Materials Today Chemistry
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2023
·
IF 7.3
Tongyu Liu,Yaoguo Huang,Linlin Chen,Hui Zhang,Caifu Dong,Ming Wang,Yali Zhang
Vanadium oxide (V 2 O 5 ) cathode material , possessing abundant reserves and high theoretical capacity, has been extensively researched in aqueous zinc ion batteries (ZIBs). However, its electrochemical performance is significantly hindered by insufficient electronic conductivity, vanadium dissolution into electrolyte, and slow diffusion kinetics. In this study, the V 2 O 5 micro-flower was first synthesized by a solvothermal method, and then modified by coating with AlF 3 passivation layer, forming AlF 3 @V 2 O 5 hybrid material . Impressively, AlF 3 @V 2 O 5 exhibits excellent electrochemical and kinetic properties due to the special structure of V 2 O 5 and the interfacial protection of AlF 3 . An exceptional rate property (325 mAh g −1 at 0.1 A g −1 , 188 mAh g −1 at 15 A g −1 ) as well as extraordinary cycling stability with 89.3% capacity retention after 6000 cycles at 10 A g −1 can be attained with 2 wt% AlF 3 addition (that is AF-2@V 2 O 5 ). The computation based on density functional theory (DFT) suggests that AlF 3 coating can reduce the interlayer electrostatic interaction and adsorption energy barrier between the intercalated Zn 2+ and V 2 O 5 host, thereby enabling fast redox kinetics. This study showcases the efficacy of interfacial modification of passivated coatings and presents an influential approach for material design in ZIBs .
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源存储
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DOI
高影响因子
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2025
·
IF 5.6
Longdi Ma,Yinxiang Han,Xiwen Chen,Yuran Chen,Liqiang Wang,Yangyang Fan,Xuemin Liang,Yapeng Kong
The molten salts electro-deoxidation process, also known as the FFC-Cambridge process, offers substantial potential for the environmentally friendly synthesis of niobium powder in a relatively short process. However, this process suffers from uncontrolled intermediate particle coarsening and the resultant sluggish oxygen-ion diffusion kinetics. To address this, we engineered a novel hierarchically porous Nb 2 O 5 (HPS-Nb 2 O 5 ) cathode with interconnected macropores (∼10 2 μm), mesopores (∼10 1 μm), and micropores (submicron). Electrochemical analyses coupled with potentiostatic electrolysis reveal a four-step reduction pathway of Nb 2 O 5 in molten Na 3 AlF 6 -K 3 AlF 6 -AlF 3 salts: Nb 2 O 5 →Na 2 Nb 8 O 21 /NbO 2 →NbO→Nb, where solid-state oxygen diffusion remains rate-limiting. The novel cathode pore architecture optimizes the solid-liquid interfaces between the cathode and the electrolyte, facilitating uniform insertion of Na⁺/F⁻ ions into cathode particles to generate intermediate particles. Consequently, rhombohedral Na 2 Nb 8 O 21 intermediate with uniform size and morphology was formed, thereby effectively preventing the excessive coarsening of intermediate particles and associated oxygen diffusion path elongation that occurs in the conventional electro-deoxidation processes. Remarkably, complete reduction of 1 g Nb 2 O 5 to Nb powder was achieved in only 1.5 h at 2.5 V. This represents an 8-13-fold efficiency enhancement over the reported processes. The resultant niobium powder exhibits uniform submicron particles (200–500 nm) with near-spherical morphology. This pore-structure-regulated strategy overcomes fundamental bottlenecks in the FFC process and offers broad applicability for the efficient preparation of diverse refractory metals and alloys.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电化学
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冶金学
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纳米技术
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化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 9
Jiaming Li,Youjian Yang,Jiaxin Yang,Hongguang Kang,Zhaowen Wang
The rapid dissolution of lithium iron phosphate (LFP) in fluoride provides a possibility for the recycling of spent lithium battery cathode materials through molten salt electrolysis. In this article, the dissolution behavior and mechanism of LFP in cryolite based molten salts are studied in detail. The dissolution behavior of LFP in NaF-AlF 3 molten salt with a cryolite ratio (CR) of 1.8 was observed and recorded using a custom-made see-through cell. LFP has high solubility, and its tablets rapidly diffuse and dissolve in cryolite, causing the transparent molten salt to display an orange-yellow color indicative of Fe ions. The XRD results of the cooled molten salt indicate that LFP decomposes into AlPO 4 , LiNa 2 AlF 6 , and Fe 2 (PO 4 )F phases after dissolution in fluoride. Due to the instability of LFP, some ferrous elements are easily oxidized by oxygen, forming Li 3 Na 3 Fe 2 F 12 and Fe 2 O 3 . The complex ion cluster structure of LFP at high temperatures was investigated using high-temperature Raman spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations. Comparative analysis of high-temperature Raman spectra with the addition of LFP, Fe 2 O 3 , Li 3 PO 4 , and blank molten salt suggests that ion clusters containing Fe may include Fe 2 OF 4 , Fe 2 OF 8 4− , and Fe 2 O 2 F 3 − , while ion clusters containing P may include PO 2 F, PO 2 F 3 2− , POF 4 − , and POF 5 2− .
