Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials
·
2024
·Vol. 8
·期 1
·1-13
·
IF 23.2
Wang Yilin,Zhang Yuheng,Du Jian,Tao Yehan,Hu Jinwen,lv Yanna,Lu Jie,Fu Chenglong,Wang Haisong,Yuan Zhanhui
Biodegradable natural cellulose-based foams have received increasing attention in the area of logistical transport, construction, healthcare, and chemicals, whereas the flammability and poor mechanical behaviors of foams restricted its application. Herein, a clean production route was proposed to fabricate biodegradable rice straw fiber foam containing ammonium polyphosphate (APP), phytic acid (PA), and iron ions through simple foam molding technology. The introduction of PA and APP as flame retardants acted as an acid source to form phosphorus-containing carbon layers on the surface of the fiber to achieve flame retardant effect. Moreover, the incorporation of iron ions for cross-linking resulted in the formation of Fe 3+ -APP/PA complexes on fibers, which further improved the mechanical properties and flame retardant of the foams. Compared with pristine LCF, compressive strength of LCF/APP-PA/Fe 3+ was improved by 254.6% and 107.9% in XY and Z directions, respectively. The total heat release and smoke release of LCF/APP-PA/Fe 3+ were reduced by 27.1% and 27.4%, respectively. Moreover, the optimized LCF/APP-PA/Fe 3+ possessed well flame retardancy metrics, which can be directly reflected from the self-extinguishing of flame after removing alcohol lamp. This work presented a novel and versatile green approach to improve the strength and flame retardant properties of renewable wood fiber foams. Fiber foams with properties such as lightweight, high strength, flame retardant, and thermal insulation have promising applications in logistics and transport, construction, healthcare, and chemicals.
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DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER
·
2025
·
IF 4.5
Zhuo-Hang Han,Xin-Jun Li,Bo Tang,Qiang-Wu Tan,Yu-Zhong Wang,Fei Song
Fully bio-based straw composites have garnered significant attention due to the increasing demand for the disposal of straw waste and the reduction of environmental burdens. However, their application in building and construction remains challenging due to concerns over water resistance, thermal insulation, and fire safety. In this study, we demonstrate the development of wheat straw-based bio-composites through combination of sodium alginate (SA) and phytic acid (PA). SA serves as a binder for the straw, while PA functions as a crosslinker for SA as well as a flame-retardant agent, enhancing both the water resistance and fire safety of resulting composites. The composites show structural integrity after soaking in water for more than 100 h and have thermal conductivity as low as 0.043 W/(m·k). The introduction of PA does not compromise the thermal insulation performance while endows enhanced flame retardancy to the composites, providing self-extinguishing behavior through a synergistic flame-retardant effect in both the gas and condensed phases. This work offers a simple yet effect approach for fabricating thermally insulated, water-stable, and fire-safety fully bio-composites based on straw, holding significant potential for applications in building and construction.
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高影响因子
Nanoscale
·
2024
·Vol. 16
·期 9
·4811-4825
·
IF 5.8
Menghan Guo,Wenqing Wang,Bin Zhai,Jingtao Li,Liran Zhang,Jingchun Li,Kexin Luo,Rui Wang
Flammability feature of textiles is a big underlying risk causing fire disasters. The fabrication of reliable fire resistant and quick fire warning fabrics is imperative but challenging. Herein, three types of early fire-warning polyester fabrics, namely, FPP@AM-X, FPP@PM-X and FPP@AX-M1, with good flame retardant and piezoresistive sensing performance were developed by fabricating polyethyleneimine (PEI), ammonium polyphosphate (APP), phytic acid (PA) and MXenes onto phosphorus-containing flame retardant polyethylene terephthalate (FRPET) via polydopamine (PDA) mediated layer-by-layer self-assembly. Owing to the improved thermoelectric properties of MXenes, FPP@A5-M1 exhibited a maximum thermoelectric voltage of 0.59 mV at a temperature difference of 130 °C and can provide an ideal cyclic early fire warning response within 4 s. In addition, due to the synergistic flame retardant effect of MXenes and APP in the coating layer, FPP@A5-M1 could be self-extinguished within 2 s after ignition and the value of peak heat release ratio and total smoke production decreased by 41.9% and 30.4%, respectively. Besides, the MXene-based hybrid coated fabric can detect the movement of human fingers and elbows, illustrating its potential application in piezoresistive tension sensing. This work provides a new route to designing and developing multi-functional and smart fire protection fabrics.
