LANGMUIR
·
2023
·
IF 3.9
Xianan Qin,Xiaomin Liao,Hao Zhang,Huan Jin,Shunli Xiao,Wangyang Lu
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles have been extensively used to modify the optical properties of various types of materials. In particular, they have been intensively loaded onto polymer fibers to quench the light reflection. In situ polymerization and online addition are two common strategies for fabricating TiO2-loaded polymer nanocomposite fibers. The former does not require separate preparation of masterbatches as the latter does and therefore has its advantages in terms of decreasing the fabrication steps and economic costs. Moreover, it has been found that in situ-polymerized TiO2-loaded polymer nanocomposite fibers (e.g., TiO2/poly(ethylene terephthalate) fibers) usually have enhanced light-extinction properties over those prepared by the online addition process. Intuitively, there should be a difference in the filler particle dispersion for the two fabrication processes. This hypothesis has not yet been tackled due to the technical difficulty in acquiring the three-dimensional (3D) filler morphology inside the fiber matrix. In this paper, we report a study using the powerful focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) with a resolution of 20 nm to directly acquire the 3D microstructure of TiO2/poly(ethylene terephthalate) nanocomposite (TiO2/PET) fibers. This microscopy technique allows us to characterize the particle size statistics and the dispersion inside TiO2/PET fibers. We have found that the particle size of TiO2 inside the fiber matrix can be well modeled by Weibull statistics. Surprisingly, we find that TiO2 nanoparticles form more significant agglomeration in the in situ-polymerized TiO2/PET fibers. This observation is contrary to our common understanding of the two fabrication processes. Namely, slightly altering the particle dispersion with increased TiO2 filler size helps improve the light-extinction properties. The slightly increased filler size may have altered the Mie scattering between the nanoparticles and the incident visible light, leading to enhanced light-extinction properties of in situ-polymerized TiO2/PET nanocomposite fibers.
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Colloid and Interface Science Communications
·
2023
·
IF 4.5
Shihui Jiao,Mingyu Shang,Yan Chen,Guangsheng Pang
The in situ anchoring of metal elements on the surface of nanomaterials is a state-of-the-art technology that can significantly enhance the performance of materials. We have successfully fabricated noble metal-ion modified rutile TiO 2 nanobars, which exhibit exceptional catalytic activity in both H 2 generation and CO oxidation. Firstly, we synthesized Ti 3+ self-doped rutile TiO 2-x nanobars by a simple solvothermal method using Zn as a reductant, resulting in highly crystalline structures with a significant proportion of (110) surfaces. The reduced nanobars chemically absorb the noble metal cations with the addition of a solution of a noble metal salt in the absence of light to form in situ noble metal-ion modified catalysts. TiO 2 nanobars with 1 wt% Pt 2+ and Pd 2+ exhibited excellent performance in photocatalytic H 2 generation from water and low temperature CO oxidation. Moreover, the samples modified with low noble metal ions (0.1 wt%) also show effective activity in H 2 generation.
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Journal of Cleaner Production
·
2023
·
IF 11.1
Chaoqi Chen,Shichao Xu,Xu Xu,Yini Cao,Yan Qing,Yiqiang Wu,Zhaoshuang Li
Developing multifunctional materials with green, lasting, and simple preparation processes is a hot topic and challenge in solving the problem of oil spill contamination. A multifunctionalized superhydrophobic coating was generated via cross-linking 3-(Trimethoxysilyl) propyl acrylate with Polyethyleneimine in a multifunctional covalent manner and modifying the cotton fabric surface with silylated modified rosin acid (RA-Si) as well as TiO 2 nanoparticles . The coated samples had remarkable superhydrophobicity with self-cleaning as well as stain resistance. With bactericidal rates of 97.73 % and 98.36 %, respectively, the coated samples effectively inhibited the formation of biofilms and showed high antimicrobial performance for both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli . Meanwhile, the coated samples showed outstanding oil absorption and separation of the oil-water mixture. Both water-in-oil and oil-in-water stable emulsions would be effectively separated out of the coated samples after demulsifying. Additionally, the water droplet contact angle of the coated samples was maintained at approximately 150.0° after mechanical and chemical testing. It was noteworthy that the coated samples still exhibited satisfactory separation for stabilizing oil/water emulsions after mechanical wear and chemical corrosion treatment, indicating their excellent mechanical durability. The prepared multifunctional RA-TiO 2 superhydrophobic coating has promising applications in oil-containing wastewater treatment and environmental remediation.
