CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2015
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IF 4.321
Zhili Li,Yan Kong,Yuanyuan Ge
A new lignin xanthate resin (LXR) was synthesized by a two-step reaction from alkaline lignin and carbon disulfide. It was characterized by FT-IR, SEM and element analysis. An ordered porous structure is observed on LXR. Batch adsorption including equilibrium isotherms, kinetics, and the effects of pH, dosage and temperature on the adsorption of Pb 2+ by LXR were systematically studied. LXR shows a 4.8 times higher adsorption capacity than alkaline lignin at 30 °C that is attributed to the incorporation of xanthate groups and porous structure. Thermodynamic parameters, involving Δ H °, Δ S ° and Δ G ° were also calculated from graphical interpretation of the experimental data. Negative values of Δ G ° indicate the adsorption process of Pb 2+ by LXR is spontaneous. The positive value of Δ H ° confirms the endothermic adsorption in nature. The high adsorption capacity of LXR, together with its feasible preparation, biocompatibility and environmentally friendliness, open new perspectives in the potential use for wastewater treatment.
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高影响因子
ACS Catalysis
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2017
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IF 10.614
Chaofeng Zhang,Hongji Li,Jianmin Lu,Xiaochen Zhang,Katherine E. MacArthur,Marc Heggen,Feng Wang
For lignin valorization, simultaneously achieving the efficient cleavage of ether bonds and restraining the condensation of the formed fragments represents a challenge thus far. Herein, we report a two-step oxidation–hydrogenation strategy to achieve this goal. In the oxidation step, the O2/NaNO2/DDQ/NHPI system selectively oxidizes CαH–OH to Cα═O within the β-O-4 structure. In the subsequent hydrogenation step, the α-O-4 and the preoxidized β-O-4 structures are further hydrogenated over a NiMo sulfide catalyst, leading to the cleavage of Cβ–OPh and Cα–OPh bonds. Besides the transformation of lignin model compounds, the yield of phenolic monomers from birch wood is up to 32% by using this two-step strategy. The preoxidation of CαH–OH to Cα═O not only weakens the Cβ–OPh ether bond but also avoids the condensation reactions caused by the presence of Cα+ from dehydroxylation of CαH–OH. Furthermore, the NiMo sulfide prefers to catalyze the hydrogenative cleavage of the Cβ–OPh bond connecting with a Cα═O rather than catalyze the hydrogenation of Cα═O back to the original CαH–OH, which further ensures and utilizes the advantages of preoxidation.
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Green Processing and Synthesis
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2017
·Vol. 7
·期 4
·306-315
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IF 0.782
Zhihao Bi,Zhihao Li,Lifeng Yan
CuFeS 2 nanoparticles have been synthesized and used as catalyst for the degradation of lignin. Under mild condition of reaction at 60°C and 5 h in the presence of 2 ml hydrogen peroxide, lignin can be degraded completely and converted to dicarboxylic acids, such as oxalic acid (OA), fumaric acid, maleic acid, and succinic acid (SA), carbon oxides, and aromatic compounds. The major product is OA (up to 30% selectivity) and SA. On the basis of the chemicals detected, we proposed a logical mechanism similar to Fenton reaction. The results reveal that HO˙ and HOO − , formed from the cleavage of hydrogen peroxide over the catalyst, play an essential role in the oxidation of lignin to destroy its aromatic structure and generate carboxylic or DCA. This is a potential method to convert native lignin as a renewable feedstock to produce valuable chemicals.
