JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
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2018
·
IF 6.434
Jingsong Han,Yue Li,Liming Yang,Tingting Li,Yan Luo,Lixia Yang,Shenglian Luo
The suitable doping or modification on TiO 2 holds promise for improving charge separation and extending light absorption range. Here, WO 3 modifying reduced band gap mesoporous TiO 2 (WO 3 /RM-TiO 2 ) due to WO 3 doping was successfully fabricated by immersing mesoporous TiO 2 nanoparticles in the peroxotungstic acid sol with controllable reaction time (0–1 h). The W 6+ ions were first incorporated into the TiO 2 lattice to form W O Ti bonds, resulting in the formation of WO 3 doping TiO 2 . Then, WO 3 nanoparticles gradually formed and attached on the TiO 2 surface, constructing a novel heterojunction catalyst with WO 3 serving as both dopant and light-sensitizer for TiO 2 . Photocatalytic activity of the resulting WO 3 /RM-TiO 2 depends on the immersing duration in the peroxotungstic acid. The BET analysis shows that 0.5 h-WO 3 /RM-TiO 2 has the largest pore volume of 0.491 cm 3 g −1 and the highest surface area of 82.3 m 2 g −1 , whereas these values decline with prolonged immersing duration. As expected, the optimal efficiency in removing p-nitrophenol (PNP) is achieved over 0.5 h-WO 3 /RM-TiO 2 under visible light irradiation, which is 2.33 times that of the unmodified M-TiO 2 . This should be attributed to the suitable WO 3 doping and WO 3 modification.
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高影响因子
Royal Society Open Science
·
2018
·Vol. 5
·期 11
·
IF 2.504
Chao Chen,Lei Cai,Xinchen Shangguan,Liang Li,Yanping Hong,Guoqiang Wu
Developing high-efficiency hetero-catalysts for transesterification reaction is of great importance in the production of biodiesel from Jatropha curcas L. seed oil (JO). Here, we synthesized a series of sulfated TiO2 by treating with varying H2SO4 concentration (SO42−/TiO2) and TiO2 catalysts and applied to the transesterification of JO. Furthermore, these heterostructures were characterized by many characterization methods including XRD, FT-IR, N2-adsorption, SEM, TEM, TG, py-IR and NH3-TPD, and their catalytic performance was investigated under various operating conditions. The results reveal that both the Brønsted and Lewis acid sites are presented in the SO42−/TiO2 catalysts, while only Lewis-type sites are observed in the TiO2 catalyst. And the acid intensity, surface area and mesoporous volume of catalysts are improved obviously after treating TiO2 with sulfuric acid. Then the SO42−/TiO2 catalysts exhibit much higher catalytic activity than TiO2 catalyst, which is attributed to the larger surface area and mesoporous volume and stronger acidity. Furthermore, the reusability behaviour of 1.5 SO42−/TiO2 catalyst in the transesterification of JO was also studied.
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Nanomaterials
·
2018
·Vol. 8
·期 5
·294
·
IF 3.504
Peisan Wang,Chunxia Qi,Pengchao Wen,Luyuan Hao,Xin Xu,Simeon Agathopoulos
Τhe photocatalytic activity in the range of visible light wavelengths and the thermal stability of the structure were significantly enhanced in Si, N co-doped nano-sized TiO2, and synthesized through high-energy mechanical milling of TiO2and SiO2powders, which was followed by calcination at 600 °C in an ammonia atmosphere. High-energy mechanical milling had a pronounced effect on the mixing and the reaction between the starting powders and greatly favored the transformation of the resultant powder mixture into an amorphous phase that contained a large number of evenly-dispersed nanocrystalline TiO2particles as anatase seeds. The experimental results suggest that the elements were homogeneously dispersed at an atomic level in this amorphous phase. After calcination, most of the amorphous phase was crystallized, which resulted in a unique nano-sized crystalline-core/disordered-shell morphology. This novel experimental process is simple, template-free, and provides features of high reproducibility in large-scale industrial production.Keywords:Si, N co-doped anatase;high-energy mechanical milling;mechanochemical method;photocatalytic activity
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Catalysis Science & Technology
·
2018
·Vol. 9
·期 1
·75-85
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IF 5.365
Ruyi Zhong,Zisheng Zhang,Shuqi Luo,Z. Conrad Zhang,Limin Huang,Meng Gu
Knowledge of the interfacial structure of nanocomposite materials is a prerequisite for rational design of nanostructured photocatalysts. Herein, TiO2 and g-C3N4 2D/2D nanocomposites were fabricated from three distinct synthetic protocols (i.e., co-calcination, solvothermal treatment and charge-induced aggregation), showing different degrees of enhancement (1.4–6.1 fold) in the visible-light induced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction compared to the simple physical mixture. We propose that the interfacial Ti–O–N covalent bonding promotes the charge carrier transfer and separation more effectively than the electrostatic interaction, thus accelerating the photocatalytic H2 production. Meanwhile, the exposed surface area of TiO2 in the composite needs to be enlarged for deposition of the co-catalyst. This research sheds light on the rational design of hybrid nanocomposites based on earth-abundant elements for photocatalysis.
