JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2025
·
IF 11.3
Yongrui Pi,Yan Li,Wenpeng Jia,Yongzheng Tang
The microalgae-bacteria consortia (MBC) system has demonstrated significant potential in enhancing the removal efficiency of antibiotics from wastewater. This study systematically evaluated the treatment of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (CIP) wastewater using pure microalgae ( Chlorella vulgaris ) (PM), pure bacteria (PB), and the MBC formed by the combination of PM and PB. The MBC system achieved an impressive CIP removal rate of 94.6 ± 0.6 % at an initial concentration of 10 mg/L. As the initial concentration of CIP increased from 10 to 80 mg/L, the biodegradation rate declined from 0.42 to 0.13 d - ¹ , with the half-life of CIP significantly increasing from 1.66 to 5.23 days. The MBC notably enhanced CIP removal efficiency by promoting microbial metabolic activity and increasing the concentration of photosynthetic pigments. The secretion of CIP-degrading enzymes to mitigate intracellular oxidative stress indicates the superior tolerance and degradation capacity of the MBC system towards CIP. Acinetobacter johnsonii was identified as the primary contributor to the CIP biodegradation. The molar yield coefficient (MYC) for the bacteria is nearly 2-times fold of that for C. vulgaris based on the growth-process equations of cells on CIP. Collectively, these findings provide valuable insights into the mechanisms by which MBC outperforms PM or PB in the treatment of CIP-contaminated wastewater, thereby contributing to advancements in sustainable wastewater management practices.
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Journal of Chemistry
·
2020
·Vol. 2020
·期 1
·8758432
·
IF 1.79
Wu Yi-cheng,Yang Ai-li,Gao Wei,Fu Hai-yan,Wang Ze-jie
The roles of Al 2 O 3 nanoparticles on the removal of carbamazepine (CBZ) by Chlorella vulgaris immobilized in sodium alginate gel beads were for the first time investigated. The optimum conditions to prepare immobilized C. vulgaris beads with addition of Al 2 O 3 nanoparticles were determined as follows: C. vulgaris density was 3.0 × 10 6 cells for 1 mL sodium alginate solution, Al 2 O 3 nanoparticle concentration was 0.5 g/L, and concentrations of sodium alginate and CaCl 2 were 1.6% and 1%, respectively. The results showed that the proposed algae beads achieved the highest CBZ removal rate of 89.6% after 4 days of treatment, relative to 68.84%, 48.56%, and 17.76% in sodium alginate-immobilized C. vulgaris , free microalgae, and Al 2 O 3 nanoparticle alginate beads, respectively. The results also showed that the CBZ removal rate increased with more proposed algae beads, while decreased with increased bead diameter. The algae beads exhibited excellent CBZ removal ability even after three recycles. This work provided an economical and effective approach to remove CBZ from water.
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ANALYST
·
2020
·Vol. 145
·期 16
·5500-5507
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IF 3.978
Wene Liu,Lili Tian,Jie Du,Jiangmin Wu,Yongmei Liu,Guofan Wu,Xiaoquan Lu
Developing a rapid, low-cost, and multimode detection method for heavy metal ions remains a compelling goal for many applications, including food safety, environmental and biological analysis. This study investigated the influence of Hg2+ on the peroxidase-like activity of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) decorated on carbon dots (CDs) from lysine (denoted as GNP@CDs). A new type of Hg2+-triggered peroxidase-like activity of GNP@CDs was discovered, which could catalyze the oxidation of the colorless 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) into blue TMB. Based on the regulation of the catalytically triggered activity, a sensitive colorimetric method for the detection of Hg2+ was developed, with a linear range of 7–150 nM, providing a limit of detection as low as 3.7 nM. The sensor is simple and rapid, and was successfully applied to the detection of Hg2+ enrichment in chlorella, suggesting a promising application in biological analysis.
