APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
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2026
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IF 6.6
Dongfeng Sun,Jiaxin Liu,Yu Kang,Yanning Qu,Yuan Yu,Shukai Ding,Guohui Dong
The widespread application of TiO 2 in photocatalytic hydrogen (H 2 ) evolution is severely hampered by its wide bandgap and rapid charge carrier recombination. Herein, a well-defined yolk-shell TiO 2 @g-C 3 N 4 S-scheme heterojunction was rationally engineered via a facile peroxidation-assisted strategy to significantly enhance photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. The synthesis included stepwise fabrication of a TiO 2 @SiO 2 @g-C 3 N 4 dual-core–shell intermediate, followed by selective etching of the sacrificial SiO 2 interlayer to form the tailored hollow structure. This unique architecture enhances light harvesting via internal scattering, shortens carrier migration distance and facilitates charge separation relying on the spatially confined ultrathin g-C 3 N 4 shell. The optimized TCN-2 photocatalyst achieves a prominent H 2 evolution rate of 134 μmol·g −1 ·h −1 under visible light, which is 6.4 times that of pure TiO 2 . Systematic characterizations (XRD, XPS, TEM, UV–Vis DRS, PL, TRPL, photoelectrochemical and Mott-Schottky analyses) verify the successful heterojunction formation, efficient interfacial charge transfer and favorable internal electric field for S-scheme carrier migration. This work offers a controllable strategy for advanced yolk-shell heterostructures and highlights architectural engineering’s pivotal role in realizing photonic-electronic synergy for high-efficiency solar fuel generation.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2026
·
IF 8.7
Zihao Huang,Jiamin Wang,Jiawei Hou,Haoyue Hou,Kaihui Xu,Hao Yuan,Sa Zeng,Tao Meng
Inorganic nanoparticles with excellent anti-ultraviolet ability such as titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) are extensively utilized in sunscreens to protect against UV-induced skin photodamage and carcinogenesis. However, conventional TiO 2 nanoparticles exhibit inherent photocatalytic activity that generates harmful reactive oxygen species (ROS), which limits their applications as sunscreen. In this work, we firstly apply polysaccharide-polyphenol interaction to the sunscreen application of inorganic UV filters (named TiO 2 -TA-CS). Because of the synergistic effect of corn starch (CS) in enhancing TiO 2 nanoparticles dispersion and blocking ROS, TiO 2 -TA-CS exhibit the enhanced UV absorption and leverages tannic acid (TA) to achieve complete eradication of hydroxyl radicals and superoxide radicals generated by TiO 2 nanoparticles, which superiors to the previous reports of bio-safe sunscreen. Furthermore, the UV absorption capacity of TiO 2 -TA-CS Pickering emulsions is increased by a factor of 2.5 and there is no obvious cytotoxicity in the UV evaluation. Compared with commercial sunscreens, it has lower UV penetration rate and higher SPF value. In vitro studies and cell viability assays collectively confirm the excellent efficacy of the formulated sunscreen in mitigating photoaging and protecting skin cells against UV-induced damage. Therefore, the TiO 2 -TA-CS Pickering emulsions exhibit favorable biocompatibility, high UV protection, and human skin safety, providing a new strategy for sun protection and other medical applications.
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ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2026
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IF 7.6
Dongqi Fan,Zicheng Wang,Yuan Tian,Cheng Wang
Abstract The inherent Li dendrite growth, notorious shuttle effect, and severe redox reaction kinetics of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) impede the feasibility of practical development of lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries. Herein, a bi-functional defect-rich TiO2–x/SrTiO3–x nanocube, embedded in a N-doped carbon (NC) freestanding fabric, was prepared and effectively used as a sulfur host and an interlayer between the separator and lithium anode for Li–S full batteries. The spontaneous formation of a built-in electric field (BIEF) between TiO2–x and SrTiO3–x guides self-driven charge rearrangement, resulting in strong directional LiPS migration to boost sulfur redox kinetics and fast, uniform Li+ transfer to avoid Li dendrite growth. Meanwhile, the introduction of oxygen vacancies can induce a ferroelectric phase and provide more active sites for lithium/sulfur storage. The whole 3D framework, enabled with fast electron/ion transport, reduces the Li nucleation overpotential and lowers the energy barrier for LiPS conversion. Consequently, Li||Li cells with the TiO2–x/SrTiO3–x@NC interlayer cycled stably over 600 h at 5 mA cm–2 and 5 mAh cm–2. Furthermore, Li–S full batteries delivered 1285 mAh g–1 at 0.1 C with merely 0.074% per-cycle capacity decay. Our findings emphasized the efficacy of a defect-rich TiO2–x/SrTiO3–x ferroelectric heterostructure implanted into a 3D conductive framework.
