ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH
·
2026
·Vol. 48
·期 10
·422
·
IF 4.3
Wen Kunyu,Wang Mengjie,Wang Bin,Yin Yiwen,Ma Yanbin,Lu Taotao,Miao Renhui,Qi Zhichong
Silica-based nanomaterials have shown promise for remediating heavy metal-contaminated soils. However, their remediation stability may be compromised by natural and anthropogenic activities such as rainfall and irrigation. This work systematically investigates the leaching behavior of Cd from soils amended with unmodified SiO 2 and thiol-functionalized SiO 2 (SH-SiO 2 ) nanoparticles, along with nanoparticle-mediated Cd release and transport through soil porous media. The results demonstrated that the leaching concentrations of Cd 2+ from the soil remediated by SH-SiO 2 were the least and followed the order of SH-SiO 2 < SiO 2 ≈ control (untreated Cd-contaminated soil) under simulated acid rain conditions (pH 5.6). This confirms that thiol-functionalized silica effectively immobilizes Cd due to its strong chelating ability. However, co-transport experiments revealed that both SiO 2 and SH-SiO 2 nanoparticles could act as carriers that enhanced Cd 2+ transport, governed by their Cd-binding capacity and intrinsic mobility over a pH range of 5.0–8.0, with greater facilitation at higher pH levels. Notably, SH-SiO 2 exhibited a much stronger facilitation effect, attributable to its higher affinity for Cd 2+ , greater mobility in porous media, and resistance to desorption of SH-SiO 2 -bound Cd 2+ . At a nanoparticle concentration of 50 mg/L, the maximum breakthrough of Cd 2+ reached 10.1% for SiO 2 and 75.2% for SH-SiO 2 . While SH-SiO 2 demonstrates excellent Cd immobilization capacity and acid-rain resistance, any disturbance that remobilizes these nanoparticles may facilitate the mobility of Cd 2+ , potentially expanding the scope of heavy metal contamination. Therefore, when applying remediation agents for soil rehabilitation, it is crucial to consider their long-term effectiveness and stability.
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PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
·
2026
·
IF 7.9
Yuping Zhang,Shilei Wang,Ren Xiao,Shengyang Zou,Minghui Wang,Shilin Zhao,Jun Ma,Xiaoting Li,Yang Liao
Composite pollution arising from the coexistence of heavy metals and organic compounds in environmental systems is becoming increasingly prevalent. However, the marked differences in physicochemical properties between these two categories of pollutants render conventional materials inadequate for their simultaneous and efficient removal. In this study, a novel aminated biochar (NBC) was synthesized using water hyacinth as feedstock and triethylenetetramine as the modifying agent to achieve concurrent removal of Cd(II) and 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP). The results demonstrate that NBC achieves removal efficiencies of 94.6% for Cd(II) and 92.8% for 2,4-DCP. Compared with pristine biochar, NBC exhibits a rougher surface, an enlarged specific surface area, and abundant –NH 2 and –CH 2 – functional groups. Mechanistic investigations reveal that the –NH 2 groups are capable of forming coordination bonds with Cd(II), while simultaneously engaging in N–H···O hydrogen bonding with the phenolic hydroxyl groups of 2,4-DCP. The –CH 2 – crosslinked framework confers excellent structural stability, as evidenced by sustained removal efficiencies of 80.34% and 75.67% for the two pollutants after eight regeneration cycles. Moreover, the 2,4-DCP adsorbed on the material surface can act as a π-electron donor, establishing cation–π interactions with free Cd(II) in solution, which further enhances the overall removal performance. This study offers a viable strategy for the simultaneous remediation of heavy metals and organic pollutants in complex environmental matrices. Download: Download high-res image (202KB) Download: Download full-size image
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MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 5.2
Yihua Zhang,Sheng Xu,Wenting Li,Zhenghao Li,Jiali Cao,Lingli Liu,Jinlong Cui,Meng Cao,Heng Liu
A Cd(II)-imprinted electrochemical sensor based on CA-rGO/CS was constructed. • An extremely low detection limit of 0.05 μg/L was achieved. • The sensor exhibited excellent selectivity toward Cd(II) among interfering ions. • River water samples could be directly analyzed with high recovery rates (95%–102%). An ion-imprinted electrochemical sensor based on Cysteamine (CA)-reduced graphene oxide/chitosan (IIP/CA-rGO/CS/GCE) composite was constructed for the highly sensitive and selective detection of Cd(II) in aqueous solutions. The electrochemical performance of the sensor was systematically investigated using techniques such as cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and its detection efficiency in real water samples was evaluated. Experimental results indicated that this functional sensor exhibited a very wide linear detection range of 0.1–160 μg/L and an extremely low detection limit of 0.05 μg/L for Cd(II). It demonstrated excellent recovery rates (95%–102%) and good repeatability (relative standard deviation, RSD ≤ 3.86%) in real water samples. Additionally, this sensor combines high sensitivity, high selectivity, and outstanding adaptability to real-world samples, providing an innovative and efficient approach for the electrochemical analysis of heavy metal ions. Download: Download high-res image (116KB) Download: Download full-size image
