CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2022
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IF 16.744
Lu Jing,Weili Li,Chang Gao,Menglu Li,Weidong Fei
Polymer-based dielectric capacitors are well recognized for high energy density and efficiency. However, the energy density is restricted by the deterioration of breakdown strength with excessive addition of inorganic fillers. Herein, an innovative design of the lamellar-structured BiFeO 3 @TiO 2 (BFO@TO) fillers is proposed and a small amount of BFO@TO is added into P(VDF-HFP)/PMMA blended polymer to fabricate BFO@TO-P(VDF-HFP)/PMMA composites, which delivers an outstanding energy density of 19.3 J cm −3 at 549.2 kV mm −1 . The filler possesses a BFO/TO/BFO triple-layered structure. Due to the different Fermi level, electrons are injected from TO into BFO to form electron accumulation layer and construct the heterojunction electric fields between TO and BFO layers. Heterojunction electric fields at two interfaces produced by the triple-layered structure are opposite. The opposite double heterojunction can withstand larger external electric field and improve the breakdown strength. Besides, BFO, as a narrow bandgap semiconductor, is easier for electrons and holes to separate, which further widens the width of the built-in electric field and reduces the dielectric breakdown. Electric field distribution simulations intuitively confirm the enhancement of the breakdown strength. The results provide an effective strategy to address the critical issue of improving the breakdown strength for high energy storage capability.
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ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
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2022
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IF 9.224
Feng Long,Xincheng Cao,Xia Jiang,Peng Liu,JianChun Jiang,Xiaolei Zhang,Junming Xu
Catalyst design is critical for renewable selective hydrogenation of fatty acids into alkanes or alcohols, especially for active metals and supports. We demonstrate that NiCu anchored on a TiO2 (P25) surface, prepared by the impregnation method, performed superior temperature-sensitive catalytic activities with a higher fatty alcohol yield of 78.2% (205 °C, 4 MPa H2, and 12 h) and alkane yield of 85.0% (245 °C, 3 MPa H2, and 6 h). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and density functional theory (DFT) suggest that Ni or NiCu anchored on rutile with oxygen vacancies can achieve reversal of charge transfer between the metal and TiO2 support. Especially, the normal NiCu cluster loading on the rutile surface can improve the dispersion of the NiCu cluster and oxygen vacancy concentration. Thus, more NiCu clusters anchored on oxygen defects can obtain negative charges in favor of alcohol production. In contrast, the other active NiCu clusters will preferentially cleave the C–C bond to produce alkanes at a higher reaction temperature. Our work provides a new strategy for designing highly effective hydrogenation catalysts.
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FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
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2022
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IF 8.129
Dewang Zeng,Chen Wang,Tong Liu,Wentao Ou,Rui Xiao
Chemical looping methane oxidative coupling is a promising method to directly convert methane to C 2 products but is limited by the trade-off between CH 4 conversion and C 2 selectivity. Here, we develop a series of TiO 2 doped Na 2 WO 4 /Mn 2 O 3 /SiO 2 for chemical looping methane oxidative coupling and investigate the underline mechanism for the enhanced performance. The results show that 5 wt% TiO 2 doped Na 2 WO 4 /Mn 2 O 3 /SiO 2 exhibited 31.2% CH 4 conversion, which is 1.68 times as large as that of Na 2 WO 4 /Mn 2 O 3 /SiO 2 , without significantly decreasing C 2 selectivity (~70.3%). Pulse experiments show that TiO 2 improves the bulk oxygen diffusion, providing more surface oxygen to convert methane, thus leading to enhanced CH 4 conversion. O 1 s spectra manifests that the active oxygen content on the surface was not significantly increased by TiO 2 dopant , thus TiO 2 dopant has little effect on C 2 selectivity. Therefore, 5 wt% TiO 2 doped Na 2 WO 4 /Mn 2 O 3 /SiO 2 shows high chemical looping methane oxidative coupling performance. The explored mechanism in this work can be extended to design more oxygen carriers to enhance the chemical looping reactions.
