ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2020
·
IF 6.215
Jiabao Zhu,Linghong Lu,Lili Shi,Zhongyang Dai,Wei Zhuang,Zhengsong Weng
The hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of heterogeneous interface of the electrode material is critical for the performance of ionic liquids supercapacitors . However, the behavior of electrolytes at the electrode interface, especially the interface microstructure and properties is not yet clear. We investigated the electric double-layer of [emim][DCA] on slit pore of TiO 2 /C composite with the heterogeneous surface by combining molecular dynamics simulation and experimental measurements. The results of simulation show that coverage ratio of carbon on the surface affect the number density distribution, orientation and diffusion coefficient of [emim][DCA]. Moreover, we calculated the charge distribution of electric double-layer of [emim][DCA] and the capacitance. The results indicate that the capacitance of slit pore with the surface of TiO 2 with 78.7% carbon coverage ratio has the highest capacitance at high surface charge density. We performed an electrochemical experiment using composite of TiO 2 covered with carbon as the electrode material, and obtained the capacitance from cyclic voltammetry (CV). The experimental results also indicate there is an optimal coverage ratio of carbon, which achieves the highest capacitance. Our researches could provide a microscopic perspective of the electric double layer at the heterogeneous interface and the guidance for the design of electrode material.
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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 9.7
Aiting Xu,Xueliang Lu,Qiao Zhang,Guangxing Yang,Zhiting Liu,Siyuan Yang,Feng Peng
Constructing strongly coupled S-scheme heterojunctions without sacrificing redox capability remains a central challenge in photocatalytic water splitting. Herein, we report the in situ photogeneration of metallic Bi (Bi 0 ) nanobridges from layered Bi 2 O 2 CO 3 (BOC) under UV irradiation, which effectively wire BOC with TiO 2 (P25) to form a ternary BOC-Bi 0 -TiO 2 S-scheme heterojunction. Under ultraviolet-visible light or simulated sunlight, the optimized BOC-0.5P25 catalyst achieves a high H 2 evolution rate of ∼5.8 mmol·g −1 ·h −1 , which further increases by ∼24 % (to ∼7.2 mmol·g −1 ·h −1 ) after light-activated cycling. The apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) reaches 2.45 % at 380 nm. Structural characterizations confirm the light-induced formation of Bi 0 , accompanied by a slight chemical shift in Ti 2 p and Bi 4 f spectra, consistent with interfacial band bending. Band structure and kinetics analyses elucidate an S-scheme charge transfer mechanism where electrons preferentially flow via Bi 0 into TiO 2 while holes stay on Bi 2 O 2 CO 3 , driven by the built-in field. Isotopic labeling experiments via Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS) isotopologues (CH x D 4-x in D 2 O/MeOH) together with online Differential Electrochemical Mass Spectrometry (DEMS) signals confirm that water contributes to both H 2 production and methanol oxidative reforming (partially to CH 4 ). The concept of light-triggered, in-situ mediator activation provides a practical route for photocatalytic water reduction coupled with methanol oxidative reforming under unbiased and noble-metal-free conditions through engineering tightly coupled S-scheme interfaces.
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DOI
PubMed
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Reaction Chemistry & Engineering
·
2025
·
IF 3.1
Xinlei Jia,Yonghui Wang,Dezhong Wang,Yingying Hu,Lanjuan Xu,Qing Cao,Chao Liu,Lixin Wei
Crude oil emulsions are challenging to break due to their complex and variable composition. While high-performance demulsifiers exist, many conventional systems still face limitations such as poor stability under harsh conditions or insufficient separation efficiency for specific emulsion types. It is thus essential to develop new demulsifiers that combine high salt resistance with effective destabilization capability. Carbon materials, known for their strong adsorption capacity and chemical stability, can efficiently capture emulsified droplets, enabling significantly enhanced demulsification performance even under harsh conditions. The integration of TiO2–carbon heterostructures with fluorinated polyether grafting into magnetic demulsifiers represents a previously unreported strategy. Building on this background, our research innovatively modified the magnetic substrate Fe3O4 by incorporating TiO2 and three types of carbon materials (carbon nanospheres, graphene oxide, and carbon nanotubes). Through a sol–gel approach, fluorinated polyether chains were covalently grafted onto the surface of modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles, leading to the successful synthesis of three novel magnetic composite demulsifiers: Fe3O4@Ti/C–F, Fe3O4@Ti/G–F and Fe3O4@Ti/CN–F. The results demonstrate that these three demulsifiers exhibit excellent demulsification efficiency, acid resistance, and excellent recyclability. They achieve demulsification rates exceeding 85% in neutral and acidic environments. Notably, Fe3O4@Ti/G–F stands out with the best performance. After five cycles of recovery from a biphasic system, its demulsification efficiency remains above 70%. When used at a concentration of 600 mg L−1, it can achieve a demulsification rate of 93.44% within just 30 minutes. In summary, this innovative magnetic nanodemulsifier not only provides an efficient and stable solution for crude oil emulsion separation but also offers significant ecological benefits, holding great potential for application in the treatment of oily wastewater.
