PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY
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2025
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IF 4
Xin-Yv Li,Yu-Jie Liu,Xian-Hua Meng,Chu Gong,Jun-Li Yang,Yin Qiang,Jun Wang,Xiu-Dan Hou
Anthracnose is a highly contagious and destructive plant disease caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides . The objective of this study was to investigate the antifungal activity and mechanism of ginsenoside Rk1 ( GRk1 ) against C. gloeosporioides. In vitro experiments demonstrated that GRk1 exhibited substantial antifungal activity, with EC 50 values of 64.58 mg L −1 , surpassing the plant-derived pesticide d -limonene . Additionally, GRk1 could effectively suppress the dissemination of anthracnose spots in postharvest fruit. By observing the microstructure of C. gloeosporioides , it was observed that the mycelium structure underwent notable changes, and autophagosomes engulfed the organelles in the experimental groups. Fluorescent staining revealed specific signals in mycelial autophagosomes, and Western Blot analysis confirmed the upregulation of the autophagy-related protein Atg8. These findings indicate that GRk1 may activate the autophagy process by promoting Atg8 expression. Proteomic analysis revealed that the expression of Sec20 and Mpv17 proteins was significantly downregulated, whose dysregulated expression is associated with the crosstalk between SNAREs and peroxisomes during vesicle trafficking and metabolic processes. Assessment of catalase (CAT) activity, hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) content, and superoxide anion (O₂ − ) levels further demonstrated that GRk1 could disrupt intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis in mycelia. Moreover, the introduction of the ROS scavenger N -acetylcysteine (NAC) markedly inhibited autophagy, indicating that GRk1 promotes autophagy by inducing oxidative stress. Collectively, GRk1 inhibits pathogens via the ROS-autophagy axis. These findings suggested that GRk1 holds potential as a promising alternative to fungicides for the biological control of anthracnose.
研究领域:
植物病理学
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分子生物学
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真菌生理学
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采后生物学
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天然产物药理学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Food Chemistry-X
·
2024
·
IF 6.5
Yue E,Weimiao Li,Hongbin Guo,Xianman Zhang,Qinggele Caiyin,Yi Yuan
Yuling paste, a traditional Chinese health food derived from longan pulp and American ginseng, undergoes a unique processing method involving nine cycles of steaming and sun-drying. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry combined with widely targeted metabolomics has been used to examine the dynamic change in metabolite profiles through the processing. A total of 758 metabolites were identified. Processing significantly affects metabolite changes, and network pharmacology is subsequently used to explore potential pharmacological ingredients. After processing, the contents of active ingredients such as ginsenoside rh2, oleanolic acid, choline, d -glucose, and D-galacturonic acid were found to increase significantly. These increases can be correlated to the enhancement of five distinct pathways, and the contents of naringenin-7-O-glucoside, adenosine, pantothenic acid, and D-sucrose decreased after the processing, correlating with decreases in two different pathways. This study provides a comprehensive reference and scientific basis for understanding the health benefits associated with this traditional health food.
研究领域:
食品科学
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中药学
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代谢组学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
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2024
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IF 6
Li Tao,Heyu Wang,Jingyi Wang,Jingwei Zhang,Lei Yu,Shixin Song
This study investigated glycosylation products via the Maillard reaction involving soy protein isolate (SPI)/soy peptide (SP) and ginseng polysaccharide (GP), examining their potential to enhance emulsion stability. SP-GP exhibited the highest grafting degree (55.69 ± 1.48%) in a notably brief reaction time (35 min) compared to SPI-GP (45 min). The amino acid compositions, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) imaging, scanning electron microscopy imaging, and circular dichroism spectroscopy verified the formation of SPI-GP/SP-GP conjugates. SDS-PAGE showed that SPI-GP and SP-GP formed new bands, with molecular weights exceeding 254 and 45 kDa, respectively. The highest grafting degree in SP-GP resulted in the largest proportion of random coil (10.97 ± 0.82%). SP-GP achieved the highest emulsifying activity (31.26 ± 0.68 m 2 /g) at pH 9. Notably, using SP-GP as an emulsifier resulted in the most homogeneous emulsion with the smallest particle size (2.10 ± 0.02 μm), smallest span (1.32 ± 0.02), and highest absolute Zeta potential (50.20 ± 0.87 mV). Its creaming index remained at 0.00% for 21 days. SP-GP's inclusion curbed oxidation reactions and significantly amplified the overall emulsion stability. Consequently, the remarkable attributes of SP-GP position it as a highly promising emulsifier for employment in emulsion preparation.
