Materials Today Sustainability
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2023
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IF 7.8
Cheng-Min Hou,Wei-Min Yan,Tian Liu
At present, the silver nanorods of UV conductive ink have the problems of easy agglomeration of silver nanorods , and slow curing speed. In this paper, firstly mace-like silver nanorods with inorganic particles were synthesized by using polycarbonate fibers as soft-templates, AgNO 3 as silver source. The diameters and lengths of silver nanorods were 0.25–0.35 μm and 2.1–5.1 μm. There are many wolf-tooth particles (0.20–0.35 μm) on the silver nanorods which prevented the silver nanorods from reuniting. The obtained silver nanorods were not easy to agglomerate. The minimum resistance value of the coating could reach 1∼10Ω. Secondly, a kind of water-alcohol UV conductive ink with low heat treatment temperature (140 °C), fast drying and curing speed and water-alcohol system was prepared. Water-alcohol soluble P(AA- r -HEMA)- g -GMA was used as the prepolymer , glycidyl triethylenetetraamine hexamethacrylate (TGMA) was used as the monomer , and 907 and ITX were used as photoinitiators. The effects of the types and contents of different photoinitiators (907:1%–5%, ITX: 0.2 %∼1 %), species and contents of prepolymer (30 %∼50 %), the number and content of monomers with different functional groups (30 %∼50 %) on the UV-curing rate were studied. The curing rate was the fastest when the mass fraction of photoinitiator ITX was 0.4 %, the mass fraction of the prepolymer with 30 % GMA content was 50 % and the mass fraction of monomer TGMA was 50 %. The curing speed can reach 2–3 s, and the ink film surface was smooth without bubbles. At last, UV conductive ink was prepared by using the obtained water-alcohol UV curing system as the bonding material and mace-like silver nanorods as the conductive filler . The influence of heat treatment temperature and time on the conductive properties of the coating was explored. The optimal heat treatment temperature was 140 °C, and the heat treatment time was 30 min.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Polymer Materials
·
2024
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IF 4.4
Dawei Zhao,Yimei Liu,Yating Zhang,Shitao Liu,Xiwang Zhang,Tao Wang
Organosilicon polymers exhibit excellent biocompatibility and stable chemical properties, and the use of photopolymerization in synthesizing silicone polymers is increasing due to its environmental and energy-saving benefits. However, most photoinitiators cannot be dissolved in a sufficient quantity in silicone prepolymers and have wavelengths that do not align with eco-friendly LED light sources, posing challenges in the photopolymerization of silicone prepolymers. This study focuses on the synthesis of two flavonol photoinitiators, HF-MDT and HF-MTQ, incorporating poly(sesquisiloxanes). The results for photopolymerization demonstrated that they have good compatibility with methacrylate-containing poly(sesquicarbazone) prepolymer, enabling the initiation of photopolymerization under 365 or 460 nm LEDs when combined with co-initiators triethanolamine/iodonium salt (TEOA/ONI). Films cured with HF-MDT and HF-MTQ exhibited enhanced migratory stability and hydrophilicity, making these photoinitiators suitable for various applications, such as silicone coating manufacturing, medical devices, and food packaging. Through fluorescence burst experiments, cyclic voltammetry experiments, and electron paramagnetic resonance experiments, the interaction mechanisms of flavonol photoinitiators with co-initiators were elucidated, providing insights into their photoinitiation activities under LED light sources.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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生物医学工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
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2024
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IF 2.7
Yujie Qi,Haoqi Zhai,Xing Huang,Mengquan Shi,Yuxi Zhang,Yuxia Zhao
As the largest renewable source of aromatic feedstock in nature, lignin has good thermal stability, strong ultraviolet (UV) absorption, and mechanical reinforcing property. In this study, a lignin-based Type I macromolecular photoinitiator (macro PI) named DAL-11ene-TPO is designed and synthesized through covalently grafting 10-undecenoyl chloride (11ene) and 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-ethoxy-phenylphosphine oxide (TPO-L, a commercial small molecular PI) into dealkaline lignin (DAL) skeleton. A series of characterizations were performed to prove that DAL-11ene-TPO was synthesized successfully, including 1 H NMR, FTIR, UV–vis, 31 P NMR, GPC (gel permeation chromatography). The formed active free radicals were monitored by electron spin resonance (ESR). DAL-11ene-TPO can high-efficiently initiate the monomers polymerization upon the irradiation of 405 nm LED. The resulting polymer films showed strong UV-blocking performance and good visible light transmittance. Moreover, the elongation at break of the polymer film containing 0.5% DAL-11ene-TPO is improved by 50% compared with that of TPO-L control group. Furthermore, DAL-11ene-TPO has polymerizable groups, which can be bonded into the network of the polymers, resulting in a high biosafety of the end products. The results indicate that DAL-11ene-TPO can be used as a high-efficient bio-based macro PI for preparing high performance UV-blocking films.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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可再生资源利用
