DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS
·
2024
·
IF 4.3
Song He,Tao He,Qilin Chen,Xiaoben Zhao,Peng Xiao,Xiaobing Yang
An innovative “material-component-whole” evaluation model was used to assess the overall protective performance of gas masks against ammonia. Coconut shell-based carbon (AC-S), coconut shell-impregnated carbon (ACCu-S), coal-based carbon (AC-C), and coal-impregnated carbon (ACCu-C) were chosen as the adsorbents for this study. The physicochemical characteristics of the activated carbon samples were analyzed through SEM, BET, FT-IR, EA, XPS and XRD tests. This research delves into the breakthrough curves of ammonia gas by the activated carbon and canisters under varying concentrations of ammonia, ambient temperatures, airflow velocities, and relative humidity, also exploring the breakthrough curves of ammonia gas by gas masks under different ammonia concentrations and airflow patterns while considering both dynamic and static adsorption of activated carbon. The empirical results show that increased levels of ammonia concentration, ambient temperature, and airflow velocities lead to decreased protection duration of activated carbon and canisters. Conversely, an elevation in the relative humidity within the ammonia gas stream results in an expansion of the protection time. This study found a linear correlation between the protection time of S and C canisters and the corresponding protection time of the impregnated carbon. Lastly, the protective time of gas masks in sinusoidal airflow mode is highlighted as having a more significant impact.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POROUS MATERIALS
·
2023
·Vol. 30
·期 5
·1675-1685
·
IF 2.6
Liu Xiaolin,Zeng Zexin,Ning Xutao,Zeng Bin,He Tao,Li Kewen,Zhang Lei
A facile method for the preparation of oxygen and nitrogen self-doped biochar is developed in this work through the application of one-step chemical activation by using pre-oxidized camellia combing graphene oxide. The extracted results revealed that the obtained biochar had a micropores structure while the nitrogen, oxygen heteroatoms were successfully homogeneously introduced into the carbon frameworks. The specific surface area of the GC-700-4 was about 1343 cm 2 g −1 with oxygen and nitrogen contents of nearly 15.6 at.% and 2.4 at.%, respectively. When used as an electrode for supercapacitors, the GC-700-4 compound shows the highest area-specific capacitance of 2,206 mF cm −2 at 1 mA cm −2 , and capacitance retention of about 97.4% after 5000 cycles. Moreover, the proposed symmetric supercapacitor device was fabricated based on GC-700-4, which exhibits a high gravimetric capacitance value of 236.5 F g −1 and capacity retention of 94.2% after the enforcement of 10,000 cycles at 20 A g −1 , as well as an excellent rate capability. These results confirm that graphene wrapped in biochar can change its morphology, and improve its conductivity and electrochemical performance, while graphene wrapped on the surface of biochar is only beneficial to improve the cycle stability of capacitors.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源存储
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 9.7
Qinglian Wu,Lin Deng,Tian Lan,Hui Wang,Kaiming Wang,Huacheng Zhu,Yanping Zhou,Wanqian Guo
The integration of biochar into microbial Chain Elongation (CE) proves to be an effective tool of producing high-value bio-based products. This study innovatively applied biochar fabricated under microwave irradiation with carbon fiber cloth assistance into CE system. Results highlighted that microwave biochar achieved maximal CE efficiency yielding 8 g COD/L, with 3-fold increase to the blank group devoid of any biochar. Microwave biochar also obtained the highest substrate utilization rate of 94 %, while conventional biochar group recorded 90 % and the blank group was of 74 %. Mechanistic insights revealed that the reductive surface properties facilitated CE performance, which is relevant to fostering dominant genera of Parabacteroides , Bacteroides , and Macellibacteroides . By metagenomics, microwave biochar up-regulated functional genes and enzymes involved in CE process including ethanol oxidation, the reverse β-oxidation pathway, and the fatty acid biosynthesis pathway. This study effectively facilitated caproate production by utilizing a new microwave biochar preparation strategy.
