GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
·
2026
·Vol. 53
·期 14
·e2026GL122763
·
IF 5
Yuanjing Li,Liangliang Zhang,Fabin Pan,Xiaojing Lai,Xiang Wu,Feng Zhu
Mercury is one of the few terrestrial planets in the solar system with a magnetic field, yet the energy source to power its core dynamo remains unclear to date. Si, C, and possibly H are the top candidate light elements for its liquid core. Here, we showed experimentally that Si, C, and H in Fe-Si-C and Fe-Si-C-H liquids share a simultaneous solubility at 9–21 GPa, 1,400°C–2,200°C, and this solubility decreases with decreasing temperature. When exceeding the simultaneous solubility, light elements will exsolve from the Fe melt as elemental phases such as diamond, graphite, silicon, and H 2 . We infer that if Mercury had an early liquid core primarily composed of saturated Fe-Si-C-(H) liquid, subsequent cooling would lead to continuous light element exsolution in its liquid core. The gravitational potential released by the exsolved light elements can drive the compositional convection and power its long-term core dynamo.
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Chemistry-An Asian Journal
·
2026
·Vol. 21
·期 15
·e70914
·
IF 3.2
Xiao Yang,Binglong Ma,Mingyang Dai,Junli Guo,Caixia Chi,Jian Hao
Anode-free lithium metal batteries (AFLBs) offer high energy density by plating Li directly on a current collector, but practical use is limited by dendrite growth and unstable SEI, which cause low Coulombic efficiency and rapid failure. Existing 3D hosts can still suffer top-surface–dominated deposition and poor pore utilization under polarization. Here, a sandwich CNT–Si–CNT current collector was prepared by gradient vacuum filtration. The embedded Si as lithiophilic sites could promote the internal deposition of Li in the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) network, while the 3D interconnected structure facilitates efficient electron transfer and ion diffusion. The Li plating/stripping behavior on CNT–Si–CNT was evaluated using a Li half-cell, symmetric-cell, and LFP full-cell test. The optimized 5Si–CNTs reduced Li nucleation overpotential to 21.3 mV and achieved an average CE of 90.53% over 100 cycles at 1 mA cm −2 (2 mAh cm −2 ). It also delivered stable symmetric-cell cycling (210 h at 0.25 mA cm −2 ) with low polarization and improved LFP full-cell discharge capacity retention. Overall, embedding lithiophilic sites within a lightweight carbon nanotube (CNT) scaffold provides a practical route to more uniform Li plating and enhanced reversibility for AFLBs.
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Nanoscale
·
2026
·
IF 5.2
Jie Ding,Xiaolong Chen,Degang Wang,Qin Wang,Yanqiang Wei,Tianhao Yuan,Tengfei Wu,Yuzhe Ma,Mengyuan Du,Kang Yang
Lightweight phenolic aerogel composites represent a crucial component of future thermal protection systems in aerospace applications. Multifunctional hybrid modification is considered an effective method to enhance the thermal stability and ablation resistance of phenolic aerogel composites. In this study, silicone and boric acid were crosslinked with phenolic resin (SiBRx) to introduce high-bond-energy Si–O and B–O bonds. Subsequently, the SiBRx can be used to prepare a lightweight aerogel by the sol–gel method. The specific surface area of the SiBRx aerogel reached 180.25 m2 g−1, representing a 59% increase compared to the unmodified phenolic resin (PR) aerogel. Furthermore, the SiBRx aerogel exhibited superior thermal stability, with a maximum decomposition temperature of 603.2 °C, 12% higher than that of the PR aerogel. Quartz fiber-reinforced phenolic aerogel composites (QF/SiBRx) were fabricated by incorporating quartz fiber mats and varying the content of the curing agent hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA). At a HMTA content of 15%, the QF/SiBR15% aerogel composite achieved a bending strength of 14.17 MPa, with compressive strength increasing from 9.99 MPa to 12.26 MPa. Moreover, the QF/SiBRx composites demonstrated outstanding ablation resistance, with a remarkably low linear ablation rate of 0.077 mm s−1. The incorporation of Si and B forms a dense composite ceramic layer (C, SiO2, and B2O3) on the ablated surface, preventing pyrolytic degradation of the material structure and enhancing ablation resistance.
