JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
·
2020
·Vol. 167
·期 14
·142505
·
IF 3.721
Wei Han,Wenjuan Wang,Mei Li,Yangyang Meng,Wenjing Ji,Yang Sun
To recover Gd from LiCl-KCl eutectic, the coreduction mechanism of Gd(III) with Pb(II) was investigated using electrochemical methods. The formation potentials related to the formation of three Gd-Pb intermetallics were detected by cyclic voltammetry, square wave voltammetry and chronopotentiometry, and the formation mechanism of Gd-Pb compounds could be described as xPb(II) + 2xe− = xPb. Meanwhile, the electroreduction of Gd on liquid Pb electrode was explored. The diffusion coefficient of Gd metal in liquid metallic Pb was determined by anodic chronopotentiometry. The kinetic parameters of Gd(III)/Gd(in Pb) couple in the temperature range from 723 K to 873 K were determined employing linear polarization (LP) method. Based on the relationship of exchange current density and temperature, the reaction activation energy was estimated to be 23.17 kJ mol−1. In addition, the recovery of Gd from molten salts was performed assisted by liquid Pb electrode by constant potential electrolysis (CPE) and constant current electrolysis (CCE). The products characterized using XRD, SEM with EDS are comprised of GdPb3 and Pb phases. The concentration change of Gd during CCE process was monitored by ICP-AES, and the recovery rate was estimated. The results showed that Gd concentration decreased and recovery rate increased with the duration.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2019
·
IF 5.383
Xinrui Huang,Jingsong Liu,Mengshi Zeng,Xiaowei Yang,Xiaojiang Liu
In this article, the MgO imporous fibers, MgO porous fibers and hydrofluoric acid (HF) modified MgO porous fibers were researched as the electrolyte binders in Li–Si/LiCl–KCl/FeS 2 thermal batteries respectively. The results show that the wettability between the LiCl–KCl molten salt and the MgO fiber binders increases significantly in order of MgO porous fibers and HF modified MgO porous fibers. The separator pellet using the MgO porous fiber modified by 40 mol% (of the MgO fiber) HF solution as the electrolyte binder exhibits an extremely small amount of electrolyte leakages (19.6 mg cm −2 ) and the highest ionic conductivity (0.66 S cm −1 at 450 °C). Meanwhile, the corresponding thermal battery shows the largest discharge capacity (425 mA h g −1 at 1.0 V voltage plateau). Moreover, the effect of HF modification on the ion migration was analyzed based on the analysis of element diffusion and the formed MgF 2 phase. In summary, modification of MgO porous fiber binder by HF solution is a potential way to improve the performance of thermal batteries.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Magnesium and Alloys
·
2020
·
IF 7.115
Shaolong Li,Yusi Che,Chenyao Li,Yongchun Shu,Jilin He,Bin Yang,Jianxun Song
The electrochemical behavior of Mg 2+ and Al 3+ in LiCl-KCl (mass 4: 1) melt at 973 K was studied on a Mo electrode systematically by cyclic voltammetry, square wave voltammetry and chronopotentiometry. The results showed that the reductions of Mg 2+ and Al 3+ were reversible processes controlled by the rate of the mass transfer. When Mg 2+ and Al 3+ coexisted in LiCl-KCl melt, they had no significant effect on the reduction potential of each other. The equilibrium potentials of Mg 2+ /Mg and Al 3+ /Al were obtained by open circuit potential method. Their apparent standard potentials were also calculated in this system and the values were −2.52 V vs Cl 2 /Cl − , −1.66 V vs Cl 2 /Cl − , respectively. Correspondingly, the apparent Gibbs free energies of Mg 2+ /Mg and Al 3+ /Al were −485.71 kJ/mol, −480.78 kJ/mol. Finally, potentiostatic electrolysis was performed on a Mo electrode in LiCl-KCl-MgCl 2 -AlCl 3 (the mass ratio of MgCl 2 to AlCl 3 was 10:1) melt at different potentials. The components of the deposits were characterized by scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectroscopy. The study revealed that the content of Al in the deposit decreased as the overpotential increased and Al tended to segregate at the grain boundaries.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
·
2025
·
IF 6.9
Fei Liang,Shaobo Xi,Jing Ding,Jianfeng Lu,Duu-Jong Lee,Shule Liu