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JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS
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2026
·
IF 6
Yun-Jie Li,Dong Wang,Bi-Xi Wang,Zhen-Yi Du,Wen-Ying Li
Eliminated Ni particle size effects to isolate intrinsic SMSI effects. • Decoupled the roles of Ni sites and interfacial Ni-O v -Ti 3+ sites. • Exposed Ni sites serve as the primary sites for H 2 activation and hydrogenation. • Interfacial Ni-O v -Ti 3+ sites promote oxygenated intermediate deoxygenation. • Balancing Ni encapsulation and oxygen vacancies maximizes HDO activity. Efficient hydrodeoxygenation is essential for upgrading biomass- and coal-derived oils into high-quality fuels. Although strong metal–support interactions (SMSI) have been employed to promote hydrodeoxygenation, how SMSI-induced metal encapsulation and oxygen vacancy generation individually and collectively govern hydrodeoxygenation remains unclear. To eliminate the confounding influence of Ni particle size, a series of Ni@TiO 2− x catalysts with uniform Ni particle sizes but tunable SMSI strengths were engineered through tailored pretreatment strategies. Using a remarkably simple kinetic strategy, the mixed roles of Ni sites and oxygen vacancies were successfully decoupled, proving that Ni encapsulation inhibits hydrogenation while oxygen vacancies drive deoxygenation. Consequently, the catalyst with intermediate SMSI strength strikes an optimal balance by maximizing the density of oxygen vacancies while mitigating excessive metal encapsulation, thereby delivering the highest hydrodeoxygenation activity. Density functional theory calculations further demonstrate that interfacial Ni-O v -Ti 3+ sites enhance the adsorption of oxygenated intermediates and markedly lower the C–O bond activation barrier. The cooperative interplay between exposed metallic Ni sites and interfacial Ni-O v -Ti 3+ sites orchestrates H 2 activation and C–O bond cleavage, thereby enabling efficient hydrodeoxygenation and providing a design principle for SMSI-regulated interfacial catalytic systems. Download: Download high-res image (159KB) Download: Download full-size image
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
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2025
·
IF 5.4
Zheng Li,Jie Li,Jing Guo,Fucheng Guan,Xin Zhang,Qiang Yang,Da Bao,Xinbin Ji,Yihang Zhang,Minghan Li,Jiahao He,Yi Xu
Silver-doped titanium dioxide (Ag-TiO 2 ) demonstrates superior photocatalytic degradation capabilities, making it an ideal material for eliminating organic dyes. In this study, a nanofiber material exhibiting both high-efficiency photocatalytic degradation performance and antibacterial activity was successfully fabricated as polyvinyl alcohol nanofibers modified with protocatechualdehyde and loaded with silver-modified titanium dioxide (Ag-TiO 2 /DPVA NFs). The heterojunction structure of Ag-TiO 2 significantly broadens the visible light absorption range of TiO 2 (from 200 to 350 nm to 200–800 nm). Experimental results indicate that under visible light irradiation, Ag-TiO 2 /DPVA NFs achieved an 89 % degradation rate of Rhodamine B (Rh B) within 6 h (with C/C 0 reduced to 0.11), which is significantly superior to TiO 2 /DPVA NFs. Moreover, Ag-TiO 2 /DPVA NFs exhibited antibacterial rates of 99.1 % against Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) and 98.3 % against Escherichia coli ( E. coli ), demonstrating excellent antibacterial performance. Ultimately, the obtained Ag-TiO 2 /DPVA nanofibers demonstrate great potential for simultaneously achieving photocatalytic and antibacterial applications in the field of applications in water remediation.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2025
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IF 6.3
Wenjie Guo,Jiaping Cai,Yisha Zheng,Wenlong Xiang,Juan Xu,Yanhui Zhang
Titanium dioxide - bismuth oxybromide (TiO 2 -BiOBr) composites were successfully prepared using simple one-step grinding, which not only simplifies the production process but also establishes a solid foundation for mass production. Notably, the morphology of BiOBr synthesized by solvothermal significantly affects the performance of the materials after compounding; however, further investigations revealed that the interfacial effects in these composites were not markedly superior to those prepared using the solid-phase grinding method. The composites fabricated through the grinding technique exhibited substantially enhanced photocatalytic activity compared to those produced by conventional solvothermal. This enhancement can be primarily attributed to the interfacial interactions that promote synergistic catalytic effects between TiO 2 and BiOBr. Moreover, the grinding process roughens the material surface and significantly increases its specific surface area, thereby enhancing light scattering and absorption, and optimizing light utilization. Under visible light conditions, the 5 % TiO 2 -BiOBr composites demonstrates outstanding photocatalytic performance under visible light irradiation, achieving 92 % degradation efficiency for ciprofloxacin (CIP) while maintaining excellent stability across various antibiotics. Furthermore, this material exhibits remarkable CH 4 selectivity in CO 2 photoreduction. Collectively, these findings indicate that the low-cost and high-performance composites synthesized via grinding offer a practical solution for antibiotic wastewater treatment. The novelty of this study lies in the proposal of a low-cost and efficient synthesis method. It points to a new direction for the preparation of photocatalytic materials. This representing a significant advancement in environmental pollution control.
