Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
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2023
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IF 7.7
Bin Zeng,Zhi Zhang,Shuo Yang,Liwu Mo,Fei Jin
Steel slag (SS) is a byproduct discharged from steel-making industry with less than 25% utilization rate in China. The low utilisation rate of SS is associated with its low hydration activity in cement and concrete. In this study, four different alkanolamines (TEA, TIPA, EDIPA and DEIPA) were used to activate SS to improve its cementitious properties and metal binding performance, and hence its capacity on treating heavy metal-contaminated soils containing Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn. Compared with the reference SS without activators, concentrations of leached Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn have reduced by 87.2%, 78.8%, 62.4%, 73.6% and 64.5% by using 0.1% TIPA-activated SS after 28 days, and they were all below their respective regulatory limits by Standard for Pollution Control on the Hazardous Waste Landfill (GB 18598–2019) in China, and the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of the treated soil at 28 days was enhanced by 237.7% using 0.1% TIPA-activated SS. To elucidate the activation mechanism, the hydration process of SS was thoroughly followed via isothermal calorimetry (IC) and conductivity analysis, and the nature of hydration products was studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). It was concluded that alkanolamines facilitated the dissolution of minerals in SS and formation of hydration products (e.g., C-S-H, C-A-H, C-F-H and Mc), and hence significantly enhanced the microstructural development and engineering properties of SS. This work demonstrated a promising way of upcycling SS as an effective and sustainable S/S agent for handling complex heavy metal contaminated soil, with the potential of enhancing the SS utilization significantly.
研究领域:
环境科学
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材料科学
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DOI
高影响因子
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
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2025
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IF 3.3
Caihong Fang,Ruihao Li,Yiting Zheng,Longhui Nie
The dual environmental challenges of solid waste magnetic steel slag (MSS) utilization and antibiotic pollution treatment require novel environmental remediation strategies. Herein, a novel MSS@MoS2 composite catalyst was prepared for the first time by an alkali pretreatment of MSS followed by one-step high-speed ball milling functionalization with MoS2. The optimized MSS@MoS2-50 catalyst showed outstanding peroxomonosulfate (PMS) activation capability, enabling efficient tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) degradation across a broad pH range (2-11). Mechanistic investigations revealed the generation of multiple reactive species (1O2, O2-, OH, and SO4･-) through synergistic Fe2+/Fe3+ redox cycling and multi-valent Mo-mediated electron transfer. The catalytic activity of MSS@MoS2-50 showed only a 12% decrease after five cycles but almost recovered to the fresh level via a simple regeneration, showing good stability and renewability. The leaching of iron ions (<0.2 mg/L) after the reaction was below the standard for surface water. Also, it has good magnetic separability, showing good application potential. The three possible degradation pathways were posed by combining with the results of LC-MS and active species analysis. The toxicity of TCH can be effectively reduced after degradation by the T.E.S.T. toxicity analysis.
研究领域:
环境科学
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材料科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·Vol. 90
·期 9
·2660-2672
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IF 2.5
Shi Jinyu,Lan Xiong,Yan Cuirong,Zhou Xintao,Luo Zhongqiu,Zhao Shimin,He Zhengqing
View large Download slide View large Download slide Close modal Steel slag has great potential as an Fe-based heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst because of its high iron content and low cost. However, the iron compounds are often encapsulated by calcium or silicon compounds in the steel slag. Herein, steel slag powder was acid-modified with salicylic acid to remove some Ca–Si compounds and thus expose more iron active sites. The results showed that the calcium content significantly decreased from 36.33 to 20.54% after modification, and more transition metals of Fe and Mn with catalytic activities were exposed simultaneously. During the activation of peroxysulphate, the conversion of Fe(Ⅱ) to Fe(Ⅲ) occurs and large amounts of • OH and 1 O 2 are produced as the main reactive oxygen species. The removal rates of CTC and TOC are 93.42 and 46.05%, respectively, and a degradation process may also be inhibited by CO 3 2− , H 2 PO 4 − , and humic acid (HA). The degradation pathways of CTC mainly include both dechlorination and demethylation. In addition, salicylic acid-modified steel slag shows good repeated usability, and its removal ability is maintained at higher than 80% after four times of recycling. This study provides a new idea for designing an efficient and cheap catalyst to treat organic wastewater. A low-cost but high-efficiency catalyst for wastewater treatment was prepared. Efficient catalysts with more active metal sites are obtained by specific acid treatment. The catalyst provides a reference for how to prepare an efficient catalyst for treating antibiotic wastewater.
