ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
·
2021
·
IF 9.028
Xiao-Xia Zhou,Shuai He,Yan Gao,Hai-Yuan Chi,Du-Jia Wang,Ze-Chen Li,Bing Yan
Micro- and nanoplastics unavoidably enter into organisms and humans as a result of widespread exposures through drinking waters, foods, and even inhalation. However, owing to the limited availability of quantitative analytical methods, the effect of nanoplastics inside animal bodies is poorly understood. Herein, we report a sensitive and robust method to determine the chemical composition, mass concentration, and size distribution of nanoplastics in biological matrices. This breakthrough is based on a novel procedure including alkaline digestion and protein precipitation to extract nanoplastics from tissues of aquatic animals, followed by quantitative analysis with pyrolysis gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The optimized procedure exhibited good reproducibility and high sensitivity with the respective detection limits of 0.03 μg/g for polystyrene (PS) nanoplastics and 0.09 μg/g poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) nanoplastics. This method also preserved the original morphology and size of nanoplastics. Furthermore, to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method, 14 species of aquatic animals were collected, and PS nanoplastics in a concentration range of 0.093–0.785 μg/g were detected in three of these animals. Recovery rates of 73.0–89.1% were further obtained for PS and PMMA nanospheres when they were spiked into the tissues of Zebra snail and Corbicula fluminea at levels of 1.84–2.12 μg/g. Consequently, this method provides a powerful tool for tracking nanoplastics in animals.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
分析化学
·
生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Nanomaterials
·
2025
·Vol. 15
·期 11
·789
·
IF 4.3
Shunqi Mei,Feng Luo,Yi Xie,Bin Xu,Quan Zheng
Addressing the issues of poor thermal resistance in conventional polyolefin separators and the low production efficiency of electrospinning, this study innovatively employed high-efficiency centrifugal spinning technology to fabricate a ternary blended modified fiber membrane composed of polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polystyrene (PS), and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). By precisely adjusting the polymer ratio (8:2:2) and fine-tuning the spinning process parameters, a separator with a three-dimensional network structure was successfully produced. The research results indicate that the separator exhibited excellent overall performance, with a porosity of 75.87%, an electrolyte absorption rate of up to 346%, and a thermal shrinkage of less than 3% after 1 h at 150 °C, along with a tensile strength reaching 23.48 MPa. A lithium-ion battery assembled with this separator delivered an initial discharge capacity of 159 mAh/g at a 0.2 C rate and maintained a capacity retention of 98.11% after 25 cycles. Moreover, under current rates of 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 C, the battery assembled with the ASM-14 configuration achieved high discharge capacities of 148, 136, and 116 mAh/g, respectively. This study offers a novel design strategy for modifying multi-component polymer battery separators.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
POLYMER BULLETIN
·
2024
·Vol. 81
·期 13
·12027-12043
·
IF 3.1
Wu Weilong,Feng Shihao,Ouyang Qin,Yang Zengzhuan,He Liu,Huang Qing
Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is an important thermoplastic polymer and a versatile lithographic resist. However, the low heat resistance and low dry-etch resistance seriously restricts the application of PMMA in high-end devices and advanced nanolithography. Herein, methyl methacrylate (MMA) was copolymerized with two comonomers 1-adamantyl methacrylate (AdMA) and 1-acryloyloxy-3-hydroxyadamantane (HAdMA), and a series of copolymers P(AdMA-co-MMA) and P(HAdMA-co-MMA) with different contents of HAdMA were prepared. The UV–Vis, ellipsometer, DSC, TG, and TG–MS techniques were employed to investigate the effects of adamantyl and hydroxyadamantyl substituents on the optical and thermal properties of PMMA. The introduced hydroxyadamantyl not only significantly enhanced the refractive index, but also maintained the high transparency and low dispersion of PMMA. The glass transition temperature and thermal stability of PMMA were also greatly improved by the hydroxyadamantyl. The initial decomposition temperature of PMMA increased from 160 to about 260 ℃ after introducing 5% HAdMA. HAdMA was more effective than AdMA in improving the optical and thermal properties of PMMA. The novel P(HAdMA-co-MMA) copolymer has overcome the shortcomings of traditional PMMA and is anticipated to significantly broaden its range of applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER
