JOURNAL OF CLUSTER SCIENCE
·
2026
·Vol. 37
·期 6
·139
·
IF 4.1
Chen Hechang,Wu Fei,Zhu Yufu
Titanium microspheres served a dual role in this study. First, they acted as supporting materials for TiO 2 /BiOBr photocatalysts. Second, they provided a low-cost precursor for titanium dioxide preparation. The growth of core-shell structured Ti@TiO 2 microspheres was realized using a hydrothermal method in NaOH solution. By varying the concentration of NaOH solution, TiO 2 nanowires with different morphologies were fabricated. A comprehensive characterization of the samples using field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction measurements, and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis revealed that TiO 2 nanostructures formed a well-coated layer on titanium microspheres, demonstrating an anatase crystal structure. The photocatalytic performance of the obtained core-shell structured Ti@TiO 2 microspheres was studied through the photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) solution. The results demonstrated that the sample prepared in NaOH solution with the concentration of 7 M exhibited the best photocatalytic performance, achieving an RhB removal efficiency of nearly 100% within 100 min under simulated light irradiation. In order to further improve the photocatalytic performance of the prepared samples, BiOBr was loaded on the surface of TiO 2 nanowires via a solvothermal method, yielding core-shell structured Ti@TiO 2 /BiOBr heterojunction photocatalysts, consisting of a metallic Ti core and a composite TiO₂/BiOBr shell. The catalysts demonstrated a significant enhancement in photocatalytic performance compared with core-shell structured Ti@TiO 2 microspheres, achieving nearly complete degradation of RhB solutions within 30 min. Furthermore, the photocatalyst maintained 91.92% of its activity after three consecutive cycles.
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PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
·
2026
·
IF 7.9
Fangchong Han,Bin Zhang,Jie Liu,Lijun Niu,Jun Ke
In this work, a carbon and cobalt co-doped carbon nitride (Co 0.04 -CCN 0.25 ) catalyst was synthesized for superior generation of singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ) via peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation. The findings indicate that carbon self-doping not only reduces the interfacial charge transfer resistance but also constructs efficient electron transfer channels between g-C 3 N 4 support and cobalt active sites. This directional electron transfer increases the electron density of cobalt species, which can accelerate the Co(II)/Co(III) redox cycle. As a result, the optimized Co 0.04 -CCN 0.25 catalyst achieves 100% of bisphenol A (BPA) degradation within 6 min under ambient conditions. Mechanistic investigations reveal that the singlet oxygen is the dominant reactive oxygen species (ROS) at the Co active site in the Co 0.04 -CCN 0.25 , which presents a desirable and recyclable redox pair of Co(II)/Co(III). Furthermore, the modified catalyst exhibits excellent pH tolerance over a broad range and strong anti-interference ability against co-existing anions and humic acid in aqueous solutions. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis and ecotoxicity assessment further demonstrate that the toxicities of BPA degradation intermediates are significantly reduced during the oxidation process. Therefore, this study provides a promising and practical strategy for designing high-efficient C 3 N 4 -based catalyst of PMS activation. Download: Download high-res image (175KB) Download: Download full-size image
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 12.5
Zhimo Fang,Zhou Zhou,Xiaomeng Li,Dongyang Li,Bin Hu,Haoyu Wang,Lin Zhang,Qin Dai,Kai Li,Yao Kong,Shiguan Yang,Qiang Lu
Superexchange-mediated dual-acceptor sites enable spatial charge separation. • Synergistic single-atom and vacancy engineering creates multifunctional sites. • Cu SA -TO-O V delivered excellent corresponding turnover frequencies of 177.52 h −1 . • The photo-Fenton system exhibited wide pH adaptability and anti-interference. Synchronously and efficiently utilizing photogenerated electrons and holes remains a significant challenge in Fenton-like reaction. Herein, the Cu single-atom (Cu SA ) and oxygen vacancy (O V ) co-modified TiO 2 nanoflake-like catalyst is successfully synthesized. O V modulate the electronic coupling interaction, which is proposed to trigger superexchange -mediated electron transfer from Cu 3 d x 2 − y 2 to Ti 3 d xy via O 2 p y orbitals. Specifically, Cu SA serves as the hole-accepting site for 1 O 2 generation, while O V and Ti 3+ functions as the electron-accepting site for •OH production and contaminant adsorption. The substrate enrichment effect and the free radical/non-radical coupling interaction significantly enhances photo-Fenton catalytic performance, achieving superior sulfanilamide removal efficiency across a broad pH range (3–11) and a high turnover frequency of of 177.52 h −1 . This work not only highlights the potential of active site engineering in designing photo-Fenton catalysts but also advances the development of efficient and sustainable water purification solutions.
