RSC Advances
·
2025
·Vol. 15
·期 18
·14072-14078
·
IF 4.6
Beixiao Zhang,Gul Muhammad,Liya Deng,Md Asraful Alam,Anqi Zhao,Thomas O. Butler,Zhenglong Li,Ximing Zhang,Jingliang Xu
Microalgae biomass is regarded as a potential feedstock for valuable compounds such as pigments, lipids and proteins. However, development of single molecule extraction processes is the most common practice. A green multiproduct extraction approach is needed for economically sustainable process development of the microalgal industry. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the sequential extraction of lutein and lipid from dry and wet Chlorella pyrenoidosa biomass pretreated with a choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvent (DES) under a sustainable biorefinery scheme. In this context, we have assessed the kinetic modeling of the solid–liquid extraction process for the aforementioned compounds, focusing on the effects of temperature and time. The maximum lutein (3.80 mg g−1) and lipid (95.0 mg g−1) contents from dry biomass were obtained at 45 °C in 40 min and at 70 °C in 90 min, respectively. From wet biomass, the maximum lutein (2.57 mg g−1) and lipid contents (87.47 mg g−1) were obtained at 35 °C in 40 min and at 70 °C in 90 min, respectively. The kinetics of the solvent-based extraction process for lutein and lipids were assessed via first-order and second-order kinetic models with an associated investigation of kinetic parameters, such as rate constants, saturation concentration and activation energies. We found that temperature is an important parameter that influences the extraction of all compounds and also has a significant impact on the kinetic parameters. Toxicity evaluation of the DES and economic assessment of DES vs. ionic liquids (ILs) were performed. The synthesis cost of the DES is lower than that of ILs, and Escherichia coli JM109 survivability assessment confirms the DES as a non-toxic solvent. The present study provides valuable insights into the sequential extraction for a high-value multiproduct biorefinery.
研究领域:
生物技术
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可再生资源与环境
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ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
·
2022
·
IF 9.988
Wei Song,Caixia Fu,Yuning Fang,Zhuoyue Wang,Ji Li,Xiaolei Zhang,Kalpana Bhatt,Lu Liu,Ningjie Wang,Fang Liu,Shunni Zhu
Microplastics (MPs), an emerging pollutant, have been increasingly raising concern due to the potential impacts on aquatic organisms. Moreover, the environmental aged MPs always exhibit different environmental behavior and interaction effect with organic pollutants from virgin MPs. In this work, the single and combined toxicity impact on Chlorella pyrenoidosa , a symbiont representative, has been investigated between MPs (e.g., polyamide microplastic (PA6), 75 μm) and organic pollutants (e.g., sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and dicamba (DCB)). Growth inhibition, chlorophyll accumulation, superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and catalase (CAT) were investigated with the primary or UV-aged PA6. Above 0.5 g/L PA6 (primary or UV-aged) inhibited cell growth and chlorophyll accumulation after 96 h cultivation as compared with the control. Besides, the inhibition impacts have enhanced as the UV-aging time extending in the single PA6 systems. The algae growth inhibition rate after 96 h cultivation in both the system i.e., single (PA6: 6.9%) and combined (PA6-SMX: 14.2%, PA6-DCB: 14.9%) was slightly lower than that of exposing in organic pollutants alone (SMX: 23.9%, DCB: 25.0%), while the chl. b concentration in 60 days UV-aged PA6 combined with SMX (1.19 mg/L) or DCB (1.40 mg/L) systems were higher than in single SMX (1.04 mg/L) or DCB (1.33 mg/L) system. In addition, there were several differences of the cellular oxidative stress in the combined system of SMX and DCB. Specially, it was not noticeable of three enzymatic activities for SMX exposing in the presence of primary or UV-aged PA6. While SOD, CAT, and MDA activities was obviously increasing after exposing in PA6 and DCB combined system, indicating the significant synergistic effect on algae cells damage. This research verified the remarkable combined toxicity between UV-aged MPs and organic pollutants on microalgae.