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MOLECULES
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2022
·Vol. 27
·期 17
·5576
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IF 4.927
Songtao Liu,Rui Yan,Muhammad Humayun,Huanli Zhang,Yang Qu,Yingxue Jin
It is highly desired to enhance charge separation and O2adsorption of the pyropheophorbide-a (Ppa) to promote visible-light activity and stability. Herein, Ppa modified 001-facet-exposed TiO2nanosheets (Ppa/001T) nanocomposites with different weight ratios were fabricated via the self-assembly approach by OH induced. Compared with the bare Ppa, the 8% amount optimized 8Ppa/001T sample displayed 41-fold enhanced activity for degradation of Ametryn (AME) under visible-light irradiation. The promoted photoactivities could be attributed to the accelerated charge carrier’s separation by coupling TiO2as thermodynamic platform for accepting the photoelectrons with high energy from Ppa and the promoted O2adsorption because of the residual fluoride on TiO2. As for this, a distinctive two radicals (•O2−and •OH) involved pathway of AME degradation is carried out, which is different from the radical pathway dominated by •O2−for the bare Ppa. This work is of utmost importance since it gives us detailed information regarding the charge carrier’s separation and the impact of the radical pathway that will pave a new approach toward the design of high activity visible-light driven photocatalysts.Keywords:Ppa;001-facet-exposed TiO2;charge separation;visible-light photocatalysis;Ametryn
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CHEMOSPHERE
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2022
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IF 8.943
Zengxing Li,Kim Hoong Ng,Shen Xu,Yingzhen Zhang,Yonggang Lei,Jianying Huang,Yuekun Lai
The realization of solar-driven photoelectrochemical (PEC) process lies in the success development of materials with excellent photoelectric properties. Past reports identified TiO 2 , upon modified with both Cd and ZnIn 2 S 4 (ZIS), exhibits promising PEC performance; however, at the cost of tedious preparation. In view of this, our work proposes a facile one-step hydrothermal strategy to deposit both modifiers onto the pre-obtained TiO 2 nanotubes (NTs), realizing rose-like TiO 2 /ZnIn 2 S 4 (TiO 2 /ZIS) or tremella-like TiO 2 /Cd:ZnIn 2 S 4 (TiO 2 /Cd:ZIS) with improved PEC performances. Interestingly, the thickness of ZIS petals, which deposited on top of TiO 2 NTs, is positively-correlated to its Cd-composition, signifying the substitutional doping of Cd into the unit cell of ZIS. This renders robust ionic interactions between the constituents, prompting the enhanced optical properties of TiO 2 in conjecture to its reduced impedance. As a result, the recombination rate of photo-electric-derived carriers was drastically suppressed, with an improved photocurrent density of 606.2 μA cm −2 recorded by TiO 2 /Cd:ZIS photoanode under solar irradiation. Such performance is 80 times and 5.16 times higher than those of bare TiO 2 NTs and TiO 2 /ZIS counterparts. The photoconversion efficiencies in terms of incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) and applied bias photon current efficiency (ABPE) for TiO 2 /Cd:ZIS were significantly improved too, recorded at 1.12% and 0.38%, respectively, under standard evaluation condition. As summary, our work proposes a facile one-step hydrothermal approach that simultaneously-deposit both Cd and ZIS onto TiO 2 photoanode for an enhanced PEC performance. This opens up a wider horizon for PEC technology , further unlocking its potential in both energy and environmental applications.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
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2022
·Vol. 33
·期 17
·13956-13967
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IF 2.779
Sun Haibo,Zhou Guohua,Guo Zhili,Wang Ce,Wang Jinghui,Zong Changbao
The high-quality TiO 2 insulating layer on the commercial gas-atomized FeSiAl powder surface was efficiently prepared within a total time of 1 h at room temperature via a one-pot sol–gel method based on a developed industry-oriented coating equipment. The core-shell structure for the chemically coated FeSiAl powders was detected by the joint tools of SEM, EDS, and FTIR. Combined with the establishment of loss separation fitting model, the regulation mechanism analysis on soft magnetic properties was carried out for the FeSiAl powder cores insulated with different TiO 2 coating amounts. It is found that the interface-pinning effect, which is closely related to the core’s density, is an important factor affecting the magnetic properties of powder cores. With the elevating TiO 2 coating amount, the hysteresis loss, the excess loss, and DC-bias property of the core specimen exhibit the same increasing tendency, while the real part of complex permeability at 100 kHz gradually decreases owing to the increase of non-magnetic gap between the particles in the core, which can impede the domain-wall motion during magnetization. Correspondingly, the eddy current loss persistently decreases and contributes only 18.7% ~ 21.6% of total core loss when the precursor concentration is over 0.08 ml/g due to the formation of the intergranular insulated structure blocking the inter-particle eddy current flows in the composites. These results offer insights into subtly regulating magnetic properties when the adjusting process parameters for the soft magnetic composites are used in high-power and high-frequency applications.