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ACS Food Science & Technology
·
2026
·Vol. 6
·期 8
·2570-2583
·
IF 3
He Wanjun,Lv Danyu,Wu Qingxiao,Xu Huanyu,Guan Yongguang,Zeng Xin-An
Litchi
( L. chinensis Sonn.) is a
perishable fruit that is vulnerable to oxidative browning and fungal
infection. Herein, ferulic acid and natamycin were chosen as the antioxidant
and antimycotic agents, respectively. To improve their water solubility,
we used CD-MOF-1 to encapsulate ferulic acid. Meanwhile, natamycin
was encapsulated with gum arabic and pullulan. The most homogeneous
and stable natamycin nanocapsules were fabricated through stirring
0.5 mg/mL natamycin using 2.5% (w/v) gum arabic-pullulan (1:1, w/w,
1.25% each) in water. The main encapsulation mechanisms of ferulic
acid and natamycin were electrostatic interactions between the carboxyl
groups of ferulic acid and K + ions from CD-MOF-1 and hydrophobic
interactions between the macrocyclic lactone ring of natamycin and
the protein part of gum arabic, respectively. In addition, pullulan
was indispensable for stabilizing natamycin. The antioxidant and antifungal
composite sol presented 99.85% oxidation inhibition and 79.06% mycelial
growth inhibition and effectively delayed the oxidative browning and
fungal decay on litchi pericarps.
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ACS Applied Energy Materials
·
2026
·
IF 5.5
Zhongshuo Li,Tingting Zhang,Zhangheng Lai,Yutao Mo,Zhengmao Luo,Ning Qi,Zhiquan Chen
SnTe is widely recognized as a promising alternative to environmentally harmful PbTe for thermoelectric applications at moderate and high temperatures. Nevertheless, due to the ultrahigh hole concentration as well as lattice thermal conductivity, the thermoelectric performance of pure SnTe is greatly constrained. In our work, a novel strategy was put forward to optimize the relatively poor thermoelectric performance of SnTe by simultaneously incorporating In2Se3 and Cd. The Seebeck coefficient was apparently improved through the whole temperature range originating from the introduction of resonant energy levels achieved by In doping, while lattice thermal conductivity was decreased to a relatively low level of ∼0.49 W m–1 K–1 at 873 K, owing to a decrease in sound velocity and strong scattering on phonon caused by nanopores and dislocations after doping. Profiting from the synergistic optimization thermoelectric performance strategies, a peak zT of 1.32 at 873 K was achieved in Sn0.96Cd0.04Te+1%In2Se3, which represents a remarkable 89% increase over pristine SnTe. And an average zT of 0.66 from 303 to 873 K was also obtained. Our work provides a new strategy for multifunctional synergistic modulation of the thermoelectric properties of SnTe-based materials.
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ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2025
·
IF 5.6
Haoqi Liang,Yutong Yang,Yijia Wang,Zejun Deng
Escalating aquatic contamination by toxic heavy metal ions (HMIs) urgently requires field-deployable electrochemical sensors surpassing traditional methods. This work proposed a controllable synthesis of cobalt-embedded nitrogen-doped carbon/carboxyl-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube (Co@NC/CMWCNTs) composites through in situ growth of ZIF-67 on CMWCNTs, followed by optimized carbonization. CMWCNTs-directed morphological evolution was systematically demonstrated, revealing that with increasing CMWCNT ratios, the ZIF-67 crystallite size underwent an initial increase and later decay, and after carbonization, a unique knot-like interpenetrating architecture was formed with CMWCNTs as bridges and Co@NC as nodes. This synergistic structure significantly enhanced electrical conductivity and electrocatalytic activity, as evidenced by electrochemical characterization. Compared to the glassy carbon electrode (GCE), the Co@NC/CMWCNTs/GCE sensor exhibited a 12-fold reduction in charge transfer resistance (28.3 Ω vs. 346.8 Ω), a 21% larger electroactive surface area, and rapid heterogeneous electron transfer kinetics of 3.8 × 10⁻³ cm s -1 . The composite sensor allowed simultaneous detection of Cd²⁺, Pb²⁺, Cu²⁺, and Hg²⁺ in 0.1 M NaAc-HAc buffer (pH 4.5) with high sensitivities (169.7, 199.0, 135.9 and 108.0 μA·μM⁻¹ cm -2 ), low detection limits (40.0, 40.5, 87.5 and 106.2 nM) and observed cross-interference within 10%. This work establishes a materials design paradigm for MOF-derived electrochemical sensors for low-cost on-site environmental monitoring of HMIs.
