INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
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2022
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IF 6.449
Kejing Wu,Yi Liu,Chunyan Yang,Siyang Tang,Changjun Liu,Yingying Liu,Houfang Lu,Bin Liang
A novel and practical CaCl 2 salt templating method is used to tune the pore size of carbon materials from calcium lignosulfonate. In-situ crystalized CaCl 2 particles serve as templates for mesopores and as carbonization substrates. Hierarchical carbons are constructed using coupled SiO 2 spheres and CaCl 2 templates. The SiO 2 spheres improve the pore size assigned to CaCl 2 particles and high CaCl 2 :lignin mass ratios benefit large CaCl 2 crystals to improve the size of mesopores. The porous carbons are used as supports of molybdenum carbide (MoC) with C-C and C-O cleavage activity for Kraft lignin decomposition into aromatic monomers. The results show that MoC over porous carbon supports achieves the highest aromatic yield of 0.716 g/g Kraft lignin and exhibits high stability of aromatic yields. Suitable pore size for lignin macromolecule diffusion significantly enhances the catalytic performance of molybdenum carbide.
研究领域:
材料科学
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催化化学
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生物质转化
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
·
2024
·Vol. 48
·期 21
·9663-9671
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IF 2.7
Huimin Ren,Qiuchen Wang,Yanzhi Sun,Yongmei Chen,Pingyu Wan,Junqing Pan
Purification treatment is needed to control the concentration of SO42− and Ca2+ in brine to solve the problem of low electrolysis efficiency for the electrolysis of KCl solution in the chlor-alkali industry. However, the traditional barium method to remove SO42− faces the problem of high cost and environmental pollution. Herein, inexpensive and environmentally friendly anhydrous calcium chloride was used as the precipitant to replace barium chloride. The conditions for SO42− removal at room temperature were optimized by studying the precipitant doping ratio, reaction time, and stirring speed. The results indicated that the concentration of SO42− in brine could be reduced to less than 5 g L−1 at a raw material ratio of nCa2+ to nSO42− of 1.1 : 1, a stirring speed of 300 rpm, and a reaction time of 120 min. Ca2+ in the solution could be removed by introducing carbon dioxide, and the removal rate of Ca2+could reach 99.89% by adjusting the pH of the solution to an appropriate value. This work paves a new way for efficient brine refining to boost sustainable development in the chlor-alkali industry.
研究领域:
化学工程
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环境科学
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
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2020
·Vol. 96
·期 5
·1176-1186
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IF 2.75
Meng Zhang,Yu-Jie Weng,Yu-Qing Zhang
BACKGROUND Silk fibroin has attracted extensive attention due to its useful biological properties. However, in the regeneration process of silk fibroin, the need for highly concentrated neutral salt dissolution and long-term dialysis greatly hinder the development of silk biomaterials. RESULTS A 3-fold volume of isopropanol (IP) was added to one volume of 20% (w/v) silk fibroin solution dissolved in a CaCl 2 -EtOH-H 2 O ternary system (SFTS) to extract the protein. The extraction resulted in the precipitate consisted of aggregated silk fibroin in the SFTS. The extracted protein was easily resolubilised in water. Compared with the original dialysis time required for the SFTS, the dialysis time of the extracted protein was shortened by nearly half. When the SFTS was diluted with a 2.5-fold volume of water, the same IP extraction resulted in the dialysis time being shortened by two thirds. SDS-PAGE showed that IP extraction did not cause breakage of the silk peptide chain. FTIR and X-ray diffraction indicated this extraction had no influence on the secondary structure of silk fibroin. CONCLUSION Excess IP extraction effectively accelerates the desalting and purification of fibroin in a CaCl 2 -EtOH-H 2 O ternary system without affecting the protein structure, thus greatly improving the regeneration efficiency of silk fibroin. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
研究领域:
材料科学
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生物化学
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
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2024
·
IF 3.3
Ruixia Chen,Xiao-Chen Liu,Xianqi Yao,Wei Wang,Junyi Xiang,Igor Tomasevic,Weizheng Sun
