JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY A-CHEMISTRY
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2018
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IF 2.891
Xing Du,Weixin Li,Lei Zhao,Xuan He,Hui Chen,Wei Fang
A facile in-situ modification of photoanode is proposed to construct a unique hierarchical TiO 2 /ZnO structure with the aim at suppressing charge recombination rate and enhancing light harvest efficiency. Foam is not only employed as the soft template to fabricate hierarchical porous TiO 2 films but also as the carrier to realize in-situ growth of one dimensional ZnO nanowires among the TiO 2 nanoparticles. The results revealed that the hierarchical porous TiO 2 nanoparticles could provide both large surface areas and suitable porosity for the loading of quantum dots. In the meantime, ZnO nanowire can act as scattering centers for light absorption and offer direct pathways for electron transportation, thus decreasing the undesired charge recombination process. Consequently, the novel ZnO nanowires in-situ modified hierarchical porous TiO 2 photoanode are used as photoanode material to boost the performances of CdSe sensitized solar cells by virtue of controlling the moderate growth of ZnO nanowires. As a result, a power conversion efficiency of 3.07% is obtained based on this modified photoanode, which manifests 39.5% improvement compared to that of the cells based on bare TiO 2 hierarchical porous films (2.20%) due to the improved interconnections between TiO 2 nanoparticles and FTO substrate caused by ZnO nanowires.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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2018
·
IF 3.609
Yujie Zheng,Bingjie Liu,Pei Cao,Hui Huang,Jing Zhang,Guowei Zhou
In this study, flower-like mesoporous TiO 2 hierarchical spheres (FMTHSs) with ordered stratified structure and TiO 2 nanoparticles (TNPs) were synthesized via a facile solvothermal route and an etching reaction. Multilamellar vesicles (MTSVs) and unilamellar TiO 2 /SiO 2 vesicles (UTSVs) were prepared using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and didodecyldimethylammonium bromide as structure-directing agents under different solvothermal conditions. FMTHSs and TNPs were obtained from the etching reactions of MTSVs and UTSVs, respectively, in an alkaline system. FMTHSs display flower-like, ordered stratified structures on each petal. The thickness of the ordered stratified structure is approximately 3–6 nm, and the number of layers is approximately 2–4. The FMTHSs2 electrode exhibits the first discharge capacity of 212.4 mA h g −1 at 0.2 C, which is higher than that of TNPs electrode (167.6 mA h g −1 ). The discharge specific capacity of FMTHSs2 electrode after 200 cycles at 1 C is 105.9 mA h g −1 , which is higher than that of TNPs electrode (52.2 mA h g −1 ) after the same number of cycles. The outstanding performance of FMTHSs2 electrode is attributed to the advantages of FMTHSs. In particular, their own stratified structure can provide additional active sites for reactions. The hierarchical structure can provide short diffusion length for Li + , large electrolyte–electrode contact area, and superior accommodation of the strain of Li + intercalation/deintercalation.
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Journal of Physical Chemistry C
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2018
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IF 4.484
Jinfeng Lei,Meizhou Zhang,Shen Wang,Lei Deng,Defu Li,Changdao Mu
Water contamination is one of the most serious problems today. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has received increasing attention on water decontamination. It will be a great contribution to fabricate water-soluble anatase TiO2 nanoparticles with efficient visible light photocatalytic activity for water decontamination. Herein, we present a simple one-pot approach to synthesize a water-soluble anatase TiO2 nanoparticle cluster with efficient visible light photocatalytic activity. PEG400 was used as a stabilizer to improve the aqueous dissolubility, while HCl was used to control the anatase phase of TiO2. In particular, titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4) and titanium butoxide were cooperatively served as precursors of titanium. The results indicated that the crystals of TiO2 were stacked together to form big crystal clusters cooperatively using TiCl4 and titanium butoxide as precursors of titanium. The TiO2 crystal cluster presented good aqueous dissolubility, and the anatase phase was successfully controlled. It is interesting that the UV–vis absorbance of aqueous solution of the TiO2 crystal cluster was highly enhanced and expanded into the visible region. The TiO2 crystal cluster possessed efficient photocatalytic activities both under UV and visible light irradiation. The water-soluble TiO2 clusters have application prospect in water decontamination.