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Analytical Methods
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2022
·Vol. 14
·期 33
·3153-3159
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IF 3.532
Ling Mei,Tiantian Si,Shuai Wang,Jie Zhu,Hao Tang,Xiaojing Liang
The TiO2@MOF-919(Fe–Cu) solid-phase extraction material was prepared by growing MOF-919(Fe–Cu) in situ on three-dimensional radial TiO2 microspheres by a simple solvothermal method. This combination drew on both the resources of good single dispersion and extraction rate, which made it a better extraction material. It was accompanied with high-performance liquid chromatography (SPE–HPLC) for the separation and determination of four benzoylurea pesticides (triflumuron, chlorbenzuron, teflubenzuron and diflubenzuron) in afforestation irrigation water and juice samples (grape, peach and apple juices). Under the optimal conditions, the linearity of the method ranged from 1 to 400 μg L−1 with a correlation coefficient (R2) ≥ 0.9994, while the detection limit was in the range of 0.40–0.56 μg L−1 for the four pesticides. The adopted material showed good reusability and can be used no less than 10 times. The intra-day and inter-day precision were in the range of 1.78–3.24% and 4.06–5.08%, respectively. The proposed method was then successfully applied for the detection of benzoylurea pesticides in the spiked samples with good recoveries (72.3–108.4%) and good precision (5.15%) due to π–π and hydrophobic interactions between the analytes and adsorbent. The results show that the composite had the potential to be used as a SPE adsorbent for the enrichment and extraction of benzene ring structures containing imide groups in actual samples.
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Journal of Cleaner Production
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2022
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IF 11.072
Yujie Tan,Luying Sun,Guicheng Wang,Ruina Zhang,Jianyuan Hou,Renxi Zhang,Weixuan Zhao
A novel efficient catalyst called Ag/N-doped TiO 2 /CNTs was fabricated using a two-step method involving treatment with ammonia plasma followed by a process of hydrogen plasma reduction at a low temperature. The photocatalyst , which was composed of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) and 5% amount of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), achieved an adequate formaldehyde elimination rate of 95% under visible-light irradiation. A series of analytical methods was employed to investigate the advantages of the novel fabrication method . The results showed that the first step, which is the N doping of TiO 2 could be particularly important for improving the photocatalytic performance because of the reduced band gap and newly formed Ti 3+ . Furthermore, it could assist in the anchor of AgNPs during the second step of fabrication. During the second step of hydrogen reduction process, AgNPs of smaller sizes were more homogeneously anchored on the surface of N-doped TiO 2 /CNTs than that of the catalysts without ammonia plasma treatment . The resulting higher level of AgNPs could aid in efficient electron transfer and significantly improve the response to visible light, considering the surface plasmon resonance effect. CNTs and AgNPs played significant roles as electron acceptors in reducing the recombination rate of photogenerated hole pairs, and moreover, this two-step plasma process could be beneficial for achieving surface and interface properties suitable for formaldehyde photodegradation . This novel approach for fabricating an efficient Ag/N-doped TiO 2 /CNTs has potential for application in environmental purification systems.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
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2022
·Vol. 33
·期 23
·18345-18355
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IF 2.779
Gao Liang,Zhang Jiaqi,Song Lingyun,Bai Xilong,Yu Changxing
Polymer film capacitors have a high power density and great application potential in high-power electronic devices; however, high-energy storage density of polymer composites is usually obtained via doping high-content ceramic filler. An efficient approach to solve this issue is to dope polymers with an ultralow-content ceramic filler to improve their energy storage density. In this work, one-dimensional (1D) TiO 2 nanobelts@SiO 2 (TO nb@SO) are prepared via the hydrothermal reaction, muffle calcination, and hydrolysis. Extremely low-content TO nb@SO/poly(vinylidene fluoride) (TO nb@SO/PVDF) composites are prepared. The microstructure, crystalline structure, dielectric properties, electric breakdown strength, and discharge energy density are systematically investigated. The results show that the nanobelts have a width of 250 nm, a length of 1–2 μm, and a uniform shell layer at the edge with a thickness of ∼25 nm. The relative dielectric constant of the composites is significantly enhanced; it reaches 11 for PVDF at 100 Hz, and 12.03 for 0.5 wt% TO nb@SO/PVDF. The theoretical dielectric constant is calculated based on a mathematical model and compared with the measured value. 1D materials with a large aspect ratio are beneficial in the improvement of the dielectric properties. The Weibull breakdown field strength is 381.3 MV/m for 0.5 wt% TO nb@SO/PVDF. A discharge energy density of 8.86 J/cm 3 is obtained at 390 MV/m, while a high charge/discharge efficiency of 66.28% is achieved. To conclude, this work provides a valuable method for increasing the energy storage density and charge/discharge efficiency of dielectric capacitors.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2022
