Surfaces and Interfaces
·
2023
·
IF 6.2
Wen-Jie Jin,Shuang Dong,Jin-Ping Guan,Xian-Wei Cheng,Chuan-Xiang Qin,Guo-Qiang Chen
Polyamide 56 (PA56) biomaterial with excellent flame retardancy, antibacterial and UV-protective properties is potentially applied in the field of security and protection. Here, a green and sustainable multifunctional coating (DOPO-ATU) was developed, and then it was applied to modify PA56 fabric. The DOPO-ATU showed excellent flame retardancy to PA56 fabric. With 7.8 % weight gain, the coated PA56 fabric possessed a high LOI value of 30.1 % and a low damaged length of 11.1 cm without dripping. In cone calorimeter test, the peak heat release rate and average effective heat of combustion decreased by 20.5 % and 46.4 % versus pristine one, showing excellent fire safety. Further analysis proved that DOPO-ATU mainly acted in the gas-phase through the action of diluting non-combustible gases and quenching free radicals. In addition, the coated PA56 fabrics also displayed excellent antibacterial property and UV-protective properties. This work provides a cleaner and sustainable approach for preparing multifunctional coating for PA56 protective biomaterials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物医学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Materials Today Chemistry
·
2021
·
IF 8.301
X. Lu,M. Yu,D. Wang,P. Xiu,C. Xu,A.F. Lee,X. Gu
A simple and environmentally benign synthetic route to lignin-based epoxy resins is highly desirable. Alkali lignin and glyoxal are promising renewable and sustainable alternatives to phenol and formaldehyde, respectively. Their use is demonstrated to produce lignin-phenol-glyoxal novolac epoxy resins (LPG-NERs) through a simple one-pot synthesis. Flame retardancy of LPG-NERs was improved by functionalization with a N, S modified 9, 10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) material (termed DBS) obtained via nucleophilic reaction between DOPO and a N, S containing intermediate. FTIR and 1 H NMR analyses confirmed the successful fabrication of LPG-NERs and SBD. The introduction of lignin and SBD reduced crosslinking of the epoxy network, weakening mechanical properties , but conferred excellent flame retardancy (including vapor and condensed phases) as determined by LOI (34.5%), UL-94 (V-0 rating), and cone calorimetry tests (lower heat release and smoke production, and higher char formation). The SBD structure imparted a desirable vapor mechanism (blowing out phenomenon caused by the fire quenching effect of PO•/PO 2 • radicals and dilution effect from non-condensable gases such as NH 3 , N 2 , SO 2 ), while lignin (a natural biochar precursor) in synergy with SBD imparted superior charring performance.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
·
高分子科学
·
可持续化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Renewable Materials
·
2020
·Vol. 8
·期 1
·45-55
·
IF 1.341
Ma Yufeng,Gong Xuanang,Jia Puyou
In order to improve the comprehensive performance of phenolic foam, 9, 10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) was grafted with itaconic acid (ITA) (DOPO-g-ITA) to modify microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). DOPO-g-ITA modified MCC (DIMMCC) was used to prepare composite
phenolic foam (DCPF). The structures of DIMMCC were verified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The microstructure and crystalline property were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) respectively. Compared with MCC, the crystallinity
of DIMMCC was dramatically decreased, but the diffraction peak positions were unchanged. Thermal stability was decreased, and Ti decreased by 45.0°C. The residual carbon (600°C) was increased by 22.34%. With the dosage of DIMMCC/PR increased, compared with PF, the mechanical properties
and flame retardancy of DCPF were increased. Especially, the dosage of DIMMCC/PR was 10%, the comprehensive properties of DCPF was better than others.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
·
2023
·
IF 5.9
Shengda Wang,Shenghui Lou,Penghui Fan,Li Ma,Jie Liu,Tao Tang