·
2024
·
IF 4.1
Quan Zheng,Shunqi Mei,Jia Chen,Zhen Chen,Qiao Xu,Zhiming Zhang,Baiwei Zhang
Bicomponent polyacrylonitrile/polymethyl methacrylate (PAN/PMMA) nanofiber membrane was successfully prepared through centrifugal spinning for enhancing lithium-ion battery (LIB) separators. This study examined how varying PMMA levels influence the electrochemical and overall battery performance of PAN-based composite membranes . The PAN/PMMA (7:3) composite nanofiber separator exhibited a uniform three-dimensional network structure, alongside remarkable thermal stability. Compared with the commercial Celgard and pure PAN separators, the PAN/PMMA (7:3) nanocomposite membrane demonstrated superiority in porosity (89.28 %), liquid absorption (475 %), and hydrophobicity (23.5°). Similarly, the PAN/PMMA (7:3) separator demonstrated outstanding electrochemical performance, including high ionic conductivity (3.58 mS/cm), electrochemical oxidation limit (5.15 V), and low interfacial resistance (80 Ω). The battery equipped with this composite separator exhibited outstanding performance, with the initial capacity of the PAN/PMMA (7:3) separator reaching 160.5 mA h/g, maintaining 96.3 % of it after 50 charge-discharge cycles. Thus, bicomponent PAN/PMMA nanofiber membranes prepared by centrifugal spinning show potential as high-performance separators for LIBs.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源存储
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
MACROMOLECULAR RAPID COMMUNICATIONS
·
2025
·
IF 4.3
Yang Chen,Xinbo Lu,Ziqiang Liu,Weiqiang Xiao,Lina Song,Linquan Lang,Hongqing Li,Xiaoli Zhan,Feng Gao,Qinghua Zhang
Critical issues such as leakage, degradation, and thermal response hysteresis have become the focus in the application of phase change materials (PCMs) in area such as thermal management of fabrics. The encapsulation of PCMs prepared as microcapsules using polysiloxanes, etc. as a component unit of crosslinking agents represents a highly promising avenue of research. In this work, organosilicon crosslinkers are prepared and employed for the crosslinking of poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) for microencapsulation of paraffin wax in microcapsule phase change materials (mPCMs). The results showed that increasing the degree of crosslinking helps to improve the performance of mPCMs by smoothing the shell surface, but excessive crosslinking leads to flocculation, which reduces its performance. The mPCMs produced with 10% wt crosslinking agent gave the highest performance with encapsulation efficiency, melting enthalpy and crystallization enthalpy of 81.3%, 285.0 J g −1 and 253.1 J g −1 , respectively. The obtained mPCMs are also combined with epoxy resin and fabrics to form composite materials. Notably, the polysiloxane-modified mPCMs permit epoxy resins to achieve a maximum temperature reduction of 25 °C. By adjusting the mass ratio of organosilicon crosslinkers, the obtained mPCMs enable textiles to reach a maximum temperature reduction of 17 °C while maintaining satisfactory air permeability.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
纺织工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
·
2015
·
IF 4.074
Zhengyang Li,Tingting Li,Libao An,Pengfei Fu,Cangjian Gao,Zhiming Zhang
Chitosan/polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) composite nanofibrous membrane was prepared by electrospinning technique with a single solvent system. Characterization with Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) indicated that there was weak interaction (such as hydrogen bonds) between PMMA and chitosan. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) measurements illustrated that the average diameter of the composite nanofibers decreased as the chitosan content was increased, while the number of nano/micrometer sized beads increased in the membrane. The composite nanofibrous membrane with chitosan:PMMA ratio of 0.3:1.0 exhibited a maximum adsorption capacity (67.0 mg g −1 ) of Cr(VI) in static adsorption, which was nearly three times higher than that of chitosan powder (22.9 mg g −1 ). The adsorption capacity of Cr(VI) via filtration became even higher, where the maximum value was 92.5 mg g −1 at pH 3.0. Notably, most of Cr(VI) has been removed after the first filtration at all pH values (2.0–6.0) investigated in this report. The adsorption capacity of the composite nanofibrous membrane decreased slightly (17.1%) after three filtration cycles even with the solution of pH 2.0, which shall be attributed to the enhanced mechanical strength and acid fastness of the composite membrane. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis indicated that amino groups played an important role in the adsorption of Cr(VI).
