Tingting Yang,Zhongyuan Liu,Guanghua Xia,Dawei Yu,Zhidong Liu,Yixiang Wang,Liming Zhang,Jiamei Wang
ACP voltage-modified SPI-SA nanoparticles co-encapsulated curcumin and resveratrol. • 30 kV ACP-treated nanoemulsion had optimal stability, highest EE, and superior emulsifying properties. • 30 kV ACP-nanoemulsion enhanced surimi gel strength, WHC, and network compactness. • ACP-modified nanoemulsion inhibited lipid oxidation and water migration, keeping surimi quality for 15 days. This study applied atmospheric cold plasma (ACP) at 0–40 kV to prepare curcumin- and resveratrol-loaded SPI-SA nanoemulsions and evaluated their performance in surimi gels. Moderate ACP treatment at 30 kV uniquely optimized the interfacial structure, achieving monomodal droplet size, the highest zeta potential (−56.6 + 0.62 mV) and maximum encapsulation efficiency (curcumin 89.34 ± 0.32%, resveratrol 88.33 ± 0.22%), loading capacity (curcumin 11.91 ± 0.04%, resveratrol 17.66 ± 0.04%), along with superior antioxidant activity (DPPH and ABTS radical-scavenging activities 72.66 ± 1.31% and 67.05 ± 2.21%). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed that ACP-induced SPI unfolding, combined with SA enrichment and polyphenol anchoring, promoted a dense hydrogen-bonded interfacial film with enhanced molecular ordering, leading to excellent storage stability and emulsifying properties. In surimi gels, the 30 kV nanoemulsion acted as an optimal active filler, reinforcing the myofibrillar protein network through physical filling and interfacial cross-linking. This resulted in the highest gel strength (3090.05 ± 23.28 g·mm) and water holding capacity (81.51 ± 0.95%), lowest cooking loss (8.20 ± 0.04%) and TBARS values (0.80 ± 0.03 mg MDA/Kg), shortest T₂ relaxation times, and densest microstructure during 15-day refrigerated storage. Unmodified nanoemulsion only provided moderate improvements. Thus, 30 kV is the optimal ACP voltage for preparing stable, high-efficiency nanoemulsions and enhancing surimi gel quality, offering a theoretical basis for ACP-modified protein-polysaccharide delivery systems. Download: Download high-res image (205KB) Download: Download full-size image
Xiao-Jia He,Jin-Xian Fu,Jiao Jiao,Qing-Yan Gai,Yu-Jie Fu,Xue Feng,Yuan Wang
Resveratrol (a high-value natural polyphenolic compound with numerous pharmacological activities) is predominantly present in the form of the glycoside polydatin in Polygonum cuspidatum roots. In this study, a novel endophytic fungus, Penicillium rubens , capable of producing both cellulase (0.71 ± 0.09 U/mL) and β-glucosidase (4.35 ± 0.38 U/mL) for cell wall hydrolysis and polydatin deglycosylation, was used to ferment P. cuspidatum roots to improve the yield of valuable resveratrol. Results showed that the semi-solid-state fermentation (SSSF) using the homogeneous cultures of P. rubens was the appropriate strategy to obtain a higher yield of resveratrol from P. cuspidatum roots. Under the optimal fermentation conditions (temperature 30 °C, inoculation dose 4.0 mL/g, and time 72 h), the yield of resveratrol (19.95 ± 0.83 mg/g DW) in P. cuspidatum roots fermented by P. rubens was 19.18-fold higher than that in the unfermented control (1.04 ± 0.47 mg/g DW). Moreover, the digestibility of P. cuspidatum roots by P. rubens in terms of dry matter weight and cellulose content was 40.04% and 21.91%, respectively. Scanning electron microscope observation indicated that P. rubens fermentation could effectively disrupt the cell walls of P. cuspidatum roots, thus contributing to the release of more polydatin for deglycosylation. In addition, the extracts of P. cuspidatum roots fermented by P. rubens exhibited higher antioxidant and antibacterial activities compared with those of the unfermented control. The economic analysis showed that the benefit of SSSF approach for resveratrol production was much greater than that of the unfermented control. Overall, this study proposed a cost-effective SSSF method using the novel P. rubens to obtain bioactive resveratrol from P. cuspidatum roots, which had promising potential in the pharmaceutical, nutraceutical , and cosmetic industries.
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