COMBUSTION AND FLAME
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2025
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IF 6.2
Guibiao He,Jian Li,Zichun Yu,Saichao Song,Jie Zhong,Yaning Li,Boliang Wang
The detonation characteristics of vapor-liquid two-phase fuel/air aerosol are an essential subject in fuel utilization and vapor explosion prevention. In this study, the effects of isopropyl nitrate (iPN) addition on the detonation initiation characteristics of vapor-liquid two-phase n-heptane (HP)/air aerosol were investigated in a detonation tube. The aerosol was generated by injecting liquid HP/iPN mixture into the test section through 12 sets of dispersion systems. Hydrogen-oxygen pre-detonation served as the initiation source. Chemical reaction kinetics simulation was performed to elucidate the underlying reaction mechanism of iPN/HP mixtures. Experimental results demonstrated that the detonation wave velocity of HP/(iPN)/air aerosol ranged from 1480 to 1820 m/s and the detonation pressure varied from 2.6 to 5.2 MPa, whereas iPN/air aerosol exhibited lower velocity (1260 to 1450 m/s) and comparable detonation pressure (3.2 to 5.3 MPa). iPN addition significantly enhanced the detonation initiation sensitivity of HP/air aerosol and reduced the minimum detonable concentration. This promoting effect intensified with increasing iPN content, though excessive iPN content considerably weakened the detonation intensity. Numerical analysis revealed that iPN facilitated detonation initiation by generating reactive radicals (H, CH 3 , OH, and O) during the early stage of the ignition induction period, accelerating the establishment of a radical pool for HP reaction and thereby reducing the reaction induction period of HP. Furthermore, iPN addition introduced new consumption pathways for HP and increased the pathways converting intermediate products into the final product CO 2 . These findings provide valuable insights for fuel formulation optimization and industrial safety management.
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Materials Today Chemistry
·
2025
·
IF 6.7
Junmeng Zhai,Zongwu Zhang,Yijie Zhou,Hanbin Zhang,Jian Jiao,Xiaoyan Ma
Aerogels with lightweight, high-temperature resistance, and low thermal conductivity are emerged as a research hotspot in advanced materials. However, their commonly employ drying techniques such as supercritical CO 2 drying and freeze-drying, which significantly increase production costs. This work developed a novel strategy for rapid preparation of aerogel composites via ambient pressure drying by employing autonomous synthesis three types of vinyl-functionalized open-cage polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane(POSS) to modify bismaleimide (BMI). The incorporation of heat-resistant POSS contributes to enhanced porosity and maintained excellent thermal stability to ensure excellent thermal insulation performance and low dielectric properties. The results demonstrate that the tetravinyl open-cage POSS (OP 2 -POSS) can endow the aerogel with ultralow dielectric constant and dielectric loss of 1.29 and 3.94 × 10 −4 at 1 kHz, respectively, remarkable thermal stability with char yield exceeding 50 % at 800 °C under nitrogen, and low thermal conductivity possessing 0.021 W m −1 k −1 . This aerogel holds great promise for applications in high-frequency communication and aerospace fields.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2025
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IF 9
Xiaoming Peng,Zecheng Liu,Caihua Liu,Chuqiao Wang,Xing Xu,Peng Zhan,Yuying Hu,Xuejie Yue
The oil-water separation field presents heightened challenges due to inherent variability in wastewater compositions, demanding advanced membrane systems that maintain consistent performance across entire treatment processes while simultaneously achieving high separation efficiency and effectively addressing both soluble and insoluble contaminants. Nevertheless, the increasing demands for performance are inherently tied to complex manufacturing procedures and insufficient robustness, which impede the advancement of membrane technology. This study employs a one-step “synchronized embedding strategy” that harnesses the advantages of co-electrospinning to embed FeOCl/MoS 2 catalysts into polyethylene terephthalate (PET) membranes, successfully fabricating PET@FeOCl/MoS 2 catalytic membranes (PFM). The synergistic interplay between the low surface energy of PET and the high surface energy of FeOCl/MoS 2 creates a hierarchical biomimetic structure that emulates the structural properties of a beetle exoskeleton. The dual-scale biomimetic structure design imparts the membrane with superior demulsification efficiency and catalytic degradation performance. PFM achieves an extremely high separation efficiency (99.9 %) and an ultra-high flux (5373.0 L m −2 h −1 ) for surfactant-stabilized water-in-oil emulsions. Within just 2 min, a degradation rate of 94.2 % for rhodamine B (RhB) is achieved, which is comparable to other studies showing removal rates of up to 100 % within 30 min using different high performance catalyst systems. The developed strategy offers an innovative solution for addressing the persistent challenges in industrial water and oil-water purification through synergistic integration of structural biomimicry and catalytic functionality