研究领域:
食品科学
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生物化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Biomaterials Advances
·
2025
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IF 6
Dongmin Chen,Xiaosheng Sheng,Huili Li,Qishu Jin,Ruqi Wang,Yuanzheng Qiu,Lefeng Su,Jinfeng Xu,Jiang Chang,Yumei Que,Chen Yang
The current unavailability of efficient myocardial repair therapies constitutes a significant bottleneck in the clinical management of myocardial infarction (MI). Ginsenoside Rb1 (GRb1) has emerged as a compound with potential benefits in safeguarding myocardial cells and facilitating the regeneration of myocardial tissue. However, its efficacy in treating MI-related ischemic conditions is hampered by its low bioavailability and inadequate angiogenic properties. In this study, the therapeutic potential of GRb1 is enhanced by a mesoporous basic copper carbonate (BCC) microsphere due to its excellent drug delivery capability and steady angiogenic degradation products (copper ions, Cu 2+ ). The cell experiments revealed that GRb1 and Cu 2+ could generate synergistic impacts on anti-cardiomyocyte apoptosis and endothelial cell angiogenesis, while a mouse model of MI illustrated that GRb1 loaded BCC (BCC@GRb1) could significantly enhance cardiac function, diminish the area of infarction and myocardial hypertrophy, reduce cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and augment vascularization within myocardial tissue. This investigation is pioneering in demonstrating the beneficial outcomes of combining drugs with bioactive carriers in myocardial regeneration and introduces a novel, precisely engineered drug delivery system as a potential therapeutic strategy for ischemic heart disease.
研究领域:
心血管医学
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药学
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材料科学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL AND LIFE SCIENCES
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2025
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IF 2.8
Ruobing Bai,Liting Ma,Fangtong Li,Lijia Pan,Yuwen Bao,Xinze Li,Shen Wang,Hao Yue,Fei Zheng
For thousands of years, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has made extensive use of wild ginseng. It is thought to provide vital energy effects and to boost immunity. This study aimed to clarify the processes by which short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) metabolites and the intestinal barrier are used by total ginsenosides wild ginseng (TWG) to modulate immunity. In this study, we analyzed and identified ginsenosides in the colon using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS E methods. In the meantime, a rat model of spleen qi deficiency (SQD) was created using reserpine, and the effects of TWG on intestinal barrier function and short-chain fatty acids in the feces of SQD-affected rats were examined. 28 ginsenosides were found in the colon during this experiment, and the main components were measured. TWG considerably increased fecal concentrations of acetic, propionic and 6 others, according to SCFAs analysis. According to serum immunological markers, TWG reduced IL-17 and IL-1β levels, increased IL-10, IL-22, and TGF-β concentrations, balanced Th17/Treg ratios, and reduced toxicants such DAO and LPS in rats with SQD. TWG improved barrier function, reduced permeability, increased tight junction protein expression, and lessened intestinal injury. A favorable correlation between intestinal barrier proteins and fatty acids was shown by correlation studies. The gut barrier and SCFAs perspectives helped to clarify the mechanism by which TWG controls immune activity. This study offers a fresh theoretical framework for TWG's future advancement and application.
研究领域:
中医药学
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免疫学
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胃肠病学
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微生物组研究
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE
·
2025
·Vol. 53
·期 03
·909-930
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IF 5.5
Ke Li,Ya-Jun Wang,Kun Wei,Wen-Lin Li,Yong-Bo Liu,Jun-Nan Hu,Wen-Guang Chang,Wen-Xuan Zhang,Long Chen,Wei Li
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is considered to be the most widespread epidemic worldwide, and diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most serious diabetic complications. Its complex pathogenesis makes treatment of DN an ongoing medical challenge. Ginseng ( Panax ginseng . C. A Meyer) is a valuable medicinal herb with a long medicinal and culinary history. Ginsenoside Rg2 (Rg2), an important active component in ginseng, has effective inhibitory effects on lipogenesis and hepatic glucose production. However, the potential effect and mechanism of Rg2 on DN remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of Rg2 on DN in high fat diet/streptozotocin (HFD/STZ)-induced type 2 diabetic mice and high glucose (HG)-induced human kidney 2 (HK-2) cells. The results demonstrated that Rg2 significantly improved the levels of FBG, dyslipidemia and impaired kidney function in DN mice. Additionally, Rg2 decreased the phosphorylation levels of IKKβ, IκBα, and NF-κB p65, inhibited the activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes (NLRP3, ASC, and Caspase 1), and restrained release of inflammatory factors (IL-18 and IL-1 β ) . In HG-induced HK-2 cells, Rg2 showed similar inhibitory effects on pyroptosis via NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathways. Moreover, the effect of Rg2 on inhibiting the activation of NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathways may have a relationship to reducing the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which is further supported by the ROS inhibitor N-acetylcysteine (NAC). In conclusion, our findings clearly indicated that Rg2 could prevent the progress of DN by inhibiting the activation of pyroptosis-related NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathways in vivo and in vitro , suggesting that Rg2 may be a novel and promising therapeutic agent in the treatment of DN.