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Polymer Materials
·
2022
·
IF 4.855
Chengxin Yi,Changbo Xu,Ni Sun,Jian Xu,Meng Ma,Yanqin Shi,Huiwen He,Si Chen,Xu Wang
In this article, dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP) and methacrylamide (MAM) were used as flame retardants to develop an efficient synergistic flame-retardant system of phosphorus and nitrogen, and P(MMA-co-MAM)/DMMP products were prepared by free-radical polymerization, which had an excellent flame-retardant effect and high transparency. When only 14 wt % DMMP/MAM is added, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) can reach 23.1%, and the vertical combustion grade can attain V-0. The flame-retardant pathways of the DMMP/MAM flame retardant mainly include terminating a free-radical chain reaction and gas phase dilution, which indicates that the gas-phase flame retardant plays an important role in the PMMA flame retardant. Meanwhile, the optical properties of P(MMA-co-MAM)/DMMP products are almost the same as those of pure PMMA. In addition, when 14 wt % DMMP/MAM is added, the mechanical properties of P(MMA-co-MAM)/DMMP products are only slightly changed, and the Vicat softening temperature is 65 °C higher than the long-term service temperature of commercial PMMA, which can fulfill the needs of most markets. This research provides a valuable method for preparing transparent flame-retardant PMMA products.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ENERGY
·
2022
·
IF 8.857
Song Lv,Yishuang Ji,Yitong Ji,Zuoqin Qian,Juwen Ren,Bolong Zhang,Yin Lai,Jiahao Yang,Zhihao Chang
Radiative cooling technology has broad application prospects because it does not require any energy input, which has drawn much attention from researchers. However, most radiative coolers are expensive and complex. Here, the finite difference time-domain (FDTD) method is used for material selection and film parameter optimization. An organic composite film of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) embedded with titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) particles is proposed, which has a simple structure and low cost. A 24-h continuous experiment was conducted to evaluate the radiative cooling performance of TiO 2 /PMMA film by using self-made devices. Experimental results show that the temperature of the radiative cooler can be 11 °C lower than the ambient, the average of 4.8 °C and the minimum of 2 °C below ambient during the day. Furthermore, a mathematical model has built to investigate the radiative cooling performance of the TiO 2 /PMMA device. The effects of environmental parameters, such as wind velocity , ambient temperature, relative humidity and solar irradiance were analyzed. This study can provide a new thinking and some practical guidelines for the design and application of radiative coolers.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源技术
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
RSC Advances
·
2015
·Vol. 5
·期 36
·28633-28642
·
IF 3.84
Huaizhong Shen,Yuxin Wu,Liping Fang,Shunsheng Ye,Zhaoyi Wang,Wendong Liu,Zhongkai Cheng,Junhu Zhang,Zhanhua Wang,Bai Yang
A rapid and cost effective method has been developed to fabricate 3 dimensional (3D) ordered structures by photo-generating silver networks inside a 1D layered heterogeneous laminate composed of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). By designing the photo-mask meticulously, the silver nanoparticles (NPs) produced by UV light aggregate to form frameworks in different forms, which perform as the anisotropic component, i.e. the building blocks, thus converting the 1D structure into 3D. Formation of silver NPs increases the refractive index (RI) of the PVA layers, thus bringing optical change to the 1D laminar structure, which allows us to trace the silver formation process by measuring the change of RI value and reflectance spectra. The 1D layered structure is a good building matrix for 3D construction because the total number of layers and the layer thickness can be finely tuned flexibly which allow us to further study the various properties caused by the structural modulation. By utilizing photo-reactive silver ions, an innovative strategy of fabricating 3D structures through in situ photo-generating silver building blocks inside the laminar matrix is established, which makes it possible to fabricate 3D micro/nano composite materials with potential applications in fields such as sensors and photonic meta-materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
