SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2024
·
IF 8.2
Guang Tian,Falin He,Xiangxiang Li,Shaoyang Hu,Xingchen Zhao,Shuqi Guo,Tingting Wang,Hao Wang,Wansong Zong,Rutao Liu
Chromium (Cr) poses a high ecological risk, however the toxic mechanisms of Cr in different valence states to soil organisms at cellular and molecular levels are not exactly. In this study, the Eisenia fetida coelomocytes and Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD) were chosen as the target subjects to investigate the effects and mechanisms of cellular toxicity induced by Cr(VI) and Cr(III). Results indicated that Cr(VI) and Cr(III) significantly reduced the coelomocytes viability. The level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was markedly increased after Cr(VI) exposure, which finally reduced antioxidant defense abilities, and induced lipid peroxidation and cellular membrane damage in earthworm coelomocytes. However, Cr(III) induced lower levels of oxidative stress and cellular damage with respect to Cr(VI). From a molecular perspective, the binding of both Cr(VI) and Cr(III) with Cu/Zn-SOD resulted in protein backbone loosening and reduced β-Sheet content. The Cu/Zn-SOD showed fluorescence enhancement with Cr(III), whereas Cr(VI) had no obvious effect. The activity of Cu/Zn-SOD continued to decrease with the exposure of Cr. Molecular docking indicated that Cr(III) interacted more readily with the active center of Cu/Zn-SOD. Our results illustrate that oxidative stress induced by Cr(VI) and Cr(III) plays an important role in the cytotoxic differences of Eisenia fetida coelomocytes and the binding of Cr with Cu/Zn-SOD can also affect the normal structures and functions of antioxidant defense-associated protein.
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高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
·
2021
·
IF 8.071
Wantong Tang,Guiyin Wang,Shirong Zhang,Ting Li,Xiaoxun Xu,Ouping Deng,Ling Luo,Yan He,Wei Zhou
Rare earth elements inevitably release into the soil due to their widespread application. However, it is unclear how they affect the soil animals. The study surveyed the growth and physiological responses of earthworm ( Eisenia fetida ) exposed into artificial soils spiked with La , Ce, and their mixture, and actual mine soil collected from an abandoned La–Ce mining area (Mianning, Sichuan). The results showed that the 1000–1200 mg/kg combined exposure in two soils induced significant histopathological and phenotypic changes of earthworms. Concentration significantly affected the superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and protein of E. fetida and the effects differentiated with the prolonging duration. These indicators were negatively affected under the La stress ≥800 mg/kg (SOD, POD, and protein), the 1200 mg/kg (SOD), Ce stress ≥1000 mg/kg (protein), and the combination ≥800 mg/kg (SOD, POD) and ≥1000 mg/kg (protein). Artificial combination had −15.04% (SOD), 8.87% (POD), 5.64% (MDA), and −8.34% (protein) difference compared with the contamination soil, respectively. Overall, E. fetida respond sensitively under the La and Ce stress, the antioxidant defense system and the lipid peroxidation were stimulated, and the artificial soil might overestimate eco-toxicological effect.
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高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
·
2026
·
IF 7.2
Peng Liu,Huidi Zhang,Jiahang Cai,Qiong Rao,Wenze He,Jianqiang Sun,Xunyue Liu
With the intensification of modern agricultural production activities and industrial development, the presence of pesticides and persistent organic pollutants in the soil environment has emerged as a global ecological challenge. However, the toxicological effects of co-exposure to pesticides and persistent organic pollutants (POPs) on non-target soil organisms have not yet been fully understood. In this study, a tripartite research framework integrating behavioral, biochemical, and molecular dynamics analyses was adopted to investigate the potential mechanisms underlying the combined toxicity of tebuconazole and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) on Eisenia fetida (E. fetida) . The results demonstrated that exposure to tebuconazole alone and co-exposure to tebuconazole and PFOA significantly affected the behavior of E . fetida , inhibited growth and development, and altered movement patterns. At the biochemical level, the antioxidant defense system exhibited functional compensation. In contrast, detoxification and neurotransmission pathways showed systemic impairment. Increasing PFOA concentrations enhanced several toxic responses under co-exposure conditions. Meanwhile, molecular dynamics simulations further suggested that tebuconazole and PFOA could interact with the active sites of target proteins, including superoxide dismutase, acetylcholinesterase, and glutathione S -transferases, and actin, through hydrophobic interactions and unique halogen bonds. These interactions were associated with alterations in protein conformational dynamics, suggesting their potential involvement in the regulation of antioxidant defense, detoxification processes, neurotransmission, and locomotor-related functions. Collectively, these findings provide molecular-level evidence for compound–protein interactions and enhance the understanding of toxicological responses associated with pesticide–POP co-exposure in soil organisms under chronic exposure conditions.
