Nature Communications
·
2025
·Vol. 16
·期 1
·1-10
·
IF 15.7
Wu Yanqiu,Yang Shuzhang,Li Enlong,Liu Yu,Yuan Feng,Wen Jincheng,Hua Lina,Wang Wunan,Yang Yingguo,Lei Yusheng,Chu Junhao,Li Wenwu
Quasi-2D tin-based perovskites are promising p-type semiconductors due to their thermodynamic stability and suppressed ion migration tendencies. However, the competitive growth of low- and high-dimensional phases leads to pronounced structural disorder, increased defect density, and poor crystallographic orientation, thereby restricting charge transport. Here, phenethylammonium thiocyanate (PEASCN) is incorporated into the precursor to promote the preferential formation of PEA 2 FA n -1 Sn n I 3 n -1 SCN 2 ( n = 2) templates. Substituting formamidinium iodide (FAI) with formamidinium formate (FAHCOO) and ammonium iodide (NH 4 I) suppresses the uncontrollable growth of 3D FASnI 3 at room temperature, enabling precise crystallization control. These low-dimensional templates guide the growth of high-dimensional phases upon annealing, yielding vertically oriented films with reduced defects. The fabricated field-effect transistors exhibit mobility up to 43 cm 2 V −1 s −1 and an on/off ratio exceeding 10 8 , alongside nearly negligible hysteresis and enhanced stability. These results demonstrate a viable approach for regulating crystallization kinetics and realizing high-performance, stable tin-based perovskite devices.
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JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
·
2025
·
IF 4.6
Yuhan Yang,Lin Liu,Jiao Yu,Yang Zhang,Yuanyue Lu,Yong Mei,Yingying Gu
Heavy metal contamination, especially Pb 2+ and Cd 2+ , poses severe risks to food safety and human health, creating an urgent need for rapid and sensitive detection methods. Herein, a novel tin-based electrochemical sensor with graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was developed for the simultaneous detection of Pb 2+ and Cd 2+ in vegetables. The SnO 2 /g-C 3 N 4 @MWCNTs/GCE was systematically characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The synergistic effect of the g-C 3 N 4 @MWCNTs composite and the SnO 2 film effectively facilitated electron transfer and accelerated the response, enhancing sensing performance. Under optimal conditions, the linear range of the sensor for Pb 2+ and Cd 2+ was 10–400 μg·L −1 . The limits of detection (LODs) were 0.40 μg·L −1 and 0.61 μg·L −1 for Pb 2+ and Cd 2+ , respectively. In vegetable samples, the recoveries of Pb 2+ and Cd 2+ in spinach, lettuce, and cabbage were all within the range of 95–105 %. This study provides a new method to quickly, sensitively, and simultaneously detect Pb 2+ and Cd 2+ in vegetables. These findings expand the application of environmentally friendly tin-based electrochemical sensors for actual sample detection.
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RSC Advances
·
2015
·Vol. 5
·期 60
·48811-48815
·
IF 3.84
Maochao Wei,Shuo Duan,Shan Liu,Xiangli Zheng,Fangquan Xia,Changli Zhou
In this paper, specific electrochemical interaction between phenanthrene (Phe) and anthraquinone sulfonate (AQS) was first investigated by Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) and Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV). Poly diallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA) and AQS were modified onto indium–tin oxide (AQS/PDDA/ITO) by self-assembling. Owing to the specific interaction between AQS and Phe, the amount of Phe could be quantified by the electrochemical oxidation peak current difference of AQS at AQS/PDDA/ITO in the range from 1.0 × 10−12 to 1.0 × 10−9 mol L−1 with a linearity (r = 0.9942) and a low detection limit of 5.0 × 10−13 mol L−1 (S/N = 3). As an example of its practical application, the new sensor was used for quantitative determination of Phe in a standard sample and cloud-rain water samples of Mount Taishan with satisfactory results.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
分析化学
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Journal of Materials Chemistry A
·
2019
·Vol. 7
·期 37
·21378-21385
·
IF 10.733
Wei Wen,Jincheng Yao,Hua Tan,Jin-Ming Wu
Electrode materials with hollow micro/nanostructures and high electrical conductivity are important for achieving high-power supercapacitors, especially those with super-fast charging/discharging. TiN, which can be easily obtained from TiO2, is regarded as a high-power supercapacitor material. Here, we report that a nanoscale Kirkendall effect is triggered by surface branches on TiO2 nanowires, which then transform into hollow TiN nanotrees during a thermal nitridation process. The surface branches play a key role in accelerating the initial reaction, which forms a uniform, continuous surface TiN layer and induces the Kirkendall effect via surface diffusion. The hollow TiN nanotrees have a high surface area, porous structure, and high electrical conductivity. The constructed symmetric supercapacitors exhibit high areal and volumetric energy density, super-fast charge/discharge ability, and good capacitance retention up to 350 000 cycles. This work provides a new method to synthesize hollow TiN nanostructures and demonstrates their advantages in achieving high-power energy storage devices.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