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2024
·
IF 7.7
Zhang Hua,Chang Wu,Xi Luo,Shu-Jin Long,Zheng-Yi Wang,Xian-Wei Cheng,Jin-Ping Guan
The facile development of a sustainable and durable flame-retardant approach for protein silk is of interest. Inspired by silk tin-weighting technology, this study developed a novel and sustainable in-situ deposition strategy based on biomass phytic acid to impart durable flame-retardant performance to silk fabrics. The chemical structure of insoluble chelating precipitation, and the surface morphology, thermal stability, combustion behavior, flame-retardant capacity, laundering resistance, and flame-retardant mode of action of the tin-weighting silk samples, were explored. The Sn-, P-, Si-containing insoluble chelating precipitation formed within the fiber interior and combined with silk fibers through electrostatic attraction and metal salt chelation. As a result, the tin-weighting silk displayed excellent self-extinguishing capacity, with the damaged length reduced to 9.2 cm and the LOI increased to 31.6 %; it also achieved self-extinguishing after 30 washing cycles, demonstrating high flame-retardant efficacy and laundering resistance. Moreover, the tin-weighting silk also showed the obvious suppression in smoke and heat generation by 55.6 % and 35.7 %, respectively. The synergistic charring action of phosphate groups, tin metal salts, and silicates was beneficial for enhancing the fire safety of silk. The tin-weighting treatment also displayed a minor impact on mechanical performance of silk fabrics.
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PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 4.3
Siyuan Xie,Jianwei Wang,Kui Liu,Zhongyuan Guo,Xiaohan Fang,Chenyu Wen,Yufen Xie,Gang Qin,Jia Yang,Qiang Chen
To meet the demands of wearable electronics, flexible supercapacitors based on gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) have attracted significant interest. Herein, a physically cross-linked double network polyvinyl alcohol-sodium alginate-CoSO 4 GPE was developed. The multivalence ion Co 2+ was utilized as charge carrier for the first time, resulting in exceptional conductivity (3.7 S/m). On the other hand, Co 2+ functioned as an ion crosslinker, constructing a double network structure, endowing the GPE with outstanding mechanical properties. Furtherly, polyaniline was in-situ synthesized on the GPE surface to fabricate an integrated supercapacitor. The integrated configuration provided a seamless electrode/electrolyte interface, significantly reducing interface resistance and improving specific capacitance (169 mF/cm 2 ) and energy density (60 μWh/cm 2 ). Notably, benefiting from this unique structure, the supercapacitor exhibited remarkable deformation adaptability and security without slippage and delamination among multilayers. This GPE and integrated supercapacitor offered a novel preparation strategy for wearable energy storage devices, demonstrating application potential in flexible electronics.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2024
·
IF 5.8
Wenye Zhang,Kui Liu,Tao Wang,Yongcun Liu,Wenjie He,Jiaye Pei,Jia Yang,Hanbing Duan,Xiang Yu,Gang Qin,Qiang Chen
Flexible supercapacitors have recently gained great attention in the field of wearable electronics due to their long cycle life, and high efficiency. Herein, an all-in-one flexible supercapacitor is fabricated by in-situ polymerization of PANI on the surface of a fully physical cross-linking polyacrylamide/κ-carrageenan-K + /sodium carboxymethylcellulose-Al 3+ triple network gel polymer electrolyte (GPE). By designing multiple interpenetrating networks and bimetallic ions cross-linking, the GPE displays outstanding mechanical performance. Meanwhile, owing to the dynamic interactions (hydrogen bond, ion coordination and thermoreverisible transition of KC) among different polymer chains, the GPE exhibits remarkable self-healing properties. Additionally, the all-in-one configuration accelerates ion transport at electrode-electrolyte interface and provides extremely low interface resistance, which endows the supercapacitor with excellent capacitance performance (254.58 mF/cm 2 ) and energy density (59.81 μWh/cm 2 ). Thanks to the unique integrated structure, the device avoids the slippage among multilayers and shows splendid electrochemical stability even under various physical deformations. More importantly, the all-in-one supercapacitor displays superior safety, self-healing and low temperature properties (85 % capacitance retention after 8 cutting/healing cycles even at −20 °C) due to the multi-function GPE. This simple and versatile strategy for constructing the all-in-one supercapacitors will offer broad prospects for designing energy storage devices in wearable electronics.