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ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
·
2020
·
IF 6.793
Fang Wang,Bin Wang,Han Qu,Wenxing Zhao,Lei Duan,Yizhe Zhang,Yitong Zhou,Gang Yu
Plastic pollution has become a pressing issue due to its persistence in the environment. Smaller plastics are more easily ingested, potentially exerting greater influences on organisms. In this study, the effects of polystyrene nanoplastics (NP) on the toxic effects, bioaccumulation, biodegradation and enantioselectivity of ibuprofen (IBU) in algae Chlorella pyrenoidosa were explored. The influences on the growth rate, chlorophyll a , total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation (MDA) were evaluated after 96 h of exposure to a combination of polystryene NP (1 mg L −1 ) and IBU (5–100 mg L −1 ). The results indicated that the inhibitory effect of IBU on C. pyrenoidosa growth was alleviated in the presence of NP. For instance, the 96 h-IC 50 value for rac-IBU in the treatment lacking NP was 45.7 mg L −1 , and the corresponding value in the treatment containing NP was 63.9 mg L −1 . The co-exposure of NP led to a significant enhancement of T-AOC and slight reduction of ROS and MDA compared with the individual exposure (IBU) group, suggesting a decreased oxidative stress . In addition, treatment with NP led to a decreased bioaccumulation and accelerated biodegradation of IBU in C. pyrenoidosa and enhanced removal in the medium. The enantioselective toxicity, bioaccumulation and biodegradation of IBU were observed both in the absence and presence of NP. S-IBU exhibited a greater toxicity, and R-IBU was preferentially accumulated and degraded in C. pyrenoidosa . No interconversion of the two enantiomers occurred regardless of the presence of NP. This consequence implied that the influence of coexistent NP should be considered in the environmental risk assessment of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in aquatic environments.
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ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
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2019
·
IF 4.527
Kun Yan,Yanhua Liu,Qiulian Yang,Weixia Liu,Ruixin Guo,Jinhong Sui,Zhengyu Yan,Jianqiu Chen
Quantum dots (QDs), as a kind of novel nanomaterial , have the extensive applications in various fields, inevitably leading to increasing risks for the ecological environment. The mobilization of cadmium including metal smelting and subsequent machining for multifarious applications has caused the release of cadmium element into the environment. In this study, we evaluated the potential toxicity of a novel nanoparticle material CdSe QDs, using two green algae Chlorella pyrenoidosa and Scenedesmus obliquus . The impact of CdSe QDs and cadmium ions on algae and the sensitivity of the two algae on target compounds were also considered and compared. Our results showed the algal growth rates and chlorophyll content decreased with increasing exposure concentrations and durations. Moreover, the glutathione levels were decreased while the activities of superoxide dismutase increased, exhibiting their pivotal functions in defeating toxic stress. The increment of malondialdehyde levels revealed that the stresses of CdSe QDs and cadmium ions were contributed to the occurrence of oxidative damage. Our study also indicated that the impact of CdSe QDs was stronger than that of cadmium nitrate and the algal response was also species-specific. In addition, the TEM photographs of the algal ultrastructure showed the presence of surface attachment and uptake of QDs.
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JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2025
·
IF 11.3
Jiaru Ma,Qian Xiong,Fei Tian,Hengyu Wu,Fengqi Xie,Yanfen Chen,Qinglin Tang,Yuqin Zou,Xinyan Huang,Yousheng Liu,Guangguo Ying
Benzotriazoles (BTRs), widely used as tire additives, pose a significant challenge as persistent aquatic pollutants due to their recalcitrance to conventional biological degradation. This study elucidated methanol (ME)-enhanced co-metabolic degradation of 1H-benzotriazole (BT) and 5-chlorobenzotriazole (CBT) by green microalgae. Among the six microalgal species evaluated, Chlorella pyrenoidosa demonstrated superior removal of BT and CBT under 1 % ME supplementation, achieving efficiencies of 33.50 % and 89.67 %, respectively. ME functioned as an electron donor, which favored the reductive dechlorination of CBT, leading to a 2.85-fold higher removal efficiency compared to BT. Biotransformation was identified as the dominant removal mechanism, with 11 and 10 transformation products (TPs) detected for BT and CBT, respectively. An integrated analysis of TPs and transcriptomic data revealed that ME activates a metabolic enzyme-photosynthetic machinery, enhancing electron transport, energy generation, cytochrome P450 (CYP450) expression, and extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) production, thereby facilitating efficient pollutant removal. The proposed degradation pathways further confirmed the role of ME in facilitating specific biotransformation reactions. These findings provide mechanistic insights and establish a theoretical foundation for the development of ME-microalgae co-metabolism systems as a sustainable technology for remediating persistent pollutants in aquatic ecosystems.
