Journal of Physical Chemistry C
·
2019
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IF 4.309
Lijie Tan,Zhidan Zeng,Hongbo Lou,Fei Zhang,Xiehang Chen,Songyi Chen,Yuanyuan Xuan,Fang Peng,Qiaoshi Zeng
As a prototype refractory and hard transition-metal carbide, the stability of zirconium carbide (ZrC) under extreme conditions is critical for its applications. Despite the extensive theoretical studies, few experimental results are available until now. In this work, we carried out a comprehensive experimental study of ZrC in a large unexplored pressure–temperature region (up to ∼150 GPa and ∼2000 K) by combining in situ high-pressure and high-temperature synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction with various ex situ characterization techniques. Our results demonstrate that ZrC (B1 phase) remains stable up to ∼154 GPa at room temperature or at ∼40 GPa up to 2000 K, rather than undergoing the predicted B1-to-B2 phase transition. However, under high pressure and temperature, ZrC is extremely active when water is present. It would react with even trace amount of absorbed water to form ZrO2 and CH4. Our results clarify the structural and chemical stability of ZrC at extreme conditions, which would guide the applications of ZrC and provide new experimental constraint for theoretical calculations.
研究领域:
材料科学
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物理学
·
化学
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DOI
高影响因子
CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
·
2025
·
IF 3.7
Biao Yuan,Fujin Sun,Pingting Chen,Kunpeng He,Pan Wu,Changjun Liu,Jian He,Wei Jiang
With the development of vanadium redox flow battery technology, the demand for pure vanadium is rapidly increasing. The separation of vanadium from vanadium–chromium leaching solutions are critical step in the production of purity-vanadium. This study presents an innovative adsorption process that utilizes amorphous ZrO 2 (AZrO) for the selective separation of V(V) and Cr(VI). In this process, a high adsorption capacity for V(V) at 64.5 mg·g –1 was achieved, while the capacity for Cr(VI) is relatively low at 24.1 mg·g –1 , demonstrating good separation performance. This is mainly caused by the large specific surface area and mesoporous structure, which are favorable for molecular diffusion and mass transfer. The kinetic analysis shows that the adsorption process follows pseudo-second-order kinetic process with chemisorption being the rate-controlling process. AZrO showed excellent separation performance in mixed solutions over a wide range of concentrations. After five cycles, AZrO retained over 73% of its capacity, indicating good stability. In mixed solutions containing up to 40 g·L –1 of V(V) and 3 g·L –1 of Cr(VI), the innovative adsorption process successfully achieved effective separation and purification. By an adsorption–desorption process using 0.1 mol·L –1 NaOH, a 99.02% V(V)-rich solution was obtained from a high concentration sodium vanadium slag leaching solution, demonstrating its effectiveness for practical industrial applications.
研究领域:
化学工程
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材料科学
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DOI
高影响因子
Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering
·
2017
·Vol. 12
·期 1
·1-7
·
IF 1.716
Shi Jin,Zhang Zihao,Chen Mingxia,Zhang Zhixiang,Shangguan Wenfeng,Gu Shunchao,Shin-ichi Hirano
Fe-BEA catalysts are active for the NH3-SCR of NO. For industrial application, a binder should be added to the Fe-BEA catalysts to make them tightly adhere to the monoliths. The addition of alumina and zirconia as binders to the Fe-BEA led to a different effect on NO conversion. The catalytic activity of the mixed samples was evaluated by the temperature programmed procedure in a flow-reactor system, and the mechanism was analyzed via SEM, BET, XRD and XPS. It was found that larger iron particles were formed by the migration of parent iron particles in the Fe-BEA catalyst with alumina. This led to the increase of Fe 3+ magnitude and iron cluster, enhancing the abilities of NO oxidation and storage. Accordingly, the SCR activity increased slightly in low temperature but decreased sharply in high temperature. For the Fe-BEA with zirconia sample, NO oxidation and storage abilities decreased due to the less iron clusters. The increase of Fe 3+ magnitude resulted in higher catalytic oxidation ability, which gave rise to little change in the SCR activity compared with the Fe-BEA.