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高影响因子
Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2024
·
IF 7.4
Bing Liu,Wei Zhang,Zhongsheng Jia,Jianhai Jiang,Zhen Wang,Juping Li,Lei Wang,Xiaoli Wei,Hanli Wang,Wenfeng Han
The gas-phase catalytic dehydrofluorination of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) to produce hydrofluoroolefins is an important strategy for the resource utilization of HFCs. AlF 3 is the most suitable and efficient catalyst for dehydrofluorination of HFCs. However, sintering and preservation of coordinatively unsaturated aluminum centers pose significant challenges for AlF 3 catalysts. Herein, we prepared carbon-confined AlF 3 nanocluster catalysts with aluminum fumarate metal organic frameworks (AlFu-MOF) as the precursors, followed by carbonization and fluorination treatments. During catalyst preparation, anion ligand in the aluminum salt plays a major role in the formation of coordinatively unsaturated Al centers. Compared with Al(NO 3 ) 3 ·9H 2 O and AlCl 3 ·6H 2 O, AlFu-MOF (named AlFu-S) prepared with Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ·18H 2 O exhibits a higher concentration of Al-OH species. Additionally, the residual SO 4 2- ions can indeed retard the crystallization of AlF 3 at elevated temperatures. Hence, the decomposition of Al-OH groups and the presence of residual SO 4 2- ions in AlFu-S contribute together to the abundance of unsaturated coordinated Al centers in the finally carbon-confined AlF 3 nanocluster catalyst (named AlFu-S-550-F). Also, the confinement effect of the carbon material formed by the carbonization of AlFu-S effectively prevent AlF 3 nanocluster from sintering and phase transition, hence, in the dehydrofluorination of HFC-134a, AlFu-S-550-F demonstrates excellent stability compared to AlF 3 catalysts prepared by precipitation methods. In summary, this study provides a strategy for the preservation of coordinatively unsaturated aluminum centers in AlF 3 catalysts due to sintering and crystal structure transformation. Furthermore, the methodology proposed in this work is also applicable to the preparation of other coordinatively unsaturated metal catalysts.
研究领域:
催化化学
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材料科学
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环境化学
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DOI
高影响因子
Advanced Science
·
2026
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IF 14.1
Ya-Meng Yin,Qinxia Liu,Zhiyuan Zhang,Weixiao Wang,Cunyuan Pei,Fangyu Xiong,Jinghui Chen,Qinyou An,Cai-Hong Yang,Dong-Sheng Li
The instability of the cathode electrolyte interface (CEI) under high voltage and elevated temperature poses a major challenge to the practical application of Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 2 O 2 F (NVOPF) cathodes in sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). To overcome this issue, we introduce a dual-functional AlF 3 coating that effectively stabilizes the interface while improving bulk electronic conductivity. The AlF 3 -modified NVOPF@C exhibits exceptional cycling stability at 55°C, maintaining 84.9% capacity after 1000 cycles at 10 C in half cells and 96.8% at 5 C in full cells using hard carbon anodes. Detailed characterization reveals that the AlF 3 coating promotes the formation of a robust, inorganic-rich CEI, primarily composed of a NaF/AlF 3 /NaAlF 4 ternary fluoride composite. This newly constructed CEI layer not only acts as a protective barrier to suppress detrimental interfacial side reactions but also serves as an efficient ionic conductor to facilitate Na + diffusion. In addition, the AlF 3 coating induces the creation of F─Al─O bridging bonds with surface oxygen groups, which collaborate with carbon nanotubes to establish a highly continuous conductive network that enables efficient electron transfer. These findings underscore the crucial significance of constructing a stable inorganic-dominated CEI and continuous conductive pathways for developing high-rate and thermally stable SIBs.