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Nature Communications
·
2026
·
IF 18.1
Liu Xu,Cao Miao,Jia Feiyue,Jia Hongbao,Li Zonglin,Guo Xueping,Zhang Junrong,Hua Weijie,Li Lina,Wu Qian,Zhao Hongying
Antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and their genes (ARGs) pose a significant risk to public health and the ecosystem. Conventional water disinfection efficiently eliminates pathogens, however, it requires intensive chemical consumption but inefficiently removes ARGs. Herein, we propose an on-demand electrochemical platform that simultaneously eliminate both ARB and ARGs with in-situ generated hydroxyl radicals (·OH) without additional chemical inputs. Single-atom copper catalysts with CuN 4 coordination structure (SA-CuN 4 /NC) are precisely tuned to directly convert oxygen into controllable ·OH via three-electron oxygen reduction reaction (3e⁻ ORR). Operando X-ray adsorption near-edge spectroscopy reveals a potential-driven self-reconstruction of single-atom Cu sites to optimize ·OH concentration. Specially, the preferentially adsorbed H + onto the adjacent N atoms promotes the breaking of Cu-N bonds to form stable Cu 2 -CuN 2 cluster as a genuine active site. As expected, the SA-CuN 4 /NC with moderate ·OH (~11.5 μM) exhibits ultra-fast degradation of E. coli HT115 , accomplishing an ~ 8 log removal within 1 min and a complete elimination of ARGs in 30 min. Excess ·OH (~47.9 μM) triggers bacterial aggregation which compromises bacterial inactivation. These findings demonstrate that 3e⁻ ORR is a sustainable and effective strategy to obtain fast and complete water disinfection, preventing environmental spread of ARGs.
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JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
·
2026
·
IF 2.8
Yan Gang,Wang Rui,Yin Cuiwei,Zhao Qi,Cao Xuzheng,Zhang Hao,Shi Hongfei
An effective approach to eliminating organic pollutants is to develop step-scheme (S-scheme) heterojunction photocatalysts, because such heterojunctions can effectively promote photogenerated carrier separation while maximally retaining strong redox capability. Herein, S-scheme Bi 2 S 3 /BiOI (BBS) photocatalysts were synthesized using the in situ ion exchange method. Morphology and structure of BBS, as well as its photoelectrochemical properties, among others, were studied and analyzed. The photocatalytic activity of BBS was evaluated by degrading formaldehyde (HCHO) and methyl orange (MO). Compared with BiOI and Bi 2 S 3 , BBS catalysts demonstrated a remarkable improvement in photocatalytic performance under irradiation with visible light ( λ > 400 nm). With the highest photocatalytic efficiency, BBS-0.01 achieved degradation rates of 80% for HCHO (0.16 mg L −1 ) in 90 min and 97% for MO in 210 min. This notable enhancement in photocatalytic performance is attributed to the in situ ion exchange method, which constructs heterojunctions with intimate interfacial contact, uniform component distribution, high carrier separation efficiency, abundant active sites, and excellent stability. Furthermore, the S-scheme heterostructure further enhances catalytic performance owing to its well-matched energy band structures, efficient carrier separation, and the combined effect with the internal electric field (IEF). In addition, BBS photocatalysts exhibit a stronger visible-light response capability, consequently enhancing the overall photocatalytic efficiency. Hence, the BBS heterojunction photocatalyst presented in this work is a highly promising material for environmental applications under visible light. Graphical