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ENERGY & FUELS
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2014
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IF 2.733
Jun Hu,Dekui Shen,Shiliang Wu,Huiyan Zhang,Rui Xiao
The structural analysis and catalytic solvolysis performance of organosolv lignins from Chinese fir (softwood) and maple (hardwood) were investigated. Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis revealed that both Chinese fir lignin and maple lignin exhibited a guaiacyl–syringyl structure. Chinese fir lignin consisted of guaiacyl units principally, while maple lignin consisted of syringyl units mainly. The ratios of guaiacol-/syringol-type products obtained by pyrolysis–gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py–GC/MS) were 2.53 for Chinese fir lignin and 0.29 for maple lignin, respectively. The catalytic solvolysis degradation was studied in supercritical ethanol/1-butanol at 300 °C with Ru/C to produce phenolic compounds. The degradation products of Chinese fir lignin were mainly guaiacol-type products, while the products of maple lignin consisted of both guaiacol- and syringol-type compounds. The yields of most products of maple lignin were much higher than those of Chinese fir lignin. The results show that the organosolv maple lignin is a potential feedstock for producing phenolic products through the solvolytic method.
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ENERGY & FUELS
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2014
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IF 2.733
Jingying Pan,Jie Fu,Shuguang Deng,Xiuyang Lu
A systematic study of microwave-assisted degradation of lignin model compounds such as benzyl phenyl ether (BPE) and guaiacol, in imidazolium-based ionic liquids, was performed by evaluating the catalytic activity of 29 types of ionic liquids as both solvent and catalyst. After measuring and comparing the acidity of each ionic liquid solution for BPE and guaiacol degradation under the microwave irradiation and conventional heating conditions, it was found that the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate ([BMIM]HSO4) was the most effective for decomposing the lignin model compounds. The experimental results indicate that ionic liquid acidity is in favor of the catalytic activity for BPE and guaiacol degradation, microwave irradiation could accelerate the degradation rate by 650% for BPE and 1120% for guaiacol and significantly increase the reaction selectivity. It was also found in experiments that the ionic liquid [BMIM]HSO4 could be used for 5 times without any loss of catalytic activity. The possible mechanisms for BPE and guaiacol degradation are proposed based on the product distributions.
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JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
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2014
·Vol. 131
·期 18
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IF 1.64
Yan Zhou,Jianping Zhang,Xuegang Luo,Xiaoyan Lin
A novel adsorbent for Hg(II), mercapto-functionalized alkali lignin (AL-SH) was synthesized by Friedel–Crafts alkylation reaction and nucleophilic substitution reactions. The adsorbent was characterized by the techniques of Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), elementary analysis and thermogravimetric analysis, and N 2 adsorption techniques. The effect of various parameters on Hg(II) adsorption process such as initial pH, contact time, ionic strength, initial Hg(II) concentration, temperature, and adsorbent dosage were investigated in detail through batch static experiments. The results indicated that the adsorption process of Hg(II) on AL-SH was mainly dependent on the pH and the optimal pH value was at pH ranging from 4.0 to 6.0. The adsorption process was found to follow pseudosecond-order kinetics and the main process was chemical adsorption, which equilibrated at 8 h. The adsorption isotherm was better described by Langmuir and Temkin isotherm equations compared to Freundlich isotherm equation and the maximum adsorption capacity obtained was 101.2 mg g −1 (pH = 4.0, 20°C, initial Hg(II) concentration was 200 mg L −1 ). The thermodynamic parameters of and were positive while was negative, revealed that the adsorption of Hg(II) onto AL-SH was a spontaneous and endothermic process with increased entropy. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131 , 40749.
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FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
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2015
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IF 3.352
Jingying Pan,Jie Fu,Shuguang Deng,Xiuyang Lu
A study on extraction of 15 kinds of possible lignin degradation products from aqueous solutions was performed by evaluating the distribution coefficients of five different organic-H 2 O systems under different conditions. The experimental results show that the extraction of lignin degradation products from aqueous solutions achieved equilibrium within 30 min; the concentration of the extracted materials and the amount of extractant had a negligible effect on the distribution coefficients. Among the five kinds of extractants investigated in this work, n-butanol was the best solvent for extracting the lignin degradation products, and chloroform had a good selectivity for the extraction of aldehyde. The temperature greatly influenced the distribution coefficients because the distribution coefficients decreased considerably with the extraction temperature. These results provide insights for the degradation of the lignin in a two-phase system.
