CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
·
2023
·
IF 4.7
Yuxin Zhou,Minghua Liu,Yuancai Lv,Hong Guo,Yifan Liu,Xiaoxia Ye,Yongqian Shi
In this work, a lignin phenolic carbon foam (LCF) with preferable smoke suppression performance was fabricated by substitute 10 wt.% and 30 wt.% phenol with modified lignin in the traditional process. The result showed that the LCF 600 s (LCFs carbonized at 600℃) with different lignin percentages showed better smoke suppression performance than the traditional phenolic carbon foam (CF 600 ). The peak smoke production rate (pSPR) and total smoke release (TSR) of LCF 600 s decreased by 6.90%∼48.28% and 80.91%∼96.28%, and the peak CO production rate and CO yield decreased by 41.17%∼70.59% and 53.80%∼77.79%, respectively. Besides, LCF 1-10-600 and LCF 2-30-600 displayed the best smoke suppression performance (0020, 0.0015 m 2 /s of pSPR and 0.61, 2.76 m 2 /m 2 of TSR, respectively). Since the introduced modified lignin significantly increased the amount of benzene rings in the forms, the degree of graphitization of the resulted carbon foams greatly improved, leading to better smoke suppression performance. Furthermore, the added lignin facilitated the preservation of the carbon layer, resulting in reducing smoke production consequently.
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FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
·
2021
·
IF 7.033
Xiaohua Li,Jiayuan Sun,Shanshan Shao,Xinggang Hu,Yixi Cai
A one-pot method for jet fuel based on biomass-derived ketone platform compound has been developed through aldol condensation and hydrogenation over bifunctional catalysts . In this study, the problem of poor reusability of catalysts and the side reaction of hydrogenation could be solved effectively. Organic solvents were added into the reaction to reduce the contact between the catalysts and water. In the reusability tests, the yield of targeted hydrocarbons remained around 70% in 5 runs with the optimized cyclopentanone/n-pentane volume ratio of 1:2. With the hydrogen being introduced first, the condensation and hydrogenation were integrated into one step. Considering that part of cyclopentanone was hydrogenated directly, a method of low-temperature condensation (170 °C) and high-temperature hydrogenation (260 °C) was proposed. The temperature at each stage of the reaction was controlled strictly and the total yield of targeted alkanes was boosted by 6.3% compared with that in one-step method. By the design of the reaction process with bifunctional catalyst in one pot, it will promote the development of aviation fuel from biomass in a more sustainable and greener way.
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FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2021
·
IF 7.514
Shanshan Xu,Xinsheng Zeng,Huiting Wu,Shanshan Shen,Xiaogen Yang,Wei-Wei Deng,Jingming Ning
The aroma profile of raw pu’er tea (RPT) depends on its storage duration (2–10 years) and storage conditions (wet-hot or dry-cold environment). We analyzed the major odorants of RPT samples by performing metabolomic analysis and by using the molecular sensory science approach. Under dry-cold storage conditions, tea leaves had more carotenoid derivatives, glycoside-derived volatiles, and phenolic volatiles, resulting in “fresh,” “floral,” and “sweet” aroma. Under wet-hot storage conditions, tea leaves had more methoxybenzenes, which contributed considerably to their “stale” and “woody” aroma. We identified 11 and 4 compounds as the odor markers of RPTs when stored in dry-cold and wet-hot environments, respectively. Our findings provide a scientific basis for optimal storage that yields the desired aroma profile.
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ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
·
2021
·Vol. 414
·期 18
·5255-5262
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IF 4.157
Qian Hai-Long,Liu Fang,Liu Xue,Yang Cheng,Yan Xiu-Ping
The separation of amino acid (AA) enantiomers shows significance for chemistry, food, and biology, but remains challenging due to their similar properties. A promising nanoporous chiral covalent organic framework (COF) as a stationary phase for high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) suffers from the irregularity and widely distributed particle size of the chiral COF. Herein, we show the facile preparation of a chiral COF-monolith as a stationary phase for HPLC enantiomeric separation of AAs via orthogonal experiments. The CTzDa-monolith is prepared by the incorporation of the model chiral COF named CTzDa into the porous poly(ethylene dimethacrylate-co-methacrylate) monolith and reveals great permeability and mechanical stability. The corresponding CTzDa-monolithic column gives better chiral HPLC separation of AAs than the commercial Poroshell 120 chiral-T column. Thermal dynamic analysis and molecular docking calculations imply the involvement of stereoscopic hydrogen, π-π, and van der Waals interactions between the CTzDa and AAs during HPLC enantioseparation. The facile incorporation of the chiral COF into the porous monolith will promote the potential of a chiral COF as a stationary phase for HPLC. Graphical abstract
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FUEL
·
2021
·
IF 6.609
Zhe Yang,Yinfei Liao,Maoyan An,Hourui Ren,Xiaodong Hao,Xingwei Song,Zechen Liu
Waste motor oil/lubricating oil (WMO) is a hazardous and important resource. The waste siloxane-based motor oil/lubricating oil (WSMO) has a special composition based on siloxane. The WSMO has a large and increasing production worldwide. In this paper, the feasibility of WSMO as a collector for low-rank coal (LRC) flotation was discussed with a comparison to diesel oil (DO). The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to analyze the chemical composition of WSMO. The flotation experiment was conducted to investigate the collectivity and selectivity of WSMO as an LRC collector. The interaction between WSMO and LRC was systematically analyzed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), contact angle, zeta potential, and induction time measurements. The results indicated that WSMO majorly contained dimethylsiloxane and cyclodimethysiloxane with various chain lengths. High concentrates yield and low ash content was obtained in the flotation using WSMO. The adsorption of WSMO can mask the oxygen-containing groups (OCGs) on the LRC surface, leading to an increase of C content and a decrease in O content. This was beneficial to improve the hydrophobicity of the LRC surface so that the water-coal contact angle increased from 35.6° to 57.85° after WSMO treatment. Moreover, a significant increase in zeta potential was observed in the pH range of 4 to 10. LRC particles pretreated with WSMO were more easily adhere to the bubble surface in a short induction time of 40 ms. It was demonstrated that WSMO was an effective collector to promote LRC flotation.