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高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2025
·
IF 8.5
Hong Zeng,Huihui Ma,Lina Xu,Jianliang Gao,Manqing Yan,Qiyang Wang
Conductive hydrogels with exceptional mechanical properties have received extensive attention in flexible strain sensors. However, there is still a huge challenge in the preparation of hydrogels with high toughness, conductivity and frost resistance performance. In this study, the prepared PA-PAAM-CS (PPAC) composite hydrogels were obtained by incorporating phytic acid (PA) and chitosan (CS) into poly(acrylamide- co -stearyl methacrylate) (PAAM) polymer network. The as-prepared PPAC composite hydrogel has exhibited good mechanical properties, good electrical conductivity, frost resistance and good strain sensitivity. The flexible strain sensor assembled by the fabricated PPAC hydrogel can be used to detect human motion, including small and huge human motion, showing good sensitivity and stability in a wide temperature range. Meanwhile, the hydrogels based pressure sensors as writing board have exhibited good sensitivity to tiny changes in writing various letters. Therefore, the prepared hydrogel will have broad application prospects in wearable devices, electronic skin and multifunctional sensor components.
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PubMed
高影响因子
Polymers
·
2024
·Vol. 16
·期 11
·1557
·
IF 4.7
An Wei,Shunxiang Wang,Yongjin Zou,Cuili Xiang,Fen Xu,Lixian Sun
To broaden the applications of wood, it is necessary to prepare flame-retardant coatings that can protect wood substrates during combustion. In this study, a bio-based, intumescent, flame-retardant phytic acid–melamine polyelectrolyte (PM) was prepared using phosphorus-rich biomass phytic acid and nitrogen-rich melamine as raw materials through an ion crosslinking reaction. Subsequently, a series of bio-based, flame-retardant wood coatings were prepared by optimizing the structure of urea–formaldehyde resin with the addition of melamine, sodium lignosulfonate, and PM as a flame-retardant curing agent. Woods coated with PM-containing coatings displayed significantly improved flame-retardant performances in comparison to uncoated woods. For PM-cured woods, the measured values of total heat release and total smoke production were 91.51% and 57.80% lower, respectively, compared with those of uncoated wood. Furthermore, the fire growth index decreased by 97.32%, indicating a lower fire hazard. This increase in flame retardancy and smoke suppression performance is due to the dense expanded carbon layer formed during the combustion of the coating, which isolates oxygen and heat. In addition, the mechanical properties of the flame-retardant coatings cured with PM are similar to those cured with a commercial curing agent, NH4Cl. In addition, the prepared flame-retardant coating can also stain the wood. This study proves the excellent flame-retarding and curing effect of ammonium phytate in urea–formaldehyde resin coatings and provides a new approach for the application of bio-based flame retardants in wood coatings.
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PubMed
高影响因子
Polymers
·
2024
·Vol. 16
·期 13
·1761
·
IF 4.7
An Wei,Meifeng Ou,Shunxiang Wang,Yongjin Zou,Cuili Xiang,Fen Xu,Lixian Sun
Urea–formaldehyde (UF) resin is the most widely used adhesive resin. However, it is necessary to improve its flame-retardant performance to expand its applications. In this study, exploiting electrostatic interactions, anionic phytic acid and cationic chitosan were combined to form a bio-based intumescent flame-retardant, denoted phytic acid–chitosan polyelectrolyte (PCS). The molecular structure of the urea–formaldehyde resin was optimized by crosslinking with melamine and plasticizing with polyvinyl alcohol-124. Thus, by combining PCS with the urea–formaldehyde resin and with ammonium polyphosphate and ammonium chloride as composite curing agents, flame-retardant urea–formaldehyde resins (FRUFs) were prepared. Compared to traditional UF resin, FRUF showed excellent flame retardancy and not only reached the UL-94 V-0 level, but the limit of oxygen index was also as high as 36%. Compared to those of UF, the total heat release and peak heat release rate of FRUF decreased by 86.44% and 81.13%, respectively. The high flame retardancy of FRUF originates from the combination of oxygen and heat isolation by the dense carbon layer, quenching of phosphorus free radicals, and dilution of oxygen by a non-flammable gas. In addition, the mechanical properties of the FRUF remained good, even after modification. The findings of this study provide a reference for the flame-retardant application of FRUF for applications in multiple fields.