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PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
·
2026
·Vol. 46
·期 12
·118437
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IF 6.3
Zhiyuan Xu,Wenhao Li,Rong Li,Bangbang Liu,Jingxuan Luo,Wenjing Luo,Yuan Fang,Qiang Zhen
To meet the requirements of enhanced-performance Al 2 O 3 -SiC-C (ASC) refractories driven by larger modern blast furnaces, a novel in-situ approach to synthesize Al 4 Si 2 C 5 platelets within ASC was developed. Combined thermodynamic and experimental studies demonstrated the formation of Al 4 Si 2 C 5 platelets via AlF 3 -facilitated vapor-phase transport of Si sources to carbon at 1300–1600 °C. First-principles calculations indicate its growth initiates via SiC heterogeneous nucleation on C(002), followed by vapor adsorption of Al 2 O (g) , SiO (g), and SiOF 2(g). With 0.2 wt% AlF 3 , ASC castables exhibited markedly enhanced overall performance, including superior mechanical strength, improved thermal shock resistance, and significantly better oxidation and slag corrosion resistance. These enhancements arise from pore-filling by Al 4 Si 2 C 5 platelets and their role in forming a protective barrier during oxidation, which jointly hinder oxygen/slag penetration and crack propagation. This work provides fundamental insights into the low-temperature synthesis and reinforcement mechanisms of Al 4 Si 2 C 5 , offering a theoretical basis for designing high-performance refractories.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
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2026
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IF 6.7
Fangyi Wu,Meijia Liu,Yuanhang Wang,Hansen Zou,Hanqing Xu,Chao Wu,Fangong Kong
The 2LiBH 4 -MgH 2 composite has garnered extensive attention for industrial-scale hydrogen storage due to its excellent hydrogen capacity which has potential in addressing the increasing requirements for elevated energy density and extended cycle life. However, its practical application is still restricted by sluggish dehydrogenation kinetics and unsatisfactory thermodynamic stability. In this study, these limitations are addressed by introducing aluminum fluoride (AlF 3 ) as a catalyst, and the catalytic effect and mechanism are further investigated. The 2LiBH 4 -MgH 2 doped with 10% AlF 3 presents an extremely low onset dehydrogenation temperature of 181.8 °C. Specially, the nucleation period of MgB 2 is further decreased to 137 min, which is 49.91% shorter than that of the unmodified sample. In the case of dehydrogenation, it can release 6.33 wt% H 2 in 15 min at 400 °C. Kinetic analysis shows that the dehydrogenation activation energy is reduced to 174.93 kJ/mol, which is 65.65 kJ/mol lower than that of the ball-milled 2LiBH 4 -MgH 2 . Notably, in terms of hydrogen absorption, 9.38 wt% H 2 is absorbed within 34.2 min at 400 °C. When temperature reaching up to 350 °C, the composite can absorb 4.57 wt% H 2 within 1 h. Mechanistic analysis reveals that AlF 3 reacts with LiH and MgB 2 to generate LiF, MgF 2 , Li 3 AlF 6 and MgAlB 4 , and these products could alter the reaction pathway and further reduce the reaction energy barrier. Additionally, the reversible phase transformations of Al/Mg/Mg 17 Al 12 offer sufficient active sites during the re/dehydrogenation. Finally, MgF 2 and LiF serve as electron-shuttling media, thereby enhancing the hydrogen diffusion kinetics. This study not only proposes a viable method for improving the hydrogen storage behavior of 2LiBH 4 -MgH 2 , but also broadens the understanding of fluoride-assisted catalytic mechanisms.