纳米科技
·
电化学
·
能源存储
·
功能材料
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APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 6.3
Ning Ma,Xiaobo Ma,Ling Ma,Xiaomeng Wang,Zhijie Cao
The high desorption temperature and sluggish kinetics of NaAlH 4 limit its applications in hydrogen storage . To address these issues, a Ni nanoparticles-loaded TiN composite catalyst with excellent thermodynamic stability and catalytic activity was constructed. The addition of 5 wt% Ni 10 @TiN reduced the initial dehydrogenation temperature of NaAlH 4 to 81 °C, and a total amount of 5.4 wt% H 2 could be released within 20 min at 170 °C. The activation energies for the two-step dehydrogenations were significantly reduced to 66.3 kJ/mol and 81.4kJ/mol, respectively, which were 43 % and 36 % lower than that of pure NaAlH 4 . Experimental results and theoretical calculations suggested that these remarkable improvements were originated from the grain refinement of NaAlH 4 and multi-fold catalytic activities of Ni 10 @TiN catalyst like providing catalytic active sites, facilitating the breaking of Al-H and H-H bonds, and increasing hydrogen diffusion channels. These findings may offer new ideas for designing high-efficiency catalysts for solid-state hydrogen storage materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
氢存储
·
催化
·
纳米材料
·
储能
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Nanoscale
·
2026
·
IF 5.2
Shuai Wang,Liu Chang,Yue Qin,Zepu Chen,Qingfa Wang
The conversion of CO 2 into high-value chemicals using renewable electricity holds great application prospects. However, improving the selectivity toward C 2 products remains a challenge. Here, we report a Sn atomically dispersed in Cu2O matrix (Sn-Cu2O), synthesized via a facile one-pot method. The as-prepared catalyst Sn-Cu2O-0.025 displays a Faradaic efficiency of 73.2% for C2 products with ethanol accounting for 32.1% at the current density of 200 mA cm-2 . Based on in-situ FT-IR characterization, the introduction of Sn promotes the activation of CO2 to *CO and enhances the coverage of *CO. As a result, the C-C coupling accelerates the formation process of key intermediates *OCCOH and enhances the selectivity of the C2 products. This study provides insights
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Environment & Health
·
2026
·
IF 8.8
Yueyue Mu,Jiawei Wu,Xiaomeng Ding,Yanting Pang,Yuna Cao,Jing Qu,Haopeng Zhang,Qing Liu,Ting Zhang
Indium tin oxide (ITO) particles, widely utilized in electronics and energy technologies, pose significant pulmonary risks due to occupational exposure during manufacturing. While emerging evidence links ITO to severe lung pathologies, critical gaps persist in understanding size-dependent effects and molecular mechanisms. This study systematically investigates the size-dependent effects of nanoscale ITO (N-ITO) and submicron-scale ITO (U-ITO) on pulmonary toxicity, focusing on ferroptosis as a key mechanism. In vivo, repeated oropharyngeal exposure of mice to ITO (3.6 and 36 mg/kg) induced dose-dependent lung inflammation and ferroptosis, marked by lipid peroxidation, Fe2+ accumulation, and dysregulation of Gpx4 and Scl7a11 proteins, with pulmonary macrophages identified as primary targets. In vitro, THP-1 macrophages exposed to 6.25–25 μg/mL ITO exhibited size-dependent cytotoxicity, inflammation, and ferroptotic hallmarks. Mechanistically, ITO-triggered ferroptosis promoted HMGB1 secretion and nuclear translocation, which activated the RAGE/p38MAPK pathway, amplifying inflammatory responses. Notably, N-ITO induced stronger ferroptosis and inflammation than U-ITO, correlating with enhanced macrophage uptake due to its nanoscale dimensions. Integrating these findings, we propose an Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) framework for ITO-induced lung injury, which cellular uptake may serve as the molecular initiating event and link ferroptosis-driven high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) release, RAGE/p38MAPK activation, and chronic inflammation to adverse pulmonary outcomes. This study underscores the necessity of size-specific occupational exposure limits for ITO nanoparticles and provides a mechanistic foundation for risk assessment and management strategies in occupational settings.