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Journal of Materials Chemistry A
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2018
·Vol. 6
·期 31
·15348-15358
·
IF 9.931
Ziqiu Ren,Jinde Wu,Na Wang,Xin Li
Current perovskite solar cells (PSCs) often use high-purity single-crystal metal oxides prepared by complex growth processes as electron transport layers (ETLs). In particular, TiO2, as an ETL, can deteriorate the stability of PSCs under illumination. Here, we report a passivation strategy using Er-doped TiO2 synthesized with a one-step hydrothermal method as an ETL. Notably, the oxygen-induced defects in TiO2 have decreased to an acceptable level for PSCs due to the introduction of Er3+ ions. More interestingly, we find that a phase junction can be formed in the mixed crystalline rutile/anatase phase of TiO2, and this TiO2 phase junction can achieve efficient charge separation and accelerate internal electron transfer of the ETL. Taking advantage of these facts, we obtain TiO2-based PSCs through a two-step sequential deposition method in ambient air, whose best efficiency increases by 45.8%. Moreover, the Er-doped device exhibits remarkable ultraviolet resistance ability, whose efficiency is maintained over 90% even after 500 hour ultraviolet irradiation. We believe that this demonstrated strategy provides an effective way for preparing efficient and ultraviolet resistant PSCs in air.
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SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
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2018
·
IF 5.018
Tao Zeng,Xiaoli Su,Shile Feng,Yi Xie,Yunxia Chen,Zongyang Shen,Wei Shi
The electron-transport layer (ETL) between the PbS colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) active layer and the FTO substrate plays a crucial role in the associated heterojunction photovoltaics . However, the presence of surface defects in the ETL limits the performance of the photovoltaics. Herein, we report the improved carrier extraction at the TiO 2 /PbS interface of planar PbS CQDs photovoltaics, which can be easily accomplished through pre-implanting thermally stable hydroxyl radicals on the surface of TiO 2 nanoparticles (NPs) for constructing ETL. The pre-implantations on the surface of TiO 2 NPs realized using HNO 3 aqueous solution treatment under the hydrothermal condition surprisingly wouldn’t be completely removed after the annealing procedure necessary for preparing the conventional ETL, and effectively eliminate the interband trap sites of the TiO 2 NPs by passivating intrinsic oxygen-deficient defects for achieving well-matched electron affinity and work function. As expected, the interfacial bimolecular recombination events are obviously suppressed thanks to the well-acceptable trap densities existing in TiO 2 ETL as well as favorable interfacial band alignment for carrier extraction. Consequently, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) is pushed up to 9.31%, much better than the control competitors. Undoubtedly, this work provides another opportunity for optimizing performance of the relevant PbS CQDs photovoltaics resorting to interface engineering guideline.