研究领域:
环境工程
·
微生物学
·
生物技术
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2023
·
IF 6.6
Dongpeng Mao,Penghu Duan,Xinyao Wang,Peng Wang,Chuanyu Qin,Yunxian Piao
Benzo[ a ]pyrene (BaP), as a typical polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon , is severely hazardous to human for having great carcinogenic and teratogenic activities. Here, we propose a cascade electrochemical reaction-based BaP detection method by using novel synthesized reduced and hierarchically porous biochar (RP-BC) as conductive and analysts binding material. The RP-BC was synthesized by green hydrothermal reduction of sugarcane derived biochar, which was demonstrated to have huge specific surface area with hierarchically porous structures, great content of sp 2 carbon, and fast electron transfer ability. The RP-BC film coated on glassy carbon electrode could preferentially adsorb and enrich BaP by strong π-π electron donor-acceptor (EDA) interaction and pore interception effect, so fast (5 min) and selective detection of BaP was achieved. Moreover, the low detection limit was 0.090 nmol·mL −1 with linear range being 0.32 to 80 nmol·mL −1 . In addition, the detection of BaP in groundwater and tap water was realized with satisfactory results, suggesting the potential of practical environmental monitoring.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料科学
·
分析化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
·
2023
·Vol. 30
·期 41
·94185-94194
·
IF 5.8
Chen Zi-Le,Zhang Yu-Nan,Guo Jian-Zhong,Chen Lin,Li Bing
Hydrochar is an environmentally friendly and cheap adsorbent, but its adsorption amounts for anions is very limited. The functionalized hydrochar can overcome this shortcoming. Herein, polyethyleneimine-modified hydrochar (PEI-HC) was synthesized from hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of methyl acrylate and bamboo after addition of initiator ammonium persulfate, and then modified by polyethyleneimine (PEI), which was used to treat Cr(VI). PEI-HC was tested by XANES, EXAFS, SEM-EDS, XPS, FTIR, N 2 sorption isotherms, zeta potential, and elemental analyses. The characterizations showed that PEI was successfully grafted onto hydrochar, and the PEI-HC was rich in N and O functional groups, which presented high Cr(VI) sorption ability (528.41 mg·g −1 at pH 2). The bath experiments found the pseudo-second-order kinetic and Freundlich equations can well describe the adsorption kinetics and isotherm of the Cr(VI) adsorption onto PEI-HC, respectively. Electrostatic interaction, reduction, complexation, and H-bonding are the main removal mechanisms as supported by XANES, EXAFS, XPS, and FTIR. This study provides a strategy of combining HTC and free radical graft polymerization to convert agricultural and forestry wastes into functionalized hydrochar, showing highly efficient removal of Cr(VI).
研究领域:
环境科学
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT
·
2024
·Vol. 196
·期 9
·1-12
·
IF 2.9
Ni Zifan,Chen Xuehai,Cui Min,Li Jia
The small particle size of nanoplastics allows them to migrate through soil and make them highly bioavailable, posing a potential threat to groundwater. Measures are urgently needed to reduce the migration of nanoplastics in soil. However, there is limited research available on this topic. In this study, two types of iron-modified biochar (magnetic corncob biochar (MCCBC) and magnetic walnut shell biochar (MWSBC)) were selected and their effects on the transport of polyvinyl chloride nanoplastics (PVC-NPs) in natural sandy soil columns under different ionic types and strengths were investigated. The results show that the transport of PVC-NPs in single sandy soil columns was rapid and efficient, with the estimated breakthrough rate of 85.10%. However, the presence of MCCBC and MWSBC (0.5%, w/w) significantly inhibited the transport of PVC-NPs in sandy soil columns ( p < 0.05), and MCCBC had a stronger inhibitory effect on the transport of PVC-NPs than MWSBC. This can be attributed to the fact that the adsorption of PVC-NPs on adsorbents followed the order as: MCCBC > MWSBC > sandy soil. The retention of PVC-NPs by MCCBC and MWSBC is determined by ionic type and ionic strength. The presence of coexisting ions enhanced the inhibitory effect of iron-modified biochar on the transport of PVC-NPs, with the following order: Ca 2+ > SO2- 4 > Cl − > NO- 3. The inhibitory effect of MCCBC and MWSBC on the transport of PVC-NPs in soil columns increased with increasing ionic strengths. Furthermore, MCCBC and MWSBC inhibited the migration of PVC-NPs in a rainwater-soil system. The mechanisms by which MCCBC and MWSBC affect the transport of PVC-NPs in soil columns were considered to enhancing adsorption and decreasing soil pore volume. The results provide new insights into the management of soil nanoplastic pollution.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
土壤学
·
污染控制
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Forests
·
2024
·Vol. 15
·期 4
·622
·
IF 2.4
Fangchao Zhang,Weiwei Lu,Fengjie Jin
The stability of biochar is fundamental to its soil carbon (C) sequestration potential. The relative importance of chemical recalcitrance and the soil microbial community on biochar stability is still unclear. To unveil the question, we conducted a 60-day incubation to explore the stability of two rice-straw-derived biochars pyrolyzed at 300 and 500 °C (denoted as BS300 and BS500), as well as the relative contribution of the soil microbial community and biochar chemical recalcitrance to biochar stability in a poplar plantation soil. Biochar-derived cumulative carbon dioxide (CO2) emission was estimated to be 41.3 and 6.80 mg C kg−1, accounting for 0.73 and 0.11% of the amended biochar-derived organic C (OC) in BS300 and BS500 treatments, respectively. The mean retention time (MRT) estimated by double-exponential model fitting was 49.4 years for BS300 and 231 years for BS500. Compared to control, BS300 and BS500 decreased β-D-glucosidase activity by 20.9 and 18.0%, while they decreased phenol oxidase activity by 31.8 and 18.9%, respectively. Furthermore, BS300 increased the soil microbial metabolic quotient (qCO2) by 155%, but BS500 decreased it by 13.4%. In addition, BS300 resulted in a 520% higher biochar-derived hot-water-extractable OC than BS500. Partial least-squares path modeling (PLSPM) showed that the path efficients of biochar’s chemical recalcitrance and microbialqCO2were 0.52 and 0.25, respectively, and that of the soil microbial activity is neglected. We conclude from this short-term study that chemical recalcitrance imposed a greater effect than soil microbial community on biochar stability.