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高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
·
2018
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IF 4.358
Shuyan Zhao,Bohui Wang,Lingyan Zhu,Tiankun Liang,Meng Chen,Liping Yang,Jingping Lv,Lifen Liu
N-ethyl perfluorooctane sulfonamide (N-EtFOSA) is commonly known as the active ingredient of sulfluramid. It can be degraded to perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) in biota and environment. Earthworms ( Eisenia fetida ) were exposed with N-EtFOSA to examine the bioaccumulation, elimination and metabolism of N-EtFOSA by the earthworms after in vivo and in vitro exposure. N-EtFOSA could be biodegraded in quartz sands to perfluorooctane sulfonamide (FOSA) and PFOS. In the in vivo tests, in addition to parent N-EtFOSA, three metabolites, including perfluorooctane sulfonamide acetate (FOSAA), FOSA and PFOS also accumulated in earthworms as a result of N-EtFOSA biotransformation , with FOSA as the predominant metabolite. The bioaccumulation factor (BAF) and uptake rate coefficient ( k u ) of N-EtFOSA from sand were 20.4 and 2.41·d −1 , respectively. The elimination rate constants ( k e ) decreased in the order FOSAA (0.130·d −1 ) > N-EtFOSA (0.118·d −1 ) > FOSA (0.073·d −1 ) > PFOS (0.051·d −1 ). The biotransformation of N-EtFOSA in earthworm was further confirmed by the in vitro test involving incubation of earthworm homogenates with N-EtFOSA. This work provides evidence on the accumulation and transformation of N-EtFOSA in terrestrial invertebrates and will be helpful to explore the indirect sources of FOSA and PFOS in environmental biota.
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高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
·
2018
·Vol. 25
·期 29
·29335-29344
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IF 2.8
Zhao Shuyan,Yang Qiao,Wang Bohui,Peng Yihong,Zhan Jingjing,Liu Lifen
The effects of combined exposure to perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) and heavy metals (HMs) including cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), and lead (Pb) on earthworms ( Eisenia fetida ) were investigated. The results have demonstrated that the concentrations of labile acid exchangeable Cd, Zn, Ni, Pb, and Cu in soil were enhanced in addition of PFAAs. With PFAAs, the uptake of Cd, Zn, Ni, Pb, and Cu in earthworms was increased compared to those without PFAAs with the order of Cd > Zn > Pb > Ni > Cu. In the presence of HMs, the average biota-to-soil accumulation factors (BSAFs) of PFAAs in earthworms were decreased by 0.498–0.729 times for perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and 0.606–0.978 times for perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), indicating decrease rates of PFOS were higher than those of PFOA. And different levels of HMs led to insignificant different responses on the inhibiting effects of PFAAs uptake in earthworms. The increase of Cd in fraction C (associated with cytosol) and decrease of PFAAs in fraction C and fraction P (associated with tissue fragments, cell membranes, and intact cells) especially for fraction C were revealed when they were combined, suggesting cytosolic PFAAs and Cd were susceptibly mutual effected. This study indicated that PFAAs and metals mutually affected their bioaccumulation and subcellular distribution in earthworms, which will help to understand the fate and risks of PFAAs and metals in co-contaminated soil.