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Research
·
2025
·
IF 10.7
Haoxu Si,Shuai Zhang,Yaqin Ding,Chongyang Chai,Shuaishuai Zhou,Cuiping Li,Jingwei Zhang,Chunhong Gong
According to the relationship between unit size and wavelength, electromagnetic waves (EMWs) in metacomposites can be effectively absorbed through inherent loss mechanisms. However, limited loss ability has emerged as a primary obstacle to achieving efficient EMW absorption (EMWA) performance. The challenge of enhancing the attenuation of corresponding metacomposites remains important. In this study, we prepared elaborate titanium nitride/reduced graphene oxide units with controllable conductivities and sizes, which formed the microwave antireflective surface of metacomposites. This configuration contributes to improved impedance matching and reduced temperature sensitivity concerning EMWA performance. More importantly, EMWs experience repeated collisions and loss, along with multiple reflections and scattering within metacomposites. This phenomenon extends the transmission pathways of EMWs, thereby increasing additional loss capacity. Consequently, these metacomposites exhibited exceptional EMWA performance across a broad temperature range (298 to 573 K), while maintaining a low filler content of 1.0 wt% units. Henceforth, our findings not only provide an advantageous pathway for high design flexibility in EMWA but also pave the way for new research directions and possibilities regarding advanced lightweight metacomposites that optimize EMWA over an extensive temperature range.
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Journal of the American Chemical Society
·
2022
·
IF 16.383
Xinyu Li,Yan Guan,Xiaotong Li,Yongping Fu
Two-dimensional (2D) metal halide perovskites are promising tunable semiconductors. Previous studies have focused on Pb-based structures, whereas the multilayered Sn- and Ge-based analogues are largely unexplored, even though they potentially exhibit more diverse structural chemistry and properties associated with the more polarizable ns2 lone-pair electrons. Herein, we report the synthesis and structures of 2D tin iodide perovskites (BA)2(A)Sn2I7, where BA = n-butylammonium and A = methylammonium, formamidinium, dimethylammonium, guanidinium, or acetamidinium, and those of 2D germanium iodide perovskites (BA)2(A)Ge2I7, where A = methylammonium or formamidinium. By comparing these structures along with their Pb counterparts, we establish correlations between the effect of group IV-cation’s lone-pair stereochemical activity on the perovskite crystal structures and the resulting semiconducting properties such as bandgaps and carrier–phonon interactions and nonlinear optical properties. We find that the strength of carrier–phonon interaction increases with increasing lone-pair activity, leading to a more prominent photoluminescence tail on the low-energy side. Moreover, (BA)2(A)Ge2I7 exhibit strong second harmonic generation with second-order nonlinear coefficients of ∼10 pm V–1 that are at least 10 times those of Sn counterparts and 100 times those of Pb counterparts. We also report the third-order two-photon absorption coefficients of (BA)2(A)Sn2I7 to be ∼10 cm MW–1, which are one order of magnitude larger than those of the Pb counterparts and traditional inorganic semiconductors. These results not only highlight the role of lone-pair activity in linking the compositions and physical properties of 2D halide perovskites but also demonstrate 2D tin and germanium iodide perovskites as promising lead-free alternatives for nonlinear optoelectronic devices.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光电技术
·
半导体物理
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Nanoscale
·
2024
·Vol. 16
·期 27
·13171-13182
·
IF 5.8
Xiao Wang,Chen Zhao,Peng Luo,Yan Xin,Yunnian Ge,Huajun Tian