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APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
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2024
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IF 20.2
Jianrong Shan,Haixin Guo,Jiajiang Zhou,Feng Shen,Mo Qiu,Jirui Yang,Richard Lee Smith Jr,Xinhua Qi
Al-loaded functional lignin biopolymer (Al x -Lbp) catalysts were synthesized using H 2 O 2 oxidized alkali lignin and aluminum acetate via mechanochemical modification without post-calcination treatment. The Al x -Lbp catalysts exhibited higher hydrophilicity and lower surface energy than lignin-free Al-activated carbon catalysts. Unprecedented high yields (58.5 %) of fructose from glucose were obtained over Al 1 -Lbp in ethanol at 140 ºC in 30 min reaction time. Al 1 -Lbp catalyst had Lewis acid sites (47.2 μmol/g), Brønsted acid sites (6.9 μmol/g) and a surface energy of 39.1 mN/m that facilitated glucopyranose ring-opening and gave a glucose isomerization activation energy of 65.2 kJ/mol, which was lower than values reported for Lewis acid-catalyzed systems. Active sites of Al 2 O 3 and Al(OH) 3 formed on the Al 1 -Lbp catalyst in ethanol promoted the formation of an enediol intermediate as confirmed with isotope experiments to achieve efficient isomerization of glucose to fructose. The Al 1 -Lbp catalyst demonstrated recyclability and maintained its initial activity for eight times reuse.
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JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
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2024
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IF 2.7
Zheng Wang,Zhiwei Yang,Pengju Qiao,Jing Fang,Xingjiang Wu,Zhensheng Yang,Hao Li
Degradable polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) liquid mulch film is an effective alternative to traditional petroleum-based mulch. However, PVA has problems such as poor water resistance and high cost in practical applications. In this work, a liquid mulch film PCQ was prepared by simply blending quaternized lignin (QAL), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and PVA. PCQ was characterized and analyzed through FT-IR, SEM, and other tests. The effects of QAL and CMC on the water resistance, barrier properties, water retention, soil-fixing properties, and degradation properties of PCQ were investigated. The results showed that the addition of QAL and CMC significantly enhanced the water resistance of the liquid mulch film and provided excellent UV shielding (90%) and water vapor shielding performance (249.3 g m −2 d −1 ). In addition, PCQ effectively immobilized topsoil, retained soil moisture, and improved seed germination. This study provides a new strategy for preparing environmentally friendly, low-cost, and degradable liquid mulch film.
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ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
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2025
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IF 7.3
Shen Zhang,Songnan Hu,Yan Zhou,Minting Xie,Yuhe Liao,Fengxia Yue
Lignin contains benzene rings, carbonyl groups, and phenolic groups that serve as natural macromolecular UV absorber. However, lignin provides insufficient protection in the UVA region because it lacks a long conjugated structure. In this study, we propose a flavonoids-in-lignin coextraction strategy to improve lignin’s UVA protection performance. Flavonoids-containing lignin was isolated from Musa basjoo (Musa basjoo Siebold) and Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) leaves using l-cysteine (l-cys)-assisted extraction, and the contents of flavonoids in lignin could be further enhanced by employing non-dewaxed sources. Lignin’s UV-protective performance and antioxidant activity were improved as more flavonoids were reserved. Particularly, lignin isolated from non-dewaxed bamboo leaves (NBL) exhibited the best UV protection performance, achieving a sun protection factor (SPF) value of 40.99 with the addition of 5 wt % lignin into SPF 15 commercial sunscreen, representing a 143% enhancement, and a UVA protection factor (PFA) value of 12.17, reflecting a 109% increment. The sunscreens prepared from flavonoid-rich lignin maintained SPF values exceeding 30 and PFA values exceeding 9 (PA+++) even after 8 h of UV irradiation, indicating their long-term UV-protective properties. Furthermore, flavonoids-in-lignin coextraction demonstrated superior UV-protective performance compared to alkali lignin with adscititious flavonoid extracts. This study leverages the inherent advantages of natural plant cell wall components through a straightforward coextraction strategy, further unlocking the potential of lignin for sunscreen applications.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