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ACS Omega
·
2025
·
IF 4.3
Shoufei Lu,Meilong Fu,Yanmin Mi,Changhai Cui
To enhance the recovery factor in low-permeability reservoirs and address the challenge of nanoparticle adsorption at interfaces, a smart oil displacement Janus nanosheet was synthesized using a template method. The Janus nanosheets possess an amphiphilic structure, with one side being hydrophilic due to carboxyl groups and the other side being hydrophobic due to alkyl groups. Compared to spherical nanoparticles, the sheet-like structure of the nanosheets provides a larger specific surface area and stronger interfacial adsorption capacity. Nanofluids were prepared using a simulated formation water with a salinity of 102,495 mg/L, and their properties were evaluated. The results demonstrated that the nanofluid exhibited excellent dispersion stability at 120 °C and a salinity of 102,495 mg/L. The emulsification index at 120 °C was 53.43%, indicating superior emulsifying performance. The nanofluid reduced the oil–water interfacial tension to 0.0203 mN/m and effectively modified the oil-wet rock surface to a hydrophilic state. Oil recovery experiments were conducted on three core samples with varying permeability. For the core with a permeability of 4.64 mD, the highest recovery rate was achieved, with a total recovery factor of 71.09%. Microscopic oil displacement simulations showed the displacement of residual oil after injecting the nanofluid. These comprehensive properties demonstrate that the Janus nanosheets exhibit higher oil displacement efficiency in low-permeability reservoirs, reflecting their intelligent response to reservoir conditions and their potential for improving recovery rates. A field test was conducted in the Q Oilfield, resulting in an increase of 5579 tons of oil, with a cost–benefit ratio of 1.78, demonstrating significant economic benefits.
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JOURNAL OF THE TEXTILE INSTITUTE
·
2025
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IF 1.5
Jiahua Gu,Yi Lu,Shiyi Liu,Xiantao Zhang,Yinsong Hu,Yingjun Gao,Jian Wang,Feichao Zhu,Zhuanyong Zou,Yinjiang Zhang
Although numerous studies have been reported on the hydrophobic finishing of textile materials using polysiloxanes, research on the underlying coating finishing processes and mechanisms remains limited. Additionally, most approaches rely on nano-particles or plasma etching to increase surface roughness, often neglecting the inherent rough structure of textile materials. In this study, Box-Behnken design response surface methodology (BBD-RSM) was employed to design the experimental scheme and construct mathematical equations based on the experimental results. Then, the interaction effects of process parameters, including polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) concentration, heat treatment temperature, and time, on hydrophobicity and mechanical properties of spunlace nonwoven materials were predicted and analyzed. When either PDMS concentration or treatment temperature is fixed, the contact angle (CA) of the material initially increases and then decreases with time. The optimal CA is observed after 8 h of heat treatment. The breaking strength of the material decreases gradually with increasing temperature. However, at a certain temperature, it initially increases and then decreases with increasing PDMS concentration, reaching a maximum at about 2 wt%. The elongation at break of the material exhibits better with high PDMS concentration and low treatment temperature or time, as well as with low PDMS concentration and higher treatment temperature or duration. Furthermore, the microscopic morphology and CA of materials modified were examined with different PDMS concentrations, combining wetting theories to further explore the hydrophobic effects of fiber assemblies. The high CA of PDMS-modified fiber assemblies is mainly attributed to the combined effects of PDMS, the inherent roughness of fibers, and the fiber assemblies.
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JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
·
2018
·
IF 3.716
Xue Xiong,Meiling Qi
This work describes the separation performance of utilizing hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) as the stationary phase for capillary gas chromatography (GC). The statically coated h-BN column showed moderate polarity and achieved column efficiencies of 3455 plates/m and 3800 plates/m for naphthalene and n -dodecane, respectively. With temperature-dependent structure properties, the h-BN stationary phase exhibited stronger retention for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) over phthalic acid esters (PAEs) and showed advantageous separation performance over the g-C 3 N 4 and commercial polysiloxane stationary phases. Moreover, it displayed preferential retention for halogenated analytes and high resolution performance for structural and positional isomers. In addition, the h-BN column showed good column repeatability with relative standard deviation (RSD) values of 0.03%–0.07% for run-to-run, 0.31%–0.71% for day-to-day and 2.6%–5.3% for column-to-column, respectively, and thermal stability up to 260 °C.