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ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
·
2025
·
IF 7.7
Fabian Long,Qiuhong Liu,Jingyao He,Jianqiao Zhao,Xitong Li,Xiaoya Gao,Wenjie Zhu,Yongming Luo
Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is a widespread heavy metal pollutant in industrial wastewater that is highly carcinogenic and deleterious due to bioaccumulation. Detoxifying Cr(VI) to the less-toxic Cr(III) requires a synergistic adsorption–reduction mechanism. In this study, titanium dioxide (TiO 2 )-based composite photocatalysts (X-PNT) with polydopamine (PDA) and engineered oxygen vacancies (OVs) were developed to explore interfacial processes. Characterization results showed that PDA formed a bridge structure between TiO 2 particles, thereby creating charge transfer pathways. The band gap width of the photocatalyst after incorporating PDA narrowed by 0.16 eV compared to pure TiO 2 , and the photocurrent was enhanced by 2.43 times. Density functional theory calculations showed that PDA modification improved the electronic structure and adsorption capacity of TiO 2 . In photocatalytic experiments, the 0.1PNT composite achieved a Cr(VI) removal efficiency of 68.88 %, with light-driven reduction contributing 60.68 %. Quenching experiments confirmed direct electron transfer as the primary reduction pathway. Two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2DCOS) revealed a sequential reaction pathway, suggesting that Cr(VI) removal is a multistep synergistic process. This study provides valuable insights into PDA functionalization and OV engineering, facilitating the design and development of highly efficient polymer–metal oxide composites for Cr(VI) detoxification.
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DOI
PubMed
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 8.1
Xiao Liu,Yanjun Zhang,Wuxia Zhang,Gang Cheng,Fan Tian,Wei Li,Jinyan Xiong
Solar-driven photocatalytic hydrogen production from water splitting holds significant potential in addressing the energy crisis and environmental pollution. However, rapid recombination of photogenerated carriers and insufficient surface catalytic reaction kinetics hinder the photocatalytic process. Constructing the catalytic systems with multi-channel charge-separation can effectively alleviate those issues. In this work, ternary PdO@TiO 2 -Cu 2 O composites have been synthesized through precursor calcination and low-temperature reduction, where PdO and Cu 2 O nanoparticles couple with the TiO 2 nanorods. Comparing to single TiO 2 , binary PdO@TiO 2 and TiO 2 -Cu 2 O, the PdO@TiO 2 -Cu 2 O hybrid exhibits enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen production performance (5831μmol g -1 h −1 ), with a hydrogen production rate more than three times that of single TiO 2 . Based on the band structures of TiO 2 and Cu 2 O, along with the photochemical/electrochemical, in-situ EPR, Photoluminescence (PL) tests, and work function calculations, the formation of an S-scheme heterojunction at the TiO 2 -Cu 2 O interface under light illumination facilitates the recombination of electrons in the conduction band (CB) of TiO 2 with holes in the valence band (VB) of Cu 2 O. In this regard, the established built-in electric field significantly accelerates the transfer of photogenerated charges while preserving their respective strong oxidation and reduction capabilities. Meanwhile, the introduction of PdO enriches the holes and further enhances the rate of charge separation. This S-scheme heterojunction with directional charge transfer and oxidation cocatalyst collectively form multi-channels of charge separation, optimizing charge migration and enabling efficient hydrogen production, thus improving the photocatalytic capability of pristine TiO 2 . This study provides a rational approach to construct efficient S-scheme heterojunction/oxidation cocatalyst multi-component catalytic systems for water splitting into hydrogen.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2021
·
IF 13.273
Ganning Zeng,Hanzhang You,Mingming Du,Yan Zhang,Yimei Ding,Chengda Xu,Bo Liu,Bing Chen,Xiangliang Pan
Remediating and controlling PAHs (Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons) contamination in the environment is essential all over the world. Nano-TiO 2 immobilized on large surface area adsorbent is a kind of emerging endeavor to enhance the photo-catalysis performance. In this paper, activated carbon samples (ACs) were synthesized by using a kind of subtropical macroalgae, i.e., Sargassum Horneri ( S.H. ) as raw material. ACs activated by FeCl 3 , ZnCl 2 , a composite activators mixture of FeCl 3 and ZnCl 2 (CA) were selected to immobilize nano-TiO 2 in aquatic environment, and naphthalene degradation performance of these materials was systematically assessed. The results showed that ACs could provide more activated space for naphthalene photocatalytic reaction, in which Zn 2+ helped to hold relative high specific surface area, Fe 3+ helped to extend the valid light responsive wavelength, and CA could take advantage of both metal ions, with the largest whole volume and surface functional groups. The highest naphthalene degradation efficiency of TiO 2 /AC-CA under simulated sunlight could arrive to 77.5%, while those of TiO 2 /AC-FeCl 3 and TiO 2 /AC-ZnCl 2 were 65.0%, 54.5%, respectively. Meanwhile, the pH-resistance and reusing capability of TiO 2 /AC-CA are better than those of other TiO 2 /ACs. The results helped to clarify the synergistic mechanism of AC and TiO 2 in photo-catalysis, especially the metal ions’ role in combining the two materials, and showed the industrial potential of S.H. in PAHs contamination.