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SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
·
2025
·
IF 4.9
Ziwen Qin,Bo Nan,Lin Zhang
The detection of toxic heavy metal ions, such as cadmium (Cd 2 + ) and lead (Pb 2+ ), is crucially important due to their environmental persistence and severe health risks. While multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) hold potential for electrochemical sensing, their practical application is hindered by aggregation tendencies and limited analyte affinity. To address these limitations, a composite utilizing polydopamine-functionalized MWCNTs (PDA@MWCNTs) was developed. This material synergistically enhances dispersion stability and improves metal ion capture capabilities. Based on this composite, an electrochemical sensor was fabricated for simultaneous detection of Cd 2+ and Pb 2+ . Sensor characterization using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) demonstrated good performance, achieving high sensitivity and selectivity. Low detection limits of 0.21 nM for Cd 2+ and 0.13 nM for Pb 2+ were attained, enabling reliable simultaneous quantification. The electrochemical sensor’s practical utility was validated through accurate measurements in lake water sample and complex herbal medicine matrices, highlighting its applicability for environmental monitoring and food safety. This platform offers distinct advantages including simple fabrication, cost-effectiveness, and sub-nanomolar sensitivity necessary for regulatory compliance.
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Nanoscale Research Letters
·
2012
·Vol. 7
·期 1
·1-7
·
IF 2.726
Zhang Jun,Zhao Su-Qing,Zhang Kun,Zhou Jian-Qing,Cai Yan-Fei
In the present work, ZnO quantum dots (QDs) have been prepared by the sol–gel method, and the performance of the QDs has been improved. The effect of Cd concentration on the structural and luminescent properties of the QDs, as well as the effect of the mass ratio of trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO)/octadecylamine (ODA), has been investigated. The ZnO and Cd-doped ZnO QDs have hexagonal wurtzite structures and are 3 to 6 nm in diameter. When the Cd content was increased, the QD particle size was reduced; this effect was confirmed in the corresponding ultraviolet–visible spectra. The fluorescence intensity was simultaneously enhanced significantly. Both the UV and fluorescence spectra were blue-shifted. The luminous intensity was further enhanced when the QDs were modified with TOPO/ODA. Fourier transform infrared and X-ray diffraction techniques proved that the polymer successfully coated the surfaces of the QDs. A TOPO/ODA mass ratio of 1:2 was determined to result in the best optical performance among the different ratios examined. The results showed that the described synthetic method is appropriate for the preparation of doped QDs with high-fluorescence quantum efficiency.
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Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2026
·Vol. 14
·期 1
·121008
·
IF 7.2
Bihe Chen,Ruoshan Yang,Mengyang Li,Yajing Niu,Jinyao Hu,Yingying Wang,Wenzhi Tang,Jingbo Zhou,Zhonghong Li
The threat of Pb(II) and Cd(II) in water demands advanced adsorbents. While metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have demonstrated great potential for heavy metal ions adsorption, their microporous nature and powdery form limit practicality. Thus, we engineered a sodium alginate composite aerogel bead loaded with salicylic acid-modified defective NH 2 -MIL-125, for the efficient removal of Pb(II) and Cd(II) from aqueous solutions. By adjusting the solvent volume ratio to regulate the crystal morphology and introducing salicylic acid as a fragmented ligand to compete with NH 2 -BDC to coordinate with Ti-oxo clusters, a defective Ti-MOFs with mesoporous structure (pore size increased from 2.30 to 8.93 nm) and abundant active sites was successfully developed. Further integration with sodium alginate formed millimeter-scale aerogel beads, improving the reusability and enhancing adsorption performance: the maximum adsorption capacities of 428.01 mg g −1 for Pb(II) and 179.67 mg g −1 for Cd(II), respectively. The adsorption process, described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic and Sips isotherm models, is driven by multilayer chemical adsorption via electrostatic attraction, ion exchange and coordination reactions with −COOH, −NH 2 and −OH groups. The beads also exhibit excellent selectivity and reusability, maintaining high efficiency of ∼97 % for Pb(II) over 5 cycles. This work provides a promising strategy for designing high-performance and recyclable adsorbents for adsorbing heavy metal ions from water.
