Nano Energy
·
2025
·
IF 17.1
Shengxin Xiang,Xiao Wei,Lei Liu,Jianlong Hong,Shengshun Duan,Huiyun Zhang,Jinqiu Huang,Zhishui Chen,Zhiwei Zhao,Qiongfeng Shi,Jun Wu
Electrodes are transitioning from flexible to stretchable modality to accommodate more complex application scenarios. Here, inspired by the human skin, we report a rapidly formed Janus-structured stretchable (JSS) electrode. Wherein, the phase separation technology enables rapid film formation, and the gravity effect constructs the Janus structure. The Janus structure aggregates liquid metal (LM) on one side and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) on the other, providing a combination of highly stretchable and highly conductive nature at the same time. The JSS film has fast film forming time (15 s), metal-like conductivity (10 6 S/m), high stretchability (260 %), permeable (4077.41 g m −2 day −1 ), ultra-thin thickness (50–1000 μm), strain-insensitivity (stretching, folding, and rotation states), as well as excellent cuttable, transferable, recyclable, reconfigurable, and biocompatible property. Furthermore, the JSS films successfully achieve the effective acquisition of physiological, triboelectric, and resistive signals, when applied as standalone devices and integrated electrodes for electrophysiological signal recording, energy harvesting, and wearable sensing. With its prominent performance and broad adaptability, the proposed JSS film is expected to significantly advance the field of stretchable electrodes and further promote the practical applications of flexible and stretchable devices in industrial and electronic skin.
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高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 13.2
Xiaohai Zhang,Yijie Wang,Lei Zhang,Xinru Zhang,Yajie Guo,Bao Hao,Yongqiang Qin,Qiang Li,Lei Fan,Helei Dong,Qiulin Tan
Flexible pressure sensors with porous structures have a wide range of applications in many fields, including in flexible electronic skin, medical diagnosis, and human–computer interaction. As such, the fabrication of pressure-sensitive layers with porous structures capable of superior performance has become a significant research hotspot. Herein, we report a mechanically-sensitively enhanced structure of surface patchy protrusions and porous composites which can be used to accurately monitor limb movement, pulse, and breathing. Notably, the flexible pressure sensor exhibits high sensitivity (21.457 kPa −1 ), wide detection range (0.11–11.022 kPa), rapid response/recovery time (41.84 ms/20.82 ms), and excellent stability and cycle repeatability (up to 6000 cycles). Further, the pressure sensor array can act as an electronic skin to detect the pressure distribution. We further propose a newly developed miniaturized flexible wireless feedback system equipped with five pressure sensors. Using the detected pressure as input, the accurate recognition of nine gestures (98.22 %) was achieved with the help of a convolutional neural network (CNN) model.
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高影响因子
REACTIVE & FUNCTIONAL POLYMERS
·
2025
·
IF 5.1
Tong Zhang,Weiyin Chen,Wenxin Zhang,Lusheng Liao,Chengpeng Li,Peng Zhang
Flexible electronic skin ( E -skin) demands materials with skin-like softness, self-healing capability, and antibacterial properties for long-term wearable applications. Here, we developed a series of self-healing, antibacterial zwitterionic polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) elastomers via a facile photo-polymerization strategy. The elastomer was synthesized by crosslinking acrylate-terminated PDMS (PDMS-IU-MA) with zwitterionic sulfobetaine methacrylate (SBMA) using reactive hyperbranched polysiloxane (HPBSi) containing methacrylate groups as a multifunctional mediator. The resulting material exhibited remarkable antibacterial effects against E. coli and S. aureus , attributed to the zwitterionic SBMA moieties, while the dynamic hydrogen-bonding network formed by urethane/urea groups enabled self-healing ability. The mechanical properties, self-healing efficiency, and antibacterial performance were systematically tuned by varying the SBMA content. Furthermore, a conductive E -skin capable of precisely monitoring human motion through resistance changes was fabricated by integrating liquid metal (LM) microdroplets into an optimized PDMS matrix. This work provides a scalable strategy to integrate antimicrobial protection, self-healing, and strain sensing into E -skin for next-generation wearable electronics.