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DOI
高影响因子
RSC Advances
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2016
·Vol. 6
·期 80
·77093-77099
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IF 3.289
Guangxue Chen,Xiaoyuan Guan,Ruixin Xu,Junfei Tian,Fachuang Lu,Minghui He,Jianwen Yang
A series of thioxanthone dicarboxamide derivatives (TX-DCAs) containing hydrogen donors as one-component photoinitiators (PIs) have been prepared. In particular, the photoreactivity of these PIs was remarkably improved due to the covalent binding of the N-phthalimido derivative and type II chromophore thioxanthone. These derivatives exhibit interesting shifted absorption so that they can be utilized as versatile PIs upon exposure to various violet and visible LEDs (365 nm, 385 nm, 395 nm and 405 nm), and can efficiently actuate the free radical photopolymerization of acrylates.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
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2016
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IF 4.179
Qijian Niu,Xueyan Mu,Jun Nie,Guiping Ma
Fluoride compounds could migrate to the surface in a blending solution because of their low surface energy. In order to prepare a photo-sensitive nanofiber, a diphenyl-ketone photoinitiator with a fluorinated aliphatic chain was synthesized, and its structure was characterized using 1 H NMR and 19 F NMR, UV–vis absorbance spectroscopy, and fourier transform infrared (FT-IR). A blending solution of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and photoinitiator containing fluorine with dimethylformamide (DMF) as the solvent was electrospun to prepare a photo-sensitive nanofiber. The photo-sensitive nanofiber was used to fabricate a polymer brush grafted on the nanofiber by initiating the polymerization of tripropylene glycol diacrylate (TPGDA) and hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) monomers via UV irradiation. The distribution of the photoinitiator on the surface of the nanofibers before and after photopolymerization was measured using UV–vis absorbance spectroscopy. The kinetics of the photopolymerization of TPGDA and HEA monomers on the surface of the nanofibers was studied using real-time infrared spectroscopy (RT-IR). The size and morphology of the nanofibers were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The internal core–shell structure and the surface composition of nanofibers were further studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and attenuated total reflectance-infrared spectroscopy (ATR-IR). It was suggested that the photoinitiator on the nanofiber surface could cause the polymerization of the TPGDA and HEA monomers under UV irradiation. The solubility of the nanofibers polymerized with TPGDA on the surface was also investigated in water, DMF and acetone. The experimental results indicated that the nanofiber was enriched with the photoinitiator on its surface and that the nanofiber had potential for application in the preparation of functional core–shell nanofibers.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE
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2021
·Vol. 60
·期 1
·52-61
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IF 0
YinPing Wu,Rui Li,JiuWu Wang,Yue Situ,Hong Huang
In order to obtain a new photoinitiator with high efficiency, low migration, and high solubility in acrylate monomers, a new compound named 9-allyl-9 H -carbazol-3-yldipenylphosphine oxide (ALPO) was designed and synthesized. Compared to 9-ethyl-9 H -carbazol-3-yldipenylphosphine oxide, the double bond conversion (DC) and solubility of ALPO in acrylic monomers were greatly improved, and the migration rate was greatly reduced after replacing the ethyl group in the molecule with an allyl group. Compared with (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) diphenylphosphine oxide (TPO), which was widely used commercially, ALPO had a higher DC and lower migration rate. This means that ALPO may be able to replace TPO in the light curing field. Graphical
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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产品关联
DOI
JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY A-CHEMISTRY
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2021
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IF 4.291
Miao Yao,Shaohui Liu,Chen Huang,Jun Nie,Yong He
Five ester derivatives from hydroxyalkyl of 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl propanone, one of the most successfully applied α-hydroxyalkyl acetophenone photoinitiators, are synthesized. From the spectroscopy results and theory calculation, it is proved that the much lower photocleavage rates of the directly linked unsaturated ester derivatives are due to that the strong electron withdrawing effect of carbonyl increase the bond strength between the benzoyl and quaternary carbon and the effective energy transfer from benzoyl to double bond because of the existence of p-σ-π hyperconjugation, which consequently decreased their initiating ability. Excitingly, simple introduction of two-methylene spacer between the carbonyl and alkoxyl can effectively block the hyperconjugation and significantly increase the photocleavage rate up to the same level of their mother commercial photoinitiator, which can open a gate for design of new high efficiency and polymerizable type I photoinitiators.