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Journal of Materials Chemistry A
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2018
·Vol. 6
·期 31
·15348-15358
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IF 9.931
Ziqiu Ren,Jinde Wu,Na Wang,Xin Li
Current perovskite solar cells (PSCs) often use high-purity single-crystal metal oxides prepared by complex growth processes as electron transport layers (ETLs). In particular, TiO2, as an ETL, can deteriorate the stability of PSCs under illumination. Here, we report a passivation strategy using Er-doped TiO2 synthesized with a one-step hydrothermal method as an ETL. Notably, the oxygen-induced defects in TiO2 have decreased to an acceptable level for PSCs due to the introduction of Er3+ ions. More interestingly, we find that a phase junction can be formed in the mixed crystalline rutile/anatase phase of TiO2, and this TiO2 phase junction can achieve efficient charge separation and accelerate internal electron transfer of the ETL. Taking advantage of these facts, we obtain TiO2-based PSCs through a two-step sequential deposition method in ambient air, whose best efficiency increases by 45.8%. Moreover, the Er-doped device exhibits remarkable ultraviolet resistance ability, whose efficiency is maintained over 90% even after 500 hour ultraviolet irradiation. We believe that this demonstrated strategy provides an effective way for preparing efficient and ultraviolet resistant PSCs in air.
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JOURNAL OF SOL-GEL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
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2018
·Vol. 86
·期 3
·699-710
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IF 1.745
Guo Jiuli,Han Qiuwan,Zhong Siyuan,Zhu Baolin,Huang Weiping,Zhang Shoumin
The M-modified TiO 2 nanotubes (NTs) (M = Ce, Ga, Co, Y, 2.0 wt%) were synthesized by combining sol-gel method with hydrothermal treatment, based on which gold was loaded by the deposition–precipitation approach. These catalysts were loaded with 1.5 wt% gold and calcined at 300 °C, and their catalytic performance was compared with Au/TiO 2 NTs in CO oxidation. TEM results manifested Au/M-TiO 2 NTs (M = Ce, Ga, Co, Y) had smaller gold nanoparticles than Au/TiO 2 NTs. Patterns of XPS revealed the presence of the strong interaction between gold and support in Au/M-TiO 2 NTs (M = Ce, Ga, Co, Y). Ce 4+ , Ga 3+ , Co 2+ , and Y 3+ ions were present as CeO 2 , Ga 2 O 3 , CoO, and Y 2 O 3 in Au/M-TiO 2 NTs (M = Ce, Ga, Co, Y), respectively. Based on O 2 -TPD studies, Au/M-TiO 2 NTs (M = Ce, Ga, Co, Y) provided new O 2 adsorption sites for the adsorption and activation of oxygen in CO oxidation. M (M = Ce, Ga, Co, Y) modifying performed the positive effect on CO oxidation activity and Au/Y-TiO 2 NTs showed the highest activity among these catalysts. Additionally, Au/Y-TiO 2 NTs also performed excellent high-temperature stability. It was likely that the strong interaction between gold and support created the small size of gold nanoparticles, large O 2 adsorption and plenty of defects, thereby enhancing the catalytic activity of Au/M-TiO 2 NTs (M = Ce, Ga, Co, Y).
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JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
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2018
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IF 6.434
Jingsong Han,Yue Li,Liming Yang,Tingting Li,Yan Luo,Lixia Yang,Shenglian Luo
The suitable doping or modification on TiO 2 holds promise for improving charge separation and extending light absorption range. Here, WO 3 modifying reduced band gap mesoporous TiO 2 (WO 3 /RM-TiO 2 ) due to WO 3 doping was successfully fabricated by immersing mesoporous TiO 2 nanoparticles in the peroxotungstic acid sol with controllable reaction time (0–1 h). The W 6+ ions were first incorporated into the TiO 2 lattice to form W O Ti bonds, resulting in the formation of WO 3 doping TiO 2 . Then, WO 3 nanoparticles gradually formed and attached on the TiO 2 surface, constructing a novel heterojunction catalyst with WO 3 serving as both dopant and light-sensitizer for TiO 2 . Photocatalytic activity of the resulting WO 3 /RM-TiO 2 depends on the immersing duration in the peroxotungstic acid. The BET analysis shows that 0.5 h-WO 3 /RM-TiO 2 has the largest pore volume of 0.491 cm 3 g −1 and the highest surface area of 82.3 m 2 g −1 , whereas these values decline with prolonged immersing duration. As expected, the optimal efficiency in removing p-nitrophenol (PNP) is achieved over 0.5 h-WO 3 /RM-TiO 2 under visible light irradiation, which is 2.33 times that of the unmodified M-TiO 2 . This should be attributed to the suitable WO 3 doping and WO 3 modification.
