JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
·
2019
·Vol. 97
·期 1
·121-127
·
IF 1.201
Wang Lili,Deng Jian,Ji Xuezhen,Liu Wanbin,Liang Jun,Yan Xiaona,Chen Dan,Xie Jie
A novel derivative β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) bonded silica gel (β-CD/SiO2) was prepared via carbodiimide activation and used as a chiral stationary phase (CSP). The β-CD/SiO2 CSP was characterizedby X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and FTIR spectroscopy to prove the successful immobilization of β-CD onto the surface of the silica gel.The thermal behavior of the CSP was studied by differential scanning calorimetry and then used forthe chiral separation of racemic naproxen using HPLC. Several factors affecting the separation efficiency of naproxen enantiomers were investigatedsystematically. The following parameters were selected: methanol–0.01 M phosphate buffer solution (85 + 15, v/v, pH 3.5) was the mobile phase, the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min, and the column temperature was 35°C. Under optimal conditions, the racemic naproxen was efficiently separated with a resolution factor (RS) of 1.70 and a separation factor (α) of 1.25. This method was successfully used for the enantiomeric separation and purity assessment of naproxen in commercial naproxen sustained release tablets.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2019
·
IF 8.355
Li Liang,Xiaoqin Li,Zhang Lin,Chen Tian,Yiqing Guo
In this study, the microstructure of sulfidated nanoscale zero-valent iron (S-nZVI), and the reaction mechanism with cadmium (Cd) were investigated. Combining with spherical aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscope (Cs-STEM), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR), it was found that the one-step synthesized S-nZVI with Na 2 S as the sulfidation reagent is irregular in shape and consisted of heterogeneous mixtures of Fe 0 , amorphous FeS, and Fe 3 O 4 . The dominant reaction mechanism between S-nZVI and Cd is displacement of Fe in FeS and the formation of CdS. The effects of Cd initial concentration, Mg 2+ , NO 3 − , and humic acid (HA) on the reaction kinetics were also studied. The removal capacity of Cd by S-nZVI can reach up to 495 mg/g, which is significantly higher than other S-nZVI and adsorbents. The reactions follow pseudo-second-order adsorption model, with chemisorption as the rate limiting step during the displacement reaction. Low concentration of Mg 2+ (<30 mg/L), NO 3 − (<60 mg/L), and HA (<10 mg/L) slightly decreases the removal of Cd due to the competition. Moreover, S-nZVI shows high efficiency and stability towards the removal of both free Cd ions and EDTA-chelated Cd during the concentration investigated. Overall, the study shows that sulfur plays a critical role in the particle microstructure and transformation of Cd in the environment.
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SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2023
·
IF 9.8
Yi Huang,Junxu Wu,Yuetong Lu,Runchao Wang,Yaqiong Lan,Ning Jia
Behavioral changes in zebrafish are an effective early warning system to determine water quality. However, only a few studies have examined the response of zebrafish to non-chemical stimulus after exposure to a contaminant. Therefore, this study investigated the differences in the behavioral responses of zebrafish to acoustic stimuli before and after exposure to cadmium (Cd). Acoustic escape response sensitivity curves were obtained and analyzed, followed by the determination of sensitive stimulus conditions at 100 Hz and 97 dB with a duration of 30 s and an interval of 30 min. Zebrafish exhibit a significant acoustic escape response, which is significantly reduced after exposure to Cd. The results showed that zebrafish stop demonstrating acoustic escape responses when exposed to higher Cd concentrations or longer acoustic exposures. Based on these results, a novel method for detecting abnormal behavior in zebrafish by acoustic stimulation has been proposed, which is expected to reduce the false alarm rate of this type of water quality technology .