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MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 5.1
Shengxin Li,Ziyan Zhang,Zhiran Zhang,Sen Zhou,Mengkai Liu,Xichao Li,Zheng Zheng,Jie Sun
The moisture, oil, protein, and nervonic acid contents are crucial criteria for assessing the nutritional value and processing quality of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge seed kernels (XSKs). Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) offers a viable alternative to conventional chemical methods for rapid and non-destructive sample analysis. This study employed a highly adaptive method known as competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS), which facilitates variable selection for different components and streamlines the feature-variable screening process. Using this method, various algorithms were applied to establish NIRS detection models for the four components of XSKs, and accuracy evaluations were conducted using the prediction set determination coefficient ( R P 2 ), root-mean-square error (RMSEP), and other parameters. The results indicated that CARS effectively extracted key information on various components in NIRS. Based on the feature variables selected by CARS, the partial least squares regression (PLSR) model exhibited optimal performance regarding moisture ( R P 2 = 0.978, RMSEP = 0.117 %) and nervonic acid content ( R P 2 = 0.988, RMSEP = 0.072 %). Meanwhile, the particle swarm optimization-enhanced support vector regression (PSO-SVR) model and back-propagation neural networks (BPNN) achieved superior performance for protein ( R P 2 = 0.989, RMSEP = 0.243 %) and oil content ( R P 2 = 0.978, RMSEP = 0.467 %), respectively. These models enable rapid and non-destructive detection of multi-component content, thereby facilitating the expeditious identification and selection of XSKs with high nutritional value and superior quality.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 4.3
Huimin Zhou,Xueqian Liu,Changqing He,Lin He,Hong Sui
Reduction of heavy oil viscosity could significantly enhance the heavy oil recovery, separate oily sludgy, improve the heavy oil transportation and storage. Herein, with careful characterization and simulation, we found that the intermolecular hydrogen bond at the edge of asphaltenes plays an important role in forming asphaltene aggregates in oil phase, which increases the oil viscosity sharply. To efficiently reduce the viscosity, we synthesized a novel nonionic material with multiple hydrogen bond sites for breaking the asphaltene aggregates. This oil-soluble viscosity reducer (VR-1) was synthesized by the reaction of oleic acid and tetraethylenepentamine, successfully introducing the N and O heteroatoms into the molecules. It is found that, after optimization, the VR-1 could reduce the Tahe heavy oil viscosity (high content of asphaltenes and resins (>41 %)) by over 80.5 % (from 16,772 mPa·s to 3268 mPa·s) at the addition of 3 wt%. The mechanistic study by experimental characterizations and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations show that VR-1 could reduce the particle size of asphaltene aggregates significantly. It is observed that hydrogen bond sites in VR-1 play the key roles in weakening and reconstructing the intermolecular non-covalent interactions between asphaltene molecules, which facilitates the dispersion of asphaltene aggregates. These reconfigurations at the surface of asphaltene molecules by VR-1 finally reduce the oil viscosity. This work provides new insights in developing new materials and strategies for changing oil viscosity in a low carbon way, especially those with high content of asphaltenes and resins.