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高影响因子
Journal of Energy Chemistry
·
2022
·
IF 13.599
Weicui Liu,Lingshuai Meng,Xueqiang Liu,Lu Gao,Xiaoxiao Wang,Junbao Kang,Jingge Ju,Nanping Deng,Bowen Cheng,Weimin Kang
Lithium metal batteries assembled with solid-state electrolyte can offer high safety and volumetric energy density compared to liquid electrolyte. The polymer solid-state electrolytes of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) are widely used in lithium metal solid-state batteries due to their unique properties. However, there are still some defects such as low ionic conductivity at room temperature and weak inhibition of lithium dendrite growth. Herein, the spiny inorganic nanofibers heterostructure with mullite whiskers grown on the surface of aluminum fluoride (AlF 3 ) nanofibers are introduced into the PEO-LiTFSI electrolytes for the first time to prepare composite solid-state electrolytes. The AlF 3 as a strong Lewis acid can adsorb anions and promote the dissociation of Li salts. Besides, the specially three-dimensional (3D) structure enlarges the effective contacting interface with the PEO polymer, which allows the lithium ions to be transported not only along the large aspect ratio of AlF 3 nanofibers, but also along the mullite phase in the transmembrane direction rapidly. Thereby, the transport channel of lithium ions at the spiny inorganic nanofibers-polymer interface is further improved. Benefiting from these advantages, the obtained composite solid-state electrolyte has a high ionic conductivity of 1.58 × 10 −4 S cm −1 at 30 °C and the lithium ions transfer number of 0.53. In addition, the AlF 3 has strong binding energy with anions, low electronic conductivity and wide electrochemical stability window, and reduced nucleation overpotential of lithium during cycling, which is positive for lithium dendrite suppression in solid-state electrolytes. Thus, the assembled symmetric Li/Li symmetric batteries exhibit stable cycling performance at different area capacities of 0.15, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 mA h cm −2 . More importantly, the LiFePO 4 (LFP)/Li battery still has 113.5 mA h g −1 remaining after 400 cycles at 50 °C and the Coulomb efficiency is nearly 100% during the long cycle. Overall, the interconnected structure of 3D spiny inorganic heterostructure nanofiber constitutes fast and uninterrupted lithium ions transport channels, maximizing the synergistic effect of interfacial transport of inorganic fillers and reducing PEO crystallinity, thus providing a novel approach to high performance solid-state electrolytes.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电化学
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储能技术
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纳米材料
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高分子科学
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DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2026
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IF 6.6
Xinbo Li,Qinghao Cao,Junyang Chen,Chuanpu Zhang,Qiang Ru
Dual-layer artificial interface of carbon/AlF 3 enhances conductivity and Na + transport, suppressing structural degradation. • NTVP@C/AF-1%: 184.58mAh g −1 at 0.1C, 93.66% capacity retention after 2500 cycles at 20C. • NTVP@C/AF-1% full cell: 81.88% capacity retention of after 300 cycles at 1C. The vanadium-based NASICON-type cathodes face challenges of excessive cost and capacity decay induced by structural degradation during cycling. Surface modification has been confirmed as a favorable strategy to purchase a reasonable balance between sodium storage performance and long lifespan for cathodes. A carbon/AlF 3 dual-layer artificial interface was ingeniously engineered to encapsulate the Na 2 TiV(PO 4 ) 3 cathode (NTVP). Through modulating AlF 3 coating content, the NTVP@C/AF-x% series (x = 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 5) were harvested to accelerate Na-ion diffusion and alleviate structural collapse, thereby strengthening the rate capability under high-rate conditions. Furthermore, the dual-layer artificial interface effectively reduces the polarization voltage and boosts the Na-ion diffusion coefficient. The strategy-modified NTVP@C/AF-1% cathode delivers a high specific capacity of 184.58 mAh g −1 at 0.1C, and maintains a capacity retention of 93.66% after 2500 cycles at 20C. Furthermore, the NTVP@C/AF-1% also serves as an anode, demonstrating favorable cycling durability with 91.67% capacity retention after 400 cycles at 1C. The NTVP@C/AF-1% cathode demonstrated excellent compatibility with the hard carbon anode. The assembled NTVP@C/AF-1% full cell exhibits enhanced electrochemical performance with a capacity retention of 81.88% after 300 cycles. This work demonstrates the modified interfacial structures can unlock more possibilities for the further development of NASICON-type cathodes. Download: Download high-res image (101KB) Download: Download full-size image
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高影响因子
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2023
·
IF 6.6
Liyu Chen,Jiaxin Yang,Yifan Zhang,Shaohua Wu,Youjian Yang,Wenju Tao,Jiangyu Yu,Zhaowen Wang
The electrochemical behavior of Zr(IV) on a molybdenum (Mo) electrode in a KF-AlF 3 -Al 2 O 3 -ZrO 2 molten salt system was studied using cyclic voltammetry (CV), square-wave voltammetry (SWV) and chronopotentiometry (CP). The reduction process of Zr(IV) was found to follow a two-step, two-electron transfer mechanism: Zr(IV)+2e − →Zr(II) and Zr(II)+2e − →Zr(0). The reduction process was quasi-reversible and controlled by diffusion. Al-Zr alloys were successfully obtained on Mo and liquid aluminum electrodes by potentiostatic electrodeposition . Flower-like AlZr 3 and irregular granular Al 3 Zr were obtained on the Mo electrode, which were mainly attributed to the electrochemical co-reduction of Al(III) and Zr(IV) in the molten salt. Three Al-Zr alloy phases, Al 3 Zr , Al 3 Zr 2, and Al 2 Zr, were obtained on the liquid aluminum electrode, among which Al 3 Zr was dominant in the product, followed by Al 3 Zr 2 .