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INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
·
2023
·
IF 4.6
Weihao Zhao,Jinxin Fan,Yuan Tian,Cheng Wang
Lithium metal batteries have become one of the most promising rechargeable batteries due to the ultrahigh theoretical specific capacity of the Li metal anode. However, the Li dendrite growth and volume change of the Li metal anode during repeated Li plating–stripping cycles restrict the practical viability. Herein, a unique lithiophilic gradient structure of uniformly incorporating Ag nanoparticles into a three-dimensional (3D) nanofiber framework with amorphous SiO2 and TiO2 hybrids was prepared by an electrospinning process and used as a multifunctional interlayer between the pristine separator and Li metal foil. The 3D framework not only possesses excellent flexibility but also alleviates volume changes, which can withstand massive Li loading and promote uniform Li+ distribution. In addition, the 3D lithiophilic gradient structure allows for regulable Li+ flux and suppresses Li dendrite growth. Impressively, the Li||Li symmetric batteries with Ag@SiO2–TiO2 interlayers exhibit a prolonged lifespan of 1500 h at 0.5 mA cm–2 for 0.5 mAh cm–2. The full cells coupled with the Ag@SiO2–TiO2 interlayer show a capacity retention rate of 94.6% after 1000 cycles and a high rate capability. This work provides promising guidance for the design of a gradient-distributed lithiophilic structure toward an ultrastable Li metal anode.
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2023
·
IF 5.2
Gang Li,Ruiyang Tan,Xiangcheng Lu,Xinyu Zhang,Chengcheng Zhang,Bohong Gao,Yuting Zhou,Ke Chen,Ping Chen,Xinyi Wang
Chemical composition and morphological optimization are both effective strategies for constructing excellent electromagnetic wave absorption (EMWA) materials. While efficient EMWA materials derived from both metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and MXenes have been extensively studied, composites derived from the Hofmann framework with MXene have not been reported. In this study, we employed a Hofmann framework ([Fe(pz)Ni(CN) 4 ], pz = pyrazine) and MXene (Ti 3 C 2 T x ) to create new MXene@Hofmann (MH1 and MH2) composites, using a simple co-precipitation method with two different contents of [Fe(pz)Ni(CN) 4 ]. The FeNi/C/TiO 2 composites with a multi-layered structure inherited from MXene were prepared by annealing the MXene@Hofmann composites at 500, 600, and 700 °C, resulting in the formation of MH1-500/600/700 and MH2-500/600/700 composites. Their compositions, morphologies, electromagnetic parameters, and EMWA performances were characterized. For the composites with a high [Fe(pz)Ni(CN) 4 ] content, MH2-600 has a minimum reflection loss ( RL min ) value of −30.63 dB at a thickness of only 1.8 mm and the broadest effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 3.90 GHz at 2.0 mm, while MH2-700 exhibits superior EMWA performance with an RL min value of −34.34 dB at 1.9 mm and an EAB value of 4.96 GHz at 2.1 mm. Their impressive EMWA performance might be attributed to the synergistic dielectric loss and magnetic loss and also the impedance matching from the reasonable ratio of the magnetic and dielectric components. This work demonstrates an effective strategy for constructing EMWA materials from the Hofmann framework and MXene.
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ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2023
·
IF 6.6
Yuhua Dong,Xueyan Du,Yutong Xie,Kexin Wu,Qiong Zhou
A quaternary composite of Ti 3 C 2 /TiO 2 /TiN/polyaniline was synthesized by doping TiN nanoparticles on the calcined Ti 3 C 2 MXene nanosheets , and then polyaniline was deposited through chemical oxidation . The bandgap and flat band potential of composite were determined by X-ray diffraction and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy. In order to prepare photoanode and photocathodic protective coating, the quaternary composite was added to the polyvinyl alcohol solution and epoxy resin to. Photoelectrochemical results indicated that photoanode and relevant photocathodic protective coating had similar photocurrent with about 5 μA cm −2 , but open circuit potential of the photocathodic protective coating was more negative than that of photoanode. The R ct of photoanode with illumination was 5.5 kΩ, while that of photocathodic coating was 136 kΩ. The 304 stainless steel could be well protected by the photoanode and photocathodic protective coating whether illumination or not, due to synergistic effect of local surface plasmonic resonance of TiN, “electron pool” of polyaniline and non-interfacial contact of TiO 2 and MXene. Moreover, the epoxy resin in the photocathodic coating could act as a kind of physical barrier in the dark environment. Additionally, results of long-term protection test indicated that the photocathodic protective coating under intermittent illumination had better protection property than that of the coating without illumination.