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高影响因子
Science Bulletin
·
2021
·
IF 11.78
Yibing Bu,Taoyu Shen,Wenke Yang,Shiyin Yang,Ye Zhao,Hu Liu,Yanjun Zheng,Chuntai Liu,Changyu Shen
With the rapid development of wearable intelligent devices, low-cost wearable strain sensors with high sensitivity and low detection limit are urgently demanded. Meanwhile, sensing stability of sensor in wet or corrosive environments should also be considered in practical applications. Here, superhydrophobic microcracked conductive paper-based strain sensor was fabricated by coating conductive Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene on printing paper via dip-coating process and followed by depositing superhydrophobic candle soot layer on its surface. Owing to the ultrasensitive microcrack structure in the conductive coating layer induced by the mismatch of elastic modulus and thermal expansion coefficient between conductive coating layer and paper substrate during the drying process, the prepared paper-based strain sensor exhibited a high sensitivity (gauge factor, GF = 17.4) in the strain range of 0–0.6%, ultralow detection limit (0.1% strain) and good fatigue resistance over 1000 cycles towards bending deformation . Interestingly, it was also applicable for torsion deformation detection, showing excellent torsion angle dependent, repeatable and stable sensing performances. Meanwhile, it displayed brilliant waterproof, self-cleaning and corrosion-resistant properties due to the existence of micro/nano-structured and the low surface energy candle soot layer. As a result, the prepared paper-based strain sensor can effectively monitor a series of large-scale and small-scale human motions even under water environment , showing the great promising in practical harsh outdoor environments . Importantly, it also demonstrated good applicability for spatial strain distribution detection of skin upon body movement when assembled into electronic-skin (E-skin). This study will provide great guidance for the design of next generation wearable strain sensor.
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PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 13.3
Yudong Song,Yang Zou,Qingquan Zhao,Xinjian Shi,Shengyan Yin,Zhenning Liu,Hang Sun
Continuous and dependable underwater motion monitoring and communication are crucial for ensuring the safety of swimming, divers and underwater workers. We have developed a coral-inspired piezoresistive electronic skin (Melamine sponge-poly(pyrrole)-polydimethylsiloxane, MS-ppy-PDMS e-skin) for motion monitoring and underwater communication. The microstructure of the coral-like poly(pyrrole) and the PDMS acting as “limestone” make MS-ppy-PDMS e-skin superhydrophobic, stable (up to 80,000 cycles and acid and alkali resistance), and sensitive over a wide pressure sensing range (1–2,000 kPa). Moreover, MS-ppy-PDMS e-skin exhibits remarkable breathability, photothermal antibacterial efficacy, and biocompatibility, thereby increasing the comfort of wear while maintaining its outstanding sensing functionality. MS-ppy-PDMS e-skin exhibited dependable electrical signals output in motion monitoring tests on land and underwater. Most crucially, the combination of underwater communication commands captured by MS-ppy-PDMS e-skin with a multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural network allows for rapid and precise analysis and recognition, achieving a 99.38% accuracy rate in identifying underwater communication commands. This enables the realization of intelligent perception function, and is expected to further advance the development of human brain-like cognitive systems. Overall, the coral bionic MS-ppy-PDMS e-skin demonstrates tremendous application potential in the fields of motion monitoring and underwater communication.
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Advanced Science
·
2025
·
IF 14.1
Yarong Ding,Yufeng Li,Shaozhe Tan,Jiachun Sun,Xu Yang,Xuesi Zhang,Zhenhua Lin,Zhenyu Li,Yue Hao,Yannan Liu,Yingchun Li,Jingjing Chang
Hydrogel-based wearable electronics hold great promise for physiological monitoring, yet their application in privacy-sensitive regions remains constrained by the simultaneous demands of ultrathin form factors, mechanical robustness, multimodal sensing, and long-term stability. Inspired by dragonfly wings, this study develops a gelatin hydrogel e-skin reinforced with polyurethane (PU) microfibers, featuring ultra-thinness (7.15 µm), high strength (55.62 MJ m −3 ), and high sensitivity (GF = 2.52, TCR = 3.5%°C −1 ). Its controlled binary heterogeneous structure ensures asymmetric adhesion and long-term skin conformability. A deep eutectic solvents (DES)-induced ion-electron dual-conducting system enhances conductivity by 13 times while improving flexibility, thereby boosting sensing performance. This sensor boasts biocompatibility, antibacterial properties, transparency, freeze resistance and recyclability. It enables high-precision continuous monitoring and achieves multimodal signal decoupling via finite element design. Integrated with flexible circuits and wireless modules, it supports non-invasive at-home tracking of privacy signals during pregnancy and erectile function. This work offers an intelligent solution for high-precision monitoring in precision and personalized healthcare.