研究领域:
环境科学
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藻类学
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微藻生物技术
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污染物修复
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水生毒理学
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代谢途径
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ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY
·
2014
·Vol. 67
·期 4
·593-600
·
IF 1.96
Zhang Weiguo,Liu Min,Zhang Peiliang,Yu Fugen,Lu Shan,Li Pengfu,Zhou Junying
Only limited information is available on herbicide toxicity to algae under mixotrophic conditions. In the present study, we studied the effects of the herbicide paraquat on growth, photosynthetic pigments, antioxidant enzymes, and gene expression in Chlorella pyrenoidosa under mixotrophic compared with autotrophic conditions. The mean measured exposure concentrations of paraquat under mixotrophic and autotrophic conditions were in the range of 0.3–3.4 and 0.6–3.6 μM, respectively. Exposure to paraquat for 72 h under both autotrophic and mixotrophic conditions induced decreased growth and chlorophyll (Chl) content, increased superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities, and decreased transcript abundances of three photosynthesis-related genes (light-independent protochlorophyllide reductase subunit, photosystem II protein D1, and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunit [ rbc L]). Compared with autotrophic conditions, the inhibition percentage of growth rate under mixotrophic conditions was lower at 0.8 μM paraquat, whereas it was greater at 1.8 and 3.4 μM paraquat. With exposure to 0.8–3.4 μM paraquat, the inhibition rates of Chl a and b content under mixotrophic conditions (43.1–52.4 % and 54.6–59.7 %, respectively) were greater compared with autotrophic conditions, whereas the inhibition rate of rbc L gene transcription under mixotrophic conditions (35.7–44.0 %) was lower. These data showed that similar to autotrophic conditions, paraquat affected the activities of antioxidant enzymes and decreased Chl synthesis and transcription of photosynthesis-related genes in C. pyrenoidosa under mixotrophic conditions, but a differential susceptibility to paraquat toxicity occurred between autotrophically versus mixotrophically grown cells.
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BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
·
2019
·
IF 6.669
Yuxi Liu,Wenbiao Jin,Xu Zhou,Song-Fang Han,Renjie Tu,Xiaochi Feng,Paul D. Jensen,Qilin Wang
In this work, a novel flocculation process by using nano-Fe 3 O 4 coated with polyethyleneimine (Fe 3 O 4 @PEI) as magnetic seeds was developed to harvest the microalgae cultivated in urban sewage. Experiment results indicated that the harvest efficiency of Chlorella pyrenoidosa (0.5 g/L) was 98.92 ± 0.41% under the optimal conditions of Fe 3 O 4 @PEI dose of 20 mL/L, flocculation time of 20 min, and stirring speed of 800 rpm (3 min), while that of Scenedesmus obliquus (0.4 g/L) was 98.45 ± 0.35% under a Fe 3 O 4 @PEI dose of 16 mL/L, flocculation time of 15 min, and stirring speed of 730 rpm (3 min). Moreover, the process did not reduce the lipid content of microalgae and quality of biodiesel. After microalgae harvest, Fe 3 O 4 @PEI could be recovered by ultrasonication, re-wrapped with polyethyleneimine and reused to reduce operational cost.