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PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Nanomaterials
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2018
·
IF 2.207
Ping Niu,Dunqing Wang,Aili Wang,Yuhua Liang,Xinfang Wang
Bifunctional films of Keggin-type polyoxometalates H3PW12O40 (PW12), H4SiW12O40 (SiW12), H3PMo12O40 (PMo12), and TiO2 were successfully built on Fe3O4@SiO2 microspheres using a layer-by-layer method. The characterization by field emission scan electronic microscopy (FESEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) shows that TiO2 nanoparticles and polyoxometalate (POM) anions are successfully assembled. The photodegradation of methyl orange (MO) was used to test the photocatalytic efficiency of magnetic catalysts under UV irradiation. For MO decomposition, multilayer films that combine PW12 and SiW12 with TiO2 show high efficiency, which can be attributed to the synergistic effect between POMs and TiO2. The degradation of the model contaminant was also systematically checked under different conditions such as bilayer number deposited on magnetic microspheres, catalyst concentration, inorganic oxidants, and salts. The oxidation process of MO follows an apparent first-order reaction. Furthermore, the composite catalysts deposited on Fe3O4@SiO2 magnetic microspheres can be conveniently, quickly, and efficiently separated by an external magnet from a solution.
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RSC Advances
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2018
·Vol. 8
·期 37
·20982-20989
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IF 2.936
Yinhua Lv,Bing Cai,Qingshan Ma,Zenghua Wang,Jingyue(Jimmy) Liu,Wen-Hua Zhang
Planar-structured perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have received tremendous attention due to their high power conversion efficiency (PCE), simple process and low-cost fabrication. A compact thin film of electron transport materials (ETMs) plays a key role in these PSCs. However, the traditional ETMs of PSCs, TiO2 nanoparticulate films, suffer from low conductivity and high trap state density. Herein, we exploited TiO2 nanospindles as a compact ETM in planar PSCs for the first time, and achieved an efficient device with a PCE of 19.1%. By optimization with Nb doping into the TiO2 nanospindles, the PCE of the PSC was further improved up to 20.8%. The carrier transfer and collection efficiency were significantly improved after Nb5+ doping, revealed by Mott–Schottky (MS) analysis, space charge limited current (SCLC), photoluminence (PL), time-resolved photoluminence (TRPL) spectra, electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS) and so forth. Moreover, the hysteresis behavior was effectively inhibited and the stability was significantly enhanced. This work may provide a new avenue towards the rational design of efficient ETMs for perovskite solar cells.
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高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2018
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IF 6.735
Yinyan Gong,Yujie Wu,Yan Xu,Lei Li,Can Li,Xinjuan Liu,Lengyuan Niu
Due to their high persistence and ecotoxicity, developing a green and efficient approach to remove antibiotic residuals from aquatic environments becomes a challenging task. Efficient, visible light-active and reusable semiconductor photocatalyst is a promising solution to address this issue. In this work, Z-scheme CdTe/TiO 2 heterostructure photocatalysts were prepared by a hydrothermal method and the photocatalytic performance of as-prepared samples was evaluated by degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride (TC-H) under visible-light irradiation. The optimal performance was achieved for CdTe/TiO 2 heterostructure photocatalyst grown at 120 °C, which can decompose 78% TC-H after 30 min irradiation. The improved photocatalytic performance can be ascribed to synergistic effects including excellent visible-light absorption, efficient charge separation and relatively high redox potentials of electrons and holes associated with Z-scheme charge transfer mechanism. The possible degradation byproducts and stability of CdTe/TiO 2 heterostructures for TC-H degradation are also elucidated. This Z-scheme CdTe/TiO 2 photocatalysts may present a new strategy for degradation of antibiotics, providing an invaluable methodology for alleviation of aquatic environment pollution.