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PubMed
高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2026
·
IF 6
Peipei Wang,Guozheng Lv,Xiang Ji,Sheng Zhang,Yuhang Bai,Huan Luo,Yuhao Wu,Xing Zhao,Zhaoqi Hou,Peizhong Feng,Xuanru Ren
To reduce the oxidation damage during the initial active oxidation stage of ZrB 2 -SiC coating, this paper employed a slurry-brushing method to prepare a self-healing Zr-Si-B-O biomimetic glass film on the surface of the ZrB 2 -SiC coating. Furthermore, the oxidation resistance behavior of biomimetic glass films with varying ZrO 2 contents was investigated. Experimental results indicate that the Zr-Si-B-O biomimetic glass film can significantly reduce the oxidation weight gain of ZrB 2 -SiC coating. The biomimetic glass film sample with 70 wt% ZrO 2 exhibits the best oxidation protection effect. After oxidation treatment in the temperature range of 600-1600 °C, the weight gain is only 0.081 × 10 −2 g cm −2 , which is 95.35% lower than that of the sample without the biomimetic glass film; after oxidation at 1700 °C, the final protection efficiency and average carbon loss rate reach the optimal values of 99.97% and 0.34 × 10 −6 g cm −2 s −1 , respectively, and the average oxygen permeability is only 0.35%. The presence of Zr-Si-B-O biomimetic glass film can significantly reduce the oxidation activity and improve the oxidation resistance of the coating. This is attributed to the pre-introduction of a flowable and self-healing glass on the coating surface, which prevented the intense oxidation of the coating at the initial stage.
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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
·
2026
·
IF 9.6
Dingren Ma,Feng Yuan,Yongquan He,Haiying Yu,Jing Cao,Zhiyao Li,Dehua Xia
Catalytic ozone decomposition offers a promising approach for controlling ground-level ozone (O 3 ), but conventional Co-based catalysts suffer from poor performance due to nanoparticle agglomeration and limited electronic tunability. This study addresses these limitations by leveraging electronic metal-support interaction (EMSI) to engineer a Co-based catalyst (Cox@SBA-UC) anchored via Si–O–Co bonding on a mesoporous SBA-UC carrier. We demonstrate that the Si–O–Co EMSI structure enhances Co dispersion, stabilizes low-valence Co 2+ species, and optimizes electronic properties by upshifting the d -band center. The optimized Co2@SBA-UC catalyst achieves exceptional O 3 decomposition efficiency (92% conversion), outperforming control catalysts and exhibiting robust humidity resistance. Mechanistic insights reveal strengthened O 3 adsorption and facilitated decomposition into surface oxygen intermediates (*O and *O 2 ), while reversible deactivation caused by *O 2 accumulation is efficiently mitigated through thermal regeneration under an inert atmosphere. This work provides a sustainable strategy for catalytic ozone decomposition by simultaneously maximizing active site density and intrinsic activity, advancing environmental remediation technologies for clean air applications.
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PubMed
高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2026
·
IF 6
Weicheng Lei,Jinyang Cai,Changzhi Yin,Congao Jin,Xiaoqiang Song,Jiaqing Yang,Yiyang Cai,Mingfei Cheng,Yaodong Liu,Zihang Chen,Yaqing Hu,Pingan Tan,Wenzhong Lu,Wen Lei
As communication technologies advance toward high frequency bands, demand for low-temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) materials with low dielectric constants ( ε r ) and high quality factors ( Q×f ) continues to surge. In this work, ZnO-Al 2 O 3 -B 2 O 3 -SiO 2 (ZABS) glass-ceramics were prepared using water-quenching followed by solid-state sintering. The effect of Zn/Si ratio on crystallization activation energy, sintering behavior, phase evolution, microstructure, and dielectric properties of glass-ceramics were researched. Results indicated that the crystallization tendency of glass-ceramics reduces with the Zn/Si ratio decreases from 2 to 1.38 because of the enhances glass network stability resulting from increases SiO 2 content. However, a further decrease in the Zn/Si ratio leads to intensified crystallization tendency, which is caused by the occurrence of phase separation in the glass. All samples achieve densification in the range of 875–925 °C, with Zn 2 SiO 4 as the main crystalline phase. Dielectric properties are significantly improved by decreasing the ZnO content and increasing the SiO 2 content. The glass-ceramics with Zn/Si = 1.38 sintered at 875 °C/2 h exhibits excellent performance: ε r = 5.3, Q×f = 28200 GHz (at 15.73 GHz), a temperature coefficient of resonant frequency ( τ f ) of −33 ppm/°C, and a flexural strength of 119 MPa. These excellent dielectric properties make the developed glass-ceramics promising candidates for future LTCC applications.