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INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
·
2025
·
IF 3.9
Hao Liu,Shiyang Yan,Wei Wang,Xin Shi,Luming Yang,Haibin Gu
Electronic skin (e-skin), an emerging class of flexible integrated electronic devices, is designed to replicate the multifaceted functionalities of human skin, playing a critical role in the realms of wearable technology and healthcare monitoring. Despite their potential, the existing e-skins often fall short in achieving the robust mechanical strength, multifunctionality, and biocompatibility necessary for real applications. Durability and aesthetic appeal are also highly valued. This study introduced an innovative, ultratough, multifunctional transparent leather-based e-skin that can address these challenges. By employing the natural microstructure of tanned goatskin as a substrate, this work created this e-skin with an interpenetrating network structure containing a cross-linked copolymer of acrylic acid (AA) and hydroxypropyl acrylate (HPA) and integrated a variety of functional fillers, including Zr-CQDs (zirconium-doped carbon quantum dots) for conductivity, curcumin for antibacterial properties, and the eutectic solvent comprised of ethylene glycol and choline dihydrogen citrate for antifreezing and moisturizing capabilities. This e-skin exhibited remarkable mechanical properties with a tensile strength of 11.92 MPa and exceptional toughness of 5.26 MJ/m3, alongside 70% light transmission, showcasing its transparency. Its multimodal sensing capabilities enabled precise monitoring of diverse environmental stimuli, including strain, temperature, humidity, and bioelectrical signals, representing a significant advancement in wearable sensor technology. This work not only breathes new life into traditional leather materials for contemporary applications but also paves the way for sustainable and functional e-skin innovations, pushing the boundaries of wearable technology.
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高影响因子
Journal of Materials Chemistry A
·
2023
·Vol. 11
·期 32
·17112-17124
·
IF 11.9
Kai Han,Dadong Zhang,Wenbo Zhuang,Yanfen Wan,Peng Yang
Wearable sweat biosensors, as the only noninvasive and measurable body-fluid sensors, serve as a very important means to monitor an individual’s health status and more dynamic molecular-level information. The pursuit of wearable sweat biosensors includes not only detecting sweat components, but also integrating multiple functions, such as sweat-based health monitoring, near-field transmission and being self-powered. In this paper, we firstly bring forth a new idea of integrating sweat monitoring and dual electrical generation (hydrovoltaic and moisture electricity generation) for a multifunctional flexible device as a sweat-based health monitoring electronic (E)-skin. Herein, besides sweat composition analysis, a hydrovoltaic electricity generator is employed to detect the amount of sweat for the first time, and a dual electricity generator is used for self-supply of energy and skin-surface temperature measurement. Synergistic tandem nanogenerators are constructed using biomass carbon materials, and the power generation voltage can reach about 500 mV and is relatively stable. Our sweat E-skin (SE-skin) has five main functional areas, realizing real-time monitoring of sweat volume, sweat composition analysis‚ skin-surface temperature measurement and power-supply functions. This new integrated design not only enables real-time monitoring of indicators of health in sweat, but also provides a new idea for future intelligent wearables for human beings.
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Nano Energy
·
2024
·
IF 16.8
Ya Cheng,Junjie Ning,Ce Wang,Wendong Zhu,Linxi Hou
As development of Internet of Things, the E-skin sensor urgently needs to break through the constraints of sensing reliability, miniaturization, and portability. Occurrence of smart textile of integrated triboelectric nanogenerator, bring the endless possibility for exploring advanced sensor, which possess inimitable lightweight, permeability, flexibility, and washability. Herein, an all-nanofiber Janus textile with multi-layer structure was fabricated by continuously electrospinning and electrospray technologies, acting as a self-powered E-skin sensor. After triboelectric layer was modified by fluorinated polyurethane, the optimal triboelectric output reach 356 V, 2.88 μA, 80.12 nC, and 2.49 W m −2 , which could power small electronics via rectifier circuit. The great sensitivity (6.79 kPa −1 ), operational stability, and air permeability (1010.55 g m −2 •24 h −1 ) was realized. As a proof-of-concept, an intelligent Janus textile-based system was fabricated, the precise control of robotic hand and accurate identification of material were realized with assistance of electric circuit module and deep learning (one-dimensional convolutional neural networks), which would present tactile identification for further intelligent robotics and human-machine interaction (HMI).