BACKGROUND High-sodium intake has been proven to bring serious risks to public health. A potential sodium substitute of salt taste-enhancing hydrolysate (STEH) of protein has been focused on recently. The salt taste-enhancing activity (STEA) of STEH still needs to be improved. High-pressure and calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ) pretreatments were reported to affect proteolysis and promote the release of bioactive peptides. Hence, we investigated effects of high-pressure and CaCl 2 pretreatments on hydrolysis and STEA of STEH derived from spent hen. RESULTS The pretreatments significantly influenced STEA of spent hen meat hydrolysate (SHH), especially 200 MPa pressure and 80 mmol L −1 CaCl 2 pretreatments increased 27.1% salt taste intensity of SHH compared to that of blank (without pretreatments) according to sensory evaluation, the SHH umami also increased after pretreatments. In SHH, the proportion of peptides < 1000 Da increased up to 79.37% after the pretreatments compared to 73.68% of the blank. The degree of hydrolysis (DH) increased to 19.45% for moderate high-pressure (200 MPa) from 18.02% for blank, and the DH decreased after higher high-pressure and CaCl 2 pretreatments, especially for CaCl 2 in 80 mmol L −1 . The change in particle size distribution of SHH has similar trends to DH. CONCLUSION High-pressure and CaCl 2 pretreatments increased STEA of SHH by affecting hydrolysis process. The STEA increase may be related to increased small-peptide proportion in SHH. Meanwhile, moderate high-pressure may promote protein unfolding and further increase DH according to particle size distribution of SHH. The combination of proteolysis and pretreatments of high-pressure and CaCl 2 is a promising method to produce STEH. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
研究领域:
食品科学
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生物化学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 13.3
Xuhui Ye,Hongyu Huang,Luzhuo Chen,Yi Wang,Mingcen Weng,Lina Zhang,Zhiling Luo
Hydrogel electrolytes are widely employed in supercapacitors (SCs), but the water evaporation in electrolytes can lead to the device failure. Therefore, developing sustainable hydrogel electrolyte that can replenish water from air is highly desirable. Here, we propose a sustainable electrolyte utilizing the hygroscopic CaCl 2 . The introduction of CaCl 2 can greatly enhance the water retentivity of the hydrogel, and ion conductivity and voltage window are also improved simultaneously. The water evaporation dynamics of the electrolyte are systematically studied and it reveals that the mass ratio between water and the polymer matrix played a key role in the performance of the hydrogel electrolyte. An all-round SC based on this sustainable electrolyte was prepared utilizing the all-in-one electrodes. The voltage window can reach 1.8 V, achieving an energy density of 164.5 μWh cm −2 . Importantly, the all-round SC can operate sustainably in an open condition with fluctuated humidity (35 % RH ∼ 75 % RH) for more than 1 week. The performance of SC experiences a decline due to the water loss when the environment gets dried but recovers when the humidity rises by absorbing water from air. In contrast, the conventional SC, with a smaller energy storage capacity, quickly fails within few hours. The applications of the all-round SCs have been demonstrated, showing their potential in a wide range of wearable energy storage.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源存储
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Building Engineering
·
2024
·
IF 6.7
Yanchen Oinam,Mandip Dahal,Minwuye Mesfin,Solmoi Park,Hyeong-Ki Kim,Sukhoon Pyo
The study aimed to achieve high strength in slag-based cementless ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) while investigating the role of calcium formate and calcium chloride as accelerators using advanced characterization and microstructural analysis . The UHPC specimens were evaluated using various techniques, including heat of hydration, thermogravimetric analysis , X-ray diffraction, nuclear magnetic resonance, scanning electron microscopy, and porosity measurements . The results showed that both accelerators improved the UHPC properties, with calcium formate being more effective than calcium chloride, as evidenced by higher heat of hydration, improved microstructure, and lower porosity. Furthermore, the thermodynamic modeling revealed insightful information on the reaction mechanisms with C-(N-)A-S-H and hydrotalcite as the primary hydration products formed in the matrix. Notably, the UHPC specimens with calcium chloride exhibited a very low pH value, which could increase the risk of corrosion in reinforced structures. Therefore, the use of calcium formate as an accelerator can lead to the development of cementless UHPC with superior properties.