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IONICS
·
2025
·
IF 2.6
Yong Daming,Kang Xiaomeng,Yin Ming,Wu Qichao
First, a spherical Fe 3 O 4 was synthesized using the hydrothermal method, and subsequently coated with carbon to form a core–shell C/Fe 3 O 4 composite. The Fe 3 O 4 core was then dissolved in an etching solution to create a hollow carbon (H-C) structure. This H-C served as a substrate onto which a Fe 3 O 4 layer was deposited via the hydrothermal method, resulting in a hollow core–shell Fe 3 O 4 /C composite. Finally, the solvothermal method was employed to coat the Fe 3 O 4 /C composite with a layer of hydrogenated titanium dioxide (H-TiO 2 ), resulting in a hollow-structured H-TiO 2 /Fe 3 O 4 /C material. This structure not only ensures the formation of a dual-core shell structure, but also reduces the proportion of carbon material in the composite electrode, thereby enhancing the theoretical specific capacity of the composite electrode. The presence of H-TiO 2 and carbon improved the cyclic stability of Fe 3 O 4 within the composite. This hollow sandwich–structured composite demonstrated excellent electrochemical performance, delivering a discharge specific capacity of 629.5 mAh g −1 after 500 cycles at 0.2 A g −1 , along with a high initial coulombic efficiency of 80.6%.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2025
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IF 6.3
Wenqiang Cao,Xiyu He,Xiyang Cai,Qiaodan Hu,Junliang Zhang,Fan Yang
Electrocatalytic nitrate reduction offers a sustainable approach to ammonia synthesis while simultaneously addressing nitrate contamination. Electrocatalysts with high activity, long durability and affordable cost are essential for advancing this field. This study demonstrates that Fe-doped TiO 2 nanoparticles synthesized by a simple hydrothermal route exhibit competitive electrocatalytic performances for nitrate-to-ammonia conversion. A faradaic efficiency (FE) of 82.3 %, an ammonia yield of 5.953 mg·cm −2 ·h −1 , and a selectivity of 85 % can be achieved and maintained in 10 cycles with a total duration of 60 h in alkaline electrolyte. These metrics substantially outperform the pristine TiO 2 . Defect chemistry analysis and DFT calculations reveal that Fe doping creates oxygen vacancies, and introduces impurity energy levels in the bandgap to improve the electrical conductivity of TiO 2 . Fe and oxygen vacancies synergistically modulate the nitrate adsorption energy, and the Fe active site further reduces the energy barrier for the rate-limiting step and suppresses the competing reactions, thereby effectively promoting ammonia synthesis.
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Materials
·
2026
·Vol. 19
·期 11
·2317
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IF 3.7
Jiahui Xu,Xueying Zhang,Xiaohui Ma,Jiachen Liu
High-emissivity coatings on flexible fibrous fabrics are promising thermal-insulation materials for thermal protection systems in hypersonic vehicles. However, the interfacial bonding strength between the high-emissivity coating and the flexible fibrous substrate remains a critical challenge. A high-emissivity double-layer TiO2interlayer modified by metal ions (Mg2+, Co2+, Ni2+, and Zn2+) with high-entropy (M2+@TiO2-HE) coating was developed on an aluminosilicate fiber fabric. The interlayer of the M2+@TiO2-HE coating not only enhances bonding strength through mechanical interlocking but also improves thermal insulation performance by acting as an infrared reflective layer. The bonding strength between the M2+@TiO2-HE coating and the ASFF substrate showed an 183% enhancement compared to that of the single-layer high-emissivity high-entropy coating. Under one-sided heating at 1400 °C, the backside temperature of the coated ASFF stabilizes at 330 °C, which is approximately 50 °C lower than that of the sample with the single-layer high-emissivity high-entropy coating. In the wavelength range of 0.3–2.0 μm, the average reflectivity of the M2+@TiO2coating was 0.70, and in the wavelength range of 1–14 μm, the average emissivity of the M2+@TiO2-HE coating was 0.89. The M2+@TiO2-HE coating with high emissivity and reflectivity enhances both the bonding strength and thermal insulation performance of ASFF, showing its potential for applications in aerospace thermal protection systems.