研究领域:
催化
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环境科学
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DOI
高影响因子
Metals
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2025
·Vol. 15
·期 5
·468
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IF 2.5
Shuo Tian,Jing Song,Hongqian Sun,Congcong Zhao,Zhiyu Zhang,Mingming Han,Tao Qi
Zirconium (Zr) and hafnium (Hf) are very important in nuclear and high-temperature applications, but their similar physical and chemical properties bring great challenges to separation. The current extraction methods have defects, such as low efficiency at high metal concentration. In this article, a zirconium (Zr)/hafnium (Hf) solvent extractive separation from sulfuric acid solutions using trioctylamine (TOA) as the extractant was researched at room temperature. The aqueous solution is prepared using zirconium sulfate (containing Hf), and the concentration of metal ions (Zr4+and Hf4+) was about 1.096 mol·L−1. The effects of the aqueous acidity, the concentration of TOA, the contacting time, and the organic to aqueous O/A ratio on the separation of Zr and Hf were investigated. It is observed that the Zr can be extracted in the organic phase selectively, and the optimal conditions were: TOA concentration of 40 vol%, organic to aqueous O/A ratio of 3, contacting time of 5 min. Under these conditions, the single-stage extraction rate of Zr is 61.23%, while the Hf is almost not extracted. The mechanism of Zr extraction by TOA was studied through the saturation capacity and slope methods. Based on the results, it is believed that the structure of the extracted complex may be [R3NH]2[Zr(SO4)3]. This study provides a new approach for the development of industrialized Zr-Hf separation.
研究领域:
化学工程
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核工业
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
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2024
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IF 5.8
Changming Zhang,Zhihao Liu,Yongjin Zou,Fen Xu,Lixian Sun,Zhicong Hu,Sensen Yu,Cuili Xiang
Spinel-type materials are attracting great attention as potential electrocatalysts for the hydrogen- and oxygen-evolution reactions. However, their inherent catalytic activities are not on par with those of precious-metal catalysts, and their poor stabilities continue to constrain their rapid development. In this study, we fabricated Zr-CuCo 2 S 4 nanowires and Co(OH) 2 nanosheet–nanowires using electrochemical methods, resulting in lattice defects, sulfur vacancies, and more exposed active sites that catalyze the hydrogen- and oxygen-evolution reactions. DFT calculations revealed that sulfur vacancies enhance intrinsic activity, while Zr doping reduces the energy barrier for H*–OH* adsorption, promotes the formation of additional sulfur vacancies, and modulates active-site Cu/Co valence states, which greatly enhances water-dissociation and H*-adsorption kinetics. Consequently, Zr-CuCo 2 S 4 /Co(OH) 2 requires low overpotentials of 88 and 208 mV, respectively, to support highly stable alkaline hydrogen- and oxygen-evolution reactions at 10 mA cm −2 . This study provides a rational strategy for designing low-cost spinels for green and clean energy.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电化学
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能源科学
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DOI
高影响因子
CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS
·
2017
·
IF 1.932
Yan-Fu Ma,Hao Wang,Guang-Yue Xu,Xiao-Hao Liu,Ying Zhang,Yao Fu
A series of cobalt catalysts with different supports were prepared for the selective conversion of biomass-derived furfural to cyclopentanol (CPL) in one step. The best CPL yield was 82 mol% at 160 °C, 2 MPa H 2 , 4 h when cobalt was supported on ZrO 2 -La 2 O 3 . The supports were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia (NH 3 -TPD). The XRD results indicated that the more stable t-ZrO 2 formed by doping La 2 O 3 . The amount of acid sites of the catalyst increased, too. The influences of parameters such as reaction temperature, hydrogen pressure, and reaction time on the catalytic activity were also investigated. The polymer formed during the reaction may cause the deactivation of the Co/ZrO 2 -La 2 O 3 catalyst. This work provides a possibility to prepare the stable t-ZrO 2 and apply with cobalt metal for biomass valorization.
