Materials
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2018
·Vol. 11
·期 11
·2112
·
IF 2.467
Meng Wu,Bingxin Wang,Qianku Hu,Libo Wang,Aiguo Zhou
The effect of etching solution on the synthesis process of two-dimensional vanadium carbide (V2C MXene) was researched. Three etching solutions were used to etch ternary carbide V2AlC at 90 °C. The three solutions were: lithium fluoride + hydrochloric acid (LiF + HCl), sodium fluoride + hydrochloric acid (LiF + HCl), and potassium fluoride + hydrochloric acid (KF + HCl). It was found that only NaF + HCl solution was effective for synthesizing highly pure V2C MXene. The existence of sodium (Na+) and chloridion (Cl−) in etching solution was essential for the synthesis. The thermal stability of the as-prepared V2C MXene in argon or air was studied. From thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis, V2C MXene was found to be stable in argon atmosphere at a temperature of up to 375 °C. As the temperature increased, V2C MXene was gradually oxidized to form nanoparticles composed of vanadium trioxide (V2O3) and a part of V2C MXene was broken and transformed to vanadium carbide (V8C7) at 1000 °C. In air atmosphere, V2C MXene was stable at 150 °C. At 1000 °C, V2C MXene was oxidized to form vanadium pentoxide (V2O5).Keywords:MXene;V2C;synthesis;thermal stability
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Materials
·
2018
·Vol. 11
·期 11
·2335
·
IF 2.467
Lina Wang,Benbing Shi
In this study, imidazolium brushes tethered by –NH2-containing ligands were grafted onto the surface of a 2D material, MXene, using precipitation polymerization followed by quaternization. Functionalized MXene was embedded into chitosan matrix to prepare a hybrid alkaline anion exchange membrane. Due to high interfacial compatibility, functionalized MXene was homogeneously dispersed in chitosan matrix, generating continuous ion conduction channels and then greatly enhancing OH−conduction property (up to 172%). The ability and mechanism of OH−conduction in the membrane were elaborated based on systematic tests. The mechanical-thermal stability and swelling resistance of the membrane were evidently augmented. Therefore, it is a promising anion exchange membrane for alkaline fuel cell application.Keywords:functionalized MXene;chitosan;anion exchange membrane;hydroxide conductivity;alkaline fuel cell
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ACS Nano
·
2019
·
IF 13.903
Xifan Chen,Yuanzhi Zhu,Miao Zhang,Jinyi Sui,Wenchao Peng,Yang Li,GuoLiang Zhang,Fengbao Zhang,Xiaobin Fan
MXenes, a family of two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal carbide and nitride materials, are supposed to be promising pseudocapacitive materials because of their high electronic conductivity and hydrophilic surfaces. MXenes, prepared by removing the “A” elements of their corresponding MAX phases by hydrofluoric acid (HF) or LiF–HCl etching, possess abundant terminal groups like −F, −OH, and −O groups. It has been proven that the MXenes with fewer −F terminal groups and more −O groups showed a higher pseudocapacitor performance. In organic reactions, −OH and −X (X = halogen) groups could turn to ether groups in strong nucleophilic reagent. Inspired by that, herein, we report an n-butyllithium-treated method to turn the −F and −OH terminal groups to −O groups on the Ti3C2Tx MXenes. Two types of Ti3C2Tx MXenes prepared by either HF or LiF–HCl etching were systematically investigated, and a comparison with the traditional KOH/NaOH/LiOH-treated method was also carried out. It is found that most of the −F terminal groups on the Ti3C2Tx MXenes can be successfully removed by n-butyllithium, and abundant −O terminal groups were formed. The n-butyllithium-treated Ti3C2Tx MXenes show promising applications in high-performance pseudocapacitors. A record high capacitance of 523 F g–1 at 2 mV s–1 was obtained for the n-butyllithium-treated Ti3C2Tx MXenes, and 96% capacity can remain even after 10 000 cycles.
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RSC Advances
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2018
·Vol. 8
·期 69
·39742-39748
·
IF 2.936
Jinfeng Yan,Yanan Ma,Chuankun Zhang,Xingxing Li,Weizhi Liu,Xinyu Yao,Shuai Yao,Shijun Luo
Recently, more and more researchers have devoted their efforts to developing flexible electrochemical energy storage devices to meet the development of portable and wearable electronics. Among them, supercapacitors (SCs) have been widely studied due to their high specific capacitance and power density. However, most flexible SCs often use traditional carbon materials and transition metal oxides as electrode materials. In this paper, we used an easy and low-cost way to fabricate a flexible supercapacitor based on a new type of two-dimensional material, transition metal carbides, nitrides, or carbonitrides (MXenes). By taking full advantage of the hydrophilicity and metal conductivity of MXene nanosheets, an extremely simple “dipping and drying” method was used to achieve conductive textile electrodes with a specific capacitance of 182.70 F g−1, which is higher than reported for carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and active carbon. To further improve the capacitive performance of the MXene-based electrode and avoid the poor oxygen oxidation of MXene, polypyrrole (PPy) was electrochemically deposited on the surface of MXene textiles, thus producing a PPy–MXene coated textile electrode with a specific capacitance of 343.20 F g−1. In addition, a symmetrical solid-state supercapacitor based on MXene–PPy textiles was assembled, which achieved an energy density of 1.30 mW h g−1 (power density = 41.1 mW g−1). This work introduces a new type of MXene-based textile SC, which provides a promising candidate for flexible and wearable energy storage devices.