纳米技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH
·
2015
·Vol. 22
·期 4
·1-6
·
IF 1.92
Wang Guo-Xiang,Lu Mang,Hou Zhao-Hui,Yang Chang-An,Liang En-Xiang,Liu Li-chao,Wu Hu,Li Xiang-Lei,Xu Yi-Xue
The photo-induced atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of methyl methacrylate (MMA) was successfully carried out in ionic liquid at ambient temperature with ethyl 2-bromoisobutyrate as initiator and CuBr 2 /N,N,N′,N′,N″-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine as the complex catalyst system. In this system, TiO 2 was used as photocatalyst. The well-controlled poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) was obtained, as evidenced by the controlled molecular weights of the obtained. The prepared PMMA had narrow molecular weight distributions. The polymerizations were manipulated by turning on/off the light. The chemical structure of the obtained PMMA was characterized by 1 H NMR. Chain extension experiment with bromine-atom-ended PMMA as macroinitiator was carried out successfully to verify the living nature of photo-induced ATRP of MMA.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Materials
·
2018
·Vol. 11
·期 5
·705
·
IF 2.467
Bing Yu,Tingting Xue,Long Pang,Xiulan Zhang,Youqing Shen,Hailin Cong
Monodisperse cross-linked porous poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) microspheres (~2.5 μm in diameter) were prepared by using an improved two-step seed swelling polymerization method with monodisperse micron-grade PMMA microspheres seeds. The porous PMMA microspheres with diverse surface morphology and pore structure were obtained by tuning porogen systems. The monodisperse porous PMMA microspheres, which were prepared using toluene:dibutylphthalate (DBP) = 1:1 (v/v) as a porogen system, had the smallest pore size and the largest specific surface area. Then, the monodisperse porous PMMA microspheres were subjected to high-performance liquid chromatography. The liquid chromatographic column filler successfully realized complete separation of arginine, glycine and glutamic acid, and the separation effect was good. The porous PMMA microspheres provide a new material for the separation of amino acids by liquid chromatography.Keywords:poly (methyl methacrylate), seed swelling polymerization;porous microspheres;high-performance liquid chromatography
研究领域:
材料科学
·
分析化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
COLLOID AND POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2020
·Vol. 298
·期 4
·385-393
·
IF 1.536
Tang Yunlu,Xiao Chao,Ding Jiwan,Hu Kun,Zheng Kang,Tian Xingyou
High thermal conductivity polymer composites have increased application in modern electronics. To achieve high thermal conductivity at relatively low filler content, two critical approach are used: surface modification of the filler and construction of thermal conductive network in polymer composites. This article provided a new simple and feasible method to modify h-BN consisting of physical absorption of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and hydrolysis of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS). Then, SiO 2 @BN/PMMA composites were fabricated via solution-mixing and hot compression. The surface modification of BN enhanced the interface interaction between adjacent BN, which led to reduced thermal resistance and phonon scattering. The solution-mixing and hot compression process ensured the formation of thermal conductive pathway at the same time. The highest thermal conductivity of 40 vol% SiO 2 @BN/PMMA composite reached 5.583W /m K, which exhibited 3292% and 200% enhancement compared with the pure PMMA and melt-mixing BN/PMMA composites, respectively.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
热传导工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）