OPTICAL MATERIALS
·
2024
·
IF 3.8
Liguo Wei,Xiaohu Xu,Lishuang Zhao,Junyun Liu,Run Wang,Xindan Zhang
To improve the photovoltaic performance of the traditional TiO 2 photoanode for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), a series of layered TiO 2 /rGO composited DSSCs photoanode was assembled by changing the morphologies of the TiO 2 and introducing reduced graphene oxide (rGO) into different areas of the photoanode films. Firstly, TiO 2 nanoflowers (TiO 2 -NFs), TiO 2 nanorods (TiO 2 -NRs) were prepared employing the hydrothermal method and used as photoanode materials to explore the synergistic effect of TiO 2 with different morphologies in layered photoanode. Then, TiO 2 -NFs/rGO composited photoanode (TNF/rGO) were fabricated to research the mechanism of rGO on improving electron transmission in the layered photoanode. The effect of adding rGO at different parts of the layered photoanode on the performance of DSSCs was also investigated. Attributing to the enhancement of light absorption and charge transfer, a champion power conversion efficiency ( η ) of 9.21 % ( J sc = 23.36 mA cm −2 , V oc = 0.74 V, FF = 0.53) was achieved with the layered TiO 2 /rGO composited photoanode containing two consecutive layers of TiO 2 -NFs/rGO and P25/rGO, which exhibited an 82.01 % increase than traditional TiO 2 (pure P25) photoanode ( η = 5.06 %, J sc = 12.09 mA cm −2 , V oc = 0.73 V, FF = 0.58). It is an effective way to design and fabrication of layered TiO 2 /rGO composited photoanode to regulate the photovoltaic performance of traditional TiO 2 photoanode for DSSCs based on the synergistic effect of its multi-layer structure, TiO 2 morphologies and introduction of rGO.
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APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL
·
2025
·
IF 4.8
Mengyao Luo,Longli Bo,Sining Huang,Haiguang Wang,Zhiyun Yang,Danjun Wang,Ying Yang,Zhe Li,Lu Wang
Adding polyethylene glycol (PEG) can lessen the shedding of coating and improve the dispersion of active particles for monolithic catalysts. In this study, a series of Cu-Mn-Ce-O x (P x )/TiO 2 (P x )/CH catalysts were prepared with different PEG molecular weights (P x , x = 200, 1000, and 2000) to explore the effect of P x addition on the structure and activity of the catalysts in microwave catalytic combustion of toluene. The research showed that P x addition (1 wt% dosage to titanium sol) to coating reduced the particle size of titanium sol and decreased the shedding rate of TiO 2 coating 0.9–0.93 %, and P x addition (3 wt% dosage to CH's water absorption) to active components further lessened the shedding rate of the catalysts 1.93–2.04 %. Under an initial toluene concentration of 1500 mg/m 3 and a gas hourly space velocity of 2260 h −1 , Cu-Mn-Ce-O x (P 1000 )/TiO 2 (P 1000 )/CH owned the highest catalytic activity and its complete removal temperature (T R100 ) and mineralization temperature (T M100 ) to toluene were 180℃ and 218℃, respectively, which were lower 33℃ and 16℃, 56℃ and 58℃ than Cu-Mn-Ce-O x /TiO 2 (P 1000 )/CH and Cu-Mn-Ce-O x /TiO 2 /CH catalysts separately, and its activity maintained steadily with toluene removal efficiencies of 99–91 % over 12 h. The improved activity is attributed to the uniform dispersion of active particles, larger specific surface area, and increased adsorbed oxygen, facilitated by pore-forming and steric-hindrance effects of P x . Electron transfer among Mn 4+ /Mn 3+ /Mn 2+ , Cu 2+ /Cu + , and Ce 4+ /Ce 3+ promoted the oxidation of toluene under microwave irradiation. Therefore, the research provides technological support for developing transition metals-based catalysts for industrial VOC waste gas treatment.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2024