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Food Chemistry-X
·
2026
·
IF 9.2
Jiantao Zhao,Shu Li,Jinglei Wang,Weibing Zeng,Yayin Qi,Xiaolin Xu,Jianhua Fan,Cheng Chen,Wenju Zhang
This study elucidates the mechanism by which Chlorella pyrenoidosa enhances meat quality in finishing lambs via modulation of the jejunal microbiota and muscle metabolism. In a 60-day trial, 32 lambs were fed diets supplemented with 0%, 1%, 3%, or 5% C. pyrenoidosa . C. pyrenoidosa supplementation significantly improved meat color, elevated amino acid (AA) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) levels, and reduced saturated fatty acid content in the Longissimus dorsi muscle. 16S rRNA gene sequencing identified an enrichment of specific jejunal microbes, including Bifidobacterium and Mogibacterium . Integrated microbiota-metabolome analysis indicated that C. pyrenoidosa modulated the D-amino acid metabolism pathway. Transcriptome analysis revealed the upregulation of key genes involved in fatty acid β-oxidation (carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1B, CPT1B ) and amino acid synthesis (glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 1, GOT1 ). In conclusion, C. pyrenoidosa enhances lamb meat quality by remodeling the jejunal microbiota and concurrently promoting both fatty acid β-oxidation and AA synthesis in muscle.
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FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
·
2026
·
IF 8.8
Siyan Liu,Heyu Pan,Yanchao Mao,Feifei Wang,Na Zhang,Shuyi Li,Zhenzhou Zhu
Chlorella pyrenoidosa is a promising plant-based protein source , whereas the volatile off-flavours derived from lipid oxidation substantially limit consumer acceptance. Selenium (Se) is recognised as a beneficial trace element that can improve flavour characteristics in plants by enhancing antioxidant capacity. This study investigated the effects of Se supplementation (0–2 mg/L) on the volatile profile of C. pyrenoidosa and explored the underlying mechanisms. E-nose analysis revealed significant differences in flavour profile among the treatments. GC–IMS and GC–MS identified 25 and 28 volatile organic compounds (VOCs), respectively. Fifteen key aroma compounds were screened by orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS–DA), random forest (RF) modelling, and odour activity value (OAV) and relative OAV (ROAV) calculations. Notably, 0.50 mg/L Se was identified as the optimal enrichment concentration, as it improved overall flavour quality by reducing aldehyde accumulation, particularly hexanal. This improvement was attributed to Se-mediated reductions in lipid content and enhanced antioxidant capacity, as evidenced by increased glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and alleviated lipid peroxidation, alongside decreased lipoxygenase (LOX) and hydroperoxide lyase (HPL) activities by 60.08% and 37.31% respectively, thereby inhibiting the formation of off-flavour VOCs. Overall, this study provides the first evidence that Se modulates the flavour profile of C. pyrenoidosa and preliminarily elucidates the mechanism by which appropriate Se supplementation improves flavour quality through reshaping biochemical composition, maintaining redox homeostasis, and regulating key enzymes involved in aldehyde biosynthesis. These findings offer a theoretical foundation for developing novel functional microalgal-based foods.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 13.3
Xingyue Wei,Hanmin Zhang,Mengbo Cao
In this study, a series of Co-doped NPC biochar (nCo-NPC) was prepared by one-step pyrolysis of N and P-rich Chlorella pyrenoidosa (CP) waste mixed with cobalt nitrate for heterogeneous catalytic ozonation (HCO) degradation of ibuprofen (IBU). Compared to the HCO process using CoOx or NPC catalysts, the 2Co-NPC catalyst showed superior performance in the degradation of IBU due to the synergistic effect between the CoOx and NPC. The 2Co-NPC catalyst exhibited high stability after five trials, with the removal efficiency decreasing from 99.9 % to 85.4 %. Moreover, hydroxyl radicals ( OH) and adsorbed atomic oxygen (*O) were identified as the main active species in 2Co-NPC HCO process. The coupling of NPC and CoOx formed electron-rich Co(II) center and electron-deficient NPC center. The electron-rich Co(II) center can direct decomposition of adsorbed ozone into *O and further convert to OH. The electron-deficient NPC center gained electrons from organic pollutants, C N, C O, and P groups through C O Co and C N Co bonds, stimulating the π-cation reaction to transfer to the Co(II) center, thus accelerating the cycling between Co(II) and Co(III). Additionally, the deprotonation of surface hydroxyl groups may also serve as a potential active site for the decomposition of ozone into OH. This study used biomass CP as a precursor coupled with cobalt salt, revealing electron transfer pathways and providing new insights for the future developing of low-cost, efficient, and stable ozone catalysts.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料科学