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高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2025
·
IF 8.5
Aiping Zhan,Hou-Yong Yu
Human skin exhibits remarkable self-healing and responsiveness, attributed to dynamic disulfide (S S) bonds. However, traditional elastomer polymers often suffer from poor mechanical performance, low stability, and weak signal-capture capabilities due to metastability and insufficient interchain interactions. To overcome these limitations, a novel strategy combining inverse vulcanization and iron(III)-carboxylate coordination was proposed to construct a multifunctional, recyclable elastomer named PTCFe. In this system, thioctic acid (TA) undergoes inverse vulcanization with maleic acid-modified cellulose nanocrystals (MACNC), forming a robust dynamic network. Subsequently, ferric chloride (FeCl₃) induces multivalent Fe 3+ –carboxylate coordination, further reinforcing the polymer matrix. The presence of abundant hydrogen bonds and dynamic S S linkages synergistically enhance interchain interactions. As a result, PTCFe demonstrates high optical transparency (>90 %), exceptional stretchability (up to 1200 %), and strong adhesion (1368.56–1938.76 KPa) to diverse surfaces. It also exhibits outstanding self-healing efficiency (up to 89.6 %) and skin-friendly properties, maintaining stable signal detection during strenuous activities such as mountaineering, even under subzero conditions. Moreover, the elastomer is fully recyclable by thermal remelting and shows rapid biodegradability in soil. The PTCFe with above properties as a promising platform for next-generation wearable sensors and electronic skin (e-skin) technologies.
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高影响因子
Collagen and Leather
·
2025
·Vol. 7
·期 1
·1-25
·
IF 9.2
Liu Xinhua,Fei Yifan,Cui Boqiang,Chen Xing,Zhang Jiamin,Yue Ouyang,Bai Zhongxue,Wen Ling,Jiang Huie
Malignant melanoma, a highly aggressive malignancy, necessitates innovative therapeutic strategies integrating biomaterial innovation with multimodal treatment modalities. Herein, we report the development of a collagen-derived bioelectronic skin (c-ADM) nanoengineered via interfacial assembly of porcine acellular dermal matrix (ADM)—a natural collagen-rich scaffold—with conductive poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) and copper sulfide nanoparticles (CuS-NPs). This hybrid system synergizes photothermal ablation, stimuli-responsive drug delivery, and electrostimulation (ES) for comprehensive postoperative melanoma management and tissue regeneration. The c-ADM platform exhibits superior mechanical robustness, enzymatic resistance, and biocompatibility, enabling real-time motion monitoring while maintaining structural integrity in dynamic physiological environments. Leveraging the photothermal efficiency of CuS-NPs, localized hyperthermia (ΔT > 40 °C) under near-infrared (NIR) irradiation induces irreversible melanoma cell apoptosis. Concurrently, laser-triggered temperature-responsive drug release enables synchronized photothermal-chemotherapy, with sustained doxorubicin release profiles at tumor sites. Notably, pH-responsive Cu 2 ⁺ liberation from CuS-NPs facilitates intelligent functional switching: bactericidal activity at tumor microenvironment pH (5.0–6.0) and pro-regenerative effects under physiological pH (7.4) for wound healing. In vitro/in vivo assessments confirm c-ADM’s dual therapeutic efficacy including ES-enhanced cancer cell death via mitochondrial dysfunction and accelerated full-thickness skin regeneration through collagen remodeling and angiogenesis modulation. This work establishes a collagen-based bioelectronic scaffold for personalized oncological care, integrating intraoperative tumor eradication, postoperative surveillance, and adaptive tissue reconstruction. Graphic
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REACTIVE & FUNCTIONAL POLYMERS
·
2024
·
IF 4.5
Zheng Cao,Han Wu,Mengxiao Yang,Zhen Li,Xin Chen,Lin Liu
It is a high demand but a great challenge to construct all-in-one ionic conductive hydrogels with excellent mechanical performances, transparency, self-adhesion, conductivity and environmental tolerance. Herein, a versatile gel platform was developed via a facile and rapid photopolymerization of acrylic acid (AA) in deep eutectic solvent (DES) with multiple roles simultaneously as water-free solvent, ionic conductor , regulator of hydrogen bond density. Benefiting from the formed crosslinking networks including covalently cross-linked polymer network and multiple dynamic interactions, the resultant PAA-DES gels exhibited high stretchability of 884.7 ± 4.9%, toughness of 31.2 ± 1.4 MJ/m 3 , fatigue resistance and recovery ability, transparency of 93%, self-adhesive strength of 472 kPa. Moreover, the inherent advantages of DES enabled the gels with good ionic conductivity (2.5 ± 0.2 mS/cm), wide working window and biocompatibility . The PAA-DES as self-adhesive ionic sensors not only possessed wide strain range (∼400%) and stability, but also displayed excellent humidity (30–80%), temperature (−40–60 °C), and sweat tolerance which could precisely and steadily discern and monitor human motions and weak physiological signals. Thus, this work not only provides a strategy to construct all-in-one ionic conductive gels with high elasticity, fatigue resilience, transparency, self-adhesion and wide environmental tolerance, but also exploits versatile platform for intelligent gel sensor and e-skin.
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危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）