·
IF 7.7
Yinchun Hu,Zhenyang Bao,Zhaoshuang Li,Renzhong Wei,Guoen Yang,Yan Qing,Xingong Li,Yiqiang Wu
Soy protein adhesives (SPI) exhibit broad prospects in substituting aldehyde-based resin due to the economic and environmental-friendly characteristics, but still face a challenge because of the dissatisfied bonding strength and terrible water resistance. Herein, prompted by organic-inorganic hierarchy, a multifunctional and novel soy protein adhesive (SPI-RAE-TiO 2 ) consisting of rosin acid emulsion (RAE) and TiO 2 nanoparticles (TiO 2 ) were proposed. In comparison with original SPI, the dry and wet shear strengths of modified adhesive reached 2.01 and 1.21 MPa, respectively, which were increased by 130 % and 200 %. Furthermore, SPI-6RAE-0.5TiO 2 was selected as the best proportion via the method of response surface methodology (RSM). What's more, SPI-6RAE-0.5TiO 2 adhesive demonstrated prominent coating performance in both dry and wet surface conditions. Meanwhile, SPI-6RAE-0.5TiO 2 adhesive possessed excellent mildew resistance and antibacterial ability with Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) and Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ), reflecting the antibacterial rates 97.71 % and 98.16 %, respectively. In addition, SPI-6RAE-0.5TiO 2 adhesive also exhibited the outstanding green features such as the reduction of formaldehyde pollution and greenhouse effect through Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). Thus, this work provided a novel and functional approach to design multifunctional, superior-property and low-carbon footprint soy protein adhesive.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 8.1
Mengjiao Jiao,Guishang Pei,Lilian Yang,Zhuoyang Li,Qiyuan Mi,Xuewei Lv
In the sodium-assisted smelting process of vanadium-titanium-magnetite (VTM), titanium oxide is hydrothermally separated by sulfuric acid solution leaching. Therefore, it is essential to study the dissolution behavior and mechanism of sodium titanates in sulfuric acid solution. High-purity Na 8 Ti 5 O 14 , Na 2 Ti 3 O 7 , and Na 2 Ti 6 O 13 samples were synthesized via solid-phase chemical reaction, and their solubilities of sodium titanates in 100 mL of 98 wt% sulfuric acid solution were determined. Na 8 Ti 5 O 14 , Na 2 Ti 3 O 7 , and Na 2 Ti 6 O 13 crystallize in the triclinic (space Group P -1), monoclinic (space Group P 2 1 / m ), and monoclinic (space Group C 2/ m ) system, respectively. The dissolution rate of sodium titanates in 98 wt% sulfuric acid solution increased significantly with rising reaction temperature. Among the sodium titanates studied, Na 8 Ti 5 O 14 showed the highest dissolution rate, followed by Na 2 Ti 3 O 7 and Na 2 Ti 6 O 13 . Kinetic analysis indicated that the dissolution behavior of sodium titanates in sulfuric acid was all governed by chemical reactions. The apparent activation energies of the dissolution reactions of Na 8 Ti 5 O 14 , Na 2 Ti 3 O 7 , and Na 2 Ti 6 O 13 with sulfuric acid were derived to be 49.48 kJ/mol, 53 kJ/mol, and 67.41 kJ/mol, respectively. The solubilities of Na 8 Ti 5 O 14 , Na 2 Ti 3 O 7 , and Na 2 Ti 6 O 13 in 100 mL of 98 wt% concentrated sulfuric acid at 20 ℃ were determined to be 18.6077 g, 7.3297 g, and 3.9948 g, respectively. Additionally, the dissolution rates and solubilities of sodium titanates and other impurities, such as aluminate and silicate, were compared, demonstrating the effectiveness of separation in sulfuric acid solution following the sodium-assisted smelting process of VTM. In this study, it is suggested that the separation of titanium oxide from other impurities during the sulfuric acid leaching of titanium-containing slag can be accomplished based on the varying solubilities of the phases.