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NPG Asia Materials
·
2022
·Vol. 14
·期 1
·1-11
·
IF 10.761
Jian Gang,Jiao Yong,Feng Liang,Meng Qingzhen,Yang Ning,Zhu Shangtao,Lü Minfeng,Wong Ching-Ping
Dielectric substances exhibit great potential for high-power capacitors due to their high stability and fast charge–discharge; however, a long-term challenge is to enhance energy density. Here, we propose a poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) composite utilizing BaTiO 3 nanoparticle@TiO 2 nanosheet (BT@TO ns) 2D nanohybrids as fillers, aiming at combining the interfacial strategy of using a core–shell filler and the electron scattering of a 2D filler to improve the energy density. With 4 wt% filler, the composite possesses the largest breakdown strength ( E b ) of 561.2 MV m −1 , which is significantly enhanced from the 407.6 MV m −1 of PVDF, and permittivity of 12.6 at 1 kHz, which is a 23% increase from that of PVDF. A superhigh energy density of 21.3 J cm −3 with an efficiency of 61% is obtained at 550 MV m −1 . The 2D BT@TO ns-filled composite exhibits a higher energy density than composites filled with core–shell 1D BT@TO nws or non-core–shell 0D BT, 1D TO, or 2D TO particles. The E b and energy density improvements are attributed to the buffer layer-based interface engineering and enhanced area scattering of electrons caused by the 2D hybrids, an effect similar to that of a ping-pong paddle to scatter electric field-induced charge migrations in composites. Thus, an effective hybrid strategy is presented for achieving high-performance polymer composites that can be used in energy storage devices.
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ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY
·
2020
·
IF 6.513
Rong Zhang,Yanlan Ma,Wenting Lan,Dur E Sameen,Saeed Ahmed,Jianwu Dai,Wen Qin,Suqing Li,Yaowen Liu
Polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite nanofibrous membranes immobilized with nano-titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) and graphene oxide (GO) were prepared by electrospinning and ultrasonic-assisted electrospinning. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed that TiO 2 and GO were more evenly dispersed on the surface and inside of the nanofibers after 45 min of ultrasonic treatment. Adding TiO 2 and GO reduced the fiber diameter; the minimum fiber diameter was 84.66 ± 40.58 nm when the mass ratio of TiO 2 -to-GO was 8:2 (PAN/β-CD nanofibrous membranes was 191.10 ± 45.66 nm). Using the anionic dye methyl orange (MO) and the cationic dye methylene blue (MB) as pollutant models, the photocatalytic activity of the nanofibrous membrane under natural sunlight was evaluated. It was found that PAN/β-CD/TiO 2 /GO composite nanofibrous membrane with an 8:2 mass ratio of TiO 2 -to-GO exhibited the best degradation efficiency for the dyes. The degradation efficiency for MB and MO were 93.52 ± 1.83% and 90.92 ± 1.52%, respectively. Meanwhile, the PAN/β-CD/TiO 2 /GO composite nanofibrous membrane also displayed good antibacterial properties and the degradation efficiency for MB and MO remained above 80% after 3 cycles. In general, the PAN/β-CD/TiO 2 /GO nanofibrous membrane is eco-friendly, reusable, and has great potential for the removal of dyes from industrial wastewaters.
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APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
·
2020
·
IF 16.683
Yingguang Zhang,Muyan Wu,Yifei Wang,Yu Ho Kwok,Wending Pan,Wai Szeto,Haibao Huang,Dennis Y.C. Leung
The particular role of fluorine (F) doping in the photocatalytic activity of nanocrystalline titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) towards toluene degradation was systematically studied. TiO 2 nanosheet catalysts doped with different amounts of F − (denoted by F-TiO 2 ) were synthesized by hydrothermal method. For comparison, calcination was performed on the catalyst to remove F - . The photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) of toluene over F-TiO 2 was found to be much higher than those of TiO 2 and commercial P25 under the irradiation of vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) light, with a high toluene degradation efficiency of about 90 %. Moreover, the toluene degradation efficiency increased to 96 % with the addition of only 1 wt.% α-MnO 2 nanowires, and the residual ozone (O 3 ) in the system can be completely eliminated. In addition, four different substrates were explored for catalyst coating to facilitate the operation and minimize catalyst loading, which can provide a promising strategy for practical volatile organic compounds (VOCs) abatement in industrial applications.