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Catalysts
·
2018
·Vol. 8
·期 12
·628
·
IF 3.465
Lei Wang,Changbo Zhang,Rong Cheng,Jafar Ali,Zhenbo Wang,Gilles Mailhot,Gang Pan
Cyanobacterial blooms can cause serious damage to aquatic ecosystems. However, we have demonstrated that typical algae-blooming speciesMicrocystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa)combined with photocatalysts could synergistically facilitate the photodecontamination of tetracycline hydrochloride (TC) and Cr(VI). In this study, for the first time, harmful algae were successfully converted into photoreactive bionano hybrid materials by immobilizingM. aeruginosacells onto polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-TiO2/Ag hybrid nanofibers, and their photocatalytic activity was evaluated. The addition ofM. aeruginosasignificantly improved the photodecontamination, and the reaction rate constant (k) values of TC and Cr(VI) degradation byM. aeruginosa-PAN/TiO2/Ag nanofiber mats were 2.4 and 1.5-fold higher than that of bare PAN/TiO2/Ag nanofiber. Photoreaction caused damage to algae cells, but no microcystin was found that had been photodegraded simultaneously. The effects of various active species were also investigated, and the photodegradation mechanism was proposed. Recycling tests revealed that this flexibleM. aeruginosa-PAN/TiO2/Ag hybrid mat had potential application in the removal of mixed organic and inorganic pollutants with high efficiency and without secondary pollutants. Thus, harmful algae blooms could serve as an efficient materials to remove toxic pollutants in a sustainable way under visible light irradiation.Keywords:Microcystis aeruginosa;PAN nanofiber;TiO2photocatalytic;Ag nanoparticles;tetracycline;Cr(VI)
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Energy Technology
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2018
·Vol. 7
·期 8
·1800829
·
IF 3.175
Bin Xiao,Peng-bo Wang,Zhen-jiang He,Zhuo Yang,Lin-bo Tang,Chang-sheng An,Jun-chao Zheng
0.5Li 2 MnO 3 ·0.5LiNi 0.5 Mn 0.3 Co 0.2 O 2 cathode materials with nano-MgO and nano-TiO 2 coating layers are synthesized via a facile approach. These nanocoating layers with a thickness of ≈20 nm are homogeneously coated on the surface of the materials. With the nano-MgO and nano-TiO 2 coating layers, the modified materials deliver excellent electrochemical performance. Nano-MgO-coated and nano-TiO 2 -coated Li-rich materials exhibit 147.56 and 137.96 mAh g −1 after 100 cycles at 1C rate and deliver 156.13 and 130.69 mAh g −1 at 2C rate, respectively, in the voltage range of 2.0–4.8 V. The materials with nano-MgO and nano-TiO 2 coating layers also show a high discharge voltage retention of more than 90% after 50 cycles, low impedance for Li + migration, and high diffusion coefficients of the lithium ions. Nano-MgO and nano-TiO 2 coating layers help decrease the content of Li 2 CO 3 on the surface of the materials and suppress side reactions. Thus, these materials play a significant role in strengthening the electrochemical performance of Li-rich cathode materials.
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Nanoscale Research Letters
·
2018
·Vol. 13
·期 1
·1-8
·
IF 3.125
Zhang Zhenlong,Li Danna,Shi Wenjia,Liu Yanyan,Zhang Yan,Liu Yuefeng,Gao Huiping,Mao Yanli
A new up-conversion nanomaterial of Ho 3+ -Yb 3+ -Mg 2+ tri-doped TiO 2 (UC-Mg-TiO 2 ) was designed and synthesized with a sol-gel method. The UC-Mg-TiO 2 presented enhanced up-conversion fluorescence by an addition of Mg 2+ . The UC-Mg-TiO 2 was utilized to fabricate perovskite solar cells by forming a thin layer on the electron transfer layer. The results display that the power conversion efficiency of the solar cells based on the electron transfer layer with UC-Mg-TiO 2 is improved to 16.3 from 15.2% for those without UC-Mg-TiO 2 . It is demonstrated that the synthesized UC-Mg-TiO 2 can convert the near-infrared light to visible light that perovskite film can absorb to improve the power conversion efficiency of the devices.