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ACS Catalysis
·
2025
·
IF 13.1
Zilin Wang,Dongbo Shu,Haijie Chen,Chuanmin Ding,Junwen Wang,Yan Lv,Qingqing Gu,Aiqin Wang,Bing Yang
The regulation of selectivity in CO2 hydrogenation is of great importance and has been intensively studied for the utilization of CO2. The particle size and metal–support interaction are proven to be key factors influencing the selectivity of CO2 hydrogenation. However, the dynamic structure evolution during real reaction conditions and their impact on the selectivity are still poorly understood. Here in this work, we reported the crystal-phase-mediated dynamic restructuring of the Rh/TiO2 catalyst during reaction that strongly modulates the mutual interaction of dynamic size stability and strong metal–support interaction (SMSI) encapsulation of the Rh catalyst and thus the selectivity of CO2 hydrogenation toward CO/CH4. By utilizing state-of-the-art characterizations, the interplay between dynamic size distribution and SMSI of the Rh catalyst on TiO2 was clearly elucidated. The selectivity of CO2 hydrogenation was prone to the particle size in the low reaction temperature range (225–275 °C) while highly depending on SMSI at high reaction temperatures (350–400 °C). Remarkably, anatase TiO2 promotes small Rh particles and strong SMSI at the low-temperature range, rutile TiO2 facilitates large particles but high-temperature SMSI encapsulation, while the P25 phase favors large Rh particles without encapsulation. The in situ DRIFTS experiments further reveal that all Rh/TiO2 catalysts follow the hydrogenation path via *HCOO as an intermediate, where the large Rh particle size facilitates deep hydrogenation of *HCOO to CH4, whereas the TiOx encapsulation favors the *HCOO decomposition to CO due to the suppressed H2 activation. Our results provide dynamic insight for the restructuring of the active sites in the Rh/TiO2 catalyst that tunes the selectivity of CO2 hydrogenation and opens up a route for the rational design of supported metal catalysts based on their dynamic structures.
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NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
·
2024
·
IF 2.7
Zhongming Hao,Xinghong Duo
Enhancing photocatalytic performance relies on efficient and stable solar energy utilization, broadening visible light absorption, and optimizing interfacial charge transfer mechanisms. We successfully synthesized lead-cerium co-doped TiO2 enriched with oxygen vacancies (Tiδ+-Ov(-Ceδ+)-Pb2+) using sol-gel and direct addition methods. Results show that Pb2+ ions are uniformly distributed within the oxygen vacancy-rich TiO2 lattice, synergizing with surface-embedded Ce2+/Ce3+ ions to extend the visible light absorption range of TiO2. This led to a 32.3% increase in light absorption and an approximate 90% improvement in photoelectric conversion efficiency. The maximum photocurrent density reached 3.1 μA/cm², with a reduction of 0.15 eV in the initial oxidation potential and a 30% decrease in bandgap width. Under simulated sunlight (AM1.5G), the hydrogen production rate of Tiδ+-Ov(-Ceδ+)-Pb2+ was 11.516 μmol/h/g, double the combined output of TiO2-Ce and TiO2-Pb. Mechanistic analysis reveals that the superior performance stems from the interfacial sites in Tiδ+-Ov(-Ceδ+)-Pb2+, where the low-valent Pb2+ and variable-valent Ce3+/Ce4+ ions act as charge traps that promote efficient charge separation. Furthermore, surface-embedded Ce generates an uneven surface potential, facilitating the adsorption of formaldehyde molecules from the solution onto the modified TiO2 surface and improving carrier dynamics. These findings provide new strategies for designing and optimizing high-efficiency photocatalytic materials.