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ACS Applied Nano Materials
·
2026
·
IF 5.8
Mengting Li,Yiping Liu,Wenxuan Liu,Yuqing Wang,Bo Fu,Meisi Chen,Licheng Li,Fang Guo,Muhua Chen
Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) is a promising metal-free photocatalyst for solar-driven H2O2 production, yet its activity is intrinsically limited by a narrow visible-light response, rapid charge recombination and low surface area. This work reports a cold plasma engineering strategy using radio frequency (RF), dielectric-barrier-discharge (DBD) and glow-discharge (GD) treatments to simultaneously modulate the morphology, defect chemistry and electronic structure of g-C3N4. Among the three protocols, RF plasma yields a “sponge-like” architecture with a 53% larger specific surface area (43.7 m2 g–1) and introduces nitrogen/oxygen-containing surface species that narrow the bandgap from 2.32 to 2.12 eV while preserving the crystalline framework. As a result, NCN-RF exhibits the highest H2O2 evolution rate among the investigated samples, reaching 1239 μmol g–1 h–1 under visible light irradiation (λ ≥ 420 nm), which is 4.7 times that of pristine NCN, and retains ∼80% activity after three cycles. Radical trapping and in situ EPR spectroscopy reveal a sequential two-electron oxygen-reduction pathway dominated by ·O2– intermediates. The enhanced activity is mainly attributed to the combined contribution of defect-modulated electronic structure, oxygen-containing surface species that may facilitate interfacial charge regulation, and a mesoporous network that improves mass transport. This work demonstrates a simple dry plasma-assisted surface modification strategy based on combined electronic-structure and morphology modulation for designing carbon nitride based photocatalysts for photocatalytic H2O2 production.
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ACS ES&T Water
·
2026
·
IF 4.5
Zhan Qihong,Rao Zepeng,Xiao Xin,Chen Baoliang
Micronanobubbles
(MNBs) offer enhanced interfacial area and distinct
interfacial physicochemical properties, but the mechanistic role of
interfacial charge in governing ozone-derived reactive oxygen species
(ROS) remains inadequately understood. Herein, the pH-dependent interfacial
charge characteristics of ozone micronanobubbles (O 3 -MNBs)
were systematically examined to elucidate their influence on sulfamethoxazole
(SMX) degradation. O 3 -MNBs increased the apparent degradation
rate by approximately 4-fold relative to macrobubbles, with initial
enhancement driven by facilitated ozone dissolution and subsequent
acceleration governed by interfacial reaction processes. ζ potential
measurements and ROS probe analyses demonstrated that solution pH
modulates MNB interfacial charge, thereby regulating pollutant interfacial
enrichment and shifting ROS dominance. Acidic conditions promoted
hydroxyl radical ( • OH) formation through interfacial
instability, whereas neutral and alkaline conditions favored the generation
of superoxide radicals (O 2 •– )
and singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ). Quadrupole time-of-flight
mass spectrometry (Q-TOF-MS) further confirmed that these distinct
ROS regimes correspond to divergent SMX transformation pathways. The
findings establish interfacial charge regulation as a critical determinant
of reaction selectivity in O 3 -MNB systems and provide mechanistic
guidance for optimizing MNB-assisted ozonation in advanced water treatment.