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Arabian Journal of Chemistry
·
2023
·
IF 6
Jiamin Qi,Hengxi Zhu,Tianyu Yang,Xingyuan Wang,Zixuan Wang,Xiaoli Lei,Bin Li,Wenmin Qian
Red mud is an industrial by-product produced in the process of alumina refining. It contains many iron elements, and the traditional resource utilization method is to extract it. This study took an alternative approach by using red mud's iron content as the substrate to synthesize a novel iron-biochar adsorbent for removing heavy metals from wastewater. Walnut shell biochar was reacted with the iron in red mud via an in-situ reduction–oxidation process to produce an iron-carbon composite adsorbent (FexOy-BC). A series of characterization analyses (e.g., SEM, FTIR, XPS, etc.) and batch adsorption experiments were conducted to investigate the properties and Cd(II) removal performance of the adsorbent, respectively. Response surface methodology was further employed to optimize the adsorption conditions, identifying the ideal 6 g/L adsorbent dose, 10 mg/L initial Cd(II) concentration (C 0 ), and pH 6. The optimized quadratic model demonstrated excellent fit, with an average Cd(II) removal efficiency of 92.59 % under optimal conditions. The adsorption mechanism, renewability, and preliminary cost-benefit analysis indicate that FexOy-BC has the potential to be a highly efficient and sustainable adsorbent. In summary, the new method can recover resources from red mud waste and synthesize heavy metal adsorbents, which comprehensively solves two long-standing problems of industrial waste.
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MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
·
2023
·
IF 4.8
Yue Feng,Hongli Zhao,Tong Feng,Xue Liu,Minbo Lan
Cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) are two of the most toxic heavy metals, which cause serious pollution to the environment. It is of great significance to develop electrochemical sensing platforms that can be used for the efficient and simultaneous detection of Cd(II) and Pb(II). Herein, bismuth nanoparticles encapsulated in nitrogen-doped carbon nanosheets (Bi@NC) were successfully synthesized. An electrochemical sensor based on Bi@NC was proposed for the high-performance determination of trace Cd(II) and Pb(II). Encapsulated and uniformly distributed Bi nanoparticles with abundant active sites form alloys with Cd(II) and Pb(II), and the conductive nitrogen-doped carbon nanosheet accelerates the electron transport rate, thus the electrochemical signals of Cd(II) and Pb(II) are significantly amplified. Under optimized conditions, Cd(II) and Pb(II) can be simultaneously detected in concentrations ranging from 1 to 150 μg L −1 , with sensitivity of 0.48 μA μg −1 L and 0.36 μA μg −1 L, respectively. Meanwhile, the sensor possesses the outstanding advantages of ultra-high sensitivity, excellent selectivity, and storage stability, being able to serve as an electrochemical platform for Cd(II) and Pb(II) sensing in fruit and river water.
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MOLECULES
·
2023
·Vol. 28
·期 16
·6152
·
IF 4.6
Lijun Xie,Li Chen,Yongbo Wei,Nannan Chen,Tong Wu,Jingming Zhou,Hong Jiang,Feng Lin
Rakicidin B1 was isolated and purified from the culture broth of a marineStreptomycessp. as a potent anti-cancer agent, and lately the compound and its derivatives have firstly been found to possess anti-Clostridium difficile(CD) activity but with high cytotoxicity. Herein, following our previous discovery on anti-CD activity of Rakicidin B1, structure modification was performed at the OH position of Rakicidin B1 and a new Rakicidin B1-PEG hybrids FIMP2 was facilely designed and synthesized by conjugating the PEG2000 with the scaffolds of Rakicidin B1 via the linkage of carbamate. The cytotoxicity of the FIMP2 was first evaluated against three different cancer cell lines, including HCT-8 cells, PANC-1, and Caco-2, with IC50values at 0.519 μM, 0.815 μM, and 0.586 μM, respectively. Obviously, as compared with a positive control group treated with Rakicidin B1, the IC50value of FIMP2 increased by nearly 91-fold, 50-fold, and 67-fold, suggesting that the PEGylation strategy significantly reduced the cytotoxicity of FIMP2. Thus, this preliminary result may be beneficial to increase its safety index (SI) value due to the decreased cytotoxicity of FIMP2. In addition, this decreased cytotoxicity of FIMP2 was further confirmed based on a zebrafish screening model in vivo. Thereafter, the anti-CD activity of FIMP2 was evaluated in vivo, and its efficacy to treat CDI was found to be better than that of vancomycin. The mortality and recurrence rate of FIMP2 is not as low compared with that of vancomycin; these results demonstrated that compound FIMP2 is a new, promising anti-CD agent with significant efficacy against CD recurrence with low cytotoxicity towards bodies.Keywords:Rakicidin B1;PEGylation strategy;anti-Clostridium difficile;low cytotoxicity
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SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2023
·
IF 9.8
Peng Yi,Yani Yan,Ying Kong,Quan Chen,Min Wu,Ni Liang,Lijuan Zhang,Bo Pan
Wetting-drying cycles in the environment could change the inner- or outer-sphere complexation of heavy metal cations on natural organic matter (NOM) and then influence ternary interactions with organic contaminants - a rarely-discussed essential geochemical process. In this work, the sorption of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) on humic acids (HAs) mediated by cations (Cu 2+ and Cd 2+ ) was investigated. Considering that outer-sphere complexation could be transformed into inner-sphere complexation during vacuum freeze-drying, the role of inner- or outer-sphere complexation on SMX sorption was explored. The experimental sorption results and density functional theory (DFT) calculations suggested that Cu 2+ and Cd 2+ sorption on HAs was mainly outer- and inner-sphere complexation, respectively. Cd 2+ consistently promoted SMX sorption on HAs, while Cu 2+ promoted and inhibited SMX sorption before and after freeze-drying. The structure of HA-Cu complexes with inner-sphere complexation was more compact than those with outer-sphere complexation, which reduced the accessibility of sorption sites for SMX on HA-Cu and inhibited SMX sorption. However, the greater number of coordination sites of Cd 2+ may provide more sorption sites and the structure of HA-Cd was looser. These findings provide a groundbreaking understanding of the sorption of organics on natural adsorbents in the presence of cations.