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CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
·
2026
·
IF 14
Zedong Zhou,Hangxi Liu,Juanlong Li,Yiru Yan,George Dan Miron,Barbara Lothenbach,Biwan Xu,Ming Fang,Xiaoli Tan,Bin Ma
Calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H), the principal binding phase in Portland cement, plays a critical role in the immobilization of heavy metals, yet a quantitative and mechanistic understanding of Cu 2+ uptake by C-S-H remains incomplete. This study investigates the immobilization behavior of Cu 2+ by C-S-H with systematically controlled Ca/Si ratios (0.6–1.6) and develops a thermodynamically consistent sublattice solid-solution model. The C-S-Hs were synthesized under sorption equilibrium conditions and characterized to determine their structural evolution with Ca/Si ratio. Cu 2+ sorption was subsequently examined on pre-synthesized C-S-Hs, combined with spectroscopic analyses to elucidate Cu coordination environments. The results show that Cu 2+ is immobilized predominantly through structural incorporation at low Cu 2+ loadings rather than hydroxide precipitation. With increasing Cu 2+ concentration, Cu 2+ progressively intercalates into the interlayers of C-S-H, partially replacing interlayer Ca 2+ and forming Si-O-Cu linkages associated with Q 2 silicate sites. The Ca/Si ratio strongly controls both uptake capacity and binding mechanism. High Ca/Si ratios promote silicate-chain polymerization through conversion of Q 1 to Q 2 units, whereas extremely low Ca/Si ratios induce redistribution between Q 2 and Q b 2 species. At intermediate Ca/Si ratios, Cu 2+ is mainly stabilized as hydroxyl-associated species. Once the sorption capacity is exceeded, excess Cu 2+ transforms into CuO under alkaline conditions. Based on these observations, a CASH+Cu thermodynamic model incorporating five Cu-bearing endmembers was developed and calibrated using both aqueous and solid-phase data. The model quantitatively reproduces Cu uptake, solution chemistry, and phase assemblages, providing a predictive framework for Cu 2+ retention in cementitious systems.
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Polymers
·
2026
·Vol. 18
·期 19
·2312
·
IF 5.8
Han Yang,Nicolas Gascoin,Liping Jiang,Xiaofeng Zhu,Xiang Huang,Khaled Chetehouna,Ruihua Guo
To overcome the flammability and formaldehyde-emission problems associated with plywood, a novel soy protein-based intumescent flame-retardant adhesive with phosphorus–nitrogen–silicon (P-N-Si) synergism (C@Si@APP) was developed in this study. C@Si@APP was initially prepared by coating silane-modified ammonium polyphosphate with collagen. Subsequently, C@Si@APP was combined with lignin and adenine and incorporated into a soy protein, collagen, and isocyanate (MDI)-based adhesive matrix to fabricate a flame-retardant adhesive for eucalyptus plywood. Cone calorimeter (CONE) analysis demonstrated that the flame-retardant plywood bonded with SPI/C/MDI/C@SiAPP18 achieved the most effective flame-retardant and smoke-suppression performance, and the peak heat release rate, total heat release, and total smoke production were reduced by 23.5%, 20.7%, and 43.9%, respectively, and the release rates of CO and CO2were also effectively suppressed. Mechanistic analysis indicated that the enhanced flame retardancy was mainly governed by a condensed-phase mechanism, in which phosphorylation and siloxane crosslinking promoted the formation of a compact and thermally stable char layer that protected the underlying material, whereas a gas-phase contribution involving the dilution of flammable volatiles by non-combustible gases (NH3, H2O, and CO2) and possible radical scavenging by phosphorus-containing species is proposed as a plausible complementary pathway inferred from the TGA-FTIR results and the previous literature.
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2026
·
IF 6
Jiaxin Gao,Zhuo Zhu,Qi Li,Yan Nie,Xian Wang
A complete, dense coating is essential for reducing eddy current losses in soft magnetic composites (SMCs) and improving their overall performance. In this study, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) was utilized to modify the surface of Fe-Si powders through organosilane functionalization, followed by the hydrolysis-condensation reaction of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) to form a SiO 2 insulating layer. TEM, powder resistivity and electrochemical testing indicate a complete and dense surface coating on the powder. Furthermore, the surface modification of the powder with APTES reduces the impact of excess non-magnetic phase coating on the magnetic hysteresis loss of soft magnetic powder cores, which facilitates the regulation of magnetic permeability to obtain powder core samples with low loss and high direct current (DC) bias performance according to corresponding specifications. Experimental results show that for APTES-modified powders, when the TEOS dosage is 5 wt%, the fabricated soft magnetic powder core with a permeability grade of 60 μ exhibits excellent comprehensive performance: a DC bias retention of 70.7% at 100 kHz/100 Oe, a core loss of 1141 mW/cm 3 at 100 kHz/100 mT, and a low permeability temperature coefficient of 30 ppm/°C within −20 °C to 140 °C, indicating temperature stability. This study provides guidance on the fabrication of high-power, high-current soft magnetic powder cores and on controlling magnetic permeability specifications while minimizing losses.