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Environmental Science-Processes & Impacts
·
2023
·
IF 5.5
Yi Liu,Mengen Kang,Yuzhu Weng,Yuanyuan Ding,Xue Bai
Recent studies have reported that nanoparticles (NPs) released into the aquatic environment may interact with persistent organic pollutants such as brominated flame retardants, whereas the environmental processes and toxicological impacts induced by such binary NPs require further specification. This study investigated the ultrastructural damage of Chlorella vulgaris triggered by exposure to zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs, tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), ZnO–TBBPA, and ZnO–TBBPA–humic acid (HA), clarified the uptake and distribution of ZnO NPs in cells, and explored the physiological toxicity and tolerance mechanism. The results demonstrated that ZnO NPs induced irregular morphology in algal cells, and the disruption of the cellular ultrastructure by binary ZnO–TBBPA was also extremely severe due to the excessive uptake of ZnO NPs, which resulted in strong oxidative stress responses. In particular, the accumulation of reactive oxygen species further exacerbated the reduction of total chlorophyll content and algal density. Moreover, the cluster heat map and correlation analysis revealed that superoxide dismutase activity played a critical role in alleviating lipid peroxidation damage and enhancing the tolerance of algal cells to the stress of binary ZnO NPs. More notably, the existence of HA intensified the dispersion stability of NP suspensions and significantly mitigated the synergistic toxicity of binary ZnO–TBBPA. This study provides new insights into the environmental behavior and biological impacts of binary NPs in the natural environment.
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SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2016
·
IF 3.976
Zunwei Chen,Shufang Song,Yuezhong Wen
The priority pollutant chromium (Cr) was ubiquitous and great efforts have been made to reduce Cr (VI) into less-toxic Cr (III) by alga for the convenient availability and low expense. However, the functional role of organelle inside the algal cell in Cr (VI) reduction was poorly understood. In this study, organelles in green algae Chlorella vulgaris were extracted and further decorated for Cr (VI) reduction tests. Results showed that the chloroplast exhibited not only adsorption ability of total Cr (21.18% comparing to control) but also reduction potential of Cr (VI) (almost 70% comparing to control), whose most suitable working concentration was at 17 μg/mL. Furtherly, the isolated thylakoid membrane (ITM) showed better Cr (VI) reduction potential with the presence of sodium alginate (SA), even though the Hill reaction activity (HRA) was inhibited. As for photosystem II (PSII), the addition of mesoporous silica SBA-15 enhanced the reduction ability through improving the light-harvesting complex (LHC) II efficiency and electron transport rate. On the whole, the reduction ability order of the three kinds of materials based on chloroplast in C. vulgaris was PSII@SBA-15 > Chloroplast > ITM@SA. The attempt made in this study to reduce the Cr (VI) with C. vulgaris organelles might not only offer basement to detect the potential action mechanism of Cr (VI) reduction by C. vulgaris but also provide a new sight for the scavenge of heavy metal with biological materials.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 13.2
Xiaolei Liu,Xiaoman Jiang,Anjie Li
Microalgal-bacterial granular sludge (MBGS) offers an efficient solution for low-carbon sewage treatment by eliminating challenging sludge-water separation processes. However, the impact of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS)-enveloped micro-environments on microalgae and the role of microalgae-derived phytohormones in bacterial signaling in MBGS remain poorly understood. This study investigated the characteristics of Chlorella vulgaris within an EPS-enveloped micro-environment using bio-entrapment in natural polysaccharide-protein (PS-PN) hydrogel granules. Results showed that PS-PN hydrogel bio-entrapment facilitates microalgal cell aggregation and proliferation, and upregulated pathways for photosynthesis, carbon metabolism, and antioxidant defense, suggesting that aggregated growth in PS-PN granules enhanced carbon fixation, organic metabolism, and environmental adaptation. In addition, tryptophan in the hydrogel activated the tryptamine pathway of C. vulgaris , increasing indoleacetic acid (IAA) production to 212.88 ± 7.86 μg/L (vs. 1.95 ± 0.10 μg/L in suspended cells). This IAA alleviated Pseudomonas stutzeri growth inhibition under sulfamethoxazole (SMX) stress. The microalgae-bacteria symbiotic system seeded with aggregated-growth microalgae exhibited superior growth and antioxidant enzyme activity under SMX stress. This study highlights the advantages of aggregated-growth microalgae in supporting both their survival and that of symbiotic bacteria under antibiotic stress, and provides new insights into the role of microalgae-derived phytohormones in microalgae-bacteria signaling and stress resistance within MBGS.
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International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
·
2022
·Vol. 19
·期 11
·11087-11102
·
IF 3.519
Musah B. I.,Wan P.,Xu Y.,Liang C.,Peng L.