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PubMed
高影响因子
European Journal of Wood and Wood Products
·
2025
·Vol. 83
·期 2
·1-12
·
IF 2.5
Li Peisheng,Xu Jiayu,Pan Anbo,Jiang Mingyue,Xu Yantao,Zhang Xiaochun
With the rapid development of the economy and society, problems such as high resource consumption and serious environmental pollution in traditional reinforced concrete buildings are becoming increasingly prominent. Bamboo scrimber is an effective substitute for green building materials, but there are some problems such as susceptibility to mildew and poor flame retardancy, which limit its application in the building industry. In this study, the alkaline pretreatment process was used to remove some nutrients from bamboo to improve mildew resistance, and phytic acid and magnesium hydroxide were loaded on the surface of the bamboo bundle to enhance the flame retardancy. The results showed that phytic acid and magnesium hydroxide could be effectively loaded on the surface of bamboo bundles, and the mechanical strength, mildew resistance, and flame retardancy of modified bamboo scrimber (M10-PB) have been effectively improved. Compared with unmodified bamboo scrimber, the flexural strength and flexural modulus of M10-PB increased by 33.72% and 36.61% to 155.26 MPa and 14.59 GPa, respectively; the mold infection rate has decreased from 100% at 5 d to below 20% at 28 d; the limiting oxygen index of M10-PB bamboo scrimber increased by 13.2%, and the total smoke emission decreased by 54.4%. This method can effectively improve the mildew resistance, flame retardancy and smoke suppression of bamboo scrimber while maintaining high mechanical strength, which helps to promote the application of bamboo in the construction field.
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高影响因子
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
·
2025
·
IF 7.4
Chao Yan,Yiqun Fang,Ruofan Yang,Mengfan Yan,Weihong Wang,Yongming Song,Qingwen Wang
The development of efficient, eco-friendly and cost-effective transparent fire-retardant coatings is crucial for maximizing the value of wood resources. In this study, an all-biobased flame retardant (PA-CS) was synthesized from corn starch (CS) and phytic acid (PA). A modified melamine resin (MFGT) with intrinsic flame-retardant properties was prepared by incorporating melamine, formaldehyde, allyl glycidyl ether, and tannic acid. The resulting MFGT@xPA-CS system demonstrated excellent thermal stability and low curing activation energy. Additionally, the system was used on the surface of wood and demonstrated good transparency, outstanding flame retardancy, smoke suppression, and char-forming ability. Cone calorimeter tests revealed that the peak heat release rate (PHRR) of [email protected] decreased by 31.12%, and total smoke production was reduced by 48.03%. Additionally, the residual char increased from 34.93% (c-MFGT) to 43.25% ( [email protected] ), and the I D /I G ratio of the residual char decreased by 40.58% from 3.08 (c-MFGT) to 1.83 ( [email protected] ). Gas-phase and condensed-phase pyrolysis products revealed synergistic effects between the phosphorus in PA-CS and the nitrogen in MFGT. Based on these results, a potential flame-retardant mechanism was proposed. This study presents a novel strategy for developing transparent intumescent flame-retardant coatings and broadens the application of biomass-based flame retardants.
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高影响因子
REACTIVE & FUNCTIONAL POLYMERS
·
2024
·
IF 4.5
Runying Gao,Xindan Yi,Xinyu Liu,Haojie Wang,Lingzhi Wang,Birong Zeng,Guorong Chen,Yiting Xu,Conghui Yuan,Lizong Dai
In order to endow polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film with the functionalities of highly-effective flame retardancy and optical properties, the strategy of doping phosphorus into carbon quantum dots (CQDs) and then using the P-containing CQDs as flame retardant is worthy investigating. In this work, m -phenylenediamine (MPD), 2-carboxyl ethyl(phenyl)phosphinic acid (HPP) and phytanic acid (PA) were used as carbon source and phosphorus sources to synthesize three kinds of CQDs, which were named as MPD-CQDs, MPD-HPP-CQDs and MPD-PA-CQDs respectively. Subsequently, the CQDs-PVA composite films were prepared by blending CQDs with PVA solution through casting process, the flame retardancy and UV shielding properties of the PVA-CQDs composite films were tested by kinds of techniques such as vertical burning tests (UL-94), limited oxygen index (LOI), UV–visible spectroscopy and so on. In addition, the residual char structure of the composite films was investigated by SEM and EDS. The results showed that compared with phosphorus-free MPD-CQDs, the two P-containing CQDs, both MPD-HPP-CQDs and MPD-PA CQDs, produced better flame-retardant effect on the PVA film. As the percentage of phosphorus increased, the flame retardancy of CQDs-PVA composite film greatly enhanced. When 15% MPD-HPP-CQDs and 15% MPD-PA-CQDs were added to PVA, the LOI value of MPD-HPP-CQDs-PVA and MPD-PA-CQDs-PVA was 27.8% and 31.5% respectively, meanwhile, the UL-94 rating reached VTM-1 and VTM-0, respectively. Due to the intact layer of P-containing condensed phase, the gas diffusion and oxygen transportation were hindered, which slowed down the combustion and promoted the further carbonation. In addition, both MPD-HPP-CQDs-PVA and MPD-PA-CQDs-PVA composite films exhibited good UV shielding properties without affecting the transparency of PVA itself.
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高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）