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Environmental Science-Nano
·
2022
·Vol. 9
·期 9
·3525-3537
·
IF 9.473
Manman Cao,Fei Wang,Beihai Zhou,Huilun Chen,Rongfang Yuan,Shuai Ma,Huanhuan Geng,Baoshan Xing
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have little impact on organisms at environmentally relevant concentrations. However, AgNPs coexisting with photoactive minerals may show an elevated combined ecotoxicity due to the additional photoinduced cytotoxicity caused by the Ag loading, which increases the photocatalytic activity. Herein, key pathway perturbations in the algae Chlorella pyrenoidosa (C. pyrenoidosa) under exposure to AgNPs, hematite nanoparticles (HemNPs), and their mixtures (direct exposure (MX1) and exposure after interaction (MX2)) were explored under illumination using transcriptomic and metabolomic approaches. The results showed that the MX2 group exhibited the strongest C. pyrenoidosa growth inhibition. The AgNPs, HemNPs, MX1 and MX2 groups significantly triggered ROS production in algal cells, which increased by 11.05%, 5.54%, 4.79% and 13.58%, respectively. Notably, the cell membrane was obviously damaged only in the MX2 group. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses showed that metabolic pathways, such as starch and sucrose metabolism, pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, and amino acid metabolism, were significantly altered. To examine the internal mechanisms behind these differences in genes and metabolites, ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and photocurrent response measurements were used to determine the photochemical properties of the four systems. AgNPs attachment enhanced the photoelectric properties of the AgNPs/HemNPs composite (MX2), improving the photoinduced electron–hole pair separation efficiency and charge separation efficiency. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) results also showed that the MX2 system yielded the highest amount of free radicals. Free radicals caused photoinduced cytotoxicity in algae, leading to aggravated toxicity of AgNPs to C. pyrenoidosa in the presence of HemNPs.
研究领域:
环境科学
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毒理学
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微生物学
·
生物化学
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JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2023
·
IF 13.6
Hongping Liao,Dandan Gao,Chunmiao Kong,Muhammad Junaid,Ye Li,Xikun Chen,Qingzhi Zheng,Guanglong Chen,Jun Wang
Nanoplastics and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) are ubiquitous emerging contaminants that are transferred among organisms through food chain in the ecosystem. This study evaluated the trophic transfer of polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPs) and DEHP in a food chain including Chlorella pyrenoidosa , Daphnia magna and Micropterus salmoides (algae-crustacean-fish) and lipid metabolism at a higher trophic level in fish. Our results showed that the PSNPs and DEHP accumulated in C. pyrenoidosa or D. magna were transferred to the M. salmoides , of which the DEHP were not biomagnified, while the PSNPs were trophically amplified by the food chain. It is suggested that more PSNPs might be accumulated by higher level consumers in a longer food chain. Additionally, the trophic transfer of PSNPs and DEHP resulted in antioxidant response and histopathological damage in M. salmoides . Moreover, the lipid biochemical parameters and lipid metabolism related genes ( fasn , hsl , cpt1a , atgl , apob , fabp1 , lpl , cetp ) of M. salmoides were significantly affected, which indicated disturbance of lipid metabolism. This study offers great insight into the transfer of contaminants by trophic transfer and their negative effects on organisms at higher trophic levels, which cause human exposure to MNPs and organic contaminants in the ecosystem.
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危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）