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JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
·
2026
·Vol. 46
·期 13
·118436
·
IF 6.3
Chi Zhang,Ning Wang,Xinrui Dong,Junjiang Fan,Rui Yang,Yingna Wu,Hai Chang,Jiaming Bai,Zirong Zhai
Silicon nitride (Si₃N₄) ceramics are ideal for thermal management but often suffer from limited thermal conductivity due to oxygen impurities. In vat photopolymerization (VPP), pyrolytic carbon (PyC), a byproduct generated during the debinding process, is traditionally viewed as a harmful impurity. This study presents a pioneering "waste-to-wealth" strategy that repurposes in-situ PyC as an oxygen getter, unlocking its potential to enhance the thermal conductivity of Si₃N₄ ceramics. By adjusting these parameters, a maximum thermal conductivity of 92.18 W·m⁻¹ ·K⁻¹ was achieved with decarbonization at 450 °C and presintering at 1350 °C. This represents a 17.29% enhancement compared to the baseline debound in air without presintering. This enhancement is attributed to the synergistic interplay of reduced oxygen content, a strategically isolated intergranular phase, and a carbon-modulated grain orientation that mitigates the detrimental effects of misaligned a/b-axis grain boundaries. Our findings demonstrate a new strategy to enable performance customization in additively manufactured ceramics.
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高影响因子
ACS Applied Polymer Materials
·
2026
·
IF 5.2
Peiyuan Li,Sifan Chen,Mei Meng,Xianli Wu,Shuanjin Wang,Hui Guo,Sheng Huang,Min Xiao,Yuezhong Meng
As a commonly used thermoplastic, PVC suffers from intrinsic stiffness and therefore requires plasticizers to facilitate processing. Conventional small-molecule plasticizers (e.g., DOP, DBP) tend to migrate out of PVC over time. Polymeric plasticizers generally exhibit reduced migration; however, when incorporated into PVC at elevated loadings, their compatibility with the polymer matrix often deteriorates. To address these issues, a carbon dioxide-based polymeric diol, PPCP-Si macrodiol, was designed and synthesized. The material was obtained via a one-pot copolymerization of CO2, propylene oxide, phthalic anhydride, and hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, employing a metal-free catalyst system composed of bis(triphenylphosphine)iminium chloride and triethylborane. The resulting PPCP-Si macrodiols have a tunable molecular weight from 4k to 10k (dispersity <1.25) and its soft-to-hard segment ratio could be adjusted through reaction conditions. When utilizing them as a plasticizer for PVC, PPCP-Si macrodiol demonstrates outstanding plasticization efficiency in all synthesized molecular weight range. At a loading of 10 parts per hundred resin of a 4k molecular weight PPCP-Si macrodiol, the elongation at break of PVC increased 22-fold and the glass transition temperature was halved. The plasticized PVC exhibits minimal migration, with less than 1.2% weight loss after 350 h of solvent exposure. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed the good compatibility of PPCP-Si macrodiol with the PVC matrix. These results indicate that PPCP-Si macrodiol combines the advantages of both small-molecule and macromolecular plasticizers, delivering high plasticization efficacy and stability against migration even at high molecular weights. Therefore, it represents a promising candidate for enhancing PVC flexibility in industrial applications.
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SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
·
2026
·
IF 6.6
Tao Zhou,Xianghua Zhao,Jiangfan Liao,Qingrun Xie,Mingli Xu,Tai Li,Guoqiang Lv,Xiufeng Li,Wenhui Ma
The rapid growth of the photovoltaic (PV) industry has resulted in massive generation of silicon wafer debris, posing both environmental and resource-utilization challenges. Achieving sustainable and high-value use of this silicon waste for photoelectrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (PEC-HER) remains highly desirable yet technically challenging. Silicon wafer debris was etched via a metal-assisted chemical etching (MACE) process to obtain silicon nanowires (Si NWs). The morphology of MoS 2 was further tailored through a polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-assisted hydrothermal method, followed by the formation of MoS 2 /Si NWs heterostructures. This sustainable strategy integrates resource recycling with morphology control and heterostructure engineering, enabling uniform MoS 2 coverage, optimized interfacial coupling, and accelerated charge transfer, thereby enhancing the PEC-HER efficiency. The Nano-MoS 2 /Si NWs exhibited a Tafel slope of 167 mV⋅dec −1 , significantly lower than that of pristine Si NWs (524 mV⋅dec −1 ), indicating accelerated hydrogen evolution kinetics. The hydrogen production rate reached 404.77 μmol cm −2 , corresponding to a 196.3% enhancement compared with Si NWs (136.62 μmol cm −2 ). Finite element analysis further revealed markedly enhanced and uniformly distributed current density and surface H + concentration for MoS 2 /Si NWs, attributed to their abundant exposed active edge sites and improved interfacial charge transfer, which collectively contribute to the enhanced PEC-HER performance. This work advances a sustainable upcycling route that converts PV silicon wafer debris into functional photocathodes and offers a general approach to morphology control and heterostructure engineering for efficient, eco-friendly solar-to-hydrogen conversion.
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危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）