JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
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2022
·
IF 4.601
Yang Feng,Min Sun,Mingxia Sun,Jiaqing Feng,Haili Sun,Juanjuan Feng
Polyamidoamine dendrimers with different generations (G1-G5) were synthesized in situ on silica progressively via Michael addition and amidation reactions. A sequence of materials was characterized by elemental analysis and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller test, the content of each element (C, H and N) was increased but the surface area was reduced gradually from G1 to G5. These materials were separately packed in a stainless steel column (10 × 4.0 mm, i.d.) for SPE . These SPE columns were combined with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to establish an online SPE-HPLC analysis. According to the chemical structures of materials, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and bisphenols as model analytes were selected to investigate the extraction performance and the extraction mechanism, so as to reveal the extraction performance-structure relationship of G1-G5. The extraction performance was improved with the increase of functional groups from G1 to G4 or G5, the hydrophobic effect played main role accompanied with possible weak hydrophilic, hydrogen-bonding and electrostatic interactions in extraction mechanism. The adsorption capacity, enrichment factor, partition coefficient and extraction efficiency for PAHs and bisphenols reached to 17.52 µg g −1 and 2.70 µg g −1 , 5353 and 3002, 5066 and 1197, and 90.09% and 60.05% respectively. Compared with commercial SPE materials, these dendrimer-grafted silica materials were inferior to C18, but better than silica. Furthermore, the G4 and G5 were separately selected to develop two online SPE-HPLC analytical methods for determining trace PAHs and bisphenols in real water samples, and satisfactory results were obtained.
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Frontiers of Optoelectronics
·
2022
·Vol. 15
·期 1
·1-10
·
IF 0
Jiang Mengjia,Li Shuyu,Zhen Chun,Wang Lingsong,Li Fei,Zhang Yihan,Dong Weibing,Zhang Xiaotao,Hu Wenping
Simultaneously realizing the optical and electrical properties of organic materials is always challenging. Herein, a convenient and promising strategy for designing organic materials with integrated optoelectronic properties based on cocrystal engineering has been put forward. By selecting the fluorene (Flu) and the 7,7′,8,8′-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) as functional constituents, the Flu-TCNQ cocrystal prepared shows deep red emission at 702 nm, which is comparable to the commercialized red quantum dot. The highest electron mobility of organic field-effect transistor (OFET) based on Flu-TCNQ is 0.32 cm 2 V −1 s −1 . Spectroscopic analysis indicates that the intermolecular driving force contributing to the co-assembly of Flu-TCNQ is mainly charge transfer (CT) interaction, which leads to its different optoelectronic properties from constituents. Graphical Abstract
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Nanomaterials
·
2022
·Vol. 12
·期 10
·1766
·
IF 5.719
Qiong Jiang,Shuwu Zhang,Juanjuan Feng,Min Sun
To improve the extraction performance of the silica aerogel, a melamine-terephthalaldehyde polymer was used to hybridize silica aerogel, and the hybridized aerogel was coated on the surface of stainless steel wire to prepare a fiber-filled extraction tube through placing four wires into a polyetheretherketone tube. The tube was combined with high-performance liquid chromatography, then the online extraction and detection were established. Several polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were selected as the target analytes. Under the optimum extraction and desorption conditions, the limit of detection was as low as 3.0 ng L−1, and the linear range was 0.01–20.0 μg L−1. The enrichment factors of PAHs were in the range of 1724–2393. Three environmental water samples of mineral water, tap water and river water were analyzed by this method, and the recoveries that spiked at 1.0–10.0 μg L−1were between 80.5–126%. It showed many advantages compared with other methods, such as better sensitivity, faster detection and online analysis.Keywords:solid-phase microextraction;silica aerogel;melamine-terephthalaldehyde polymer;polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons;online analysis
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WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION
·
2022
·Vol. 233
·期 1
·1-12
·
IF 2.984
Yue Boying,Zhang Xiaoyu,Wang Xiyue,Lian Lili,Gao Wenxiu,Zhang Hao,Hou Shuang,Lou Dawei
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) is an important organic contaminant substance in the environment. Their concentration monitoring is of great significance for predicting the potential environmental risk and protecting the organism safety. Here, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) coating was prepared on zylon heat-resistant fiber by in situ polymerization, which was packed to a stainless steel needle to develop a needle-type device (NTD) for the analysis of PAHs. Pyrene was used as the template molecule in this MIPs. To obtain excellent selectivity and adsorption efficiency, 4-vinylpyridine (4-VP) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EDMA) were chosen as functional monomers and cross-linker, respectively, and the ratio of ingredients was optimized. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used for identifying micro-morphologic characteristics of the obtained MIPs-coating fiber. The PAHs from environmental water samples were extracted with the NTD by headspace extraction and detected by gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector (GC-FID). Under optimized conditions, the proposed method exhibited a good linearity dynamic range (LDR) of 0.5–1800 µg·L −1 with the correlation coefficients ( R 2 ) between 0.9953 and 0.9977. The limits of detection are in the ranges of 0.09–0.40 µg·L −1 and the limits of quantification are in the ranges of 0.37–1.40 µg·L −1 . Furthermore, the device showed remarkable durability and storage capacity. It could be reused 60 times, and the loss ratio was less than 15% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) less than 6.4% after 3 days of storage. The developed method is easy, sensitive, and accurate, and it can be used for detection of trace PAHs in water sample.