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MICROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2023
·Vol. 190
·期 7
·1-10
·
IF 5.7
Zhang Yujie,Yu Jiarui,Huang Wanjin,Jin Zhenhuan,Li Jianping
A novel extended-gate field-effect transistor (FET) photoelectrochemical (EGFET PEC) sensor was designed for highly sensitive detection of L-cysteine (L-Cys). TiO 2 was initially modified on the ITO electrode by the sol–gel dip-coating method and calcined to produce TiO 2 /ITO. Then, CdS was synthesized on the TiO 2 surface by hydrothermal method to obtain the CdS–TiO 2 heterojunction material. CdS/TiO 2 /ITO was connected to the gate of the FET to obtain an EGFET PEC sensor. Under the irradiation of a xenon lamp simulating visible light, the CdS/TiO 2 heterojunction composite absorbs light energy to produce photogenerated electron–hole pairs, which have strong photocatalytic oxidation activity and oxidize L-Cys covalently identified by Cd(II) through CdS covalent. These pairs generate a photovoltage that controls the current between the source and the drain to detect L-Cys. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the optical drain current ( I D ) of the sensor exhibited a good linear relationship with the logarithm of L-Cys in the range of 5.0 × 10 −9 –1.0 × 10 −6 mol/L, and the detection limit was 1.3 × 10 −9 mol/L (S/N = 3), which is lower than the values reported by other detection methods. Results showed that the CdS/TiO 2 /ITO EGFET PEC sensor revealed high sensitivity and good selectivity. The sensor has been used to determine L-Cys in urine samples. Graphical abstract
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APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
·
2023
·
IF 22.1
Zihao Cui,Qianqian Zhang,Hui Fu,Qihao Liu,Xiaolei Liu,Yaqiang Wu,Peng Gao,Zeyan Wang,Zhaoke Zheng,Hefeng Cheng,Yuanyuan Liu,Ying Dai,Baibiao Huang,Peng Wang
Herein, a facile anti-solvent preparation strategy is proposed to fabricate lead-free halide perovskite Cs 3 Bi 2 Br 9 with TiO 2 , which boosts photocatalytic activation of C(sp 3 )−H bonds in toluene oxidation . TiO 2 not only works as nucleation center to reduce the particle size of perovskite, but could form type II heterojunction with Cs 3 Bi 2 Br 9 , thus improving the photocatalytic performance of the TiO 2 /Cs 3 Bi 2 Br 9 composite. Under AM 1.5 G simulated sunlight irradiation, the optimal TiO 2 /Cs 3 Bi 2 Br 9 composite exhibits both high production rate (9692.5 μmol g −1 h −1 ) and selectivity (91 %) of benzaldehyde product. As verified by in-situ ESR, in-situ FT-IR and DFT calculations, •O 2 − and h + are demonstrated to be the main active species in this process. This work provides a new insight into the design of high-performance lead-free perovskite photocatalysts for organic synthesis.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2023
·
IF 6.2
Han Zhang,Sijia Sun,Hao Ding,Ying Chen
Using amorphous SiO 2 (A-SiO 2 ) and tetrabutyl titanate (TBOT) as raw material, a composite photocatalyst with surface loaded quantum dot size TiO 2 (A-SiO 2 /TiO 2 , AST) was prepared. The degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride as well as mechanism of performance improvement by A-SiO 2 were investigated. The TiO 2 on the composite was anatase with a content of 9.96 wt% and a size of 7–8 nm (quantum dot level). TiO 2 was uniformly distributed and was closely bonded at the interface by chemical bonds. The degradation rate of AST was 95% after 60 min UV exposure, which was comparable to pure nano-TiO 2 . The particle size of TiO 2 in AST was reduced from 20–50 nm to 7–8 nm comparing with pure nano-TiO 2 and changed from a highly agglomerated to a well-dispersed state due to abundant hydroxyl groups on A-SiO 2 surface. TiO 2 bandgap width increased from 3.25 eV to 3.39 eV. These led to the exposing of active sites on TiO 2 and significantly increased photogenerated carrier separation efficiency. This study provides a feasible and simple method to improve TiO 2 nanoparticles’ photocatalytic activity, reduce the usage and achieve recycling to cut the application cost by surface coated.