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IF 9.136
Qiao Li,Yang Huang,Zhong Pan,Jiancong Ni,Weiqiang Yang,Jianhua Chen,Ying Zhang,Jianmin Li
Novel hollow C, N-TiO 2 @C surface molecularly imprinted microspheres (HCNTC-SMIPs) with hydrophilicity, reusability, and selectivity were synthesized. The core–shell hollow structure yields large specific surface areas, high surface-to-volume ratios and effective diffusion rate on both inner and outer exposed surfaces. The C, N-TiO 2 shell possesses high photo-catalytic decomposition capacity toward the specific pollutants. Moreover, TiO 2 acts not only as a photocatalyst but also as a double cross-linker agent of molecularly imprinted to significantly reduce the molar ratio of formaldehyde. The hydrophilic surface imprinted layer provides the recognition sites and specific pore structures. The results showed that HCNTC-SMIPs possessed a high specific surface area of 305.10 m 2 g −1 and a good visible light harvesting property with a bandgap of 1.67 eV. This could efficiently suppress the photoelectron-hole recombination, and thereby heightening the photocatalytic degradation of sulfadiazine (SDZ). The photodegradation efficiency of HCNTC-SMIPs can reach 99.25 % within 140 min and 90.00 % after 6 cycles. The HCNTC-SMIPs had a higher kinetic constant (0.01815 min −1 ) than those of HCNTC (0.00964 min −1 ) and TiO 2 (0.00548 min −1 ). HCNTC-SMIPs can achieve targeted and efficient SDZ removal, as well as in-situ regeneration. The possible degradation pathways of SDZ primarily includes smiles-type rearrangement, SO 2 extrusion, ring hydroxylation, direct oxidation and S N bond cleavage processes based on LC-MS analysis.
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PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE
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2022
·
IF 1.948
Ailian Zhu,Yupeng Xie,Keyou Shi,Min Chen,Jiawei Li,Yimin Zhou,Gaiyuan Chen,Yong Liu
Coal fly ash (hereinafter CFA) was employed to rapidly immobilise Nd-contaminated soil with the addition of TiO2 via microwave sintering technology. The effect of TiO2 doping on the phase composition, microstructure, elemental distribution, density, and chemical durability of the solidified samples was systemically investigated. The results indicated that the Nd element can be incorporated in the matrix with oxyapatite and pyrochlore as TiO2 content increased at 1200°C. Moreover, the sintered sample with the high bulk density and low open porosity was fabricated at a TiO2-doping amount of 7 wt.%. Meanwhile, the as-prepared samples doping with TiO2 exhibited excellent chemical durability. Especially, the sintered sample doping with 3 wt.% TiO2 had the lowest leaching rate (7.97×10−6 g·m−2·d−1 at 28 d). Our investigation reflects that CFA is suitable for Nd-contaminated soil immobilisation via microwave sintering technology and the introduction of TiO2 is conducive to the improvement of densification and chemical durability.
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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
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2021
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IF 8.128
Ben Chen,Jin Zhang,Jing Yu,Rui wang,Beibei He,Jun Jin,Huanwen Wang,Yansheng Gong
Poor visible light utilization and charge separation efficiency of TiO 2 restrict its extensive application in the photocatalytic field. Herein, a specific Z-scheme TiO 2-x /Cu/ZnO heterojunction was successfully constructed by atomic layer deposition (ALD) technique and spray pyrolysis technology. Benefited from the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect of Cu and Z-scheme heterojunction, the visible light absorption capacity was greatly enhanced. Meanwhile, ZnO nanolayer coating, prepared by ALD technique, protects Cu element to hinder its oxidation, thus enhancing the separation efficiency of photogenerated carriers. Therefore, the photocatalytic hydrogen production performance was significant improved, exhibiting a maximum value of 342.0 µmol·g −1 ·h −1 for the optimal B-T-0.1C-10Z (black TiO 2 /0.1Cu/10 nm ZnO) sample without any noble-metal cocatalyst, which is higher than pure TiO 2 (310.7 µmol·g −1 ·h −1 , with 3 wt% Pt) synthesized by spray pyrolysis method under equal conditions. In addition, a possible mechanism for the enhanced performance was briefly discussed based on the experimental results.
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