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INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
·
2026
·
IF 4.6
Chen-Yuan Ma,Xin-Mei Zeng,Jia-Tong Li,Xing-Yu Bi,Zhi Fang,Mei-Hong Duan
High-performance birefringent crystals are crucial for advancing modern optics. Regrettably, conventional birefringent crystals are usually limited by narrow transmission windows or insufficient birefringence. Recognizing that birefringence originates from structural anisotropy, we herein assembled anisotropic π-conjugated urea ligands through a cadmium-based open framework. By leveraging the distorted Cd-based octahedra and urea-derived hydrogen-bonding network, a novel birefringent crystal, Cd[C(NH2)2O]2Cl2, was successfully obtained. Cd[C(NH2)2O]2Cl2 was characterized by a characteristic 4 × 4 × 6 open-framework skeleton, wherein the repeating building unit {Cd[C(NH2)2O]2Cl4} is constructed by the oxygen sharing between distorted CdCl4O2 octahedra and planar [C(NH2)2O] groups. Notably, Cd[C(NH2)2O]2Cl2 achieved an excellent balance between wide bandgap and substantial optical anisotropy by exhibiting a short UV cutoff edge of 201 nm and a birefringence of 0.117@546 nm, which should benefit practical applications.
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WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION
·
2026
·Vol. 237
·期 8
·496
·
IF 3.5
Tang Chuiyun,Yao Jun,Liu Xingyu,Lv Ying,Liu Jianli,Masakorala K.
Blast furnace slag (BFS) is an industrial by-product that generates large volumes of waste and poses potential environmental risks, necessitating its safe utilization. In this study, iron (hydr)oxide modified blast furnace slag (FBFS) was prepared by loading iron (hydro)oxides onto BFS for the remediate of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) from aqueous solutions and soil. This adsorbent not only provides a novel approach for valorizing BFS but also prevents the agglomeration of iron (hydr)oxide particles, resulting in more surface functional groups (such as Fe–O and –OH) and an increased specific surface area. The results showed that the adsorption process of Pb fit the PSO and Langmuir models, and that of Cd followed the Elovich and Langmuir models. The maximum adsorption capacities of Pb and Cd by FBFS2 and FBFS6 in single-component system were 352.93, 395.15, and 112.34, 119.04 mg·g −1 , respectively. In binary system, Pb exhibited a stronger inhibitory effect on Cd adsorption. The underlying mechanisms, including ion exchange, complexation, precipitation, and flocculation. In addition, FBFS significantly reduced the bioavailability of Pb, Cd and Zn in the soil, decreased by 20.03%, 45.86% and 58.75%, respectively. This study suggests that FBFS is a promising candidate for the simultaneous remediation of heavy metals in both aqueous solution and contained soil.
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ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
·
2022
·Vol. 30
·期 5
·12608-12617
·
IF 5.19
Wu Menglan,Liu Bo,Li Jun,Su Xintai,Liu Weizhen,Li Xiaoqin
Pyrolysis of sludge to biochar can not only reduce the sludge volume, toxic organic compound, and pathogens, but also be applied as effective adsorbents. However, the immobilization of heavy metals in the sludge and the properties of the biochar greatly rely on the pyrolysis temperature. In this paper, municipal sludge biochar (SBC) was prepared from 400 to 1000 °C. Pyrolysis immobilized heavy metals in sludge and the potential ecological risk of heavy metals significantly decreased to low level at temperature above 500 °C. At 700 °C, the adsorption capacity of Cd(II) reached a maximum (120.24 mg·g −1 ). The Cd(II) adsorption fitted the Pseudo-second-order model, indicating the existence of chemical adsorption. The adsorption capacity increased along with the initial pH and slowed down after pH reached 5.5. The existence of coexisting cations (Ca 2+ and Na + ) and anions (SO 4 2− and NO 3 − ) displayed different degree of inhibitory action on Cd(II) adsorption. The SEM, XRD, FTIR, and XPS analysis of sludge biochar before and after adsorption revealed that there were CdCO 3 , CdSO 4 , Cd 2 SiO 4 , Cd 3 (PO 4 ) 2 , and Cd 9 (PO 4 ) 6 appearing on the surface of sludge biochar, suggesting that the adsorption of Cd(II) by SBC included co-precipitation, ion exchange, coordination with π electrons, and complexation. It was confirmed that different properties formed by pyrolysis temperature made a difference in adsorption mechanism of sludge biochar.
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