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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
·
2023
·
IF 9.9
Qun Ding,Xuejun Zou,Jun Ke,Yuying Dong,Yubo Cui,Hongchao Ma
Herein, a ternary TiO 2 /MIL-88A(Fe)/g-C 3 N 4 heterojunction is successfully constructed through a facile hydrothermal strategy for enhancing solar energy harvesting and efficiency of catalytic nitrogen reduction induced by enlarged light absorption range, increasing interfacial charge transfer ability and desirable stability. Under the simulated sunlight irradiation, the N 2 fixation experiment shows that the yield of NH 3 reaches 1084.31 μmol/(g·h) over the TiO 2 /MIL-88A(Fe)/g-C 3 N 4 photocatalyst, and the yield is significantly enhanced, which is 33.68 and 13.94 times that is higher than the pure TiO 2 and g-C 3 N 4 , respectively. In a mean time, the excellent performance of the photocatalytic N 2 fixation over the ternary TiO 2 /MIL-88A(Fe)/g-C 3 N 4 is verified based on density function theory calculation and the decisive step over the composite is investigated by calculating Gibbs free energies of nitrogen reduction paths. The performance enhancement mechanism of TiO 2 /MIL-88A(Fe)/g-C 3 N 4 is speculated, which indicates that the hybridized three-component system presents a desirable Z-scheme band alignment, resulting in the improvement of separation and transfer efficiency of photoinduced charge carriers. The article shows a new and high-efficiency TiO 2 /MIL-88A(Fe)/g-C 3 N 4 photocatalysis for excellent nitrogen reduction ability.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
·
2023
·Vol. 34
·期 15
·1-16
·
IF 2.8
Ding Huihui,Shi Huimin,Wang Tao,Zhang Hengyang,Li Shuang,Zhang Xinshui
In the photocatalytic process, mixed-phase TiO 2 tends to have more carrier transport channels compared with single-phase TiO 2 , which can further accelerate the separation of photogenerated carriers. In this study, biphasic TiO 2 nanofibers containing both rutile and anatase phases were synthesized by electrostatic spinning technique. Subsequently, a variety of biphasic TiO 2 /Ag 3 PO 4 nanofiber photocatalytic materials with different ratios were prepared by combining the in situ growth process. The test results confirm that not only heterojunctions are formed between the components of the composites, but also the optical properties are improved. When the content of Ag 3 PO 4 was 25 wt%, the composite showed excellent photocatalytic activity for both rhodamine B (RHB) and methyl orange (MO). In addition, the main active substances and stability of the composite were investigated by doing active agent capture experiments and stability tests, and a reasonable photocatalytic mechanism was proposed on the basis of the relevant test results.
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DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS
·
2023
·
IF 4.1
Sile Liu,Yifu Bu,Song Cheng,Rongrong Tao
TiO 2 /g-C 3 N 5 heterojunction is synthesized by the simple method, which is used in photocatalytic degradation methylene blue (MB) under visible light irradiation. The characterization analysis indicates that TiO 2 /g-C 3 N 5 has good crystallinity , and the heterojunction between TiO 2 and g-C 3 N 5 is formed with good MB photocatalytic degradation performance . The MB photocatalytic degradation removal of the TiO 2 /g-C 3 N 5 is 97.4 % at the concentration of 20 mg/L, which is significantly improved compared to the TiO 2 and g-C 3 N 5 . The visible light adsorption ability and the separation of photogenerated carriers of the TiO 2 /g-C 3 N 5 are improved, which is beneficial to the MB photocatalytic degradation. TiO 2 /g-C 3 N 5 has good reusability with 95.8 % of the initial removal after 5 cycles. The capture experiment and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy analysis indicate that the existence of the h + , O 2 − and OH involves in MB photocatalytic degradation process . MB photocatalytic mechanism of the TiO 2 /g-C 3 N 5 is consistent with the direct Z scheme mechanism based on the band gap structure calculations.
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