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COMBUSTION AND FLAME
·
2021
·
IF 4.185
Hanyu Chen,Xi Wang,Yingwei Zhang,Yaoqi Hou
In a flow reactor, the pyrolysis process of n-pentane in the 450–750 °C temperature range was investigated at 760 Torr. The pyrolysis products, particularly free radicals and isomers, were identified using synchrotron radiation vacuum ultraviolet photoionization mass spectrometry, and their mole fractions were determined. In this study, the existing n-pentane pyrolysis kinetic model was updated according to the C 5 -mechanism, and the new pyrolysis data were validated. The rate of production and sensitivity analyses were conducted to determine the significant reactions controlling the pyrolysis of fuel and their effects on the reactant concentration and product species profiles. The unimolecular decomposition reaction and free radical attack reaction via H attack dominate n-pentane pyrolysis at atmospheric pressure. Alkenes including 1-pentene, 1-butene, propene and ethylene are produced with higher concentrations than other product species in n-pentane pyrolysis.
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LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2020
·
IF 4.006
Tiantian Min,Xiaoli Sun,Zhipeng Yuan,Liping Zhou,Xiangyu Jiao,Junwei Zha,Zhu Zhu,Yongqiang Wen
The objective of this work is to explore a new pathway to develop active packaging materials. Currently, controlled release materials have attracted considerable attention in food packaging applications. In this study, the thyme essential oil (TEO) was loaded in electrospinning porous poly(lactic acid) (PLA) nanofibers and coated with poly(vinyl alcohol)/poly(ethylene glycol) (PVA/PEG) blends for humidity-controlled TEO release. The images of scanning electron microscope displayed uniform pores distributed on the surface of PLA nanofibers. Water contact angle measurement indicated that PVA/PEG coating provided the packaging film with excellent hydrophilicity. ATR-FTIR spectral analysis supported the chemical composition of the films. The antibacterial activities of PLA/TEO/PVA/PEG films against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus reached ＞99%. Furthermore, the weight loss and firmness of strawberries packaged with this novel film were evaluated. Finally, the in vitro release behaviors of TEO were evaluated and the results demonstrated that the release rate could be controlled by adjusting the humidity (20% RH to 80% RH).
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TALANTA
·
2020
·
IF 5.339
Xue Li,Yuan-Yuan Cui,Cheng-Xiong Yang
Microporous organic networks (MONs) have shown great promise in separation science recently. Exploring novel, simple and convenient strategy to fabricate MONs coated capillary columns for gas chromatography (GC) still remains challenging but desirable for the development of MONs in chromatographic separation. To extend the potential application of MONs in separation science and to further develop novel method for the fabrication of MONs-based capillary columns, here we demonstrate a novel covalent coupling strategy to fabricate uniform MONs bonded capillary columns for GC separation of position isomers and hydrocarbons. The bare capillary column was firstly modified with (3-bromopropyl)trimethoxysilane to provide bromine sites for coupling with alkynyl monomers . The amino- and hydroxyl-functionalized MONs (MON-NH 2 and MON-OH) were then directly grown onto the inner wall of the brominated capillary columns via the covalent coupling between bromine and alkynyl groups. The uniform MON-NH 2 and MON-OH bonded capillary columns were obtained and showed good resolution for GC separation of dichlorobenzene , chlorotoluene, bromotoluene, and propylbenzene position isomers and many other hydrocarbons including linear alkanes, alkylbenzenes , pinene isomers, cyclohexane and benzene, ketones and aldehydes. The MONs bonded capillary columns also owned good lifetime and precision for dichlorobenzene isomers with the relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 0.2–0.3%, 1.2–2.1%, and 1.7–2.5% for retention time, peak height and peak area, respectively. In addition, the fabricated MON-NH 2 and MON-OH bonded capillary columns offered better resolution than commercial InertCap-1, InertCap-5, InertCap-1701 and InertCap-WAX capillary columns for the separation of chlorotoluene and bromotoluene position isomers. These results revealed the feasibility of covalent coupling strategy to fabricate MONs-based stationary phases in GC, highlighting the potential of MONs in separation science.