研究领域:
土壤科学
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环境科学
·
微生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 13.3
Jinye Hu,Wenguang Zhou,Yunpu Wang,Haiwei Jiang,Jiabo Wu,Ting Luo,Mengjiao Wang,Weixin Wang,Qi Wang,Yuhang Hu,Liangliang Fan
HZSM-5 widely used for the catalytic pyrolysis of biomass exhibits the drawbacks of high diffusion resistance and large coke production. To effectively enhance the catalytic efficiency and alleviate the coke deposition, a novel promising catalyst, HZSM-5 coated activated carbon (HZSM-5@AC), was prepared for the first time for in-line upgrading the pyrolysis products of soybean straw. Various catalysts including HZSM-5, activated carbon, and the HZSM-5@AC catalysts with different HZSM-5 to activated carbon mass ratios were characterized. The results showed that the HZSM-5 was successfully coated on the surface of activated carbon and the addition of activated carbon introduced a mesoporous structure and more acidic sites to the catalyst. The catalytic performance on the biomass conversion showed that the catalyst with HZSM-5-to-activated carbon mass ratio of 18:5 (18HZSM-5@5AC) had the highest catalytic efficiency on the conversion of biomass into aromatics with a selectivity of 99.5%, including 75.68% of benzene, toluene, and xylenes (BTX) with a yield of 74.68 mg/g. Moreover, a possible pathway for HZSM-5@AC catalyzed biomass pyrolysis was proposed through analyzing the conversion of model compounds. The catalyst cycling experiments demonstrated the higher stability of HZSM-5@AC than the parent HZSM-5 and activated carbon. TG, FTIR, Raman and SEM showed that the spent HZSM-5@AC was hardly structurally changed with a low coke yield of 0.08%. However, the spent HZSM-5 was partly structurally deactivated by large aromatic ring systems with a coke yield of 3.74%. SEM results also showed that a large amount of polymerized material encapsulated the surface of the spent HZSM-5.
研究领域:
能源化学
·
催化材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMOSPHERE
·
2022
·
IF 8.943
Lina Qian,Su Yan,Xiaoyu Yong,Manickam Selvaraj,Hamed A. Ghramh,Mohammed A. Assiri,Xueying Zhang,Mukesh Kumar Awasthi,Jun Zhou
Excess sludge produced from biological wastewater treatment plant in petroleum industry is a kind of hazardous solid waste. Converting the sludge into biochar catalysts may help to reduce its environmental risk, recover resources and increase economic efficiency. However, the role of the sludge biochar in persulfate activation remains unclear, limiting its application in removing organic pollutants from water body. In this study, metal-rich petrochemical sludge was used to produce activated sludge biochar (ASC) via a two-step method of pyrolytic carbonization (400 °C–800 °C) and subsequent KOH activation (abbreviated as ASC 400–800). The physio-chemical properties of ASC 400–800 were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and Raman. The chloramphenicol (CAP) removal performances of ASC 400-800/peroxymonosulfate (PMS) systems were evaluated. Results showed that porous sludge biochar was successfully prepared by the two-step method. At 800 °C, the specific surface area of ASC reached the highest value of 202.92 m 2 g −1 . At 600–800 °C, Fe 3 O 4 , Fe 0 , and graphitized carbon were formed in ASC. Among ASC 400–800, ASC 800 exhibited the best CAP removal performance in ASC 800/PMS system by adsorption combined with catalytic degradation. The optimal conditions identified for 0.31 mM CAP removal were ASC 800 2.0 g L −1 , PMS 6.2 mM, and pH 2.0. SO 4 •- , •OH, and 1 O 2 may contribute to CAP degradation. The degradation pathways of CAP were proposed based on the identified degradation intermediates. Overall, this study confirmed that porous biochar derived from petrochemical sludge was an effective adsorbent or PMS catalyst to remove organic pollutants from wastewater.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
废水处理
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH
·
2019
·Vol. 91
·期 7
·588-597
·
IF 1.24
Jingyao Zhou,Yuyan Liu,Yitong Han,Fanqi Jing,Jiawei Chen