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高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
·
2025
·
IF 7.3
Zhiyuan Meng,Junting Shi,Rui Zhou,Yaqi Xiao,Xin Bao,Yaowen Cui,Sinuo Tian,Xiaojun Chen
The extensive use of pesticides and agricultural plastic films has created emerging environmental challenges, with accumulating evidence showing their co-occurrence in soils. This coexistence raises serious concerns about their combined ecological impacts, particularly their potential synergistic effects that remain poorly understood and require urgent investigation. In this study, we evaluated the ecological toxicity effects of boscalid (BOS, 1.0 and 5.0 mg/kg) and polystyrene microplastics (PE MPs, 15 and 150 μm) combined exposure on earthworms ( Eisenia fetida ) from changes in oxidative defense system, intestinal structural function, and metabolic phenotypes. Our findings demonstrated that co-exposure to BOS and PE MPs significantly inhibited earthworm growth and induced oxidative stress. Furthermore, the combined treatment disrupted intestinal barrier integrity. Metabolomics analysis revealed substantial perturbations in earthworm metabolic profiles, suggesting systemic physiological dysregulation. Notably, the toxicological interactions between BOS and PE MPs were dose- and size-dependent, with higher pesticide concentrations and greater MPs exacerbating adverse effects. Collectively, this study highlights that agricultural plastic residues could synergistically enhance the toxicity of co-occurring pesticides, underscoring the need for greater environmental and regulatory scrutiny of such combined pollutants.
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高影响因子
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY C-TOXICOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY
·
2026
·
IF 4.4
Yanan Zhang,Yumu Luo,Zhensi Meng,Jun Luo,Ke Li,Yuhang Lin,Minle Li,Rongren Bin,Mingming Fu,Ming Hung Wong
The widespread use of agricultural films has resulted in the pervasive accumulation of microplastics (MPs) and phthalates (PAEs) in soil, posing significant ecological toxicity risks to soil organisms. In this study, we investigated the toxic responses of Eisenia fetida following single and combined exposure to polyethylene microplastics (PE-MPs) and dibutyl phthalate (DiBP), covering survival, growth inhibition, oxidative stress, stress-related gene transcription, and histopathology. At the early exposure phase, co-stimulation by PE-MPs and DiBP markedly inhibited core antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), while triggering sharp compensatory elevation of glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity. Such antioxidant imbalance triggered early lipid peroxidation and cell membrane injury, evidenced by elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations. Although partial recovery of antioxidant enzyme activity was observed at day 28, obvious oxidative DNA damage was detected. This DNA injury disturbed genomic homeostasis, as reflected by significantly upregulated transcription of calreticulin (CRT) and heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70), alongside suppressed expression of translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP). Two-way ANOVA verified prominent interactive effects between PE-MPs and DiBP at the gene transcription level, with synergistic and antagonistic effects alternating under different concentration combinations. At the tissue level, the combined exposure eventually induced severe pathological lesions in the epidermis, muscle layers and intestinal wall, accompanied by obvious body weight loss in earthworms. Collectively, these results provide mechanistic insights into the interactive toxic effects of coexisting PE-MPs and DiBP, and offer fundamental data to support ecological risk evaluation of mixed microplastic–plasticizer pollution in farmland soils.
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高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
·
2021
·
IF 8.071
Ning Sun,Qiang Liu,Jinhu Wang,Falin He,Mingyang Jing,Shanshan Chu,Wansong Zong,Rutao Liu,Canzhu Gao
Pyrene (Pyr), a widely used tetracyclic aromatic hydrocarbon , enters soil in large quantities and causes environmental pollution due to its production and mining. In order to systematically study the biotoxicity of pyrene to model organisms Eisenia fetida in soil, experiments were carried out from four dimensions: animal, tissue, cell and molecule. Experimental results proved that the mortality rate increased with increasing concentration and time of exposure to pyrene, while the mean body weight and spawning rate decreased. Meanwhile, when the pyrene concentration reached 900 mg/kg, the seminal vesicle and longitudinal muscle of the earthworm showed obvious atrophy. Experimental results at the cellular level showed that pyrene induced cell membrane damage and Ca 2+ influx triggered mitochondrial membrane depolarization and a surge in ROS levels. Oxidative stress causes damage to proteins and lipids and DNA inside cells. When the mortality rate was 91.67 %, the Olive Tail Movement (OTM) of the comet experiment reached 15. The results of molecular level tests showed that pyrene inhibited the activity of Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD) mainly by changing the microenvironment and secondary structure of amino acid Tyr 108. The weakened function of direct antioxidant enzymes may be the root cause of the excessive increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells. The systematic approach used in this study enriches the network of toxic pathways in toxicological studies, and basic data on the biological toxicity of pyrene can provide support for future soil contamination detection.
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高影响因子
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