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2025
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IF 6.3
Binpeng Zhang,Dan Liu,Panhui Zhang,Yuebin Xi,Tianjin Li,Kai Chen,Yanmin Shen,Wenju Liu,Yunhui Feng,Huan Wang
Application of Bi 2 WO 6 (BWO) as a photocatalyst for organic wastewater treatment is limited by low removal efficiency. Porous carbon is often used to coupling with BWO for improving its removal efficiency. In our study, we found that the porous structure of carbonaceous substrates is very important for their modification properties. We examined the effect of carbonaceous substrates with different pore structures as a carrier on dye removal performance. The results showed that the interconnected porous structure was more effective for coupling with BWO than hierarchical porous, micro–mesoporous, and microporous structures. This structure facilitated uniform BWO loading owing to low mass transfer and was not prone to blockage after loading. The obtained BWO/lignin-derived interconnected porous carbon (BWO/LIPC) composite presented efficient contaminant removal via synergistic adsorption and photocatalysis. After 3 h of light exposure, BWO/LIPC-5 % exhibited a 96.5 % removal efficiency for Rhodamine B (initial concentration of 40 mg·L −1 ), with a removal rate 6.3 times that of pure BWO. After five use cycles, the removal efficiency remained above 90 %. The introduction of LIPC increased BWO adsorption performance. Dye molecules were concentrated on the BWO/LIPC surface, thus optimizing photocatalytic efficiency. Moreover, photoelectrochemical characterization revealed that LIPC served as an electron acceptor, effectively inhibiting the recombination of photogenerated electron–hole pairs in BWO and enhancing its photocatalytic activity. This dye removal strategy involving synergistic adsorption and photocatalysis provides valuable insights for developing efficient materials in wastewater remediation.
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Molecular Catalysis
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2024
·
IF 3.9
Zong-Pin Fu,Le-Le Qiu,Yun-Peng Zhao,Fa-Peng Wu,Jin-Xuan Xie,Jian Xiao,Jing Liang,Jian Li,Fang-Jing Liu,Jing-Pei Cao
Hydrogenolysis of lignin to produce valuable aromatic chemicals under mild conditions can effectively realize the value-added utilization of lignin. In this work, catalytic transfer hydrogenolysis (CTH) of dealkaline lignin (DL) over Ni 0.5 Co 1.5 Al catalyst was studied for the production of phenolic compounds, and the reaction mechanism was elucidated through the reaction of 2-phenoxy-1-phenylethanol (PPE) in deuterated isopropanol (CD 3 CD( OD )CD 3 ) and D 2 . Moreover, we investigated the CTH behaviors of various lignin including organic solvents lignin in birch (OL), acidic solvents lignin in birch (AL) and birch powder (BW) to explore the suitability of the Ni 0.5 Co 1.5 Al catalyst. The results showed that Ni 0.5 Co 1.5 Al was able to catalyze the hydrogenolysis of various lignin into phenolic monomers using isopropanol as an in-situ hydrogen source. Under optimized conditions, the hydrogenolysis of DL over Ni 0.5 Co 1.5 Al achieved 43.30 wt% lignin oil yield. The experimental results of isotope labeling experiments exhibited that the active hydrogen generated by isopropanol is used for the cleavage of C-O bonds, and the electronic interactions between Ni and Co promotes the C-O bonds breaking. Isopropanol can not only be a hydrogen donor, but also act as a reaction solvent to stabilize intermediates and enhance the yield of phenolic compounds in the lignin CTH process.
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