Rechargeable aluminum ion batteries (RAIBs) exhibit great potential for next-generation energy storage systems owing to the abundant resources, high theoretical volumetric capacity and light weight of the Al metal anode. However, the development of RAIBs based on Al metal anodes faces challenges such as dendrite formation, self-corrosion, and volume expansion at the anode/electrolyte interface, which needs the rational design of an aluminum anode for high-performance RAIBs. This work proposes a novel and low-cost strategy by utilizing an alloy electrodeposition method in a low-temperature molten salt system to fabricate an aluminum–tin (AlSn) alloy coating layer on copper foil as the anode for RAIBs, which successfully addresses the issues of dendrite formation and corrosion at the anode/electrolyte interface. The artificial AlSn alloy layer could enhance the active sites for metal Al homogeneous deposition and effectively retard the dendrite formation, which was verified by an in situ optical microscopy study. The symmetric AlSn@Cu cell demonstrates a low average overpotential of ∼38 mV at a current density of 0.5 mA cm−2 and a long-term lifespan of over 1100 h. Moreover, the AlSn@Cu//Mo6S8 full cells deliver a high capacity of 114.9 mA h g−1 at a current density of 100 mA g−1 and maintain ultra-stable cycling stability even over 1400 cycles with a ∼100% coulombic efficiency (CE) during the long-term charge/discharge processes. This facile alloy electrodeposition approach for designing high-performance Al-based anodes provides insights into the understanding of artificial interface chemistry on Al-based anodes and potentially accelerates the design of high-performance RAIBs.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
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Journal of Cleaner Production
·
2023
·
IF 11.1
Can Liu,Haojie Ge,Linxue Yan,Xiaoping Yu,Yafei Guo,Nelson Belzile,Tianlong Deng
The removal of Cs from radioactive wastewater remains a great challenge due to the presence of a large number of coexisting ions. Herein, a novel porous fiber-supported metal tin sulfide named PVC-[Me 2 NH 2 ] 2 Sn 3 S 7 was designed. Specifically, four tin sulfides were prepared by the one-pot method in different solvents. Water was the most suitable solvent since it was essential for converting amides to cations. When three amides were used as precursors, [Me 2 NH 2 ] 2 Sn 3 S 7 prepared with DMF showed the best adsorption performance. Five polymers were then comprehensively evaluated around physicochemical stability, hydrophilicity , and cost to facilitate the engineering application of adsorbents. Finally, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) was selected as the support material. The optimized porous PVC-[Me 2 NH 2 ] 2 Sn 3 S 7 fiber with 50 wt% [Me 2 NH 2 ] 2 Sn 3 S 7 percentage can reach adsorption equilibrium within 30 min, has a wide active pH range of 2–12, and has a high adsorption capacity of 419.01 mg g −1 . When applied to simulated wastewater, the separation coefficients of Cs + and coexisting ions were above 1 × 10 4 . The Cs + adsorption enthalpy change was obtained by calorimetric study and simulation calculation. Even after 50 consecutive cycles, the removal efficiency barely decayed. The Cs + concentration could be enriched to 259.93 times that of the geothermal water . The above advantages make PVC-[Me 2 NH 2 ] 2 Sn 3 S 7 a promising adsorbent for selective Cs + removal from wastewater.
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Small Methods
·
2023
·Vol. 7
·期 3
·2201276
·
IF 12.4
Wentao Chen,Yuqiong Huang,Hong Cui,Sihan Li,Yaqing Feng,Bao Zhang
The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of tin–lead perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is normally lower than that of Pb cells, mainly due to greater open circuit voltage ( V OC ) losses. Herein, the additive 2,6-diaminopyridine (TNPD) is designed to anchor on the surface of the perovskite precursor colloid as nucleating agent to modulate the growth of Pb–Sn perovskites. It is observed that the TNPD not only effectively induces crystal growth during the nucleation stage, remaining on the crystal surface and ultimately passivating the resulting perovskite films, but also releases the micro-strain generated during the film growth. Furthermore, TNPD could lower the defect density (Sn 4+ amount) by screening the perovskite against oxygen and by synergistically bonding with undercoordinated Sn/Pb on the surface. Finally, a high V OC of 0.85 V is obtained, corresponding to a voltage deficit of 0.41 V using a perovskite absorber with a bandgap of 1.26 eV, and a high PCE (20.35%) reported so far for Pb–Sn PSCs. Moreover, the stability of the TNPD-incorporated device is significantly improved, and the PCE maintains 50% of the initial value after about 1000 h storage in glovebox without encapsulated, in comparison to that of the control device (about 700 h, maintaining 30% of the initial value).
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