研究领域:
药理学
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分子生物学
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糖尿病研究
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ORAL DISEASES
·
2025
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IF 2.9
Xin Meng,Huijuan Qu,Xueying Zhang,Honghai Ji,Minmin Sun
Objective This study investigated the anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects of ginsenoside Rb3 on experimental periodontitis. Methods Experimental periodontitis was established by ligating the maxillary first molars. After 21 days of Rb3 treatment, rats were sacrificed for micro-CT and H&E staining analysis and serum assay. qPCR detected the expression of inflammatory genes. IF detected MAPKs pathway activation in periodontal tissues. The effects were determined using LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. Gene expression levels were determined by qPCR. Intracellular ROS generation was detected by DCFH-DA staining and flow cytometry. WB detected the activation of signaling pathways. Results Rb3 inhibited oxidative stress in experimental periodontitis, showing reduced gingivitis and alveolar bone resorption on H&E staining and micro-CT, and reduced iNOS mRNA in rats. Colorimetric results showed that Rb3 increased serum SOD and GSH-Px activities and decreased MDA levels in rats. IF analysis showed that Rb3 inhibited P38, ERK, and JNK activation. Rb3 pretreatment significantly decreased iNOS and IL-6 mRNA expression and ROS in Raw264.7 cells. WB analysis demonstrated that Rb3 blocked the activation of P38 and ERK. Conclusion Rb3 inhibits the level of oxidative stress and attenuates gingivitis and alveolar bone resorption in rats via the MAPKs signaling pathway.
研究领域:
口腔医学
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药理学
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分子生物学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PLANTA
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2025
·Vol. 261
·期 3
·1-12
·
IF 3.8
Mou Lu,Zhang Yang,Zhuang Yu-Xin,Ren Rui-Fang,Xu Ran,Yang Ling,Zhang Shao-Peng,Du Deng-Xiang
Ginsenosides R2 and F2 are key active components of Panax japonicus var. major which exhibit a wide range of pharmacological effects. However, few UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) involved in Rh2 and F2 biosynthesis have been identified. In this study, 12 UGTs from Panax japonicus var. major were predicted and characterized. Among them, one UGT (PjvmUGT45) exhibited superior catalytic activities by catalyzing the C3 hydroxyl glycosylation of protopanaxadiol (PPD) and compound K to form Rh2 and F2, respectively. Especially, PjvmUGT45 showed certain substrate specificity and regional specificity at the C-3 sites of PPD-type ginsenosides. Site-directed mutagenesis showed that Gln334, His349, Ser354, and Asp373 were key residues for PjvmUGT45, and the K280A mutant highly improved its activity. Our results revealed the biosynthetic mechanism of ginsenosides in Panax japonicus var. major , providing a novel alternative UGT for ginsenoside Rh2 production by synthetic biological methods.
研究领域:
植物学
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生物化学
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药理学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
BIOSCIENCE BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
·
2021
·Vol. 85
·期 8
·1809-1817
·
IF 2.043
Li Qiang,Zhai Chunmiao,Wang Guodong,Zhou Jia,Li Weiguang,Xie Liquan,Shi Zhanli
Ginsenoside Rh1 (Rh1) has anti-inflammatory effects in asthma mice, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. BALB/c mice were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin (OVA) to construct asthma model. Mice received Rh1 or tiotropium bromide 0.5 h before OVA challenge. Airway morphology and airway remodeling were assessed by HE staining and Masson's trichrome staining, respectively. Th1/Th2 cytokines in serum or broncho alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured by ELISA kits. Rh1 significantly alleviated the lung resistance and airway resistance, and reduced the number of total inflammation cells, eosinophils, neutrophils, and lymphocytes in BALF of the asthmatic mice. The morphological changes and collagen deposition of airway were also reduced by Rh1 in asthmatic mice. The increase of Eotaxin, IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and IL-33 and the decrease of IL-12 and IFN-γ in both BALF and serum of OVA exposed mice were reversed by Rh1. Rh1 attenuates OVA-induced asthma in the mice model by regulating Th1/Th2 cytokines balance.