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APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2018
·
IF 4.439
Yayuan Li,Shubo Cao,Ang Zhang,Chen Zhang,Ting Qu,Yongbin Zhao,Aihua Chen
It is of great importance to extend the UV response of anatase TiO 2 into the visible light range for the practical applications. Here, a facile rout to carbon and nitrogen co-doped, Au loaded bowl-like TiO 2 nanostructures with tunable size are proposed by using self-assembled polystyrene- block -poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PS- b -P4VP) block copolymer (BCP) spherical micelles as templates. Amphiphilic PS- b -P4VP self-assembles to form PS@P4VP core–shell spherical micelles with P4VP as the out layer in an evaporable mixed solvents of ethanol/tetrahydrofuran (THF). The size of uniform PS@P4VP spherical micelles can be precisely tuned in the range of a few nm to several hundred nm by controlling the molecular composition of the BCPs. Bowl-like TiO 2 nanostructures with a replicate size loaded with highly dispersed Au nanoparticles (NPs) of ∼5 nm in diameter are fabricated from these spherical micelles because of strong complex ability of pyridine groups. PS- b -P4VP provides carbon and nitrogen sources to dope the resulting samples simultaneously. The special carbon and nitrogen co-doped bowl-like Au/TiO 2 nanostructures exhibit much higher photocatalytic activity in the photodegradation of rhodamine B (RhB) compared to Au/P25 under visible light irradiation. Furthermore, the photocatalytic activity is significantly influenced by the BCP molecular composition due to different surface area and loading capacity of the resulting samples. This study provides a facile way to synthesize multi-element doped hollow or bowl-like nanoparticles with tunable size in the nanometer range which have potential application at photocatalysis, oxygen reduction reaction, etc.
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Journal of Materials Chemistry C
·
2012
·Vol. 1
·期 5
·1029-1036
·
IF 0
Jun Yin,Qiang Xu,Zhaogen Wang,Xueping Yao,Yong Wang
Sequential vapour infiltration operated in an atomic layer deposition (ALD) reactor was used to controllably deliver precursors of TiO2 into the cores of micellar films of the amphiphilic block copolymer, poly(styrene-block-4-vinylpyridine) (PS-b-P4VP). Vaporized precursors diffused through the PS corona and were exclusively enriched into the P4VP cores. Arrays of hexagonally arranged TiO2 nanoparticles were produced by burning off the polymeric components after UV-crosslinking the TiO2-incorporated micellar films. The size of the TiO2 particles was tunable simply by repeating the cycle numbers, and the interparticle distances were dictated by the distances between neighboring micelles of the original micellar films and could be changed by using block copolymers with different molecular weights. Compared to the extensively used solution impregnation method, the sequential vapour infiltration strategy was distinct in terms of the simplicity accompanying the “dry” process and precise control in particle sizes. More importantly, growth of TiO2 particles inside micellar cores was not limited by the available pyridyl groups as TiO2 continued to grow on preformed TiO2 particles after the pyridyl groups were consumed. Consequently, the particle sizes could be tuned in a much broader range compared to the solution impregnation method in which the particle size was limited by the saturation of impregnated precursors bound to the pyridyl groups. Furthermore, we demonstrated the versatility of this sequential vapour infiltration strategy in producing nanostructures with different morphologies and chemical compositions.
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THIN SOLID FILMS
·
2014
·
IF 1.867
Kui Cheng,Xiaozhao Wang,Wenjian Weng,Jun Lin,Huiming Wang
Light-induced cell detachment on the substrate of TiO 2 nanodots has been proved to be a safe and attractive method for cell harvesting in tissue engineering. In order to improve the cell release efficiency, bioinert platinum with excellent charge transport loading in biocompatible graphite was prepared. 20 wt.% Pt/C powder showing excellent electrical, chemical and bioactive properties was incorporated to a TiO 2 system. We investigated the biocompatibility of Pt/C–TiO 2 composite films with different amounts of Pt/C with C/tetrabutyl titanate molar ratio varying from 0 to 0.42. The adhesion and proliferation rates of pre-osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells (mouse calvaria-derived) on the films prepared with the highest C/TiO 2 molar ratio are higher than that of the pure TiO 2 and other films, indicating a Pt/C dose-dependent effect. It is shown that the detachment efficiency of MC3T3-E1 cells depends on Pt/C amount and UV illumination time. Moreover, films prepared with C/tetrabutyl titanate molar ratio of 0.42 showed 93% cell detachment ratio within 5 min of UV illumination, while bare TiO 2 films only reached 75%, indicating an improved cell release efficiency by the incorporation of Pt/C. However, an interesting phenomenon was found that longer illumination time showed lower detachment ratios to some extent, which is contrary to our previous work. It is believed that this work presents the improved cell detachment efficiency by the incorporation of Pt/C.
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