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Polymers
·
2023
·Vol. 15
·期 11
·2416
·
IF 5
Siqing Ye,Weiye Zhang,Xingliang Hu,Hongxing He,Yi Zhang,Weili Li,Guangyuan Hu,Yue Li,Xiujun Deng
A novel recoverable magnetic Cd(II) ion-imprinted polymer was synthesized on the surface of silica-coated Fe3O4particles via the surface imprinting technique and chemical grafting method. The resulting polymer was used as a highly efficient adsorbent for the removal of Cd(II) ions from aqueous solutions. The adsorption experiments revealed that Fe3O4@SiO2@IIP had a maximum adsorption capacity of up to 29.82 mg·g−1for Cd(II) at an optimal pH of 6, with the adsorption equilibrium achieved within 20 min. The adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm adsorption model. Thermodynamic studies showed that the adsorption of Cd(II) on the imprinted polymer was spontaneous and entropy-increasing. Furthermore, the Fe3O4@SiO2@IIP could rapidly achieve solid–liquid separation in the presence of an external magnetic field. More importantly, despite the poor affinity of the functional groups constructed on the polymer surface for Cd(II), we improved the specific selectivity of the imprinted adsorbent for Cd(II) through surface imprinting technology. The selective adsorption mechanism was verified by XPS and DFT theoretical calculations.
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ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
·
2023
·
IF 8.3
Xiaoyu Zheng,Qiuju Wu,Chao Huang,Ping Wang,Hao Cheng,Chengyou Sun,Jian Zhu,Haiyin Xu,Ke Ouyang,Jing Guo,Zhiming Liu
Biochar derived from bamboo was used to support sulfide nanoscale zero-valent iron (S-nZVI@BC) for simultaneous removal of Cd(II) and As (III) from aqueous media. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD) characterization confirmed the successful synthesis of the S-nZVI@BC. Adsorption kinetics and isotherms indicated that co-adsorption of Cd(II) and As(III) onto S-nZVI@BC was well represented by pseudo-second-order model ( R 2 Cd(II) = 0.990, R 2 As(III) = 0.995) and Langmuir model ( R 2 Cd(II) = 0.954, R 2 As(III) = 0.936). The maximum adsorption was 162.365 and 276.133 mg/g for Cd(II) and As(III), respectively, in a co-adsorption system, which was significantly higher than that in a single adsorption system (103.195 and 223.736 mg/g, respectively). Batch experiments showed that the Cd(II)-to-As(III) concentration ratio significantly affected the co-adsorption with the optimal ratio of 1:2. Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ significantly inhibited Cd(II) removal. In contrast, phosphate and humic acid significantly inhibited As(III) removal. Electrochemical analysis indicated S-nZVI@BC had a lower corrosion potential and resistance than nZVI@BC, making it more conducive to electron transfer and chemical reaction. Electrostatic adsorption, complexation, co-precipitation, and redox were the primary mechanisms for Cd(II) and As(III) removal. Overall, the present study provides new insights into the synergistic removal of Cd(II) and As(III) by S-nZVI@BC, which is a very promising adsorbent for the effective removal of Cd(II) and As(III) from contaminated wastewater.