Abstract The removal of chromium (VI) and iron (II) was investigated using acid-pretreated Chlorella vulgaris (CV) and Spirulina platensis (SP) biomass from an aqueous solution. The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area of the pretreated biosorbents 8.125 and 11.215 m 2 /g for CV-H 2 SO 4 and SP-H 2 SO 4 showed improvement as compared to the untreated biosorbents 1.513 and 2.648 m 2 /g for CV-raw and SP-raw, respectively. The Fourier transform infrared analyses exhibited some new peaks on the surfaces of the biosorbents after the pretreatment such as 3288, 3083, 1155, 699, 668, and 610 cm −1 which perhaps facilitated the removal of the metal ions. The optimum biosorbent dosage was 0.4 g with the maximum removal of chromium (VI) and iron (II) being 100% at pH 6 and 3, respectively. The X-ray diffractometry analyses showed that the biosorbents were amorphous solids. The desorption study revealed 0.1 M HNO 3 as the best eluent for recovering the biosorbed metal ions with 75.5%. The thermodynamics analysis showed that the biosorption of chromium (VI) was nonspontaneous with SP-H 2 SO 4 and CV-H 2 SO 4 . At low temperature ( T < T eq ), the values for ΔH o , ΔS o , and ΔG o parameters are 41.98 kJ/mol , 135.28 kJ/mol/K, and 2.59, 2.20, 1.75 and 1.88 kJ/mol. The equilibrium and kinetic data were best described by the Langmuir isotherm and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, respectively. The Freundlich isotherm model confirmed the favorability of the biosorption process with n values 3.9061, 4.7094, 3.3185, and 3.8260 . This study revealed that pretreated Chlorella vulgaris and Spirulina platensis are suitable, efficient, and eco-friendly biomass for the remediation of environmental pollutants. Graphical abstract
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NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
·
2024
·Vol. 48
·期 10
·4426-4436
·
IF 2.7
Beibei Lu,Hui Hu,Guangzhen Yang,Ming Pan,Youdi Wang,Jichuan Zhang,Jianglin Zhang,Jiaheng Zhang
In this study, ultrasound-assisted natural deep-eutectic solvents (NaDESs) were used to extract Chlorella. A safe and stable Ect-Pan DES (DES formed by ectoin and panthenol) was prepared by mixing different molar ratios of ectoin and panthenol. Compared with traditional extraction methods, Ect-Pan DES combined with ultrasonic treatment not only saves time but also improves the extraction efficiency of Chlorella (5.32 mg g−1). Chlorella extract has good skin permeability and can penetrate the skin cuticle to the epidermis and dermis. Chlorella extract has good anti-wrinkle and firming effects on the human body along with its biosafety, biocompatibility, and antioxidant activity. Therefore, Chlorella extract has potential for application as an anti-wrinkle agent for anti-wrinkle cosmetics.
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BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
·
2026
·
IF 8.2
Yuhao Yan,Hong Gao,Rundong Chen,Zhigang Wang,Cheng Zeng,Jia Yuan,Jianjun Liu,Rong Chen
Triazine-based UV filters exhibit potential low toxicity risk and efficient biodegradation. • OCR causes irreversible damage and should be treated as a priority pollutant. • DHHB persistently inhibits photosynthesis, requiring assessment of chronic low‑dose risks. • AVB exhibits adaptation but poses cumulative risk under environmental fluctuation. Low-dose chronic toxicity can induce sublethal biological effects, which is of great significance for assessing the ecological toxicity of UV filters. In this study, we investigated the chronic toxicity of three triazine-based UV filters including bis-ethylhexyloxyphenol methoxyphenyl triazine (BEMT), diethylhexyl butamido triazone (DBT), and ethylhexyl triazone (EHT) and three non-triazine UV filters: diethylamino hydroxybenzoyl hexyl benzoate (DHHB), avobenzone (AVB), and octocrylene (OCR) on Chlorella vulgaris . Results indicated that the triazine-based UV filters exerted no statistically significant effects (p > 0.05) on Chlorella vulgaris cell growth, photosynthetic pigment-contents, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, or malondialdehyde (MDA) content throughout the entire exposure period (p > 0.05). Consequently, these compounds triggered no discernible antioxidant response in Chlorella vulgaris , implying that the exposure regimes were inadequate to induce measurable physiological alterations. By contrast, the three non–triazine UV filters exhibited markedly different chronic toxic effects (p < 0.05). The Chlorella vulgaris in the AVB treatment group exhibited a dynamic toxicity profile and induced reversible, adaptive oxidative stress. DHHB displayed sustained growth inhibition throughout the exposure period and primarily impairs Chlorella vulgaris growth via direct phototoxicity targeting the photosynthetic apparatus. While OCR manifested delayed toxicity, driven by irreversible, intense oxidative damage. Further investigations revealed that triazine–based UV filters could be efficiently biodegraded by Chlorella vulgaris , with removal efficiencies reaching 85 %. Collectively, these results demonstrate that triazine–based UV filters possess greater ecological safety than non–triazine counterparts. This study thus provides critical foundational data for the ecological risk assessment of emerging triazine-based UV filters. Download: Download high-res image (177KB) Download: Download full-size image