研究领域:
环境科学
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化学工程
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废水处理
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高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
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2019
·Vol. 43
·期 13
·6970-6982
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IF 3.343
Yong Jiao,Chongyang Wang,Liqin Zhang,Wenting An,Na Zhou,Guangming Yang,Wei Wang,Wei Zhou,Si-Dian Li
Summary Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) can directly utilize solid carbon as fuel by integrating with the reverse Boudouard reaction in the anode chamber. Efficiency of the Boudouard gasification of solid carbon fuel is one of the crucial factors influencing the performance of direct carbon SOFCs (DC-SOFCs). In this paper, a novel Boudouard reaction catalyst derived from steel slag was first introduced into DC-SOFCs for improving the electrochemical performance. The catalytic activity of the steel slag was activated using the molten alkali method to decompose the inert mineral phases of the raw material. The steel slag–derived catalyst was loaded on the activated charcoal by a wet ball milling method. This kind of catalyst can match up to the readily available solid carbon fuels in cost. Promoted by this highly active Boudouard reaction catalyst, the initial Boudouard gasification temperature of the carbon fuel decreased by 99°C, and the producing rate of carbon monoxide doubled. Furthermore, the power outputs of the fuel cells increased from 91 to 159 mW cm −2 , and the fuel utilization increased from 17.10% to 46.43% at 825°C. This study demonstrates that the steel slag–derived catalyst is a promising material for the performance improvement of DC-SOFCs and may make a valuable contribution to their commercial application.
研究领域:
能源材料科学
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催化化学
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DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Chemistry
·
2015
·Vol. 2015
·期 1
·131050
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IF 0.772
Lu Zeng,Ligang Yang
Calcium silicate hydrate based on steel slag (SCSH) and Ni-doped SCSH (NSCSH) were synthesized under specific hydrothermal conditions at saturated vapor pressure and 185°C for 7 hours. The structure and morphology of SCSH and NSCSH were characterized by XRD, SEM, and N 2 adsorption/desorption. SCSH mainly consisted of amorphous calcium silicate hydrate gel (C-S-H gel) together with some flake-like tobermorite and NSCSH consisted of crystalline tobermorite and xonotlite. The addition of Ni(NO 3 ) 2 had great influence on microstructure of the composites, and SCSH possesses a mesoporous structure with slit-shaped pores, but NSCSH has narrow distributions of pore size. Furthermore, NSCSH has a higher adsorption capacity for Rhodamine B (RhB) than SCSH with removal percentages of RhB of about 52.4% and 88.2%, respectively. In addition, the effects of NSCSH dosage and pH values on the adsorption of RhB were investigated. Adsorption isotherm parameters are obtained from both Langmuir and Freundlich analysis and showed a better fit to a Langmuir model. All results indicated that NSCSH has a great potential to be a safe, easily-made, and cost-effective material for the control of RhB contamination.
研究领域:
环境科学
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材料科学
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化学工程
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污染控制
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无机非金属材料
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DOI
高影响因子
GEOMICROBIOLOGY JOURNAL
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2025
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IF 1.9
Chunxiang Qian,Xian Hu,Yaya Yuan,Junjie Zhang,Yijin Fan
Microbial induction of carbonate precipitation is common in nature, carbonic anhydrase (CA) secreted by microorganisms plays an important role in catalyzing the precipitation of CaCO3 from CO2. This study investigated how pH and temperature regulate microbial CA production, activity, and structure, and further examined their effects on CaCO3 deposition, steel slag carbon sequestration, and concrete crack healing. The results demonstrated that bacteria efficiently produced CA and maintained its activity over a broad range of alkaline pH levels and temperatures, the optimal conditions pH 9 and 30°C facilitated both bacterial CA production and activity by regulating growth and metabolism. Furthermore, pH and temperature modulated CA activity by altering its secondary structure (α-helices, β-turns) and weakening the enzyme’s active center for CO2 at higher pH, which consequently influenced CaCO3 deposition efficiency. The microbial treatment significantly enhanced carbon fixation in steel slag, with an 18.9% carbon sequestration rate at 48 hours, an 8% increase over the control group. In concrete crack-healing tests, the application of alkali-resistant microorganisms restored water permeability resistance to 93.24% of the original concrete after 28 d of healing. Microbial mineralization technology has great potential in steel slag carbon sequestration and self-healing concrete.