The presence of fluoride in groundwater in excess of 1.5 mg L −1 is a major environmental health concern, and biochar is a promising low-cost adsorbent for the treatment of such water. In the present study, pristine and magnetic biochars were synthesized by peanut hull and bovine bone for the adsorption of fluoride. The biochars were systematically characterized by SEM-EDS, BET, XRD, VSM, FT-IR, and XPS. The experiment results showed that the magnetic biochar prepared by soaking biomass in FeCl 3 solution and then pyrolyzing (“prepyrolysis”) had a higher adsorption capacity than that prepared by mixing pristine biochar with Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ solution and then treating with NaOH (“postpyrolysis”). The bone-derived biochar and magnetic biochar exhibited high adsorption capacity of fluoride (>5 mg g −1 ) due to the presence of hydroxyapatite (HAP) and γ-Fe 2 O 3 . The 0.1 M NaOH solution could be optimal desorption agent, and the adsorption–desorption experiments indicated the bone biochars maintained the reasonable adsorption capacity after several cycles. Moreover, the coexisting Cr(VI) and fluoride could be removed simultaneously by bone-derived biochars. It is suggested that bovine bone-derived pristine and magnetic biochars can be used as preferential adsorbents for fluoride removal from contaminated groundwater. Practitioner points Bone-derived pristine and magnetic biochars exhibit high adsorption capacity for fluoride in weakly alkaline solution. The presence of hydroxyapatite and γ-Fe 2 O 3 in bone-derived biochars plays an important role for fluoride adsorption. Magnetic biochars prepared by soaking biomass in FeCl 3 solution and then pyrolyzing (“prepyrolysis”) perform better. The coexisting Cr(VI) and fluoride can be simultaneously removed in groundwater by bone biochars.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
水处理
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
·
2014
·Vol. 90
·期 3
·415-422
·
IF 2.494
Yanping Chen,Yiming Xu,Dang-guo Cheng,Yingcai Chen,Fengqiu Chen,Xiaoyong Lu,Yiping Huang,Songbo Ni
BACKGROUND The synthesis of C 2 –C 4 hydrocarbons from coal or biomass-derived syngas has received increasing attention because of the resource constraints of petroleum. The present study explores direct production of hydrocarbons from syngas over bifunctional catalyst containing methanol synthesis catalyst CuO–ZnO–Al 2 O 3 (CZA) and SAPO-34 zeolite. RESULTS The synthesis of C 2 –C 4 hydrocarbons from syngas was investigated over CZA/SAPO-34 bifunctional catalyst at temperatures ranging from 240 to 440°C. The results indicate that higher temperatures aggregate Cu metal and lead to the deactivation of CZA. The predominant products are dimethyl ether (DME) and methanol at temperatures from 280 to 360°C and a small amount of hydrocarbons are found due to the deactivation of SAPO-34 caused by a type of coke named ‘inert coke’. While 96.5% selectivity of C 2 –C 4 hydrocarbons in products of all hydrocarbons can be obtained at 400°C with less coke named ‘active coke’. CONCLUSION Reaction temperatures have significant effect on the selectivity of C 2 –C 4 hydrocarbons and coke species of SAPO-34. The ‘active coke’ of poly methyl-substituted benzene/naphthalene (MB/MN) acts both as an intermediate and as coke deposition. The ‘inert coke’ of poly methyl-substituted adamantine (MA) and other groups-substituted benzene/naphthalene acts only as coke depositions. Comprehensive consideration of the characteristics of this bifunctional catalyst, shows that a moderate temperature for C 2 –C 4 hydrocarbons synthesis from syngas might be approximately 400°C. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
研究领域:
化学工程
·
催化化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
MOLECULES
·
2018
·Vol. 24
·期 1
·128
·
IF 3.098
Mingliang Gao,Beihua Bao,Yudan Cao,Mingqiu Shan,Fangfang Cheng,Miao Jiang,Peidong Chen,Li Zhang
Carbonized pollen grains of Typha (CPT) were widely used in clinical for antithrombosis, wound and bleeding in China. In order to ensure the role of drugs, it is very important to control the quality of drugs. However, there is a lack of monitoring methods in the process of charcoal preparation. To characterize the process of CPT, we used thermal analysis, scanning electron microscope (SEM), color measurement, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) and HPLC. In this study, 7 min was the optimal processing time and the heating process condition should be controlled under 272.35 ± 7.23 °C. This comprehensive strategy to depict the whole carbonizing process would provide new ideas for researches on quality control of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and processing theory of charcoal medicine.Keywords:pollen grains of Typha;thermal analysis;carbonizing process;Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR)
研究领域:
药学
·
热分析
·
中医
·
光谱学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）