The Gen 3 concentrating solar power (CSP) system, featuring a high-temperature molten chloride salt reheating device, can continuously generate electricity with high efficiency. Adding nanoparticles to molten salts can improve the suspension’s thermal conductivity and heat capacity. However, nanoparticle agglomeration can impair heat transfer and storage performance, potentially leading to device failure. This study employed molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with machine learning (ML) potentials to explore the enhancement mechanism of SiO 2 nanoparticles on the thermal properties of a molten LiCl-KCl eutectic. Specific heat capacity and suspension density were monitored and compared with experiments, considering molten salt temperature, nanoparticle sizes, and loadings as control variables. Adding 13–28 Å SiO 2 at 1–6% w/w increased the specific heat capacity of the molten eutectic. Interfacial adsorption of molten salt ions onto the nanoparticles created a unique microstructure, preventing particle agglomeration and enhancing inter-particle heat transport rates. While the specific surface area of nanoparticles is a primary factor in determining thermal performance, its impact diminishes with smaller nanoparticles due to agglomeration. Detailed comparisons of ion distributions around the nanoparticles revealed that strong interfacial adsorption of Li + primarily regulates the electrical field near the interface, leading to excess surface adsorption and increased heat capacity. The molecular configurations for LiCl-KCl nanofluids were detailed and presented for the first time to suggest practical ways to enhance their heat storage performance. Strategies to minimize particle agglomeration in the molten LiCl-KCl eutectic are discussed based on the study’s conclusions.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
热工工程
·
可再生能源
·
计算化学
·
纳米技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
IONICS
·
2020
·Vol. 26
·期 8
·3901-3909
·
IF 2.394
Li Mei,Sun Zhongxuan,Guo Dan,Han Wei,Sun Yang,Yang Xiaoguang,Zhang Milin
The electrode reaction of Pr(III) and coreduction of Pb(II) and Pr(III) were studied on an inert W electrode in eutectic LiCl-KCl to extract Pr from molten salt. The electrode process kinetic of Pr(III) on W electrode was firstly explored employing cyclic voltammetry (CV) and Tafel technique, such as the diffusion coefficient of Pr(III) in eutectic LiCl-KCl and the exchange current density ( j 0 ) for Pr(III)/Pr(0) couple and the electrode reaction activation energy. Then, various electrochemical techniques were used to investigate the coreduction of Pb(II) and Pr(III). Four cathode current peaks ascribed to the formation of Pr x Pb y intermetallic compounds were detected, which indicated that the Pr could deposit on pre-deposited Pb film, react with Pb, and form Pr x Pb y intermetallic compounds. Furthermore, the electrolytic products formed by galvanostatic electrolysis were characterized by scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray diffraction, which illustrated the formation of PrPb 3 intermetallic compound in LiCl-KCl-PbCl 2 -PrCl 3 melt.
研究领域:
化学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
·
2020
·
IF 3.807
Kewei Jiang,Yawei Shao,Valeri Smolenski,Alena Novoselova,Qi Liu,Minghui Xu,Yongde Yan,Jing Yu,Milin Zhang,Jun Wang
The electrode reactions of the Ce 3+ /Ce couple in molten LiCl–KCl eutectic in the temperature range 723–823 K on solid Mo electrodes were investigated by electrochemical techniques . The mechanism of deposition of metallic cerium has been established. It was found that the cathode reaction is irreversible and proceeds in one stage. The apparent standard Gibbs energy of CeCl 3 formation from the elements was calculated. The values of enthalpy and entropy were equal: ΔH* = − 1000.2 kJ/mol, ΔS* = 166.0 J/mol·K. The conditions of high-purity cerium production have been studied. The chemical structure of cathode deposits as well as the surfaces of the crucible were investigated by XRD , ICP and SEM-EDS methods. It was established that the best results for purification of the cathode product from impurities were achieved in the range 40–60 mA/cm 2 using a two-stage electrolysis. The amounts of the main impurities in the final product were 0.005 wt% Al, 0.0021 wt% Fe, and 0.003 wt% Si. The total purity of metallic cerium after cleaning was increased up to 99.971 wt% if a vitreous carbon crucible was used.