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ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
·
2025
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IF 3.8
Ma Shaojie,Zhu Yuchen,Li Wenbo,Chen Boxin,Zhao Bin,Feng Fei
Due to the high conformal films, atomic layer deposition (ALD) alumina has been used as a uniform stationary phase or support layer of stationary phase for micro gas chromatographic column. However, the severe tailing of chromatographic peaks appears when ALD alumina is used as the stationary phase. Recently, an H-diffusion model was proposed to explain the H accumulation phenomenon of ALD alumina films. Compared with the normal-resistance silicon substrates, the ALD alumina films based on low-resistance silicon substrates have fewer H impurities, which may further improve the tailing of chromatographic peaks and the theoretical number of plates. In this paper, a micro gas chromatographic column based on the low-resistance silicon (LR-μGCC) substrate (resistivity, 0.001–0.005 Ω·cm) using alumina deposited by atomic layer deposition as the stationary phase is reported. Compared with normal-resistance silicon substrates (resistivity, 1–10 Ω·cm), the micro gas chromatographic columns (μGCC) prepared on low-resistance silicon substrates have a higher separation performance. The test results showed that the LR-μGCC increased the theoretical plate number of alkane mixtures (n-hexane, n-octane, n-nonane, and n-decane) by 20.9%, 74.8%, 139.4%, and 55.4%, respectively, and reduced the tailing factor by 13.0%, 41.8%, 48.6%, and 49.1%, respectively. Graphical
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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
·
2018
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IF 5.091
Shengyang Pan,Min Chen,Limin Wu
Raspberry-like polymer/inorganic compound hybrid colloidal spheres have attracted tremendous interest owing to their many potential applications, but most of them are concentrated on synthesis methods, controlling structures and morphologies. Herein, we synthesize raspberry-like poly(ethyl methacrylate)/SiO 2 colloidal spheres and further graft a hydrophilic diblock copolymer on the SiO 2 nanoparticles. The obtained copolymer-grafted hybrid sphere-based coatings are robust and display excellent underwater superoleophobic and anti-biofouling performances as well as self-repairing ability.
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Chemosensors
·
2025
·Vol. 13
·期 4
·126
·
IF 3.7
Sihan Liu,Shaohua Wu,Hao Zhang,Xingchu Gong
In this study, a quantitative profiling method for detecting free fatty acids in crude lanolin based on the Quality by Design (QbD) concept was developed. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) equipped with a charged aerosol detector (CAD) and a Proshell 120 EC C18 column was employed for the separation of crude lanolin components. Initially, the analytical target profile and critical method attributes were defined. Potential critical method parameters, including column temperature, flow rate, isocratic run time, gradient end organic phase ratio, and gradient time, were identified using fishbone diagrams and single-factor experiments. The definitive screening design (DSD) was then utilized to screen and optimize these parameters. Stepwise regression was applied to establish quantitative models between the critical method attributes and the method parameters. Subsequently, the method operable design region (MODR) was calculated and was successfully verified. The analytical conditions established were configured with 0.1% formic acid in water and 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile serving as the mobile phases. The flow rate was set at 0.8 mL/min, and the column temperature was maintained at 35 °C with the evaporation tube temperature also set at 35 °C. An injection volume of 10 μL was used for each analysis. The gradient elution conditions were as follows: from 0 to 30 min, 75% of solvent B was used, and from 30 to 60 min, the proportion of solvent B was increased from 75% to 79%. Ten components, including 12-hydroxystearic acid, 2-hexyldecanoic acid, and palmitic acid, were identified by mass spectrometry, and seven common peaks were found in the fingerprints. The contents of palmitic acid, oleic acid, and stearic acid in the crude lanolin were quantitatively determined. Both the fingerprint and quantitative analysis methods were validated. The method was applied to analyze 15 batches of crude lanolin from different sources. The new established quantitative profiling method for free fatty acids can be potentially used for industrial applications to enhance the quality control of crude lanolin.
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Molecular Catalysis
·
2025
·
IF 4.9
Huanyu Zeng,Cheng Xu,Xiaoping Wang,Jianhua Song,Dianzi Zhang,Benbin Li,Hongqin Hu,Dianhua Liu,Baowei Yu
The development of efficient and stable solid acid catalysts for the Beckmann Rearrangement is critical to advancing sustainable chemical synthesis. However, challenges persist in balancing active site density, structural stability, and mass transfer efficiency. To address these limitations, nanosphere sulfonic acid resins were synthesized through soap-free emulsion polymerization and evaluated in the liquid-phase Beckmann Rearrangement, achieving exceptional performance with 86.96 % conversion and 96.12 % selectivity. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations revealed distinct catalytic performance of terminal sulfonate groups versus paired sulfonate groups, with the latter found to be the dominant active sites. Three distinct reaction pathways for cyclohexanone oxime (COX) were proposed based on the spatially constrained distribution of the two different active sites within the catalyst architecture, supported by subsequent DFT calculations providing mechanistic insights into the differential characteristics. Characterization of the catalysts through BET, SEM, TEM, FT-IR, TG, and acid-base titration indicated that 20 % divinylbenzene (DVB) content yielded the highest acidic sites density, while 10 % DVB content produced the most uniform nanosphere morphology. Notably, turnover number (TON) analysis demonstrated that the catalyst with 10 % DVB content exhibited a TON 1.7 times higher than that of commercial resin, underscoring its superior efficiency.
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