研究领域:
免疫学
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药理学
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呼吸病学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Drug Design Development and Therapy
·
2025
·
IF 5.1
Yanli Wang,Tian Chen,Zhe Shi,Lijinchuan Dong,Mengting Li,Bo Peng,Qi Li,Ruile Pan,Shuiming Xiao,Qing Yang,Ning Jiang,Xinmin Liu,Qin Hu,Ying Chen
Background During medium- to long-duration spaceflights, real-time microgravity can increase the health risks of astronauts. In particular, the disruption of intestinal homeostasis is closely related to other health problems, and it is necessary to monitor related treatment strategies. Ginseng is a well-known Chinese herbal medicine often used to maintain health. Ginseng total saponins (GTSs), which are the bioactive components of ginseng, have been reported to regulate immune homeostasis, anti-inflammation, and anti-oxidation. This study focused on the regulation of GTSs in intestinal homeostasis imbalance caused by microgravity.Methods A hindlimb suspension (HLS) rat model was established to evaluate the intestinal protective effects of GTSs. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened using RNA-Seq. RT-PCR was performed to further focus and verify these results. The gut microbiome composition was examined based on 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, and the short-chain fatty acids produced were further analyzed.Results We found that GTSs intervention effectively improved the intestinal injury caused by simulated weightlessness, including reducing the pathological damage, increasing the expression of tight junction proteins and reducing the levels of inflammatory factors. Moreover, GTSs treatment significantly restored the levels of intestinal immunity-related genes and remodeled the gut microbiota. In particular, GTSs significantly increased the abundance of short-chain fatty acid metabolism-related bacteria, thereby increasing the level of propionic acid, butyric acid, isobutyric acid.Conclusion Our results revealed that GTSs improved intestinal microecological disorders and impaired immune function caused by the weightlessness simulation. The underlying mechanism may be related to the “intestinal immune -microbiota-metabolic” pathway. These findings provide a theoretical basis for the precise design and development of GTSs for space-health products.
研究领域:
航天医学
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分子生物学
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免疫学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
·
2025
·
IF 10.5
Rongfang Guo,Shuying Zhang,Anyao Li,Ping Zhang,Xin Peng,Xiaoyan Lu,Xiaohui Fan
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a significant public health issue with high morbidity and mortality. Ginsenoside Rb1 (Rb1) and berberine (BBR), the main bioactive compounds of Panax ginseng and Coptis chinensis , respectively, are known for their hypoglycemic effects. Nevertheless, the synergistic effects and underlying mechanism of Rb1 and BBR on T2DM remain unclear. In this study, we utilized a leptin receptor-deficient (db/db) mouse model to investigate the protective effects of their combination treatment. Our findings demonstrated that the combined use of Rb1 and BBR at a 1:4 ratio had more pronounced effects than the first-line anti-diabetic drug metformin on reducing the weight ratio of white adipose tissue, ameliorating insulin resistance, and improving glucose and lipid metabolism. Using spatial transcriptomics, we revealed that metformin treatment improved gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis only in the periportal zone, while the combination treatment induced improvements throughout the liver lobule, with distinct key targets across different zones, thus underscoring a more comprehensive modulation of hepatic metabolism. This may be the key reason why this combination therapy demonstrated superior protective effects against T2DM. Additionally, the reversed expression of the key callback gene hepcidin (HAMP) and its regulator growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) following the combination therapy across all zones, along with validation experiments, further suggested that GDF15/HAMP pathway might be a key mechanism underlying the beneficial effects of Rb1 and BBR against T2DM. This study also indicates a path toward innovative drug cocktails for treating T2DM, offering a holistic approach to regulate the entire liver lobule metabolism.
研究领域:
医学
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分子生物学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Biomedical Nanotechnology
·
2022
·Vol. 18
·期 8
·2001-2009
·
IF 3.641
Ma Jun,Yu Da-Hai,Zhao Di,Huang Teng,Dong Min,Wang Ting,Yin Hai-Tao
Radiotherapy is an effective anti-cancer therapy for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), however, the prognosis is unsatisfactory owing to radio-resistance and toxicity. It is crucial to improve radiotherapy efficacy. Ag nanoparticles (NPs) and ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3) exerted
antitumor and radio-sensitization effects. Therefore, we investigated whether poly-lactide-co-glycolide-polyethylene glycol (PLGA-PEG)-Rg3-Ag will function as a noninvasive, tracing, radiotherapy sensitizer. The morphology of NPs was visualized with transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
The drug loading content, encapsulation efficiency, and cumulative drug release of Rg3 was determined by HPLC. Cellular uptake of NPs in A549 and SPCA-1 was measured by immunostaining. The radio-sensitization effect of PLGA-PEG-Rg3-Ag in vitro was determined in A549 by detecting proliferation,
colony formation, and apoptosis with CCK-8, clonogenic survival assay, and flow cytometry, while in vivo was determined in nude mice by testing the body weight and tumor volume. PLGA-PEG-Rg3-Ag exerted radio-sensitization effect by reducing cell proliferation and colony formation while
enhancing cell apoptosis in A549; reduced tumor volume in nude mice. PLGA-PEG-Rg3-Ag exhibits radio-sensitization effects in NSCLC.
研究领域:
肿瘤学
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药剂学
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放射治疗学
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DOI
高影响因子
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