研究领域:
有机化学
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材料科学
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光化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS
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2022
·
IF 6.206
Jiaqi Su,Mengyuan Cai,Haoxin Zhu,Weijia Li,Peiyao Kang,Jincheng Xue,Weiwei Hu,Duanji Li,Shuangying Wei,Zhenhua Gao
Using the seed emulsion polymerization method, photoinitiator 4-hydroxybenzophenone (HBP) and co -initiator soy protein isolate (SPI) were simultaneously grafted onto a polyacrylate molecular chain, and an innovative UV-curable waterborne polyacrylate resin based on biomass SPI-HBP macromolecular photoinitiator system was prepared, which can be rapidly self-initiated. It was successfully developed into a type of waterborne coatings with excellent mechanical properties for woodware. The results showed that the PA-SPI-HBP composite emulsion showed good UV absorption performance near 284 nm, where the absorbance of the photoinitiator decreased to 73.71 % of the initial value under UV light exposure for 1 min. With an increase in HBP content, the UV curing time of the coating was shortened from 10.68 s to 5.18 s. When the addition of HBP was increased from 0 % to 4 %, the tensile strength of the films increased from 1.85 MPa to 16.39 MPa, the tensile modulus of elasticity increased from 2.88 MPa to 374.81 MPa, and the elongation at break decreased from 559.03 % to 38.46 %. This study provided a new method for the preparation of biomass-derived macromolecular photoinitiators and highly efficient self-initiating UV-curable wood coatings.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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环境科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
DYES AND PIGMENTS
·
2020
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IF 4.613
Wen Liao,Can Xu,Xiang Wu,Qiuyan Liao,Ying Xiong,Zhen Li,Hongding Tang
Three new photobleachable cinnamoyl dyes for radical visible photoinitiators (CAs) were prepared by aldol condensation reaction of 2, 4-bis(diethylamino) benzaldehyde and esters (including ethyl acetate, diethyl malonate and ditertbutyl malonate), in comparison with CAs, the ditertbutyl 2-(4-(diphenylamino)benzylidene) malonate (TA) was also prepared. Their structures were confirmed by 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, HR-MS. The mechanisms of the radicals generated from CAs and TA were proposed through electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis and steady state photolysis experiments. The investigated CAs and TA can effectively initiate the photopolymerization of 1, 6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA) under LED@405 nm exposure. Among these photoinitiators, CA-2 showed the best visible light photoinitiating efficiency and photobleachable characteristic. Furthermore, the residual initiators in cured HDDA polymers were proved to be as low as 0.243% and the obtained colorless polymer was up to 2.8 mm thickness when CA-2 was employed as the photoinitiator. These efficient photobleachable visible initiators show great potentials in deep curing materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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高分子化学
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DOI
高影响因子
RSC Advances
·
2014
·Vol. 4
·期 94
·52324-52331
·
IF 3.708
Qingqing Wu,Ying Xiong,Qiuhong Liang,Hongding Tang
Three new amino-thioxanthone photoinitiators (PIs) with different substituents on nitrogen, including 2-allyl(methyl)amino-9H-thioxanthen-9-one (PI-1), 2-benzyl(methyl)amino-9H-thioxanthen-9-one (PI-2) and 2-butyl(methyl)amino-9H-thioxanthen-9-one (PI-3) were synthesized and characterized. They showed high molar extinction coefficients and very broad absorption range in the visible region. Among them, PI-2 showed the best visible light photoinitiating properties evidenced by the fact that it successfully initiated polymerization of 1,6-hexanedioldiacrylate (HDDA) under xenon light exposure (28 mW cm−2) both in the presence and absence of N,N-dimethylaniline (DMA) for 0.5 h with 92% and 52% conversion, respectively. For TMPTA, the conversion of PI-2 and PI-2/N-methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) systems is 32% and 62% under xenon lamp exposure for 10 min. The photoinitiation mechanisms were analysed through EPR, fluorescence spectra and visible light photolysis experiments.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
·
2025
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IF 2.5
Qingqing Wu,Hujun Shen,Mingsen Deng,Congcong Hao
The development of effective photoinitiators for LED polymerization is still an emerging challenge. Two pull-push conjugate chalcone derivatives were designed and synthesized as the photonitiators for free radical polymerization. (E)-2-(Benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-3-(4-((E)-3-(4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)-3-oxoprop-1-en-1-yl) phenyl)acrylonitrile (DMAP-CN) and (E)-3-(4-bromophenyl)-1-(4-(dimethylamino) phenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (BDMAP) were synthesized and used as photoinitiators. The photopolymerization kinetics results demonstrated DMAP-CN and BDMAP could initiate polymerization of HDDA in both one-component and two-component photoinitiating systems. But DMAP-CN exhibited less reactivity than the BDMAP systems on free radical polymerization. To explain the photoinitiating mechanisms, we used different complementary techniques including real-time Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, electron paramagnetic resonance spin trapping (EPR-ST) experiments and molecular modelling calculations.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
·
有机化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS
·
2020
·
IF 4.469
Xiaoyu Ma,Ding Cao,Xiaotong Hu,Jun Nie,Tao Wang
Novel photoinitiators (α-DKs) bearing α-dicarbonyl groups as initiating group and aromatic groups as chromophore group were synthesized and developed as visible light type I photoinitiators with high performance for radical photopolymerization of acrylate. α-DKs exhibit good absorption at 405 nm and higher initiation efficiency compared with commercial initiator camphorquinone (CQ) under LED sources. Meanwhile, α-DKs were found to efficiently photosensitize bis (4-methylphenyl) hexafluorophosphate (ION) and initiate both free radical polymerization and cationic polymerization.
研究领域:
材料化学
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光化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）