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NANO
·
2021
·
IF 1.556
M. M. Xia,J. Li,Y. Y. Zhang,D. N. Kang,Y. L. Zhang
Nanosized TiO 2 has been actively developed as a low-cost and environment-friendly anode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), but its poor electronic conductivity seriously restricts its practical applications. This drawback is addressed in this work by the fabrication of one-dimensional mesoporous graphene@Ag@TiO 2 composite nanofibers as anode materials for high-performance LIBs. The materials were prepared via electrospinning combined with annealing treatment, and the effects of graphene addition on the microstructure and electrochemical performance of the resulting mesoporous graphene@Ag@TiO 2 nanofibers were investigated in detail. Ag@TiO 2 nanofibers with the optimal amount of graphene displayed a maximum initial discharge capacity of 4 9 0 . 5 mAh ⋅ g − 1 at 1 0 0 mA ⋅ g − 1 and retained a discharge capacity of 2 0 9 . 1 mAh ⋅ g − 1 at 1 0 0 mA ⋅ g − 1 after 100 cycles. These results reflect the excellent cycling stability of the material. The average specific discharge capacity of the nanofibers ( 9 7 . 6 mAh ⋅ g − 1 at 1 0 0 0 mA ⋅ g − 1 ) was two-fold higher than that of samples without graphene, and their discharge capacity returned to 2 5 3 . 8 mA ⋅ g − 1 (approximately 9 6 . 2 mA ⋅ g − 1 for other nanofibers) when the current density was recovered to the initial value ( 4 0 mA ⋅ g − 1 ) . Electrochemical impedance spectroscopic measurements confirmed that the conductivity of the electrode was 6 . 3 × 1 0 − 1 S ⋅ cm − 1 , which is higher than that of bare mesoporous Ag@TiO 2 ( 1 . 9 9 × 1 0 − 5 S ⋅ cm − 1 ). Thus, one-dimensional mesoporous graphene@Ag@TiO 2 nanofibers can be regarded as a promising anode material for LIBs.
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MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
·
2021
·
IF 5.234
Lu Liu,Guobing Ying,Dong Wen,Yuexia Li,Kaicheng Zhang,Huihua Min,Cong Hu,Cheng Sun,Cheng Wang
Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials based on MXenes have gained increasing importance in the field of strength reinforcement. However, the easy oxidation of MXenes has long been deemed unfavorable for reinforcement in high-temperature processing. Herein, high-shear mixing was used in present work for simple and efficient dispersion of MXenes in copper powders. Partial MXene sheets were also in-situ oxidized to TiO 2 particles to form nail board-like structure reinforcement (NSR) during spark plasma sintering (SPS) process at 600 °C, which allowed one to significantly improve the yield strength of copper matrix by up to 70.3%. Experimental characterization and modeling simulations enabled one to identify second phase strengthening as the main reason for increased yield strength of the composites. In particular, the mechanical engagement of NSR played an important role in strengthening. Meanwhile, the hardness of TiO 2 particles on NSR was found to be higher than that of the copper matrix, leading to enhancement in compressive yield strength. Also, the presence of MXene sheets on NSR slightly reduced the resistance of copper matrix composites . In sum, these findings look promising for designing novel MXene reinforced metal matrix composites with improved mechanical properties.
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JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
·
2023
·Vol. 57
·期 1
·015301
·
IF 3.4
Xiao Zhang,Zhe Xiong,Bin Tang,Chengtao Yang
The rapid advancement of mobile communications technology is imposing greater demands on electronic components. Microwave dielectric ceramics with a high dielectric constant (r) are crucial for the miniaturization and integration of microwave devices. Herein, The perovskite-structured (Ca0.61Nd0.26)1−x(Li0.5Nd0.5)xTiO3 (0 ⩽ x ⩽ 0.8) microwave dielectric ceramics with high r value were prepared by solid-state reaction method. The results demonstrated that the r value reached its peak at x = 0.6, which was influenced by the bond valence at B-sites. The τf and Q× f values decreased with increasing x value. Doping (Li0.5Nd0.5)2+ at A-sites led to an increase in the full width at half maximum of Raman peaks, indicating higher internal loss. A high dielectric constant and temperature-stable (Ca0.61Nd0.26)0.27(Li0.5Nd0.5)0.73TiO3 ceramic can be sintered with good microwave dielectric properties of r = 129.4, Q× f= 2,787 GHz, and τf = +1.9 ppm/°C.
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