研究领域:
冶金学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2025
·
IF 7.3
Changzu Zhu,Tao Jiang,Shilin Jiang,Xinyu Zhang,Ming Cheng,Wentao Zhou,Wei-qun Shi,Yafei Wang
Electrochemical separation of spent fuel utilizing molten salt as a medium is an efficient approach to achieve the sustainable development of nuclear energy. The Lewis acidity and basicity of molten salts are closely related to the local structure of the molten salt and significantly influence its properties. In this study, the acidity–basicity scales of LiCl–KCl–CsCl–LaCl3 molten salts have been quantitatively determined using in situ UV–vis spectrophotometry with Tl+ probes, and the relationship between the acidity–basicity scale and temperature was deduced. The influence of molten salt’s acidity–basicity scale on its structural evolution was investigated through Deep Potential Molecular Dynamics (DPMD) simulations and in situ Raman spectroscopy. As the acidity–basicity scale of molten salt increases, the short-range ordering of the melt diminishes, and the intermediate-range ordering enhances. Moreover, based on the accumulation of data at various temperatures, the relationships between the temperature-dependent acidity–basicity scale and the thermal transport properties were derived. The reduction potential of La was analyzed through electrochemical tests to evaluate the corrosiveness of the salt melt, and it was found that molten salt with a higher acidity–basicity scale exhibited greater corrosivity. This study elucidates the correlation of the acidity–basicity scale with salt structure and properties, providing an effective method for comprehensive assessment and real-time monitoring of salt structure and properties through the direct measurement of the salt acidity–basicity scale.
研究领域:
核能化学
·
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
RSC Advances
·
2018
·Vol. 8
·期 53
·30530-30538
·
IF 2.936
Wei Han,Wenjuan Wang,Yongchang Dong,Mei Li,Xiaoguang Yang,Milin Zhang
The electrode reaction of Pb(II) and co-reduction of Li(I) and Pb(II) were investigated on a tungsten electrode in LiCl–KCl eutectic melts by a range of electrochemical techniques. From cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry measurements, the reduction of Pb(II) was found to be a one-step diffusion-controlled reversible process with the exchange of 2 electrons. The diffusion coefficients of Pb(II) were computed, and they obey the Arrhenius law. Using the linear polarization technique, the kinetic parameters, such as exchange current intensity (j0), standard rate constant (k0) and charge transfer resistance (Rct) for the Pb(II)/Pb(0) couple on a tungsten electrode were studied at different temperatures, and the activation energy is 27.32 kJ mol−1, smaller than the one for diffusion of Pb(II), which further confirmed that the reduction of Pb(II) was controlled by diffusion. A depolarisation effect for Li(I) reduction was observed from the results of cyclic voltammetry, square wave voltammetry and chronopotentiometry due to the formation of Li–Pb alloys by co-reduction of Li(I) and Pb(II). Furthermore, five Li–Pb intermetallic compounds, LiPb, Li8Pb3, Li3Pb, Li10Pb3 and Li17Pb4 characterized by scanning electronic microscopy and X-ray diffraction, were selectively prepared by potentiostatic electrolysis on a tungsten electrode and galvanostatic electrolysis on a liquid Pb electrode, respectively.
研究领域:
电化学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF RARE EARTHS
·
2020
·
IF 3.104
Mei Li,Yongcheng Zhang,Haiming Li,Hailing Jiang,Wei Han,Yang Sun
In the present work, cyclic voltammetry (CV), square wave voltammetry (SWV) and chronopotentiometry (CP) were used to investigate the electrochemical coreduction behaviors of La(III) and Mg(II) as well as La(III), Mg(II) and Mn(II) on Mo electrode in LiCl + KCl molten salts. CV and SWV results exhibit that the coreduction mechanism of La (III) and Mg(II) on Mo electrode is that La(III) is reduced and Mg–La intermetallic compound is formed, leading to the deposition potential of La(III) shifting to more positive one. The electrochemical signals pertaining to the formation of metallic La, Mg and Mn as well as Mg–La intermetallic compound are also observed by coreduction of La(III), Mg(II), and Mn(II) in LiCl + KCl molten salt on the inert Mo electrode. However, the electrochemical signals associated with the formation of La–Mn and Mg–Mn alloys are not observed, which means that the depolarization effect of La(III) and Mg(II) does not occur on pre-deposited Mn electrode. The Mg–La–Mn alloys were formed by co-deposition of La(III), Mg(II), and Mn(II) on Mo electrode at various concentration ratios of La(III) and Mg(II). The results of scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction displays that the Mg–La–Mn alloys are comprised of La–Mg compound Mg 17 La 2 , Mg and Mn phases. The concentration ratio of La(III) and Mn(II) has few effects on the alloy composition .