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JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE
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2022
·Vol. 45
·期 9
·1493-1501
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IF 3.614
Chengjiang Zhang,Hongmei Yuan,Zeyi Lu,Yuhuang Li,Lirong Zhao,Zhuomin Zhang,Gongke Li
Covalent organic frameworks with tunable porous crystallinity and outstanding stability have exhibited fascinating pretreatment performance as ideal extraction media. Herein, the β-ketoenamine-linked TpPa-1 synthesized by 1,3,5-triformylphloroglucinol and paraphenylenediamine was employed as the absorbent for online micro-solid phase extraction of trace bisphenols combined with high-performance liquid chromatography detection. A series of characterizations indicated that the TpPa-1 possessed large surface areas, high stability, and hydrophobicity. The main experimental parameters affecting the extraction efficiency were optimized in detail. Compared with four commercial sorbents, the TpPa-1 exhibited superior enrichment capacity for extracting bisphenols. Under the optimum conditions, the established method demonstrated a wide linear range and high sensitivity with the limit of detection ranging from 0.05–0.06 μg/L. Furthermore, the developed method was successfully applied to determine bisphenols in plastic samples. Bisphenol A was actually detected in a transparent box with a concentration of 0.31 μg/g, and the recoveries of the four bisphenols in the plastic samples were 80.5–116% with the relative standard deviation less than 9.2%. Such performance was attributed to recognition affinity, including the π-π affinity, hydrophobic effect, and hydrogen bond. These results demonstrated that TpPa-1 possessed great potential to be an excellent pretreatment medium for online separation and analysis of trace analytes in complex samples.
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Food Analytical Methods
·
2023
·Vol. 16
·期 6
·1131-1144
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IF 2.9
Yu Chen,Luo Xiaogang,Wu Fengshou,Zhang Juan
A covalent organic framework/reduced graphene oxide composite (COF/rGO) was fabricated by facile ultrasonic self-assembly strategy and further coated onto stainless-steel wire by physically adhesion for headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) prior to their determination by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID). Compared with the individual porphyrin-based COF and GO, the as-prepared COF/rGO composite effectively prevented the stacking of GO nanosheets and exhibited enhanced extraction efficiency due to the synergistic effect, with the enrichment factor up to 8816 for phenanthrene. The morphology, structure, and stability of COF/rGO composite was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and N 2 adsorption–desorption. Effective adsorption and desorption parameters including extraction temperature, extraction time, desorption temperature, desorption time, agitation speed, and ionic strength were optimized. The established HS-SPME/GC-FID method based on COF/rGO composite fiber was evaluated in terms of linear ranges from 0.5 to 250.0 ng mL −1 with R 2 ≥ 0.9985, limits of detection in the range of 0.09–0.59 ng mL −1 , and limits of quantitation in the range of 0.31–1.97 ng mL −1 . The intra-day, inter-day, and fiber-to-fiber relative standard deviations (RSDs) were in the range of 1.86–4.37%, 2.48–5.40%, and 3.51–7.81%, respectively. The established method was employed to determine trace level of PAHs in honey with good recoveries (62.99–128.8%) and reliable reproducibility (0.51–7.63%).