For improving the flame-retardant performance of epoxy thermosets without sacrificing other properties, a novel aromatic imine-containing DOPO-based bisphenol, DOPO-AI, was synthesized. Diglycidyl ether bisphenol F epoxy resin (DGEBF) reacted with DOPO-AI first, followed by curing with 4, 4′-diaminodiphenylmethane (DDM). When the mass of DOPO-AI was 25% of DGEBF, the resulting epoxy thermoset EP/20DOPO-AI exhibited the V-0 rating with the limiting oxygen index of 35.4%. In the cone calorimetry test, the peak heat release rate and total heat release of EP/20DOPO-AI showed the reduction of 26% and 27%, respectively, compared to those of DGEBF/DDM (EP). The mechanism of DOPO-AI in reducing heat release and increasing char-form ability of EP/DOPO-AI was studied. Interestingly, the mechanical and thermal mechanical properties of EP/20DOPO-AI were improved, although the crosslinking density was much lower than that of EP. The tensile strength and storage modulus of EP/20DOPO-AI were increased by 13% and 5%, while the glass transition temperature and the elongation at break were kept, compared with those of EP. The high rigidity of DOPO and aromatic imine was the reason for the improvement of the mechanical properties of EP/20DOPO-AI. Furthermore, EP/20DOPO-AI showed a small reduction in thermal stability, compared with that of EP.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Coatings
·
2025
·Vol. 15
·期 4
·376
·
IF 2.8
Piye Wu,Jingjie Hu,Chanyu Liu,Ping He,Feng You,Hao Yang,Man Xu
Unsaturated polyester (UP) resin is widely utilized in the construction and automotive industries. The flammable nature of UP must be constrained when its products are manufactured. A novel organic flame retardant has been synthesized from 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) and triallyl isocyanate (TAIC). This DOPO-TAIC additive has been used to reduce the flammability of a matrix. Additionally, this flame retardant was then combined with dopamine-modified silicon carbide (M-SiC) to further diminish the flammability of UP. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) value combustion of a UP/DOPO-TAIC/M-SiC blend was 30.8% when the filler contents of DOPO-TAIC and M-SiC was 15 wt.% and 30 wt.%, respectively. These materials exhibited a UL 94 V-0 rating for combustion. Compared to the values for combustion of the neat UP, the peak heat release rate (Pk-HRR) and total heat release rate (THR) for this blend were reduced by 51% and 35%, respectively. The mode of action for flame retardant of UP blends containing DOPO-TAIC and M-SiC has been composed. The presence of a flame retardant containing P-Si elements can significantly reduce flammability compared to that of unmodified resin.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
REACTIVE & FUNCTIONAL POLYMERS
·
2025
·
IF 5.1
Yunpeng Ma,Haowen Tang,Xinjie Liu,Xinyu Lu,Xiaoli Gu
In response to the urgent need for sustainable alternatives to petroleum-based resources, particularly in the production of traditional thermosetting epoxy resins, this study introduces a pioneering approach using alkali lignin as a renewable substitute for phenol and glyoxal for formaldehyde. By synthesizing a lignin-based epoxy resin and combining it with a DOPO-diamine compound (DDC), we have developed a novel bio-based epoxy resin that not only aligns with eco-friendly principles but also exhibits intrinsic flame retardancy. The DDC-cured lignin-based epoxy resin (DDC-LER) stands out for its exceptional thermal stability, with a high char yield of 38.78 % in nitrogen at 800 °C, outperforming the DDM-cured counterparts. The glass transition temperature (Tg) of DDC-LER, as measured by DMA, is elevated to 145.2 °C, surpassing the 112.3 °C of DDM-LER, a result corroborated by DSC assessments. The flame retardancy of the DDC-cured materials is further highlighted by their high Limiting Oxygen Index values of 37.5 % and 35.3 %, earning them UL-94 V -0 rating. The DDC-LER system also demonstrates a significant reduction in heat release rate (HRR) and total smoke production (TSP), showcasing its superior safety profile. Through a comprehensive analysis of both condensed and gas phases, the underlying flame retardancy mechanism of DDC-LER is elucidated. In conclusion, the bio-based epoxy materials synthesized in this study represent a significant step towards environmentally responsible materials science, offering a compelling combination of properties that suggest a wide range of potential applications across various sectors.