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
·
2022
·Vol. 331
·期 12
·5641-5648
·
IF 1.754
Smolenski Valeri,Novoselova Alena,Yan Yongde,Xue Yun,Ma Fuqiu
The equilibrium potentials of Me(III)/Me (Me = Dy, U) couples and the double Me–Ga, Me–Cd alloys vs. Cl − /Cl 2 reference electrode were measured at the temperature range 673–973 K in molten LiCl–KCl–CsCl eutectic by open-circuit potentiometry. The apparent standard potential and the base thermodynamic properties of alloys were determined. Separation factor for Dy/U couple was calculated on gallium and cadmium electrodes. In addition, it was found that the application of gallium electrodes has a significant advantage over cadmium electrodes in the process of electrochemical separation of uranium and dysprosium.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
核能工程
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2020
·
IF 6.215
Da-Wei Yang,Ya-Lan Liu,Tai-Qi Yin,Shi-Lin Jiang,Yu-Ke Zhong,Lin Wang,Mei Li,Zhi-Fang Chai,Wei-Qun Shi
To study the application perspectives of binary Ga–Al alloy electrodes in pyroprocessing, the utilization of Ga–Al alloy electrode for the separation of U from Ce was studied in this work. Specifically, the reduction behaviors of U (III) on Ga, Al and Ga–Al alloy electrodes was first explored in LiCl–KCl eutectic at 773 K. The cathode peak potential of U (III) at the Ga–Al alloy electrode was 0.44 V (vs. Li/Li 3 Bi), and less affected by the Ga/Al ratio. Moreover, potentiostatic electrolysis at 0.55 V (vs. Li/Li 3 Bi) was conducted on the Ga–Al alloy electrode for 4 h to separate U from Ce. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated the co-existence of Al 3 U and Ga 3 U with an identical crystal structure in the deposits. Scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) illustrated a good diffusion of U metal in Ga–Al alloy electrodes. Inductive coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) determinations exhibited an excellent separation performance of the Ga–Al alloy electrode.
研究领域:
核工程
·
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2023
·
IF 6.2
Zhaoyang Wang,Yinshan Zhang,Yanhua Shi,Zhinmin Dong,Yuanping Jiang,Qian Liu,Zifan Li,Yuhui Liu,Xiaohong Cao,Yingcai Wang,Zhibin Zhang,Yunhai Liu
The main purpose of this paper is to study the extraction and separation of key fragment elements based on the electrolytic refining process of spent fuel dry reprocessing. Firstly, the electrochemical mechanisms of Er(III) and Yb(III) in LiCl-KCl molten salts were investigated on W and In film electrodes with applied cyclic voltammetry (CV), square wave voltammetry (SWV) and open circuit potential (OCP) at 773 K. The results indicated that the reduction behaviour of In(III) and Yb(III) ions were a two-step transfer process and Er(III) ions was a one-step transfer process. Then, the kinetic parameters in electrochemical processes were calculated on an In electrode with different temperatures. The OCP approach was used to determine the equilibrium potential of Er(III)/Er(0) in the temperature range of 773 K∼848 K, and thermodynamic parameters of the In 3 Er alloy were provided. Based on electrochemical behaviour results, the electrochemical extraction of Er(III) and Yb(III) from LiCl-KCl-ErCl 3 molten salts and LiCl-KCl-YbCl 3 molten salts at liquid In electrodes was performed by constant potential and constant current electrolysis, respectively. The electrolysis products were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM-EDS), the primary intermetallic compounds generated in the alloys were In 3 Er and In 3 Yb. The average extraction rates for Er(III) and Yb(III) were 94.70% and 96.54%, respectively, according to inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) analysis. Er(III) and Yb(III) were selectively extracted and separated from LiCl-KCl-ErCl 3 -YbCl 3 molten salts by potentiostatic control on the basis of the previously studied Lns (Er and Yb) extraction on In electrodes. The separation rate of Er(III) and Yb(III) by electrochemical selective deposition was 94.21%.
研究领域:
电化学
·
材料科学
·
核工程
·
热力学
·
动力学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）