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PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
·
2025
·
IF 7.8
Lei Hu,Yuxuan Tian,Ning Ding,Hong Liu
In this study, iron-doped molybdenum disulfide (FeMoS 2 ) was hydrothermally synthesized and subsequently coupled with calcined graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) to construct a heterojunction . Comprehensive characterization confirmed the stable crystalline structure of the composites and the formation of robust interfacial coupling, which facilitated efficient photogenerated charge separation. Furthermore, UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy revealed a significant extension of the visible-light absorption edge compared to pristine FeMoS 2 , with the bandgap narrowing to 1.99 eV. Under optimized conditions (0.6 g/L catalyst dosage, 1.0 mM peroxydisulfate (PDS), pH 6), the FeMoS 2 /g-C 3 N 4 /PDS system achieved 88 % Chlorella vulgaris inactivation in 60 min under visible light, retaining more than 60 % efficiency after five cycles. Mechanistic investigations revealed that superoxide radicals (·O 2 - ) and photogenerated holes (h + ) synergistically inactivated Chlorella via reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced membrane peroxidation and antioxidant system disruption. Algal physiological assays and microscopic imaging further corroborated that photocatalytically generated ROS compromised cellular membrane integrity and induced chloroplast degradation.
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BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
·
2018
·
IF 5.807
Yun Huang,Chaoyang Wei,Qiang Liao,Ao Xia,Xun Zhu,Xianqing Zhu
To improve the carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio of harvested microalgae biomass for better producing biogas by fermentation, biodegradable cationic starch with high C/N ratio were synthesized to harvest Chlorella vulgaris . The impact of pH was also studied as the zeta potential of both microalgae and cationic starch would change with pH. Results indicated the cationic starch can harvest above 99% of the microalgae and the C/N ratio can rise from 7.50 to 7.90. The zeta potential of microalgae always kept negative and presented a trend of descending firstly and then upgrade. The maximum microalgae biomass flocculation capacity of 1 g cationic starch was 8.62 g with the help of self-flocculation at pH 3. The concentration of flocs formed at pH 11 was 25.74 g L −1 and the diameter was 0.553 mm which was much larger than the flocs formed at pH 3 (0.208 mm).
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CHEMOSPHERE
·
2019
·
IF 5.108
Han Zhang,Na Liu,Jinfeng Zhao,Fei Ge,Yin Xu,Yuehui Chen
Oxygen evolution complex (OEC) in photosystem II (PSII) is sensitive to environmental stressors. However, oxidative damage mechanism in PSII-OEC is still unclear. Here, we investigated photosynthetic performance of PSII, oxidative stress and antioxidant reaction induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a unicellular green alga Chlorella vulgaris ( C. vulgaris ) under the stress of cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC). From the changes of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and PSII activity, it was proved that the electron transport, which occurred initially at the electron donor side of OEC, was disturbed by CTAC. Moreover, a significant decrease of the oxygen evolution rate in OEC (40.95%) while an increase of ROS (50.50%) was obtained after the exposure to 0.6 mg/L CTAC compared to the control (without CTAC), confirming that more oxygen transferred to ROS under the stress. Furthermore, the increased ROS in chloroplast and the structural destruction in thylakoid membrane were observed, respectively. These results proved that oxidative damage mechanism in PSII-OEC is mainly through the reduction of oxygen evolution and the production of excessive ROS, thus leading to the destruction of OEC performance and chloroplast structure.
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