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RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES
·
2026
·
IF 3.3
Ju Yun,Wang Fengqin,Wang Yang,Rafique Hummera,Zafar Muhammad Nadeem,Tayyab Muhammad
Semiconductor photocatalysis offers an environmentally sustainable approach for the elimination of organic contaminants from wastewater. However, the photocatalytic performance of Zn 2 In 2 S 5 (ZIS) is often limited by nanosheet aggregation, insufficient exposure of active sites, and the incomplete understanding of reactive oxygen species (ROS) evolution. In this study, marigold-like ZIS microspheres with a 2D-3D hierarchical porous structure were fabricated, and their performance in the photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) was investigated. The structural and physicochemical properties of the obtained ZIS were systematically investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), and Mott–Schottky analysis. The results demonstrated that this unique structure integrates the advantages of the short charge migration distance of 2D materials and multiple light scattering/adsorption sites of 3D structures. Under AM 1.5 simulated sunlight irradiation, the as-prepared ZIS photocatalyst exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity, with a RhB degradation efficiency of up to 99.7% within 60 min and an apparent reaction rate constant (k) of 0.09 min⁻ 1 , which compares favorably with most previously reported ZIS-based photocatalysts. Through trapping experiments, electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy and qualitative detection of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), the photocatalytic reaction mechanism of ZIS was elucidated: superoxide radical (·O 2 − ) is the primary active species, followed by photogenerated hole (h⁺), whereas hydroxyl radical (·OH) make the least contribution. More importantly, a cascade mechanism of “ O 2 − – H 2 O 2 –·OH” was proposed in this work, which not only resolves the inherent contradiction of insufficient valence band position of ZIS but also demonstrates the potential of hierarchical zinc indium sulfide photocatalysts for efficient environmental remediation applications.
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APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING
·
2026
·Vol. 132
·期 8
·722
·
IF 3
Song Zhe,Xiao Chunyan,Gao Qixuan,Ma Haoyi,Yue Xiting,Lu Jiatian,Jiang Ming
Peroxymonosulfate (PMS)-assisted photocatalytic degradation represents an efficient advanced oxidation process for water purification. In this study, a novel SrTiO₃/Cu₂SnS₃ heterojunction was synthesized via a hydrothermal method, which was employed for visible-light-driven PMS activation to degrade norfloxacin (NOR). The STO/CTS-2 (n SrTiO₃ /n Cu₂SnS₃ = 2) composite exhibited superior catalytic performance, achieving 92.65% NOR degradation within 60 min, attributed to enhanced charge separation and efficient PMS activation. Comprehensive characterization confirmed the heterostructure formation, optimized band alignment, and improved light absorption. Radical trapping experiments revealed that superoxide radicals (•O₂⁻) dominated the degradation process, with additional contributions from SO 4 •⁻ , •OH, 1 O 2 , and h⁺. A plausible NOR degradation pathway and the underlying PMS activation mechanism were proposed. This study provides new insights into visible-light-driven PMS activation and presents an effective strategy for antibiotic wastewater treatment.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 12.5
Hao Zheng,Jinlin Yin,Ping Lu,Yi Lu,Xinyan Jiang,Shaoke Chen,Yifei Pan,Ning Zhang,Jin Wang,Zhengquan Li
Fe 2+ -doped Cs 2 CuBr 4 induces strong spin polarization, resulting in efficient charge separation. • O 2 is efficiently activated through antiferromagnetic coupling upon spin-polarized Fe 2+ centers. • The optimized Fe-doped Cs 2 CuBr 4 enables highly efficient and selective photocatalytic oxidation of toluene to benzaldehyde. The high thermodynamic stability and spin-forbidden transition of ground-state triplet oxygen ( 3 O 2 ) to reactive species like superoxide radical (•O 2 − ) pose a formidable challenge for the photocatalytic oxidation of toluene. In this work, we introduced Fe 2+ active sites into Cs 2 CuBr 4 to achieve highly efficient and selective photocatalytic oxidation of toluene to benzaldehyde. The magnetic coupling between Fe 2+ and Cu 