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Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology
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2022
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IF 0.883
ZHENHUA WANG,ZHIWEI ZHOU,YIFAN LI,WANQIONG NIU,LIJUAN REN
Purpose: To explore the improvement of its low temperature aging resistance by co-doping oral 3Y-TZP with TiO 2 and GeO 2 . Methods: After the samples of 3Y-TZP co-doped with GeO 2 and TiO 2 were prepared by mechanical ball milling, drying, and pressureless sintering, the microstructure was studied by scanning transmission electron microscope, energy spectrometer, and high angle annular dark field detector. After treatment in the autoclave, the conversion of all samples was measured by XRD. Results: After mechanical ball milling for 24 hours, the particle size of the composite powder of 3Y-TZP co-doped with GeO 2 and TiO 2 is uniform, distributed at about 50 nm, the particle shape is basically spherical, the dispersion is good, but there is a small amount of agglomeration; Tetravalent stabilizers (Ge 4 + , Ti 4 + ) can inhibit the low-temperature aging effect of zirconia materials. With the increase of germanium oxide doping, the hydrothermal degradation resistance of zirconia can be improved. GeO 2 doped 3Y-TZP has better low temperature aging resistance than TiO 2 doped 3Y-TZP. With the increase of dopant content, the degree of grain boundary segregation increases, but even if the doping amount of Ge 4 + is small, the degree of grain boundary segregation can be comparable to that of Ti 4 + with a large doping amount. Conclusion: In this paper, the composite powder of 3Y-TZP co-doped with GeO 2 and TiO 2 with uniform particle size and good dispersion was prepared by mechanical ball milling. The preparation process is simple, the energy consumption is low, and the cumbersome processes of the co-precipitation method and liquid-phase method are avoided. On the other hand, adding GeO 2 and TiO 2 can enhance the low-temperature aging resistance of 3Y-TZP ceramics. GeO 2 is superior to TiO 2 in low-temperature degradation resistance, which can be used as the first choice. This study contributes to the research on doping cations of dental zirconia and provides a reference for dentists to choose a reasonable zirconia material.
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CHEMOSPHERE
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2022
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IF 8.943
Yu Jiang,Yu Shang,Wei Zhang,Xiangling Zhang,Jiangyun Li,Senlin Shao
The widely used SiO 2 and TiO 2 nanoparticles (NPs) can accumulate in industrial wastewaters , thereby posing challenge to biological wastewater treatment processes. In this work, the performance of aerobic granular sludge (AGS) reactors fed with wastewater containing 50 mg L −1 SiO 2 and TiO 2 NPs were investigated. The results showed that the granules could resist the NPs in wastewater (no disintegration of granules was observed). SiO 2 NPs had a negative effect on the settleability of granules, with the SVI 30 increased by 64.5% and protein secretion decreased by 29.9%. To the contrary, the settleability of granules was improved in the presence of TiO 2 NPs due to the increase of the protein secretion. Possibly because of the compact and layered structure of granules, in the presence of both types of NPs, no obvious reduction of the overall removal efficiency of organics was found, and nanoparticle-resistant strains were enriched. The overall nitrification and denitrification efficiencies were hardly affected by SiO 2 NPs while significantly inhibited by TiO 2 NPs. Some functional genera, such as Hyphomicrobium and Acidovorax , showed growth inhibition with TiO 2 NPs, which might be responsible for the reduction of nitrification and denitrification efficiencies.
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Biomaterials Advances
·
2026
·
IF 6.7
Jia Chen,Minghui He,Junxiao Li,Yunqi Shen,Xinkun Shen,Min Lai
Excessive oxidative stress and associated inflammation significantly impair bone regeneration around implants. To address this, we developed a novel therapeutic strategy based on metal-polyphenol nanoparticles self-assembled from tannic acid (TA) and manganese ions (Mn 2+ ). These Mn-TA nanoparticles (Mn-TA NPs) were subsequently incorporated into a gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel, which was then applied as a coating onto TiO 2 nanotube (TNT) surfaces by spin coating. The resulting modified titanium was designated as TNT-GelMA@NPs. Surface and interfacial characterization using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), contact angle measurement, spectroscopic ellipsometry and nanoindentation confirmed the successful fabrication of a uniform, adherent hydrogel coating on the TNT surfaces. The coating reduced surface roughness while maintaining hydrophilicity, and achieved sustained Mn 2+ release, as verified via inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). TNT-GelMA@NPs exhibited potent ROS scavenging capacity, protected mitochondrial membrane potential, and upregulated antioxidant genes. Moreover, it promoted macrophage polarization from pro-inflammatory M1 to anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype, thereby creating a favorable osteoimmune microenvironment. Additionally, it promoted osteogenic differentiation by increasing ALP activity, mineralization, and the expression of osteogenic genes. In a rat femoral defect model, TNT-GelMA@NPs implants reduced oxidative damage and inflammation, while enhancing bone formation, as evidenced by histological staining and micro-CT analysis. This study demonstrates that the Mn-TA NP-reinforced hydrogel coating acts as a multifunctional biointerface with excellent potential for advanced implant surface engineering.
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