研究领域:
化学工程
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生物质能
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POROUS MATERIALS
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2017
·Vol. 24
·期 5
·1319-1326
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IF 1.624
Guo Xingzhong,Ding Li,Ren Jing,Yang Hui
Monolithic lithium zirconate (Li 2 ZrO 3 ) with well-defined co-continuous macropores was successfully prepared via an epoxide-mediated sol–gel process accompanied by phase separation. Appropriate choice of poly(ethylene oxide) as a phase separation inducer and propyleneoxide as a gelation agent allows the production of continuous macroporous gel monolith. The dried gels are amorphous and tetragonal lithium zirconate ( t -Li 2 ZrO 3 ) precipitates firstly at 650 °C. The phase transformation from t -Li 2 ZrO 3 to monoclinic lithium zirconate ( m -Li 2 ZrO 3 ) initiates at 900 °C and completes when elevating the calcination temperature to 1000 °C. The macroporous structure is retained after heat-treatment, and the t -Li 2 ZrO 3 monolith with porosity of 43.3% and dense solid skeletons is obtained.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
·
陶瓷
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DOI
高影响因子
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
·
2013
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IF 1.941
Kuo Jiang,Songbai Liu,Yu Luo,Qiang Li,Haiyang Wang
A polyglycol-assisted spreading deposition (PASD) method has been used to prepare the high-quality ZrO 2 thin film on single crystalline Si (111) substrate. The structure and composition of the films were studied by SEM, XRD and UV Raman techniques. Characterization results indicated that the ZrO 2 films were composed of nano-sized small particles and have a crack-free, dense and homogeneous microstructure. After a heat treatment of 10 min at 700–900 °C, the films showed a mixture of monoclinic and tetragonal ZrO 2 phases. And the grain sizes of monoclinic and tetragonal phases in the ZrO 2 films were 5–16 nm and 10–18 nm, respectively. In addition, the thin films of Y 2 O 3 -stabilized ZrO 2 (YSZ), La 2 Zr 2 O 7 , and the multilayer thin films of La 2 Zr 2 O 7 /YSZ were also fabricated by the PASD method.
研究领域:
材料科学
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陶瓷
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薄膜
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表面科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
·
2024
·
IF 3.8
Xueping Tao,Mengting Su,Panpan Chen,Meiting Yan,Dan Wang,Lan Xia,Li Rao,Zhining Xia,Qifeng Fu
In recent years, mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDA)-based materials have attracted significant attention in the field of open-tubular capillary electrochromatography (OT-CEC) owing to their diverse and appealing properties. However, previously established functionalized PDA coating-based CEC stationary phases predominantly relied on the latent reactivity of PDA with amine/thiol-containing molecules, limiting the types of applicable modifiers and requiring time-consuming reaction processes. Herein, we presented a versatile and efficient method for the facile and rapid fabrication of diverse functionalized PDA coatings as OT-CEC stationary phases through a Zr(IV) coordination-mediated post-modification strategy. Different kinds of modifiers, including octadecylamine (ODA), lauric acid (LA), and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), were rapidly and robustly grafted onto the PDA coating, verified through multiple characterization techniques. The influences of preparation parameters on the grafting efficiency of the functionalized PDA coating were systematically investigated. Utilizing the Zr(IV)-mediated ODA-, LA- and PFOA-functionalized PDA-based OT-CEC columns, we achieved high-efficiency baseline separation of a series of neutral analytes with excellent repeatability, good stability, and long lifetime. Given the strong universality of the Zr(IV) coordination-mediated post-modification approach, our study provides an effective pathway for advancing the development of a wider range of functional PDA-based chromatographic stationary phases.