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高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
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2022
·
IF 8.431
Keke Yin,Linlin Hao,Guiju Li
A highly efficient and magnetically recoverable persulfate (PS) catalyst was prepared for the removal of sulfonamide (SMD) from wastewater, which is difficult to be degraded by the conventional biological treatment. In this study, the scrap steel slag (SSS) was used as supporting carrier and the CuO nanosheet was incorporated on the surface of SSS. The optimal conditions were determined as follows: the dosage of CuO/SSS was 1 g L −1 , the PS concentration was 4 mM and the optimal initial pH was 6.85. Under the optimal conditions, the maximum SMD removal efficiency of 80.29% was achieved within 30 min by using CuO/SSS + PS. In addition, the CuO/SSS + PS system had a wide pH range (5–9) and more than 60% removal efficiency of SMD could be obtained with the pH between 3 and 11. The mechanism based on the phase transformation of Cu(I/II), Cu(II/III) and Fe(II/III) was elucidated by using different analytical techniques, such as SEM, XRD, XPS, BET, FTIR, VSM characterization and free radical analysis. This study provided a new pathway for the SSS resource utilization and the effective degradation of SMD from the refractory wastewater by using CuO/SSS catalyst coupled with PS system.
研究领域:
环境科学
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催化
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水处理
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材料科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
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2025
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IF 7.8
SU Bo,Yong SUN,Chao ZHANG,Xingtong YUE,Liancheng WANG,Jingping QIU,Yingliang ZHAO
This study investigates carbonated steel slag (CS) as a dual-function additive in NaOH-activated blast furnace slag (AAS) binders, aiming to enhance both mechanical performance and sustainability. Incorporating CS significantly improved compressive strength at all curing ages, with a ∼70 % increase at 28 days for 30 wt% substitution. Microstructural analyses revealed reduced capillary porosity and improved micromechanical properties of C–(A)–S–H. Environmental assessment further showed that CS reduced total CO 2 emissions and improved the environmental index by more than 35 %. Mechanistically, CS moderated early-age reaction kinetics through pH buffering, while supplying reactive CaCO 3 and silica gels that promoted sustained gel formation. These effects enhanced silicate polymerization and induced Na–Ca carbonate formation, yielding a denser and more stable hybrid gel network. Overall, CS not only improves strength and refines microstructure, but also acts as a CO 2 sink, offering a sustainable pathway for developing high-performance, low-carbon AAS binders.
研究领域:
材料科学
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硅酸盐化学
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环境工程
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绿色建筑材料
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工业固废利用
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DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Sustainable Cement-Based Materials
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2025
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IF 4.2
Ruobing Zhang,Yimin Zhang,Tao Liu,Qian Wan,Xiuqiong Fu
In this study, spent fluid catalytic cracking catalysts (FC) and metakaolin (MK) were used as reactive precursor to mix with steel slag (SS) for geopolymer preparation, in order to compare and analyze the synergistic effects of FC and SS in the geopolymer preparation. The results showed that the addition of reactive precursor (FC or MK) increased the gel content in the geopolymers, and the gel structure gradually transform from Q2 chain-like to Q4 network. When the reactive precursors to SS ratio is 6:4, the geopolymers contained approximately 10% C-S-H gel and 90% N (C)-A-S-H gel, and the geopolymer has optimal compressive strength. Although FC has lower reactivity than MK, it can continuously dissolve and undergo geopolymerization reaction in the alkaline environment generated during SS hydration. The generated gel effectively fills harmful pores in the geopolymers, thereby enhancing compressive strength of geopolymer.