研究领域:
材料科学
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电化学
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS
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2025
·
IF 3.5
Y.T. Liu,Y. Ji,W.J. Zhu,Q. Qian,Q.Y. Zhang
0.9 μm fiber lasers enable efficient generation of blue laser via second-harmonic conversion, which are essential light sources for applications such as undersea communications, laser displays, and biophotonic imaging. Glass fibers doped with Nd 3+ ions serve as the gain medium for these lasers; however, the competition from the four-energy-level transition 4 F 3/2 → 4 I 11/2 remains a significant challenge. Fluorophosphate (FP) glass combines the high rare-earth solubility of phosphate glasses with the low phonon energy of fluoride, particularly benefiting from large crystal field strength that enhances the 4 F 3/2 → 4 I 9/2 transition. Nonetheless, crystallization and phase separation in FP glass pose substantial challenges for this multi-component glass system. Herein, a novel Nd 3+ -doped Sr(PO 3 ) 2 −Ba(PO 3 ) 2 −AlF 3 −MgF 2 glass is reported. A thermodynamic approach was employed to predict the glass-forming region of the Sr(PO 3 ) 2 −AlF 3 −MgF 2 system, providing a robust design framework for FP compositions with superior glass-forming ability. Further investigations into the gradual substitution of Ba(PO 3 ) 2 to Sr(PO 3 ) 2 elucidate the structure-property relationship between the local network environment and Nd 3+ emission at 0.9 µm. The optimized FP glass demonstrates remarkable stability against crystallization (Δ T >100 °C), a high branching ratio (47.2 %), a large emission cross-section (2.36 × 10 −20 cm 2 ), an extended lifetime (334 μs), a high spectral quality factor (7.88 × 10 −24 cm 2 ·s), and a broad gain bandwidth (10.71 × 10 −26 cm 3 ) at 0.9 μm, surpassing previously reported glass hosts and establishing it as a highly promising host material for 0.9 μm fiber laser applications.
研究领域:
光子学
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材料科学
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光学材料
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激光技术
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玻璃科学
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DOI
高影响因子
Energy Storage Materials
·
2025
·
IF 20.2
Rongrong Guo,Xiaoyun Xu,Songmei Li,Yangyang Cheng,Junwei An,Mei Yu,Jinyan Zhong,Juan Du,Shubin Yang,Bin Li
Lithium bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)azanide (LiTFSI) based electrolytes have become the preferred electrolytes for lithium metal batteries (LMBs) due to their exceptional anode stability and ionic conductivity. However, challenges including unstable cathode electrolyte interface (CEI) formation and aluminum current collector (AlCC) corrosion have hindered the application of LiTFSI-based electrolyte in high-voltage LMBs. In this work, a universal passivation strategy is proposed and achieved with additive 8-hydroxyquinoline (8-HQ) in LiTFSI based electrolyte (ED-HQ). The 8-HQ additive preferentially decomposes on the cathode surface to generate Li 3 N, inducing the formation of inorganic-rich CEI with a uniform thickness of only 10 nm. The dense and homogeneous inorganic-rich CEI enables the cycling stability of the cathode. Meanwhile, the 8-HQ additive shows strong adsorption on the AlCC surface, which promotes the formation of a composite passivation layer consisting of an Aluminum-8-hydroxyquinoline (Alq 3 ) chelate layer and an AlF 3 /LiF inorganic layer, increasing the stable operating voltage of AlCC to 4.9 V and reducing the corrosion current density to one tenth. As a result, the joint effects enable Li||LiFePO 4 cells with ED-HQ electrolyte to achieve 89.8% capacity retention after 500 cycles at an elevated cutoff voltage of 4.5 V, demonstrating a viable pathway toward stable high-voltage LMB operation.
研究领域:
电化学
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储能
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材料科学
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电池技术
·
表面化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）