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
·
2020
·
IF 3.99
Rui Wang,Fengyu Wang,Yi Gong,Hua Cheng,Mengting Shu,Tengfei Qin,Xin Ding,Rui Hu,Kang Zheng,Xian Zhang,Lin Chen,Xingyou Tian
Colloidal particles self-assembled at oil-water interfaces of Pickering emulsion served as a desired template for functional materials fabrication, raising broad attention from pharmaceutical engineering. Linking interfacial colloidal particles in Pickering emulsion based on strong molecular bonding, such as covalent bonding and ionic bonding have been widely investigated for colloidosomes preparation. This study demonstrated that relatively weak intermolecular interactions such as chemical coordination bond and hydrogen bond can also regulate the distribution of inorganic particles at the oil-water interface of emulsion. Pickering emulsion stabilized by boron nitride (BN) particles has been systematically studied by tuning the dissolved polymer in water phase after lyophilization (freeze-drying). The morphology of as-formed polymer-BN composite exhibited hollow microcapsules, “sphere-strip” mixture and aerogel, respectively, depending on the polymer/BN and polymer/water interaction. The mechanism of polymer regulating Pickering emulsion morphology has been proposed, which will enrich the current understanding of Pickering emulsion behavior during lyophilization and provide new strategy for the fabrication of functional materials.
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Materials Horizons
·
2021
·Vol. 8
·期 9
·2541-2552
·
IF 13.266
Lizhong Dong,Ming Ren,Yulian Wang,Jian Qiao,Yulong Wu,Jianfeng He,Xulin Wei,Jiangtao Di,Qingwen Li
Artificial muscle fibers as a promising biomimetic actuator are needed for such applications as smart soft robots, muscle function restoration, and physical augmentation. Currently developed artificial muscle fibers have shown attractive performance in contractile and torsional actuations. However, the contractile muscle fibers do not have the capability of stimulus-responsive elongation, and real-time identifying their contractile position by themselves is still challenging. We report herein the preparation of a Ti3C2Tx MXene/single walled carbon-nanotubes (SWCNTs)-coated carbon nanotube (CNT)@polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) coaxial muscle fiber that integrates the important features of self-position sensing and bi-lengthwise actuation. The bi-lengthwise actuation is realized by utilizing the large expansion coefficient difference of PDMS in response to solvent and heat, which results in ∼5% maximum elongation by n-heptane adsorption and ∼19% maximum contraction by electric heating under the optimal conditions. Meanwhile, due to the piezoresistive effect of the MXene/SWCNTs layer, the resistance change of this coating layer is almost linearly dependent on the contraction of the coaxial muscle fiber, providing a function of real-time self-position sensing. Furthermore, an application of using a bundle of these multifunctional coaxial muscle fibers for a bionic arm has been demonstrated, which provides new insights into the design of integrated intelligent artificial muscles with synergistic multiple functions.
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Chemical Engineering and Processing-Process Intensification
·
2021
·
IF 4.237
Xiaoke Ma,Bing Liu,Kun Dong,Yong Yuan,Guang-Wen Chu,Hai-Kui Zou,Bao-Chang Sun
This study presents the synthesis of petroleum sulfonate (PS) via gas-phase SO3 sulfonation in a rotating packed bed (RPB) and the relationship between the interfacial tension (IFT) at the oil-aqueous interface and the composition of PS. Through the process optimization, the content of active matter in the prepared PS could reach up to 42.5%, which was significantly higher than that in the industrial production (38%). Moreover, the oil-aqueous IFT could reach an ultra-low value of 1.41×10-3 mN/m. The analysis results of PS composition and IFT indicated that the oil-aqueous IFT was mainly affected by the content of alkyl benzene, alkyl indane, alkyl acenaphthylene and alkyl naphthalene sulfonates in PS. In addition, a correlation coefficient, which was consistent with the interfacial tension, was established for evaluation of the similarity between PS samples.
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FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
·
2019
·
IF 4.507
Huiying Wang,Zhenning Yang,Jie Liu,Guozhu Li,Xiangwen Zhang
Coking during endothermic hydrocarbon fuel cracking is a key problem that has to be considered. In this study, anti-coking effect was systematically studied by using water, ethanol and HPW as additives on the coatings of CsOH and BaCeO 3 during RP-3 cracking. The morphology, type and amount of coke deposits on the coatings were characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), temperature programmed oxidation (TPO) and quantitative carbonization method, respectively. The results show that either the additive or the catalytic coating can effectively remove the coke deposits on the reaction tube. Remarkably, BaCeO 3 coating is more effective in inhibiting the formation of fiber coke compared with CsOH coating，which is conducive to the cracking reaction. The best anti-coking effect is achieved by using 5 wt% ethanol as additive on the BaCeO 3 /HPW coating, and the inhibiting percentage is 97%. In addition, a possible anti-coking mechanism of carbon-steam gasification through BaCeO 3 /HPW coating and ethanol has been proposed.
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