2+ breaks the intrinsic antiferromagnetic ordering of the lattice, significantly enhancing spin polarization. Crucially, this enhanced spin state not only facilitates the separation of photogenerated charge carriers but also directly drives the otherwise spin-forbidden conversion of 3 O 2 into reactive oxygen species ( e.g. , •O 2 − ). As a result, the Fe-doped Cs 2 CuBr 4 delivers a dramatically improved benzaldehyde production rate of 15.88 mmol g −1 h −1 (86.4% selectivity), far surpassing the pristine Cs 2 CuBr 4 (0.34 mmol g −1 h −1 ). More strikingly, the application of a 50 mT magnetic field triggers an additional boost to 27.23 mmol g −1 h −1 . This work highlights spin-polarization engineering as an effective strategy for advancing the efficiency and selectivity of photocatalytic oxidation systems. Download: Download high-res image (153KB) Download: Download full-size image
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Surfaces and Interfaces
·
2026
·
IF 6
Yu Feng,Wenjing Xie,Ao Qian,Yunxuan Xiao,Peng Liu
Phosphate inhibits As sequestration while redirecting interfacial redox pathways. • Passive phosphatization forms a phosphate-enriched mixed corrosion shell. • Surface-associated ROS contribute to enhanced oxic As(III) oxidation. • Surface Fe(II) retention is associated with an anoxic As(0) fraction up to 32.7%. Surface corrosion layers govern the reactivity of zero-valent iron (ZVI), yet their dynamic reconstruction by co-occurring phosphate and its consequences for arsenic (As) transformation remain poorly understood. In this work, we demonstrate that in situ passive phosphatization restructures the ZVI interface into a phosphate-enriched mixed corrosion shell. This interfacial reconstruction decreased overall As sequestration through competitive phosphate occupancy but promoted distinct As(III) redox pathways depending on oxygen availability. Under oxic conditions, phosphate promoted aqueous As(V) accumulation and increased the XPS-derived near-surface As(V) fraction from 52.1% to 78.1% on the finer ZVI. Oxygen-exposure, scavenger, and probe experiments indicated that this enhancement involved surface-associated reactive oxygen species. Under anoxic conditions, phosphate incorporation increased the near-surface Fe(II) fraction to 70.6% and the As(0) fraction from 6.7% to 32.7%, indicating enhanced interfacial As reduction associated with Fe(II) retention. Spectroscopic and electrochemical analyses further showed altered ZVI corrosion behavior and charge-transfer resistance. These findings establish co-occurring phosphate as an active regulator of ZVI interfacial reactivity rather than merely a competitive inhibitor, revealing a trade-off between As redox transformation and sequestration and highlighting its potential for ZVI-based pretreatment coupled with downstream As capture. Download: Download high-res image (212KB) Download: Download full-size image
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Food Bioscience
·
2026
·
IF 6.2
Zhongqin Li,Jiazhen Shi,Yinghua Song,Yue Tang,Lian Xia,Yuangen Wu
Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) is a synthetic phenolic antioxidant widely used in edible oils and fat-containing foods. Excessive BHA poses significant risks to human health, thus making rapid and sensitive detection of BHA crucial for health protection. Herein, the Ag 2 CO 3 nanozyme was prepared by the simple precipitation method, which exhibits both laccase-mimic and oxidase-mimic activities. It was found that the oxidase-mimic activity of Ag 2 CO 3 facilitated the conversion of TMB to its blue oxidized form (oxTMB), and subsequent addition of BHA resulted in the formation of a characteristic purple adduct. Additionally, BHA effectively suppressed the laccase-mimic activity of the Ag 2 CO 3 nanozymes. Therefore, a novel colorimetric sensor was constructed using the dual-enzyme-mimic activities as a sensing signal for rapidly detecting BHA in edible oil. The colorimetric sensor achieves limits of detection (LOD) for BHA as low as 1.1 μM in the laccase-mimic channel and 0.08 mM in the oxidase-mimic channel, both of which are substantially lower than the maximum permissible BHA level in edible oils stipulated in Chinese National Food Safety Standard GB 2760. The sensor developed in this work shows great promise for application in the field of edible oil detection.
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