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ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
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2023
·
IF 7.4
Yuanji Gao,Hongru Feng,Bing Xia,Lei He,Congling Yang,Lijuan Zhao,Yuanjiang Pan
Ultratrace organic pollutants in the environment pose severe threats to human health; hence, their accurate detection is essential. In this study, we develop a secondary solvent-free enrichment strategy based on bubbling extraction (BE). Especially, we used BE solid-phase microextraction and BE carbon nanotube paper absorption to capture aerosols from a liquid water surface, desorb analytes, and analyze the analytes using mass spectrometry. The application of a solvent-free enrichment strategy helps overcome technical challenges in implementing BE technology, including reproducibility, quantification, and sensitivity. This approach objectively demonstrates the enrichment efficiency of BE, resulting in improved mass spectrometry response and quantification. It effectively tackles the difficulties in detecting and quantifying ultratrace environmental pollutants in mass spectrometric analysis. The present study successfully conducted a quantitative analysis of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and 7 antibiotics in 48 environmental water samples. This strategy proved effective in detecting the presence and distribution of polar and nonpolar environmental pollutants in rivers and lakes. Moreover, this strategy has several advantages, such as ultrahigh sensitivity at the femtograms per liter level, good greenness, multiplexed quantitation, low sample consumption, and ease of operation. Overall, the utilization of the ultrasensitive and environmentally friendly BE approach presents a reliable and adaptable method for the identification of ultratrace environmental pollutants in water specimens, thereby enabling early monitoring of pollutant levels.
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Food Analytical Methods
·
2023
·Vol. 16
·期 6
·1110-1119
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IF 2.9
Zhong Ming,Huang Lijun,Zhou Binbin,Liu Yuliang,Fang Mian,Wang Ying
A new type of magnetic zinc metal–organic framework molecularly imprinted polymer (MZMMIP) was created by a crystal growth method, combined with molecular imprinting technology. The material was designed to solve the problems associated with metal–organic frameworks, which have the disadvantages of small pore size and low selectivity in the detection field. MZMMIPs were characterized by SEM, XRD, FTIR, TGA, BET, etc. The results showed that MZMMIPs achieved good crystalline form, excellent magnetic separation ability, rich pore structure, and large specific surface area (602.4 m 2 /g). Furthermore, the results of the adsorption experiment show that the crystal growth method with molecular imprint technology not only improved the MZMMIP adsorption capacity (64 mg/g) and microporous aperture, but also accelerated its adsorption (3 min) and elution rate (10 min) on the target product. With the introduction of molecular imprinting technology, MZMMIPs show a suitable adsorption selective performance (selection factor is 1.6) in the adsorption performance test of structural and nonstructural analogs of pyrene. MZMMIPs display good stability and reusability (the adsorption capacity of MZMMIPs decreased by only 21.8% after 10 elution times). The detection method in the study was successfully implemented for the determination of pyrene in vegetable oil, and achieved an excellent detection effect. The detection limit of MZMMIPs to pyrene is 0.11 µg/kg. The recovery ranged from 93.34 to 95.92%.