研究领域:
材料科学
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土木工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
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2022
·
IF 4.326
Jiashu Liu,Shengnan Zhao,Song Song,Haifeng Cong,Wei Luo,Tong Ding,Ye Tian,Xingang Li
One-step lactide (LD) synthesis from lactic acid (LA) is a promising method for an economically viable polylactic acid (PLA) industry. However, this synthesis is based on a highly water-sensitive esterification reaction, and few studies focus on developing an efficient method to improve its activity by water removal from the reaction environment. Herein, we report a new strategy coupling salt-promoted toluene–water phase separation with heteroazeotropic distillation to enhance water removal to realize highly efficient LD synthesis. Different kinds of chloride salts (LiCl, NaCl, CsCl, MgCl2, and CaCl2) were selected to study their influence on the reaction. The highest yield of LD (84.7%) was obtained when CaCl2 was added, much higher than that of the salt-free reaction (72.3%). Hydrated Ca2+ cations with relatively large charge number and small radius can efficiently reduce the solubility of water in toluene due to their strong electrostatic force to attract more water molecules. Mechanism studies demonstrate that the increased yield of LD after adding CaCl2 was attributed to its significant inhibition of LD hydrolysis resulting from the deep water removal from the toluene solvent.
研究领域:
化学工程
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高分子化学
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绿色化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ENERGY
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2022
·
IF 8.857
Yan Wang,Jiahao Sui,Zijie Xu
As a cost-effective phase change thermal storage material, calcium chloride hexahydrate exhibits high heat capacity and holds tremendous promise in building energy savings . However, as a kind of hydrated salt , it also suffers from the issues of phase stratification and high degree of supercooling. Thus, present work has studied the inorganic mixtures of hydrated chloride salts and prepared a novel kind of binary eutectic phase change thermal storage material via replacing calcium chloride hexahydrate by various mass ration of magnesium chloride hexahydrate. The initial research results showed that both the components liquefied simultaneously during melting and the phase stratification of eutectic system could be effectively alleviated. Nucleating agent led to a good restrain to the supercooling of inorganic eutectic and the subcooling degree could be found as small as 1 °C.Meanwhile, the small amount of additive would little affect the melting point and enthalpy of fusion of energy storage material. The thermal cycling tests showed that our as-prepared eutectic salts exhibited good thermal reliability with fixed phase transition temperature and almost no diminution of enthalpy, which indicated that this novel binary eutectic material possessed excellent and stable performance suitable for heat storage in building energy savings.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering
·
2020
·Vol. 15
·期 4
·e2485
·
IF 1.06
Qinyue Zheng,Xuelai Zhang,Jun Ji,Xinchen Zhou
In this study, an experimental investigation was conducted into the characteristics of different varieties of additives (including CaCl 2 , ethanol, and TiO 2 nanoparticles) in the vacuum ice-making system under adsorption condition. The concentration of CaCl 2 , ethanol, and TiO 2 nanoparticles were treated as experimental variables, while the supercooling degree, ice packing factor (IPF), flashing rate, thermal conductivity, and latent heat were taken as evaluation parameters. According to the experimental results, 0.20 wt% TiO 2 nanoparticles and 1 wt% CaCl 2 are applicable as additive, the former is superior to the latter, and ethanol is not suitable for use as additive. Under the optimal conditions, compared with distilled water, the supercooling degree, IPF, and thermal conductivity of TiO 2 nanofluids are improved by 77.92%, 40.61%, and 57.23%, respectively; for CaCl 2 solution, the supercooling degree and IPF are improved by 9.96% and 84.67%, respectively. Furthermore, though the flashing rate increases with the addition of additives, the flashing driving force remains sufficient. The latent heat of nanofluids is barely affected by the addition of nanoparticles. As the CaCl 2 concentration is on the rise, both the thermal conductivity and the latent heat of CaCl 2 solution show a decreasing trend.