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Polymer Chemistry
·
2017
·Vol. 8
·期 24
·3679-3688
·
IF 5.375
Donghao Wang,Shutong Guo,Qiang Zhang,Paul Wilson,David M. Haddleton
In this study, we report on the synthesis of thermoresponsive polymers with different microstructures, a precisely tunable lower critical solution temperature (LCST) and terminal catechol anchors by copper(0) mediated living radical polymerization (Cu(0)-LRP). All the Cu(0)-LRP polymerizations were performed directly from the unprotected dopamine-functionalized initiators at ambient temperature or below in aqueous solution with full or close to full conversion obtained in minutes. The resulting polymers exhibited a designed molecular weight (MW), narrow MW distribution and high end-group fidelity capable of in situ block copolymerization. We demonstrate their application toward the surface modification of titanium dioxide nanoparticles by the successful preparation of smart nanocomposites with a self-flocculation effect. A “one-pot” strategy was then developed for the simultaneous polymerization and surface modification to simplify the multi-step purification and immobilization processes. The subsequent degradation of Rhodamine B under the irradiation of simulated solar light proved the potential application of hybrid nanocomposites in water treatment and a switching effect of photocatalytic ability below or above the LCST was also observed.
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SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2017
·
IF 4.9
Jing Lu,Shengyan Tian,Xiaohui Lv,Zuohong Chen,Baiyang Chen,Xiaoshan Zhu,Zhonghua Cai
The impact of manufactured nanoparticles on the toxicity of co-existing pollutants in aquatic environments has raised increasing concerns. However, the toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons or metal ions in the presence of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nTiO 2 ) to marine zooplankton has been rarely reported. In the present study, the impacts of nTiO 2 on the toxicity of phenanthrene (Phe) and cadium (Cd 2 + ) to Artemia salina , a model marine zooplankton, were investigated. Although nTiO 2 alone exerted a limited toxicity to A. salina within 48 h of exposure, nTiO 2 strongly altered the toxicity of Phe and Cd 2 + to A. salina . Compared with the individual toxicities of pollutants to A. salina , the toxicities of Phe and Cd 2 + increased by 2.0% and 12.2%, respectively, in the presence of 5 mg/L nTiO 2, but decreased by 24.5% and 57.1%, respectively, in the presence of 400 mg/L nTiO 2 . These concentration-dependent impacts of nTiO 2 on the toxicity of Phe or Cd 2 + might be attributed to the concurrent functions of several interrelated factors including the adsorption of pollutants on nTiO 2 , the nTiO 2 -faciliated bioaccumulation of pollutants, the limited gut volume in organisms, and the aggregation and sedimentation behaviors of nTiO 2 . These results presented in the study could help understand the effects of manufactured nanomaterials in marine environments.
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Environmental Science-Nano
·
2024
·
IF 5.8
Xinyu Liu,Chenchen Li,Jian Nan,Ruike Liang,Huabin Wang,Rui Xu,Yong Zhang
A combination of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with TiO2 can improve the performance of TiO2 in the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants. The selection of organic ligands for MOF preparation is a key factor for designing MOF–TiO2 composites with excellent photocatalytic properties. However, the photocatalytic performance of such composites has rarely been examined. In this study, a series of TiO2 nanoflowers (NFs) modified with In-based MOFs were prepared via a hydrothermal method using 1,1,2,2-tetra(4-carboxylbiphenyl)ethylene (TCBPE) as the organic ligand. The fabricated TiO2@In–TCBPE (TIT) heterojunctions exhibited enhanced light absorption, charge separation, and electron transfer characteristics owing to the transport of ·O2− free radicals through the charge transfer pathway between heterostructures. Rhodamine B (RhB) was chosen as a typical representative of organic pollutants under simulated sunlight and is used to evaluate the photocatalytic performance of TIT composites. The optimized TIT composite exhibited a strong photocatalytic effect, and the complete degradation of RhB was achieved in 13 min. In addition, the prepared TIT composite demonstrated excellent photocatalytic activity during the degradation of organic pollutants in different aqueous environments (tap water, lake water, and river water). This study provides a reference for the selection of ligands for the subsequent construction of high-performance MOF photocatalysts.