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高影响因子
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
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2018
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IF 4.439
Yayuan Li,Shubo Cao,Ang Zhang,Chen Zhang,Ting Qu,Yongbin Zhao,Aihua Chen
It is of great importance to extend the UV response of anatase TiO 2 into the visible light range for the practical applications. Here, a facile rout to carbon and nitrogen co-doped, Au loaded bowl-like TiO 2 nanostructures with tunable size are proposed by using self-assembled polystyrene- block -poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PS- b -P4VP) block copolymer (BCP) spherical micelles as templates. Amphiphilic PS- b -P4VP self-assembles to form PS@P4VP core–shell spherical micelles with P4VP as the out layer in an evaporable mixed solvents of ethanol/tetrahydrofuran (THF). The size of uniform PS@P4VP spherical micelles can be precisely tuned in the range of a few nm to several hundred nm by controlling the molecular composition of the BCPs. Bowl-like TiO 2 nanostructures with a replicate size loaded with highly dispersed Au nanoparticles (NPs) of ∼5 nm in diameter are fabricated from these spherical micelles because of strong complex ability of pyridine groups. PS- b -P4VP provides carbon and nitrogen sources to dope the resulting samples simultaneously. The special carbon and nitrogen co-doped bowl-like Au/TiO 2 nanostructures exhibit much higher photocatalytic activity in the photodegradation of rhodamine B (RhB) compared to Au/P25 under visible light irradiation. Furthermore, the photocatalytic activity is significantly influenced by the BCP molecular composition due to different surface area and loading capacity of the resulting samples. This study provides a facile way to synthesize multi-element doped hollow or bowl-like nanoparticles with tunable size in the nanometer range which have potential application at photocatalysis, oxygen reduction reaction, etc.
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Catalysis Science & Technology
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2018
·Vol. 9
·期 1
·75-85
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IF 5.365
Ruyi Zhong,Zisheng Zhang,Shuqi Luo,Z. Conrad Zhang,Limin Huang,Meng Gu
Knowledge of the interfacial structure of nanocomposite materials is a prerequisite for rational design of nanostructured photocatalysts. Herein, TiO2 and g-C3N4 2D/2D nanocomposites were fabricated from three distinct synthetic protocols (i.e., co-calcination, solvothermal treatment and charge-induced aggregation), showing different degrees of enhancement (1.4–6.1 fold) in the visible-light induced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction compared to the simple physical mixture. We propose that the interfacial Ti–O–N covalent bonding promotes the charge carrier transfer and separation more effectively than the electrostatic interaction, thus accelerating the photocatalytic H2 production. Meanwhile, the exposed surface area of TiO2 in the composite needs to be enlarged for deposition of the co-catalyst. This research sheds light on the rational design of hybrid nanocomposites based on earth-abundant elements for photocatalysis.
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Energy Technology
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2018
·Vol. 7
·期 8
·1800829
·
IF 3.175
Bin Xiao,Peng-bo Wang,Zhen-jiang He,Zhuo Yang,Lin-bo Tang,Chang-sheng An,Jun-chao Zheng
0.5Li 2 MnO 3 ·0.5LiNi 0.5 Mn 0.3 Co 0.2 O 2 cathode materials with nano-MgO and nano-TiO 2 coating layers are synthesized via a facile approach. These nanocoating layers with a thickness of ≈20 nm are homogeneously coated on the surface of the materials. With the nano-MgO and nano-TiO 2 coating layers, the modified materials deliver excellent electrochemical performance. Nano-MgO-coated and nano-TiO 2 -coated Li-rich materials exhibit 147.56 and 137.96 mAh g −1 after 100 cycles at 1C rate and deliver 156.13 and 130.69 mAh g −1 at 2C rate, respectively, in the voltage range of 2.0–4.8 V. The materials with nano-MgO and nano-TiO 2 coating layers also show a high discharge voltage retention of more than 90% after 50 cycles, low impedance for Li + migration, and high diffusion coefficients of the lithium ions. Nano-MgO and nano-TiO 2 coating layers help decrease the content of Li 2 CO 3 on the surface of the materials and suppress side reactions. Thus, these materials play a significant role in strengthening the electrochemical performance of Li-rich cathode materials.
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