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INORGANIC CHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS
·
2023
·
IF 3.8
Hai Liang,Xinyu Feng,Xiuyuan Zuo,Zhihan Zhu,Siman Yang,Baowei Zhu,Wanting Wang,Jingjing Zhang,Gang Li
MgO-modified biochar (MgO-BC) has demonstrated enormous potential for practical application of Cd(Ⅱ) removal from wastewater. Exceptionally numerous MgO adsorption sites and enhanced porosity of MgO-BC are both critical for efficiency Cd(Ⅱ) removal. However, the pursuit of high-content of MgO while maintaining unobstructed pore structure remains a challenge due to the blockage of BC pores by the MgO particles. Herein, we demonstrated that Mg(NO 3 ) 2 can synergistically enhance the porosity and MgO active site of biochar attributing to the oxidation of nitrate. The prepared MgO-BC exhibits highly porous framework structure. Remarkably, further adsorption results indicate the MgO-BC has outstanding adsorption capacity of Cd(Ⅱ) in solution. The immobilized contaminant Cd(Ⅱ) onto MgO-BC was predominantly attributable to the chemical and physical interaction, including ion exchange, cation-π interaction, surface complexation and electrostatic interaction. This strategy demonstrates a novel route to develop efficient adsorbents by tailoring structure and metal oxide via nitrate activation.
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npj Science of Food
·
2023
·Vol. 7
·期 1
·1-10
·
IF 6.4
Qiu Chao,Zhang Zhiheng,Li Xiaojing,Sang Shangyuan,McClements David Julian,Chen Long,Long Jie,Jiao Aiquan,Xu Xueming,Jin Zhengyu
In this study, composite nanoparticles consisting of zein and hydroxypropyl beta-cyclodextrin were prepared using a combined antisolvent co-precipitation/electrostatic interaction method. The effects of calcium ion concentration on the stability of the composite nanoparticles containing both curcumin and quercetin were investigated. Moreover, the stability and bioactivity of the quercetin and curcumin were characterized before and after encapsulation. Fluorescence spectroscopy, Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction analyses indicated that electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic interactions were the main driving forces for the formation of the composite nanoparticles. The addition of calcium ions promoted crosslinking of the proteins and affected the stability of the protein–cyclodextrin composite particles through electrostatic screening and binding effects. The addition of calcium ions to the composite particles improved the encapsulation efficiency, antioxidant activity, and stability of the curcumin and quercetin. However, there was an optimum calcium ion concentration (2.0 mM) that provided the best encapsulation and protective effects on the nutraceuticals. The calcium crosslinked composite particles were shown to maintain good stability under different pH and simulated gastrointestinal digestion conditions. These results suggest that zein–cyclodextrin composite nanoparticles may be useful plant-based colloidal delivery systems for hydrophobic bio-active agents.
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
·
2023
·
IF 5.2
Lingmin Sun,Junshu Wu,Jinshu Wang,Meng Xu,Wenyuan Zhou,Yucheng Du,Yongli Li,Hongyi Li
With rising global concerns about the discharge of large volumes of waste materials derived from industrial manufacture and human life, methods for utilizing waste materials have been greatly developed. In this study, an ingenious hydroxyapatite (Hap) functionalized hierarchical porous biochar (HB) composite is fabricated using a filtrate rich in Ca 2+ ions after steel slag reuse and spent Hami melon peel as raw materials. Microstructural analyses indicate that Hap nanoparticles are loaded on HB with hierarchical pores produced from a pyrolysis process of Hami melon peel. A series of HB-Hap materials by tuning HB addition amount (0.5, 1, and 2 g) can be obtained through a coprecipitation process. As a case study, HB-0.5Hap exhibits high specific surface area of 66.92 m 2 /g and high-efficiency removal performance for Pb(II) and Cd(II) ions in wastewater. The maximum adsorption capacities of HB-0.5Hap are 134.4 (Pb(II)) and 60.4 (Cd(II)) mg/g, which are 1.77 and 1.23 times higher than that of pure HB, respectively. It is attributed to a synergistic mechanism involving ion exchange, chemical precipitation , surface complexation, and cation-π interaction. According to a semi-quantitative calculation, ion exchange plays a major role in the removal of Pb(II) (78.61%, the relative contribution of ion exchange mechanism) and Cd(II) (77.77%). This study demonstrates a facile, economical, and sustainable strategy for the value-added utilization of steel slag and spent Hami melon peel, which can be critical in solving environmental problems.
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