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NANOTECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 2.9
Mewin Vincent,Venkata Sai Avvaru,Maciej Haranczyk,Vinodkumar Etacheri
Although Mg-Li dual metal-ion batteries are proposed as a superior system that unite safety of Mg-batteries and performance of Li-ion based systems, its practical implantation is limited due to the lack of reliable high performance cathodes. Herein, we report a high-performance Mg-Li dual metal-ion battery system based on highly pseudocapacitive hierarchical TiO2-B nanosheet assembled spheres (NS) cathode. This 2D cathode displayed exceptional pseudocapacitance (a maximum of 93%) specific capacity (303 mAh/g at 25 mA/g), rate performance (210 mAh/g at 1A/g), consistent cycling (retain ~100% capacity for 3000 cycles at 1A/g), coulombic efficiency (nearly 100%) and fast-charging (~12.1 min). These properties are remarkably dominant to the existing Mg-Li dual metal-ion battery cathodes. Spectroscopic and microscopic mechanistic studies confirmed negligible structural changes during charge-discharge cycles of the TiO2-B nanosheet assembled spheres electrodes. Exceptional electrochemical properties of the 2D electrode is ascribed to remarkable pseudocapacitive Mg-Li dual metal-ion diffusion via the numerous nanointerfaces of TiO2-B caused by its hierarchical microstrucrure. Large surface area, nanosheet morphology, mesoporous structure and ultrathin nature also acted as secondary factors facilitating improved electrode-electrolyte contact. Demonstrated approach of pseudocapacitive type Mg-Li dual metal-ion intercalation through hierarchical nanointerfaces may be further utilized for the designing of numerous top-notch electrode materials for futuristic Mg-Li dual metal-ion batteries
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
·
2024
·
IF 8.1
Shuai Liu,Yang Meng,Chunlin Luo,Huiwen Zhu,Yunshen Song,Honglei Zhang,Tao Wu
The emergence of global warming issues has triggered the interest in producing carbon-neutral energy sources and fossil-based chemicals from affordable and renewable feedstocks (e.g., bio-ethanol). Herein, the synthesis of highly dispersed CuS/TiO 2 photothermal catalysts is reported for simultaneously converting ethanol into hydrogen and acetaldehyde under simulated sunlight. The catalyst achieved a hydrogen evolution rate of 51.61 mmol g −1 h −1 and an acetaldehyde production rate of 48.63 mmol g −1 h −1 , with a maximal acetaldehyde selectivity of 97% among carbon-containing products. Compared to pristine TiO 2 , the introduction of plasmonic CuS largely extended the light adsorption range and enhanced the photothermal performance, whilst the formation of heterojunction structure improved the charge transfer and separation efficiency. The density functional theory calculation results demonstrate that CuS/TiO 2 composite interfaces could significantly lower the activation energy of ethanol dehydrogenation reaction and improve hydrogen evolution reaction ability. This study provides deep insight into understanding and optimizing hot carrier dynamics in photothermal catalytic systems.
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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 9.4
Yujiao Zhang,Yan Wang,Zhao Hu,Jinshu Huang,Song Yang,Hu Li
Exploring the real force that drives the separation of Coulomb-bound electron-hole pairs in the interface of heterojunction photocatalysts can establish a clear mechanism for efficient solar energy conversion efficiency. Herein, the formation of oxygen vacancy (Ov) and isolated Ti 3+ was precisely regulated at the interface of g-C 3 N 4 /TiO 2 Z-scheme heterojunction (g-C 3 N 4 /Ov-Ti 3+ -TiO 2 ) by optimizing the opening degree of the calcination system, showing excellent production rate of CO and CH 4 from CO 2 photoreduction under visible light. This photocatalytic system also exhibited prominent stability. Combining theoretical calculation and characterization, the introduction of Ov and isolated Ti 3+ on the interface could construct a charge transfer channel to break the forbidden transition of n → π*, improving the separation process of photoexcited electron-hole pairs. The photoexcited electrons weakened the covalent interaction of C O bonds to promote the activation of adsorbed inert CO 2 molecules, significantly reducing the energy barrier of the rate-limiting step during CO 2 reduction. This work demonstrates the great application potential of reasonably regulating heterojunction interface for efficient photocatalytic CO 2 reduction.
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