研究领域:
材料科学
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土木工程
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化学工程
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地质聚合技术
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高影响因子
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B-PROCESS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS PROCESSING SCIENCE
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2024
·Vol. 55
·期 6
·4775-4786
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IF 2.4
Luo Shuxuan,Ma Xingyue,Wang Wanlin,Zhang Lei,Sun Yongqi
The rapid advancement in stainless steel manufacturing has resulted in the substantial accumulation of stainless steel slags. In those slags, a significant proportion of trivalent chromium is susceptible to oxidation, forming highly toxic hexavalent chromium, particularly under oxidizing atmosphere. Therefore, prior to landfilling or resource recycling, specialized modification of phase transitions is essential. This study is based on the strategy of converting chromium into spinel structure to achieve detoxification. Initially, the thermodynamic calculations were conducted to analyze the formation and transformation behaviors of spinels in an alkaline environment, with particular emphasis on changes in the valence states of manganese. The synthesis and investigation of typical Mg 1− x Mn x Cr 2 O 4 spinels commonly encountered in stainless steel slags treatment process were subsequently conducted. Through various characterization techniques and leaching tests, it was found that the stability of Mn 2+ incorporated MgCr 2 O 4 was diminished. However, with an increase in MnO content from 5 to 20 pct (in mole), the stability of Mg 1− x Mn x Cr 2 O 4 spinels showed an upward trend, though remaining lower than that of pure MgCr 2 O 4 . The subsequent introduction of CaO for high-temperature calcination revealed that the disruption of tetrahedral sites in the spinels primarily originates from Mn 2+ , whereas Mg 2+ exhibited a greater stability in occupying tetrahedral sites. A comprehensive understanding of the properties of Mg 1− x Mn x Cr 2 O 4 spinels could contribute to the target modification and application of stainless steel slags.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境工程
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化学工程
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冶金学
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DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
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2022
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IF 7.968
Qinghui Yu,Guotao Liu,Jinhang Shi,Ting wen,Lei Li
It is generally challenging to design efficient, low-cost, and environmentally friendly persulfate catalytic materials for wastewater purification. We report a simple strategy to synthesize a steel converter slag-sludge carbon catalyst with steel converter slag as a template, suspended sludge as a precursor, and one-step pyrolysis . A persulfate activator was used to remove phenol and organic matter from actual wastewater leachate. The catalyst had a shell structure, a large surface area, abundant adsorption groups, and polymetallic catalytic capacity. The catalytic capacity depended on zero-valent iron (Fe 0 ), which effectively leached active Fe 2+ composite to produce hydroxyl and persulfate radicals by activating persulfate. The maximum phenol degradation was 94.5% in 55 min with 2 mM persulfate, 100 mg/L catalyst, and 20 mg/L phenol, which was 6 and 44 times greater than that of pure sludge carbon and steel converter slag, respectively. For actual wastewater leachate, the maximum removal rate of total organic carbon was 77.75% with 0.15 M persulfate, 50 g/L catalyst, and 1125 mg/L total organic carbon; all the fluorescent substances were removed. This work provides a new approach for designing persulfate catalysts derived from green resources. Further, our approach is practical for the treatment of wastewater that has high concentrations of organic material.
研究领域:
环境科学
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材料科学
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污水处理
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DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 9
Ge Yan,Haiwei Jiang,Mingxiang Xie
Heavy metal separation and recovery from hyperaccumulators are crucial to promote the industrialization of phytoremediation and prevent secondary heavy metal pollution. In this study, we developed an innovative modified steel slag/CaO 2 technology for arsenic recovery and separation via hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of As-enriched Pteris vittata L. (PVL). Arsenic migrated from the aqueous phase to the solid phase, with a recovery rate as high as 99.96 %, and the oxidation of arsenite was achieved with an impressive efficiency of 97.64 %. Experiments with model compounds revealed that the As in the PVL was immobilized by metal oxides (CaO, MgO, Fe 2 O 3 and SiO 2 ) in the modified steel slag and deposited in the solid phase. The coprecipitation of arsenic and heavy metals was verified via Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD). As(III) was converted into As(V) via the strong oxidability of •OH and H 2 O 2 from CaO 2 . XPS confirmed that the interconversion of Fe 3+ and Fe 2+ significantly contributed to the oxidation and removal of arsenic. The concentration of As(III) in the system decreased to 1.96 % with this method. To investigate heavy metal recovery from the solid phase, magnetic experiments were subsequently conducted to investigate the arsenic distribution in the solid phase after magnetic separation. Notably, the As could be recovered in the magnetic solid phase, whereas 0.05 % of the As(III) and 18.46 % of the As(V) of the total arsenic were distributed in the non-magnetic solid phase. This study demonstrated that modified steel slag/CaO 2 has great potential for the detoxification and recovery of heavy metals in hyperaccumulators.
研究领域:
环境科学
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化学工程
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材料科学
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重金属修复
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废弃物管理
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DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）