研究领域:
高分子材料
·
绿色化学
·
阻燃材料
·
生物基树脂
·
热分析
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2020
·Vol. 138
·期 1
·49607
·
IF 2.52
Tingting Liu,Feng Wang,Gen Li,Peng Liu,Chong Gao,Yanfen Ding,Shimin Zhang,Xiangrong Kong,Mingshu Yang
Magnesium hydroxide (MH) nanoparticles have been considered as an excellent nonhalogen flame-retardant. However, the drawbacks of easy aggregation and relatively low flame retardancy limit their applications in polymer materials. In this research, MH nanoparticles were successfully grafted by 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) through the bridge of vinyl silane coupling agents (WD70). The grafted MH nanoparticles (MH-WD70-DOPO) were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra, 31 P nuclear magnetic resonance spectra, thermogravimetric analysis, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy spectra. MH-WD70-DOPO nanoparticles were incorporated into ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) matrix by melt blending method. The results indicated that MH-WD70-DOPO nanoparticles were much homogenously dispersed in EVA matrix than unmodified MH particles. EVA/MH-WD70-DOPO nanocomposites with 51.32 wt% loading showed higher flame retardancy, better mechanical and processing properties compared with EVA/MH-WD70 sample. These findings could provide a novel method to enhance the flame-retardant efficiency of inorganic hydroxide flame retardants, while keeping good mechanical and processing properties of polymer materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
聚合物工程
·
火焰阻燃研究
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
E-POLYMERS
·
2019
·Vol. 19
·期 1
·235-243
·
IF 1.491
Lin Liu,Rui Lv
A DOPO (9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphen-anthrene-10-oxide)-based halogen-free flame retardant (ODOPM-CYC) was synthesized and incorporated in rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF). The structure of ODOPM-CYC was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), 1 H NMR and 31 P NMR. The effects of ODOPM-CYC on the flame resistance, mechanical performances, thermal properties and cell structure of RPUF were also investigated. The results showed that the incorporation of ODOPM-CYC strikingly enhanced flame retardant properties of RPUF. The flame retarded RPUF acquired a limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of 26% and achieved UL-94 V-0 rating with the phosphorus content of 3 wt%. The smoke production rate (SPR) also showed an obvious decrease and total smoke release (TSR) was 39.8% lower than that of neat RPUF. Besides, the results demonstrated that the incorporation of ODOPM-CYC provided RPUF better thermal stability but did not show any obvious influence on its thermal conductivity. Graphical
研究领域:
材料科学
·
阻燃材料
·
聚合物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
·
2017
·
IF 2.843
Chanchal Kumar Kundu,Bin Yu,Chandra Sekhar Reddy Gangireddy,Xiaowei Mu,Bibo Wang,Xin Wang,Lei Song,Yuan Hu
A novel DOPO-based phosphorus- and nitrogen-containing monomer named DOPO-DAAM was synthesized and grafted onto the surface of polyamide 66 (PA 66) fabrics via UV grafting in order to improve the flame retardancy. To facilitate the grafting efficiency, the PA66 fabric surface was first modified through the HCl treatment. In the UL-94 vertical burning test, the PA66 fabrics treated with DOPO-DAAM could stop the melt-dripping. Cone calorimetry results showed that a 22% reduction in peak heat release rate was achieved for PA66 fabrics grafted with 20 wt % DOPO-DAAM. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated that the presence of grafted monomer catalyzed the degradation pathway of virgin PA66 fabrics where the initial decomposition temperature was reduced and the char yield was enhanced for all treated fabric samples. Moreover, real time FTIR analysis confirmed that the DOPO-DAAM decomposed ahead of virgin PA66 and catalyzed the formation of char residue.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
纺织工程
·
火灾安全科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
·
2024
·
IF 12.7