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2018
·
IF 3.057
Yajing Wang,Jiankang Wang,Guokang Han,Chunyu Du,Qihuang Deng,Yunzhi Gao,Geping Yin,Ying Song
Carbon support used in commercial Pt/C commonly suffers from corrosion under harsh electrooxidation environment endowed by anodic potential. An alternative support with superior electric conductivity and stable structure should be developed. Herein, Ti 3 C 2 MXene was synthesized as support to immobilize Pt nanoparticles due to its fascinating stable layered structure, and metallic property. Used as electrocatalyst for methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) for the first time, as-prepared Pt/Ti 3 C 2 MXene showed much enhanced electrocatalytic activity for methanol oxidation, as unraveled by its peak current density of 1.137 mA/cm 2 , nearly three times larger than that of Pt/C (0.388 mA/cm 2 ). Moreover, it also exhibited long-term stability even running for 2 h. In addition, Pt/Ti 3 C 2 MXene was able to catalyze electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in 0.5 M H 2 SO 4 solution with only 7 mV overpotential at − 10 mA/cm 2 , obviously lower than that of Pt/C (17 mV). The improved MOR and HER activity of Pt/Ti 3 C 2 MXene could be assigned to the unique stable 2D nanosheet structure, excellent electric conductivity, strong binding strength as well as electronic effect between Pt and Ti 3 C 2 MXene. This work widens the application of Ti 3 C 2 MXene in the field of methanol oxidation and hydrogen evolution reaction.
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2017
·
IF 2.986
Aihu Feng,Yun Yu,Feng Jiang,Yong Wang,Le Mi,Yang Yu,Lixin Song
MXene , a new family of 2D transition metal carbides and carbonitrides , has been proved to possess excellent electrical conductivity and hydrophilicity. In this work, a single-step method to produce the larger interplanar spacing 2D MXene Ti 3 C 2 by etching Ti 3 AlC 2 with NH 4 HF 2 was demonstrated, and the optimal reaction conditions between Ti 3 AlC 2 and NH 4 HF 2 were systematically researched. The morphology and microstructure of samples were characterized by scanning electron smicroscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD). The thermal stability of Ti 3 C 2 was investigated by the thermogravimetry (TG) and differential thermal analyzer (DTA). It was found that the lattice parameter c of obtained Ti 3 C 2 was up to 24.9 Å, and the larger interplanar spacing Ti 3 C 2 was more stable than the sample exfoliated by HF. The transition temperature in air from NH 4 HF 2 -etched Ti 3 C 2 to anatase TiO 2 thoroughly is more than 500 ℃, and the multilayered structure of Ti 3 C 2 could be well retained even afer 900 ℃ heat treatment, while the value of HF-etched Ti 3 C 2 is less than 350 ℃. This work is important for exploring a safe synthesis method and well understanding the thermal stability of 2D MXene materials.
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MATERIALS & DESIGN
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2016
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IF 3.997
Aihu Feng,Yun Yu,Yong Wang,Feng Jiang,Yang Yu,Le Mi,Lixin Song
MXene , a new family of 2D materials , possesses excellent electrical conductivity and hydrophilicity . To date, the majority of MXenes are only successfully produced by exfoliating the MAX phases with high concentration hydrofluoric acid (HF). In this study, the 2D MXene Ti 3 C 2 with larger interplanar spacing was successfully obtained by etching Ti 3 AlC 2 with bifluoride (NaHF 2 , KHF 2 , NH 4 HF 2 ) in single-stage process. The morphology, structure and element composition of prepared Ti 3 C 2 samples were characterized by scanning electron smicroscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The synthesis mechanism of Ti 3 C 2 was elaborately demonstrated. The possible reaction equations between Ti 3 AlC 2 and different bifluorides were generalized, indicating the formation of hydrosoluble by-products of Na 3 AlF 6, K 3 AlF 6 and (NH 4 ) 3 AlF 6 . This work presents a safely effective method to synthesize the 2D nanocrystals MXene.
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AIP Advances
·
2024
·Vol. 14
·期 3
·
IF 1.4
Quan Jingru,Dong Tienan,Shi Zixin,Xv Boqiang,Hu Hengming,Hao Shijie,Fan Haojie,Huang Xinyi,Fan Minmin,Cheng Qichen,Hang Zusheng
The instability of UV anti-corrosion coatings poses a significant threat to both air quality and the environment, highlighting the urgent need for efficient and eco-friendly anti-corrosion coatings. In this study, we synthesized a novel material, MXene, known for its well-defined layered structure and exceptional conductivity, by employing a MAX phase etching process. Our investigation encompassed the assessment of MXene’s compatibility within UV coating systems, as well as its dispersion and stability within composite coating systems. We observed that MXene’s substantial specific surface area and robust chemical adsorption capabilities played pivotal roles in the adsorption and stabilization of nanoparticles within the UV coating. Further exploration of MXene-based UV-curable anti-corrosion coatings revealed remarkable resistance to hydrogen-induced corrosion due to MXene’s outstanding electrical conductivity and its ability to regulate surface chemical reactions. This optimization not only enhances UV-curing and photostability performance in UV anti-corrosion coatings but also makes them highly suitable for producing efficient anti-corrosion coatings. This approach demonstrates broad applicability across various substrates where superior corrosion resistance is essential.
