33 GBq/μmol. The binding affinity to PSMA was 2.11 ± 0.63 nM. [18F]AlF-PSMA-137 showed high cell/tumor uptake which can be specifically blocked by PSMA inhibitor. According to the biodistribution in patients, [18F]AlF-PSMA-137 was mainly accumulated in kidneys, lacrimal glands, parotid glands, submandibular glands and liver which was similar to the extensive Glu-Ureas based probes. A total of 81 lesions were detected in PET/CT imaging and over 91% of lesions increased between 1 h p.i. (SUVmean: 10.98 ± 18.12) and 2 h p.i. (SUVmean: 14.25 ± 21.28) (p < 0.001). Additionally, the probe showed intensive accumulation in lesions which provided excellent imaging contrast with the high tumor-to-muscle ratio of 15.57 ± 27.21 at 1 h p.i. and 25.42 ± 36.60 at 2 h p.i. (p < 0.001), respectively. The effective dose of [18F]AlF-PSMA-137 was estimated as 0.0119 ± 0.0009 mSv/MBq.Conclusion: An ODAP-Urea-based PSMA probe [18F]AlF-PSMA-137 was successfully prepared with high specificity and binding affinity to PSMA. Micro-PET/CT imaging study demonstrated its feasibility for prostate cancer imaging. Pilot clinical study showed its potential for delay-imaging and prostate cancer detection.
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