Shibin Nie,Zongquan Zhao,Wenli Zhai,Jinian Yang,Hong Zhang,Dongyue Zhao,Jingwen Wang
Epoxy resin (EP) is a versatile material widely employed in diverse fields such as electronic encapsulation, coatings, and adhesives. The optimization of flame-retardant, mechanical and interfacial properties in composites through material modification and compounding represents a prominent research focus within the field of EP. This study presents a novel approach by synthesizing MOF-derived nickel phyllosilicate (K–NiPS) and compounding it with 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) into the EP matrix. The incorporation of 5 wt% total K–NiPS and DOPO, with a mass ratio of 2:3, achieves a UL-94 V-0 rating and enhances the limiting oxygen index from 23.5 to 28.8 %. This combination also reduced the peak heat release rate, peak smoke release rate, and total smoke release by 44.6 %, 53.6 %, and 37.8 % respectively. Besides, the interface optimization effect of K–NiPS in collaboration with DOPO improved the tensile strength of EP/2K–NiPS/3DOPO from 77.5 MPa to 94.3 MPa, and the wear rate was only 1.25 × 10 −5 mm 3 /(N·m), which is 82.2 % lower than that of pure EP. This study will pave the way for the applied interface design of multi-functional EP.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
复合材料
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
·
2018
·
IF 3.193
Siqi Huo,Jun Wang,Shuang Yang,Chuan Li,Xiaolei Wang,Haopeng Cai
A novel DOPO-containing imidazole curing agent (DIB) was successfully synthesized, and served as a co-curing agent of 4,4‘-diaminediphenyl sulfone (DDS) to prepare a reactive flame-retarded epoxy thermoset (EP/DDS/DIB). The DSC results showed that the curing temperature of EP/DDS/DIB mixture was much lower than that of EP/DDS mixture due to the catalytic curing effect of imidazole group. Although the T g values of EP/DDS/DIB thermosets decreased in some degree, they were still obviously higher than that of EP/DDS/DOPO thermoset. The combustion tests indicated that DIB was a high-efficiency flame retardant for epoxy resin . The LOI value and UL94 rating of EP/DDS/DIB-0.75 sample reached 36.8% and V-0, respectively. In addition, the pk-HRR, av-HRR and THR of EP/DDS/DIB-1.0 thermoset were decreased by 57.2%, 37.9% and 36.0%, respectively, compared with those of EP/DDS thermoset. The studies concerning decomposition products in both condensed and gaseous phases revealed that the introduction of DIB brought about the formation of a protective intumescent char layer and the release of phosphorus-containing radicals and noncombustible nitrogen-containing fragments during combustion. DIB exerted bi-phase flame retardant effect on epoxy resin.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS
·
2024
·
IF 6.5
Li-Ping Zhang,Zhen-Guo Zhao,Yuan-Yuan Huang,Xing Cao,Xin-Yu Tian,Yan-Peng Ni,Yu-Zhong Wang
The cationic waterborne polyurethanes (CWPU) exhibit excellent affinity towards various materials possessing negative surface charges owing to its positive charge. However, its limited heat resistance and flame retardancy greatly restrict its practical application. In this work, we synthesized a flame retardant , 2-(6-oxido-6H-dibenz〈c,e〉〈1,2〉oxaphosphorin-6-yl)-1,4-hydroxyethoxyphenylene (DOPO-HQ-HE), and incorporated it into the skeleton of cationic waterborne polyurethanes to prepare flame-retardant cationic waterborne polyurethanes (CWPU-DHHxs). The obtained CWPU-DHHxs showed excellent flame retardancy, in which the LOI value of CWPU-DHH 12 reached over 26.9 vol% and passed UL-94 V-0 rating. The findings showed that CWPU-DHHxs exhibited remarkable efficacy in both the vapor and condensed phase during combustion. Moreover, the incorporation of DOPO-HQ-HE led to a significant improvement in heat resistance performance by facilitating enhanced microphase separation . Meanwhile, the major comprehensive performance of CWPU-DHHxs, including emulsion storage stability, thermal stability, mechanical performance, and transparency were effectively preserved.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）