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JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
·
2023
·
IF 9.5
Xiaofeng Wan,Xiangtai Wei,Jinming Ge,Lingfeng Lu,Ziqiang Liu,Yuanqin Zhu
High hydroxide conductivity and sufficient dimensional/alkaline/mechanical stability are highly desired for practical applications of anion exchange membranes (AEMs). Herein, a new di -quaternized side-chain precursor (EDQA) was firstly designed and synthesized. Then novel AEMs (DBTF-4QA-x) based on poly(fluorenylene alkylene)s containing dual Y-shaped side-chains were prepared from EDQA by an efficient click reaction. Benefiting from several structural advantages of EDQA, DBTF-4QA-x membranes possessed high hydroxide conductivities up to 154.8 mS cm −1 at 80 °C, while maintained high dimensional stability. The membranes exhibited robust mechanical properties with tensile strengths and elongation at break up to 107.4 MPa and 46.4%, respectively. Furthermore, the membranes showed high alkaline stability with the conductivity loss below 11.4% after immersing in 4 M aq. NaOH at 80 °C for 40 days. In addition, DBTF-4QA-0.5 membrane achieved the maximum peak power density of 836.4 mW cm −2 in H 2 /O 2 fuel cells at 60 °C.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2021
·
IF 13.273
Mingxia Sun,Juanjuan Feng,Jiaqing Feng,Haili Sun,Yang Feng,Xiangping Ji,Chunying Li,Sen Han,Min Sun
To improve the extraction efficiency of carbon fibers (CFs) toward organic pollutants, TiO 2 nanorod arrays (NARs) were grown in situ on CFs. Subsequently, biochar nanospheres and covalent organic framework nanospheres were separately introduced to functionalize the NARs. A sequence of materials was produced by regulating the reactant concentrations and characterized using a scanning electron microscope, an X-ray photoelectron spectrometer, an X-ray diffractometer, a Raman spectrometer, and a specific surface area analyzer. The materials were then deposited into separate poly(etheretherketone) tubes for in-tube solid-phase microextraction (IT-SPME). These tubes were evaluated with different types of organic pollutants (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), estrogens, bisphenols, and phthalate esters) using a combination of high-performance liquid chromatography and IT-SPME, and they exhibited diverse extraction performance. The extraction mechanism of each material is carefully discussed, and the structure–performance relationship is also summarized based on the chemical structures and extraction properties of the materials. The most efficient extraction materials for different analytes were discovered and used to develop analytical methods. Three online methods were used to sensitively detect PAHs, estrogens, and bisphenols in real water samples, respectively. Satisfactory results were obtained, including enrichment factors up to 6784, detection limits as low as 0.001 μg L −1 , linear ranges of 0.003–15.0 μg L −1 , and relative standard deviations ranging from 0.2% to 15.2%. The results indicate that these methods have some advantages over previous material-based methods.
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SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
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2021
·
IF 7.963
Zhengshi Chen,Haiyang Hu,Ping Xu,Hongzhi Tang
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) commonly coexist in contaminated sites, posing a significant threat to ecosystem. Strains that degrade a wide range of substrates play important roles in bioremediation of contaminated environment. In this study, we reveal that Pseudomonas brassicacearum MPDS was able to remove 31.1% naphthalene of 500 mg/kg from soil within 2 d, while its relative abundance decreased significantly on Day 20, indicating its applicable potential in soil remediation . In addition to naphthalene, dibenzofuran , dibenzothiophene, and fluorene as reported previously, strain MPDS is able to degrade carbazole , phenanthrene , pyrene, and 2-bromonaphthalene. Moreover, NahA from strain MPDS has multi-substrate catalytic capacities on naphthalene, dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene, phenanthrene, and 2-bromonaphthalene into dihydrodiols, while converts fluorene and carbazole into monohydroxy compounds according to GC–MS analysis. This study provides further insights into the exploration of soil remediation by strain MPDS and the mining of enzymes involved in the degradation of PAHs.
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Arabian Journal of Chemistry
·
2021
·
IF 5.165
Qiong Jiang,Juanjuan Feng,Min Sun
Carbon fibers (CFs) were modified with carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) by a facile and fast flame preparation method. CNPs-CFs were observed by scanning electron microscope, and the nano-scaled granular structure on the surface was found. This material was also characterized by Raman microscope and X-ray photoelectron spectroscope. It was placed into a polyetheretherketone tube to get an extraction tube, which was connected with high performance liquid chromatography for online analysis. The tube displayed the effective extraction to several polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), based on the possible hydrophobic and π stacking mechanism. Under the optimized conditions (60 mL of sample volume, 2.00 mL min −1 of sample rate, 0.5% of methanol in sample, 2.0 min of desorption time), an analytical method towards these PAH targets was established. The low limits of detection (0.001–0.005 μg L −1 ), satisfactory linear ranges (0.003–5.0 μg L −1 , 0.003–10.0 μg L −1 ) and efficient enrichment factors (1012–3164) were presented. The method was applied to detect trace targets in several water samples and satisfactory results were obtained. The method provided some superiorities over other analytical methods, like online test, shorter time and better sensitivity.
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