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ACS Applied Nano Materials
·
2025
·
IF 5.5
Ting Li,Yun Chen,Ziyu Han,Junhai Wang,Xinran Li,Lixiu Zhang,Yunwu Yu
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) serve as functionalized solvents with superior lubricating properties. However, limited research has been conducted on their application for modifying and treating nanomaterials as nonpolar lubricant additives. Consequently, this paper presents the synthesis of a menthol/thymol/tetradecylphosphonic acid oil-soluble ternary DES, which was employed to modify and treat MXene. The DES facilitates the expansion of MXene’s interlayer spacing, while the grafting of long carbon chains in the DES enhances the dispersion stability of MXene in nonpolar lubricants. Furthermore, the tribological properties of DES complexed MXene lubricant additives were examined, revealing a reduction in the coefficient of friction and wear rate by 46.6 and 56.8% for both 0.1 wt % DES/MXene and 2 wt % DES base oil at 25 °C, and by 40.3 and 48.1% at 100 °C, respectively. The superior lubrication performance is attributed to optimal dispersion stability, exceptional wettability, and the synergistic impact of the dual lubrication film created by DES and the interlayer shear mechanism of MXene.
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ACS Applied Nano Materials
·
2024
·
IF 5.3
Jiajia Zheng,Zhihui Li,Jiayue Zheng,Han Chencheng,Yiming Chen,Zhiyi Wu
Designing an absorber to mitigate the electromagnetic radiation pollution caused by the rapid development of radio technology with multiple characteristics, including high reflection loss (RL), broad absorption bandwidth, thinness, and low filling ratio, is crucial but challenging. This work prepared three-dimensional heterogeneous MXene/Ni composites by using an electrostatic self-assembly method. Due to the synergistic effect of dielectric loss, magnetic loss, and the unique heterogeneous structure, the obtained multilayer MXene/Ni composites, with a low filling ratio of 15 wt % and a thickness of only 1.5 mm, achieved an astonishing minimum RL value of −79.6 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 3.35 GHz. Furthermore, an ultrawide tunable EAB of 12.35 GHz could be obtained in the frequency range of 3.30–15.65 GHz by adjusting the matching thickness of the samples. This design of a heterogeneous interface structure provides a practical strategy to develop high-performance next-generation electromagnetic absorbers.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2024
·
IF 7.7
Yanan Huang,Xiaotong Wang,Bodan Luo,Peng Jin,Yonghua Zheng,Changliang Xu,Zhengguo Wu
Effective control of wound bleeding and sustained promotion of wound healing remain a major challenge for hemostatic materials. In this study, the hemostatic sponge with controllable antibacterial and adjustable continuous promotion of wound healing (CMN Cu) was prepared by chitosan, aminated MXene and copper ion . Interestingly, the internal topological point-line-surface interaction endowed the CMN-Cu sponge longitudinal staggered tubular porous microstructure, combined with the lipophilic properties obtained by modified MXene, which greatly improved its flexibility, wet elasticity and blood enrichment capacity. In addition, the sponge achieved controlled release of active ingredients, which made it present highly effective antibacterial activity and long-lasting ability to promote wound healing. In vitro and in vivo experiments confirmed that CMN-Cu sponge presented high-efficient hemostatic performance. Last but not least, a series of cell experiments showed that the CMN-Cu sponge had excellent safety as a hemostatic material.
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Nature Communications
·
2018
·Vol. 9
·期 1
·1-7
·
IF 12.353
Ding Li,Wei Yanying,Li Libo,Zhang Tao,Wang Haihui,Xue Jian,Ding Liang-Xin,Wang Suqing,Caro Jürgen,Gogotsi Yury
Molecular sieving membranes with sufficient and uniform nanochannels that break the permeability-selectivity trade-off are desirable for energy-efficient gas separation, and the arising two-dimensional (2D) materials provide new routes for membrane development. However, for 2D lamellar membranes, disordered interlayer nanochannels for mass transport are usually formed between randomly stacked neighboring nanosheets, which is obstructive for highly efficient separation. Therefore, manufacturing lamellar membranes with highly ordered nanochannel structures for fast and precise molecular sieving is still challenging. Here, we report on lamellar stacked MXene membranes with aligned and regular subnanometer channels, taking advantage of the abundant surface-terminating groups on the MXene nanosheets, which exhibit excellent gas separation performance with H 2 permeability >2200 Barrer and H 2 /CO 2 selectivity >160, superior to the state-of-the-art membranes. The results of molecular dynamics simulations quantitatively support the experiments, confirming the subnanometer interlayer spacing between the neighboring MXene nanosheets as molecular sieving channels for gas separation.
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