研究领域:
制冷工程
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热能工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SOLAR ENERGY
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2020
·
IF 4.608
Yongyichuan Zhang,Xuelai Zhang
PV-PCM technology can not only achieve higher photoelectric conversion efficiency, but also has the advantages of energy saving, high efficiency, and economical applicability. In this paper, a new type of CaCl 2 ·6H 2 O-MgCl 2 ·6H 2 O composite PCM for PV-PCM was prepared by physical blending method using calcium chloride hexahydrate-magnesium chloride eutectic mixture as PCM and expanded graphite as carrier. The shape stability, thermal properties and thermal reliability of CaCl 2 ·6H 2 O-MgCl 2 ·6H 2 O eutectic materials under EG conditions were discussed. The change of temperature and output power of PV panel combined with PV-PCM was studied. The experimental results show that the CaCl 2 ·6H 2 O-MgCl 2 ·6H 2 O composite with 8 %EG has high phase change enthalpy (171.4 kJ/kg), suitable phase change temperature (27.1 °C), and negligible supercooling degree (0.11 °C) and excellent thermal conductivity (3.359 W/m·K). After 100 heating–cooling cycles, the modified composite phase change material still has excellent thermal reliability. Surface temperature of photovoltaic panels can be significantly reduced, and the average temperature of photovoltaic panels can be kept below 40 °C. The photovoltaic panel power can work for a long time (3.5–4 h) close to the rated power, keeping the photovoltaic panel power at a high and stable state, and producing 7.9% more power than using only photovoltaic panels to generate electricity.
研究领域:
能源材料
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光伏技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2021
·Vol. 56
·期 12
·6322-6334
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IF 3.713
Yu Wang,Yan-hong Bai,Fei Ma,Ke Li,Hui Zhou,Cong-gui Chen
Summary A combination of high-pressure processing (HPP, 200 MPa, 10 min) and CaCl 2 (0.2%, w/w) on the cooking loss (CL), expressible moisture (EM), textural properties (hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, chewiness and firmness) and sensory attributes of reduced-sodium (1.25% NaCl) chicken meat batters (RCMB) was investigated. The results revealed that combining HPP with CaCl 2 significantly decreased EM, elevated sensory properties and acted synergistically in reducing CL and improving hardness, chewiness and firmness, which enabled RCMB to obtain quality characteristics similar to those with high salt (2.5% NaCl) content. These changes brought about by combined HPP and CaCl 2 could be attributed to increased apparent viscosity and proportion of immobilised water, enhanced rheological (elastic) properties and a denser, homogeneous protein gel network with evenly dispersed small fat globules. It is interesting to take advantage of the synergy between moderate HPP and low concentrations of CaCl 2 to develop meat products with reduced sodium content.
研究领域:
食品科学
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生物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
·
2018
·Vol. 71
·期 6
·416-421
·
IF 1.059
Ouyang Dong,Zhihong Zhang,Zhenhai Fu,Xiang Li
A new phase-change material (PCM) CaCl2·6H2O + MgCl2·6H2O + NH4Cl was investigated in this paper. MgCl2·6H2O and NH4Cl were mixed with CaCl2·6H2O to obtain CaCl2·6H2O as a eutectic hydrate salt. The results show that the eutectic composition of the PCM is as follows: 90 wt- % CaCl2·6H2O, 6.25 wt- % MgCl2·6H2O and 3.75 wt- % NH4Cl; the undercooling degree is less than 1.5°C when the nucleating agent is 2 wt- % SrCl2·6H2O or 1.5 wt- % Ba(OH)2·8H2O. The phase-change temperature and latent heat are respectively 25.3°C and 144.3 J g−1 when the composition is 90 wt- % CaCl2·6H2O, 6.25 wt- % MgCl2·6H2O, 3.75 wt- %, NH4Cl, with 2 wt- % SrCl2·6H2O as nucleating agent, and 2 wt- % carboxymethyl cellulose as thickener. In addition, when the composition is changed to 90 wt- % CaCl2·6H2O, 6.25 wt- % MgCl2·6H2O, 3.75 wt- % NH4Cl, 1.5 wt- % Ba(OH)2·8H2O and 2 wt- % carboxymethyl cellulose, the phase change temperature and latent heat are 25.2°C and 139.3 J g−1, respectively.
研究领域:
材料科学
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热能存储
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）