研究领域:
分析化学
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材料科学
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电化学
·
色谱学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CLINICAL ORAL IMPLANTS RESEARCH
·
2014
·Vol. 26
·期 3
·332-341
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IF 3.123
Nicolas Villard,Chaminda Seneviratne,James Kit Hon Tsoi,Markku Heinonen,Jukka Matinlinna
Objectives The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of novel silane system coatings on zirconia and titanium implant surfaces and the attachment of the fungal pathogen Candida albicans . Materials and methods Titanium and zirconia specimens were silica-coated and silanized either with a commercial silane primer (RelyX Ceramic Primer™, 3M ESPE) or a novel silane system primer. The novel silane system primer was a blend of 1.0 vol% 3-acryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and 0.3 vol% bis-1,2-(triethoxysilyl)ethane diluted in acidified ethanol-water solvent. The surface roughness (R a ), the surface free energy and the chemical composition of substrate surfaces after treatments were evaluated. C. albcans biofilms were developed on silica-coated + silanized surfaces during 48 h of incubation time. Colony forming units (CFU) and real-time PCR (RT-PCR) quantified the cells on the material surfaces. Statistical analyses were carried out by 1-way ANOVA, Tukey post hoc and Games Howell post hoc test at 5% significance level (p) . Results On zirconia and titanium surfaces, the R a and the chemical composition of the specimens were equal ( P < 0.05). The surface free energy was decreased on titanium specimens and increased on zirconia specimen after silanization. CFU of C. albicans was significantly lower on zirconia coated with RelyX Ceramic Primer™, ( P < 0.001) and on titanium coated with both silanes ( P = 0.002). RT-PCR revealed no differences between the mean quantities of C. albicans ( P ≥ 0.067). Conclusion Silica-coating and silanization had modified the titanium and zirconia surfaces significantly. Both the control and experimental silane primers might inhibit the biofilm formation of C. albicans .
研究领域:
口腔医学
·
微生物学
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材料科学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Advanced Ceramics
·
2021
·Vol. 10
·期 6
·1389-1397
·
IF 6.707
Wang Yinghua,Ma Zhuang,Liu Ling,Liu Yanbo
During flight, many silicates (sand, dust, debris, fly ash, etc.) are ingested by an engine. They melt at high operating temperatures on the surface of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) to form calcium-magnesium-aluminum-silicate (CMAS) amorphous settling. CMAS corrodes TBCs and causes many problems, such as composition segregation, degradation, cracking, and disbanding. As a new generation of TBC candidate materials, rare-earth zirconates (such as Sm 2 Zr 2 O 7 ) have good CMAS resistance properties. The reaction products of Sm 2 Zr 2 O 7 and CMAS and their subsequent changes were studied by the reaction of Sm 2 Zr 2 O 7 and excess CMAS at 1350 °C. After 1 h of reaction, Sm 2 Zr 2 O 7 powders were not completely corroded. The reaction products were Sm-apatite and c-ZrO 2 solid solution. After 4 h of reaction, all Sm 2 Zr 2 O 7 powders were completely corroded. After 24 h of reaction, Sm-apatite disappeared, and the c-ZrO 2 solid solution remained.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
航空工程
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DOI
高影响因子
TALANTA
·
2016
·
IF 4.035
Junyong Dai,Miaode Wang,Hailong Liu
It is urgent to selectively enrich trace phosphorylated proteins or peptides from complex biological sample for mass spectrometry (MS)-based phosphoproteomics. In this study, a novel immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) material with DOTA(1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane N, N′, N′′, N′′′-tetra-acetic acid) coated on the surface of TiO 2 nanomaterials and functionalized with the metal ion Zr 4+ (TiO 2 @DOTA-Zr) has been synthesized successfully to improve the enrichment specificity and sensitivity for phosphopeptides. TiO 2 nanomaterials were chosen as a support matrix, which will offer a high specific surface area to enhance the amounts of immobilized Zr 4+ ions and will provide an additional selectivity for the special enrichment of phosphopeptides. Also, the introduction of DOTA will endow a stronger binding interaction between the Zr 4+ ion and DOTA to reduce the loss of the metal ion Zr 4+ during sample loading and washing steps. The novel TiO 2 @DOTA-Zr nanohybrids exhibited higher sensitivity and selectivity for phosphopeptides from the standard protein digests, the tryptic digests of nonfat milk and human serum, showing a great selective enrichment capability toward the complicated biological samples.
研究领域:
生物化学
·
蛋白质组学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）